JP2006083549A - Evacuation tower against tsumani - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily evacuate residents onto a tower at the occurrence of a tsunami. <P>SOLUTION: A structure 10 with a plurality of metal posts 1 installed on the ground G and connected to each other by horizontal frames 2 is provided with floor faces 3 of the estimated tsunami height or higher and safety fences 4, and various evacuation facilities for use in evacuation are provided on the floor face 3. Since the tower is equipped with the facilities, the evacuation activity of the residents can be assisted by using the facilities. As one of the evacuation facilities, a hoisting machine 6 for lifting persons and materials is provided. The hoisting machine 6 is mounted to a turnable arm 16 installed at the end of the floor face 3. The hoisting machine 6 can project to the outside of the structure 10 by the turning of the arm 16 and open/close the safety fence 4 in the installed place. In this manner, evacuation of a movement restrained person or the like onto the floor face 3 can be assisted. Further, if a photovoltaic power generating device 15 is installed at the structure 10, a part or the whole of electric power required for the evacuation facilities can be supplied. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation tower used by residents to evacuate when a tsunami occurs.

  If a tsunami exceeding 1m in height is expected due to an earthquake, the Japan Meteorological Agency will issue a tsunami warning approximately three minutes after the earthquake. However, in the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-oki earthquake, residents were unable to evacuate on Okushiri Island, which was close to the epicenter, and in early areas, a tsunami hit only a few minutes after the earthquake and many lives were lost.

  At least after the tsunami warning is issued, it is necessary to evacuate immediately to a height higher than the expected tsunami height, but because the evacuation site is far from the residential area, the evacuation cannot be completed by the arrival of the tsunami There is no end to it. In addition, especially for elderly people and persons with physical disabilities, it is often difficult to evacuate to high ground as soon as possible, and in some cases, it is impossible to move by oneself. In the near future, the occurrence of large earthquakes and the resulting tsunamis are feared, especially in areas where there is a risk of tsunami strikes.

As conventional tsunami evacuation measures, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for a tsunami evacuation tower. This tsunami evacuation tower is constructed by constructing a structure composed of a plurality of support columns and a horizontal frame on the ground, and providing the floor with a height higher than the expected tsunami height. By constructing this structure in a necessary place such as a town or a village along the coast, an attempt is made to secure an evacuation place for residents (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-184323

  However, the tsunami evacuation tower merely provides a floor surface higher than the ground, and does not have facilities for assisting activities when the residents evacuate or after evacuation. For this reason, residents cannot perform evacuation activities more reliably. Similarly, in the above tsunami evacuation tower, when the residents evacuate, they have to walk on their own or go up to the floor through a ladder or the like by themselves. For this reason, there is a possibility that the evacuation cannot be completed within a limited time for the above-mentioned movement restriction person or the like.

  Accordingly, the first object of the present invention is to provide a tower having a function capable of helping residents to evacuate when a tsunami occurs, and to make it easier for residents to evacuate on the tower. Let's assume the second issue.

  In order to solve the above first problem, the present invention provides various evacuation facilities for use during evacuation on a tower. If the tower is equipped with equipment, residents can be evacuated by using the equipment. In order to solve the second problem, the present invention provides a hoisting machine as the evacuation equipment. If a hoisting machine is used, a person or the like can be lifted, so even a person with limited mobility can easily be guided on the tower and does not need time to evacuate. For this reason, there exists an effect which can protect the life of a local resident more reliably.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, when the tsunami occurs, the evacuation activities of the residents are assisted by the equipment provided in the tower, and the residents can be easily evacuated on the tower.

  As a specific embodiment of the above means, a plurality of metal columns are installed on the ground, the columns are connected by a horizontal frame to form a structure, and the structure has a position that is higher than the expected tsunami height. A floor surface having an area capable of accommodating personnel expected to evacuate is provided, a safety fence is provided at the peripheral edge of the floor surface, and lifting equipment extending from the ground to the floor surface is provided. The lifting equipment may be a staircase, a slope, or a combination thereof. On the floor, evacuation facilities were provided for use during evacuation.

  Evacuation equipment is equipment that assists the activities when residents evacuate or after evacuation. For example, in addition to lighting that guides residents to be evacuated to the evacuation site, loudspeakers, lifting equipment, etc., stockpiled foods that can be used by residents who have completed evacuation, medical equipment, portable radio, communication equipment, portable lighting Various evacuation facilities such as appliances and facilities for storing or attaching them can be mentioned. By providing these facilities on the floor, evacuation of residents is helped.

  In addition, the said floor surface can also be installed in multiple steps | paragraphs in the up-down direction of the said structure as needed. In this way, even if the place (site) where the structure is built is a small area, if multiple floors are provided, the total area of the floor will increase. Capacity can be secured. Of course, in the case where a wide construction site can be secured, it is possible to cope with securing the accommodation capacity by expanding the area of the floor surface per step.

  The said structure WHEREIN: As the said evacuation equipment, the structure which provided the hoisting machine for a person and material raising / lowering can be employ | adopted, for example. If it does in this way, an evacuee will be lifted by using a hoisting machine as needed at the time of evacuation, and will be easily guided from the ground to the floor without walking by himself. For this reason, especially for those who are restricted in movement, the time until completion of evacuation can be greatly reduced compared to the conventional case. Moreover, since the hoisting machine can be used to carry materials onto the floor, it can be effectively used for evacuation activities.

  If the wire of the hoisting machine is completely wound up, the equipment related to the hoisting machine can be prevented from intervening on the ground, so when the tsunami arrives, the equipment is submerged or destroyed. Can avoid damage. Further, if an openable / closable hatch is provided on the floor surface directly under the hoisting machine, it is easy to guide an evacuee or materials that are raised by the hoisting machine to the floor surface.

  Further, in the configuration in which the hoisting machine is provided, the hoisting machine is attached to an arm that is installed at the end of the floor surface and is capable of turning in the horizontal direction, and the turning range of the arm is directly below the floor surface. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the safety fence that is set in the direction including the edge and that faces the turning range of the arm can be opened and closed. In this way, the hoisting machine is used so as to project to the side of the structure, and when the evacuees or materials rise to the floor surface, the arm is directed toward the structure. If it turns, the evacuees, materials, etc. can be easily guided to the floor. At this time, since the safety fence provided on the floor surface can be opened and closed, if the safety fence is opened at the time of turning, the guidance of the evacuees can be the shortest path from the ground to the floor surface, so it is smooth It is. Moreover, according to this structure, since the said hatch does not necessarily need to be provided in a floor surface, a structure can be simplified.

  Furthermore, the structure may be provided on a road. Specifically, the structure is provided across the direction intersecting the road, and the support column, the lateral frame, and the floor surface are provided at positions where a space corresponding to a road building limit can be secured on the roadway directly below. The configuration as described above can be adopted. Since roads are generally set as evacuation routes, if a tsunami evacuation tower is built by occupying the roads that are evacuation routes, the distance to the evacuation site can be shortened. In addition, when constructing a structure, it is sufficient to obtain permission to occupy the road, so there is no need to purchase or rent exclusive land in advance. Becomes easy.

  Further, in the case where the tsunami evacuation tower is provided across the road, when the hoisting machine is provided, a configuration in which the hoisting machine is provided on the floor surface immediately above the road can be adopted. . In this way, the hoisting machine can be used to move directly vertically from the road to the floor, which is convenient, and by providing a structure on the road that is the evacuation route, The moving distance can be further shortened.

  In addition, in the structure of any of the above structures, a structure in which a spiral slope from the ground to the floor surface is provided in the structure can be adopted as necessary. If there is a spiral slope, evacuees who use wheelchairs and the like can be guided more smoothly on the floor surface, which is effective in making it easier for residents to evacuate.

  Further, in the configuration in which the tsunami evacuation tower is provided across the road, if the structure is provided with stairs and / or slopes from the floor to the ground at both ends of the road, or both, It can be divided from both sides of the floor and can be climbed on the floor, and its structure can function as a pedestrian bridge in normal times.

  Further, when a photovoltaic power generation device is installed in the structure and electric power is required for the evacuation facility, part or all of the necessary electric power is supplied by the power generation of the solar power generation device. You may make it do. If it does in this way, if the predetermined electric power generation amount is ensured, it will become possible to operate the said evacuation equipment without receiving supply of electric power from others or at the time of a power failure. In addition, even when operating with the supply of power from others, it is possible to reduce the amount of power commensurate with the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation device from the amount of power consumed by the supply source, and when particularly desired Can also sell electricity during normal times.

  One embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The tsunami evacuation tower of this embodiment is a multi-layered tsunami evacuation tower that is built on the ground G and has two floors 3 on which people can evacuate. As shown in FIG. 2, a total of four metal columns 1 are installed on a foundation provided on the ground G, and adjacent columns 1 are arranged in a horizontal frame 2 as shown in FIG. 3. By connecting, the structure 10 having a quadrilateral shape in plan view is formed. In the structure 10, the floor surface 3 is provided in two stages at a position H higher than the expected tsunami height from the ground G, and an entrance / exit portion 9 to the floor surface 3 is provided at the peripheral end of the floor surface 3. A safety fence 4 is provided to surround the four sides except for. Further, a staircase 5 with a handrail is provided from the ground G to the entrance / exit portion 9 of each of the stepped floor surfaces 3 and 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the floor surface 3 is formed by placing and fixing a floor slab made of a checker plate on the horizontal frame 2 via a beam member 12. As the material of the floor slab, known materials can be used, and are not particularly limited. In addition, grating, expanded metal, weather-resistant plywood, and the like may be used.

  Further, the area of the floor surface 3 is set to a predetermined area so that the total floor area of each step can accommodate more than the number of persons expected to evacuate in the constructed area. As long as the floor 3 can secure the predetermined area, the floor 3 on the lower horizontal frame 2 shown in FIG. The provided single layer structure may be used, and if necessary, three layers, four layers,... It is designed freely according to the personnel composition, geographical conditions, expected tsunami height, etc.

  In addition, the structure 10 is provided with a hoisting machine 6 for raising and lowering people and materials that can move vertically between the ground G and the floor 3 as an evacuation facility for use during evacuation. ing.

  The hoisting machine 6 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), an arm 16 is attached to the periphery of a support 11 provided at the end of the floor surface 3 so as to be pivotable in the horizontal direction. A hoisting machine 6 such as a winch is attached to the tip of the head. As shown in FIG. 3, the swivelable range of the arm 16 is set to an orientation (angle α in the drawing) including the edge of the floor surface 3 immediately below that range, and swivels from the space above the floor surface 3. Then, it is set so as to extend beyond the edge of the floor surface 3 to the outside of the structure 10. Further, it is possible to turn more than the angle α1 further inward than the edge of the floor surface 3. Moreover, the safety fence 14 which is a part which faces the turning range of this arm 16 among the said safety fences 4 can be opened and closed to the floor surface 3 side, as shown in the figure.

  Further, the structure 10 is provided with a solar power generation device 15 so that part or all of the electric power necessary for the power of the hoisting machine 6 is supplied by the power generation of the solar power generation device 15. It has become. The solar panel 17 necessary for the power generation device 15 can be provided at an appropriate position. For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, a part of the safety fence 4 or, if necessary, the If the entire surface is used, it is convenient because the lighting efficiency is high without taking up space.

  The tsunami evacuation tower according to the present invention functions as follows with the above configuration.

  In other words, a tsunami warning from the Japan Meteorological Agency, residents who sensed the danger of a tsunami attacking rushed to this tsunami evacuation tower before the tsunami rushed, and mainly healthy people evacuated on the floor 3 using the stairs 5 To do. Since this floor 3 is installed at a height H higher than the expected tsunami height from the ground G, it will not be damaged by the tsunami if you wait at this place. In addition, a person who is difficult to walk on his / her own and quickly evacuate to the floor 3 such as an elderly person or a person who has a physical disability, as shown in FIG. It rides on the pallet 6b to which 6a is connected, drives the hoisting machine 6 by operation from the floor surface 3, winds up the wire 6a, and is guided onto the floor surface 3. On the pallet 6b, as shown in the drawing, it is preferable to be able to load a thing corresponding to a wheelchair. In addition to people, various materials such as evacuation materials are placed on the floor surface. 3 may be carried. When the pallet 6b is not necessary, the material or the like may be directly connected to the wire 6a without using the pallet 6b.

  In this ascent and descent, the safety fence 14 facing the turning range of the arm 16 to which the hoisting machine 6 is attached can be opened and closed on the floor surface 3 side as described above. When a person or the like reaches the same height as the floor surface 3, as shown in FIG. 3, when the arm 16 is turned, by opening the safety fence 14, it can be smoothly guided onto the floor surface 3. It is not necessary to get over the safety fences 4 and 14.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the structure 10 is provided with a night lighting device (nightlight) 19 on the uppermost floor 3, so that the tsunami evacuation tower can be seen from a distance. The position can be easily confirmed, and the work on the floor 3 during or after evacuation can be easily performed. In addition, since a loudspeaker 18 is also installed, residents can be notified of tsunami warnings and can be used to guide evacuation to the tower. The lighting device 19 and the loudspeaker 18 are appropriately provided as necessary, and may be installed alone on the safety fence 4 or the like as the place where they are installed, or attached to the support column 11 or the arm 16. And you may use the facility effectively. The solar power generation device 15 described above can also be used for the power source of this type of equipment.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a hangar 20 that stores various evacuation equipment such as stored food, medical equipment, portable radio, communication equipment, and portable lighting equipment is provided on the floor 3 as shown in FIG. Since the hangar 20 is sealed, the stored items can be prevented from being deteriorated by being exposed to the weather. In addition, if the house cannot be returned to the house due to, for example, a house collapse, the stored items are useful as an emergency measure for the evacuees.

  Further, in this embodiment, staircases 5 are mainly provided for healthy people to evacuate to each stepped floor surface 3, but instead of or in addition to this staircase 5, for example, a ladder or a slope May be provided. If the slope is provided, the evacuees who use the wheelchairs can be smoothly guided to the floor 3 in a short time. When this slope is provided, it can be provided in an arbitrary form in an arbitrary place. For example, if a spiral slope that goes around the outer periphery of the structure 10 is used, the space for constructing the structure 10 is greatly expanded. The tower can be installed with a minimum of space. Moreover, the hoisting machine 6 for raising and lowering people and materials as the evacuation equipment is not limited to the hoisting machine 6 shown in this embodiment. For example, a hoisting machine such as a chain block or a winch, a chain, a rope, or the like is conceivable, regardless of the type driven by power or manually operated. In addition, the evacuation equipment for evacuation may be permanently installed on the floor 3 as in the hoisting machine 6 of this embodiment, or may be stored in the hangar 20.

  In this embodiment, among the safety fences 4 surrounding the peripheral edge of the floor surface 3, the openable / closable safety fence 14 is located in the vicinity immediately below the turning range of the arm 16, as shown in FIG. However, when the safety fence 4 is provided slightly inside from the edge of the floor surface 3, the safety fence 4 in the vicinity of the arm 16 immediately below the turning range is appropriately opened and closed freely. A fence 14 is sufficient.

  The number of columns 1 of this structure 10 and the area of the floor surface 3 of each step can be freely set as necessary. Further, a part of the floor surface 3 may be provided so as to be cantilevered outward from the support column 1 or the lateral frame 2. Furthermore, the support column 1 is connected and fixed to the upper end of the support column 1 of the structure 10 so that it can be extended upward, and the extended support column 1 portion is provided with a horizontal frame 2, a floor surface 3, etc. A configuration may be adopted in which a necessary number of floors 3 can be appropriately added. Further, if the horizontal frame 2 and the floor surface 3 can be supported with respect to the support column 1 so that the height can be adjusted, the height of the floor surface 3 depends on the expected tsunami height of the place where the structure 10 is built. This is convenient because it can be set selectively.

  Another embodiment is shown in FIGS. The tsunami evacuation tower of this embodiment is constructed by building this structural body 10 on the road R in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, and is characterized in that the road R is effectively used as its installation location. As shown in FIG. 4, the structure 10 is provided across the direction intersecting the road R, and the support column 1, the horizontal frame 2, and the floor surface 3 each secure a space corresponding to the road building limit on the roadway directly below. It is built in consideration of the contents of regulations such as road laws, road traffic laws, various laws such as road structure ordinances, government ordinances, etc.

  Since roads are generally set as evacuation routes, if a tsunami evacuation tower is built by occupying the roads that are evacuation routes, the distance to the evacuation site can be shortened. In addition, if the building is built using roads, it will be easy to place evacuation towers at regular intervals along the road as long as other requirements for evacuation towers are met. It becomes easier for the person to specify the evacuation site.

  Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a rescue-covered hatch 7 is provided on the floor surface 3, and an evacuee or material lifted by the hoisting machine 6 from the ground G is transferred to the floor surface 3. It serves as an entrance for leading up. If the evacuation equipment is provided on the floor directly above the road, as shown in FIG. 5, it can be moved directly from the road to the floor. Can do. In general, it is not desirable to use a private car at the time of evacuation. However, when an emergency tsunami evacuates for an instant, it is possible to reduce the evacuation time by placing an emergency car or the like on the evacuation equipment for evacuation.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, a lighting device 19 ′ is arranged substantially evenly by using a landing place of three stairs, and the lighting effect is further improved. In addition, as in the case of the first embodiment, a hangar 20 that stores the stored food, various evacuation devices, and the like is installed at appropriate places on the floor surface 3 as necessary.

  As described above, the tsunami evacuation tower according to the present invention is not only a structure for evacuation but also has a great effect of more reliably protecting the lives of residents by evacuation facilities that help residents to evacuate. Have

1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view. Right side view of FIG. Enlarged view of the main part where the evacuation equipment is installed The top view which shows the other Example of this invention Front view of FIG. Right side view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,11 Support | pillar 2 Horizontal frame 3 Floor surface 4,14 Safety fence 5 Stair 6 Hoisting machine 7 Hatch 8 Foundation 9 Entrance / exit part 10 Structure 12 Beam material 15 Solar power generation device 16 Arm 17 Solar panel 18 Loudspeaker 19 Illumination Equipment 20 Hangar α Arm turn angle α1 Turn angle G from safety fence to floor side Ground H Expected tsunami height R Road

Claims (10)

A plurality of metal struts 1 are installed on the ground G, and the struts 1 are connected to each other by a horizontal frame 2 to form a structure 10, and the structure 10 is evacuated at a position higher than the expected tsunami height. For tsunami evacuation provided with a floor surface 3 having an area capable of accommodating expected personnel, a safety fence 4 provided at the peripheral edge of the floor surface 3, and a lifting facility extending from the ground G to the floor surface 3 In the tower,
A tsunami evacuation tower characterized in that an evacuation facility is provided on the floor 3 for use during evacuation.   The tsunami evacuation tower according to claim 1, wherein the floor surface (3) is installed in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the structure (10).   The evacuation tower according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evacuation facility is a hoisting machine 6 for lifting people and materials.   The tower for tsunami evacuation according to claim 3, wherein an openable and closable hatch 7 is provided on the floor surface 3 directly under the hoisting machine 6.   The hoisting machine 6 is attached to an arm 16 that is installed at the end of the floor surface 3 and can be swiveled in the horizontal direction, and the swiveling range of the arm 16 includes an edge of the floor surface 3 immediately below it. The tsunami evacuation tower according to claim 3, wherein the safety fence 4 that is set in a direction and faces the turning range of the arm 16 can be opened and closed.   The structure 10 is provided across the direction intersecting the road R, and the support column 1, the lateral frame 2 and the floor surface 3 are provided at positions where a space corresponding to the road building limit can be secured on the roadway directly below. The tsunami evacuation tower according to claim 1, wherein the tsunami evacuation tower is provided.   The tsunami evacuation tower according to claim 6, wherein any one of claims 3 to 5 is cited, wherein the hoisting machine 6 is provided on the floor 3 immediately above the road R. .   The tsunami evacuation tower according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the structure 10 is provided with a spiral slope from the ground G to the floor surface 3.   The tsunami evacuation tower according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the structure 10 is provided with steps and / or slopes from the floor 3 to the ground G at both ends of the road R.   When the photovoltaic power generation device 15 is installed in the structure 10 and the evacuation facility requires power, a part or all of the necessary power is supplied by the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation device 15. The tsunami evacuation tower according to claim 1, wherein the tsunami evacuation tower is provided.

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