JP2013147795A - Building for evacuation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To securely ensure an emergency evacuation destination in the case of a tsunami or flood, to prevent a building body from being destroyed or flooded, and to secure functions of the building body after the disaster.SOLUTION: There is provided a building 1 for evacuation that includes an outer peripheral pressure wall 2 which extends over the entire peripheral circumference, is taller than a set maximum water level for tsunami or flood, and has pressure withstanding performance against water pressure and a shock of an effusion, and a building body 3 which is provided inside the outer peripheral pressure wall 2 and has lifeline functions, and is used as an evacuation base after a tsunami sweeps.

Description

  The present invention relates to an evacuation building in the event of a flood such as a tsunami or river flooding.

  Conventionally, there are many cases where middle- and high-rise buildings higher than the maximum tsunami height assumed by the country have been designated as emergency evacuation destinations in coastal areas when large-scale tsunamis occur. As such a building, for example, a general building of a reinforced concrete structure that is not swept away by the water pressure of a tsunami is an object (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2009-221792 A

In the conventional evacuation building at the time of tsunami occurrence, the concrete structure itself (frame only) remains without being swept away by the tsunami. Therefore, it is required that the remaining evacuation building can be used as a base for reconstruction projects. It was done.
However, the evacuation building itself was damaged by flooding and destruction due to the tsunami, and the function as a building was lost. In other words, if the interior of a evacuated building that has been damaged is flooded or spilled and the desired residence is not possible, such as facilities such as electricity, gas, and water, and communication facilities to make the building function, Even if the lifeline such as electricity, gas, water, etc. to the building is restored, the function of the building itself is lost, making it difficult to carry out reconstruction activities based on the evacuation building as described above .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and can surely secure an emergency evacuation destination in the event of a tsunami or flood, and can prevent the building body from being destroyed or flooded. It aims at providing the building for evacuation which can ensure the function of a main body.

  In order to achieve the above object, the evacuation building according to the present invention is an evacuation building for use as an evacuation base at the time of occurrence of a tsunami or flood, and extends around the entire circumference in the tsunami or flood. The outer peripheral pressure-proof wall that is higher than the set maximum water level and has pressure resistance that can withstand the impact of water pressure and spilled material, and the building body that is provided inside the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall and has a lifeline function It is characterized by having.

In the present invention, the building body is surrounded all around by the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall having a predetermined pressure-resistant performance, and it is possible to prevent water from entering the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall in the event of a tsunami or flood. Damage to the main body of the building, such as flooding or destruction, can be suppressed. Therefore, the building body is effective as an emergency evacuation destination in the event of a tsunami or flood, and more reliable evacuation is possible.
In addition, the lifeline function of the building main body is maintained because the building main body remains in a state where damage is suppressed even after a disaster caused by a tsunami or the like. Therefore, the function of the building main body can be restored along with the restoration of the surrounding lifeline, and it is possible to take measures such as performing a reconstruction project based on the building main body remaining after the disaster.

  Moreover, in the building for evacuation according to the present invention, it is preferable that the outer wall of the building body is constituted by a first partition wall that is watertight throughout.

  According to the evacuation building of the present invention, the outer wall pressure barrier is temporarily destroyed because it has a double structure consisting of the outer wall pressure barrier and the first partition wall as a wall barrier structure against water pressure and spilled impact due to tsunami or flood. Even if water flows into the inner side of the lever, the building main body is protected by the first partition wall, and water can be prevented from entering the building. Therefore, the function of the building body as an evacuation site can be maintained, and the function of the building body can be maintained even after a disaster.

  Moreover, in the building for evacuation according to the present invention, a second partition wall that extends in the horizontal direction in the atrium space between the building main body and the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall and divides the atrium space vertically is provided. preferable.

  In this case, since the second partition wall is provided in addition to the outer periphery barrier wall as a barrier structure against water pressure and spilled impact due to tsunami or flood, the outer periphery barrier wall is temporarily destroyed and water is blown into the blowout space inside it. Inflow of water can be prevented from flowing into the upper side of the second partition wall, and damage to the building body can be suppressed. Therefore, the function of the building body as an evacuation site can be maintained, and the function of the building body can be maintained even after a disaster.

  Moreover, in the building for evacuation according to the present invention, it is preferable that an escape stairs extending to the upper floor of the building main body is provided in the atrium space between the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall and the building main body.

  In this case, since the evacuation stairs are provided outside the building body, the evacuation stairs in the atrium space can be used to evacuate to the evacuation space on the upper floor of the building body when a tsunami or flood occurs. Therefore, it is not necessary to open the entrance to the outer wall of the building body at the time of evacuation, and it is possible to keep the building body in a waterproof state. Inundation can be prevented.

  In the evacuation building according to the present invention, it is preferable that the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall has an outer peripheral surface formed in an arc shape in plan view.

  In this case, it is possible to reduce the resistance of water such as a tsunami at the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall, and there is an effect of reducing the burden on the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall.

  According to the evacuation building of the present invention, it is possible to reliably secure an emergency evacuation destination in the event of a tsunami or flood, and not only leave the building with reduced damage, but also prevent the building body from being destroyed or flooded. In this way, the lifeline of the building body can be maintained, the function of the building body after the disaster can be secured, and it can be used as a base for reconstruction activities.

It is a perspective view which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the building for evacuation by embodiment of this invention. It is a partially broken perspective view which shows the structure of the building for evacuation. It is a top view of an evacuation building, Comprising: It is the figure which abbreviate | omitted the roof evacuation part. It is a partially broken perspective view which shows the structure of the outer periphery pressure-proof wall of an evacuation building. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a building main body. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of an escape stairs and a rooftop escape part. It is a side view of an evacuation building, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. It is a side view of an evacuation building, and is a BB line sectional view shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, an evacuation building according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, an evacuation building 1 according to the present embodiment is disposed in a coastal area, and is a building that is used as an emergency evacuation destination when a large-scale tsunami occurs due to a huge earthquake, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the evacuation building 1 extends around the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, and has a pressure-resistant performance that is higher than the set maximum water level caused by the tsunami and that can withstand the impact of water pressure and spilled material. 2 and a building body 3 provided with a predetermined interval (blow-through space R) inside the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 and having a lifeline function.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is a cylindrical body having an elliptical shape (arc shape) in plan view, is erected on the ground, and has an assumed maximum tsunami height (ground The height dimension H (see FIG. 2) is higher, and the entire surface in the circumferential direction constitutes the wall surface. For example, when the assumed maximum tsunami height is 15 m, the height dimension H of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is set to 20 m or more. The outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is constituted by reinforced concrete (RC) or steel reinforced concrete (SRC), and in FIG. 3, a plurality of column members 21 made of H-shaped steel are arranged in the circumferential direction. Yes.

  Here, the thickness dimension of the outer periphery pressure-proof wall 2 is determined by the strength that can withstand the water pressure received by an assumed tsunami and the impact of effluent such as debris that is carried by the tsunami. Therefore, the thickness dimension does not need to be constant in the vertical direction, and may be configured to gradually increase in thickness as it goes downward.

The outer periphery pressure-proof wall 2 includes a daylighting portion 22 that is continuous in the vertical direction in a range of a part in the circumferential direction, and a pressure-resistant door 23 that can communicate with the inside on the first floor portion of the daylighting portion 22 is provided. In FIG. 2, the daylighting unit 22 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
As shown in FIG. 2, the daylighting portion 22 is a material that transmits light such as a reinforced glass block wall for introducing outside light to the inside of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2. Similarly, it has pressure resistance performance due to tsunami. The joining part of the lighting part 22 and the concrete wall part 24 is joined in a state in which sufficient water tightness is ensured. Further, the pressure-resistant door 23 can be closed in a watertight manner when a tsunami occurs, and can be opened in a normal state.

  The building body 3 has a rectangular shape in plan view and is provided on a plurality of floors higher than the outer pressure-proof wall 2, and a roof evacuation portion 31 (see FIG. 6) is provided on the roof portion (see FIG. 5). ). The outer wall 32 (first partition wall) of the building body 3 is made of RC or SRC that is watertight over the entire body, and has a thickness dimension and strength that can exert pressure resistance performance like the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2. ing.

In the blow-off space R outside the building body 3, the building body 3 extends in the vertical direction along two opposing outer walls 32 (two wall surfaces parallel to the short axis direction of the outer circumferential pressure-proof wall 2). An evacuation stairway 33 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) and an elevator 34 extending toward the upper floor are provided. Evacuation stairs 33 are provided at two places for each wall surface, and elevator 34 is provided only on one wall surface. A waterproof door 35 that can communicate with the escape stairs 33 is provided for each floor of the building body 3.
In addition, the outer wall 32 is provided with a lighting window (not shown) at an appropriate location, and the light taken from the outside into the atrium space R is further introduced into the room of the building body 3.

And as shown in FIG. 3, as for the building main body 3, the corner | angular part 3a of four corners is joined to the inner surface of the outer periphery pressure-proof wall 2. As shown in FIG. for that reason. The ventilating space R includes a first ventilating space R1 on the outer wall 32A side parallel to the major axis direction X of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 in the building body 3 and a second ventilating space R2 on the outer wall 32B side parallel to the minor axis direction Y. And are formed. These adjacent ventilating spaces R <b> 1 and R <b> 2 are partitioned in a watertight state by joining the building body 3 and the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2.
This blow-off space R is taken from the upper end opening 2a of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 and is ventilated.

As shown in FIG. 8, the first atrium space R <b> 1 is a space in which no equipment is arranged and communicates in the vertical direction, and direct lighting from the daylighting portion 22 of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 to the building body 3. It is possible.
Further, in the first blow-off space R1, a horizontal partition wall 4 (second partition wall, FIG. 3) that extends in the horizontal direction at the position between the first floor portion F1 and the second floor portion F2 and divides the blow-off space vertically. (Hatched portion). That is, the first blow-off space R1 is divided and partitioned by the horizontal partition 4 in a state where the upper and lower spaces are watertight. The horizontal partition 4 also has pressure resistance that can withstand the water pressure according to the assumed maximum tsunami, like the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 and the outer wall 32 of the building body 3.

  The second atrium space R2 is a space that accommodates the above-described evacuation stairs 33 and elevator 34, and can enter and exit from the floor stairs 33 and the elevator 34 through the waterproof doors 35 shown in FIG. is there.

  The pressure-resistant door 23 of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is provided so as to communicate with the second blow-off space R2.

Next, the operation of the evacuation building 1 having the above-described configuration will be described in detail based on the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the evacuation building 1 of the present embodiment, the building body 3 is surrounded by the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 having a predetermined pressure resistance performance, and when a tsunami occurs In this case, it is possible to prevent water from entering the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 and to suppress damage to the building main body 3 such as inundation or destruction. Therefore, the building body 3 is effective as an emergency evacuation destination when a tsunami occurs, and more reliable evacuation is possible.
In addition, since the building main body 3 remains in a state in which damage is suppressed even after the damage caused by the tsunami, the lifeline function of the building main body 3 is maintained. Therefore, the function of the building main body 3 can be recovered along with the restoration of the surrounding lifeline, and it is possible to take measures such as performing a reconstruction project based on the building main body 3 remaining after the disaster.

  In addition, since the outer wall 32 of the building body 3 is provided in a watertight manner throughout, the double wall structure composed of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 and the outer wall 32 is used as a barrier structure against water pressure and spilled impact caused by the tsunami. Even if the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is broken and water flows into the inside thereof, the building body 3 is protected by the outer wall 32, and water intrusion into the building can be prevented. Therefore, the function of the building body 3 as an evacuation site can be maintained, and the function of the building body 3 can be maintained even after a disaster.

  In addition, in the evacuation building 1, a horizontal partition wall 4 that vertically divides the first blow-off space R <b> 1 is provided in addition to the outer peripheral pressure barrier wall 2 as a barrier structure against water pressure and spilled impact caused by a tsunami. Even if the pressure wall 2 is destroyed and water flows into the blow-through space R inside, the inflow of water to the upper side of the horizontal partition wall 4 is prevented, and damage to the building body 3 can be suppressed. Therefore, the function of the building body 3 as an evacuation site can be maintained, and the function of the building body 3 can be maintained even after a disaster.

  Moreover, since the escape staircase 33 is provided in the second atrium space R2 outside the building body 3, the rooftop of the upper floor of the building body 3 using the escape staircase 33 in the second atrium space R2 when a tsunami occurs The evacuation unit 31 can be evacuated. Therefore, it is possible to keep the building body 3 in a waterproof state without opening the doorway to the outer wall 32 of the building body 3 at the time of evacuation, so even if water flows into the inner side of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2, It is possible to prevent the inside of the building body 3 from being flooded.

  Moreover, since the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is formed in an arc shape in plan view, the resistance of tsunami water at the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 can be reduced, and the burden received by the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is reduced. Can be reduced.

  As described above, the evacuation building according to the present embodiment can ensure an emergency evacuation destination in the event of a tsunami or flood, and not only leave the building with reduced damage but also the destruction of the building body 3 By preventing flooding, the lifeline of the building body 3 can be maintained, and the function of the building body 3 after the disaster can be secured and used as a base for reconstruction activities.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of the evacuation building by this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning, it can change suitably.
For example, the evacuation building of the present invention is not limited to being newly established, and can also be applied to existing buildings. For example, it is possible to construct an outer peripheral pressure-proof wall corresponding to the maximum water level height and water pressure set around an existing high-rise building (building).

Moreover, the shape of the outer periphery pressure-proof wall 2 is not limited to an elliptical shape in plan view, and may be, for example, a circular shape, a rectangular shape, or another shape. The shape of the building body in plan view is not particularly limited.
Furthermore, it is not limited to the height of the outer periphery pressure-proof wall 2 and the building body 3. In short, it is only necessary that the height of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2 is set to be larger than the maximum water level (tsunami height) assumed. Therefore, it is possible to make the building body 3 the same height as the outer peripheral pressure barrier wall 2.

In the present embodiment, the roof evacuation part 31 is provided separately from the building body 3 having the first partition wall (outer wall 32). However, the roof evacuation part 31 can be omitted.
Moreover, the space | interval between the outer periphery pressure-proof wall 2 and the building main body 3, ie, the width of the blow-off space R, can be set suitably.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the daylighting portion 22 is provided in a part of the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall 2, but the configuration of the shape, size, position, member, etc. of the daylighting portion 22 can be appropriately set. It can be omitted. For example, it can arrange | position according to the structure of the building main body 3, for example, the position of an opening window.

  Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which does not provide the horizontal partition 4 in 1st blow-off space R1, and the position of the horizontal partition 4 is not a position between the 1st floor part F1 and the 2nd floor part F2 like this Embodiment, Other positions in the height direction (for example, between the second floor portion and the third floor portion) may be used. Furthermore, the horizontal partition 4 may be provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction instead of one stage.

  In this embodiment, the tsunami is an application target of the evacuation building 1. However, the evacuation building 1 may be used not only for the tsunami but also for floods caused by flooding of rivers and the like due to heavy rain.

  In addition, it is possible to appropriately replace the components in the above-described embodiments with known components without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 Evacuation building 2 Outer peripheral pressure barrier 3 Building body 4 Horizontal bulkhead (second bulkhead)
22 Daylighting part 23 Pressure-resistant door 31 Roof evacuation part 32 Outer wall (first partition)
33 Evacuation stairs 34 Elevator 35 Water resistant doors R, R1, R2

Claims (5)

An evacuation building for use as an evacuation site in the event of a tsunami or flood,
An outer periphery pressure-proof wall that extends over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, has a pressure resistance that is higher than the set maximum water level due to a tsunami or flood, and can withstand impacts caused by water pressure or spillage,
A building body provided inside the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall and having a lifeline function;
An evacuation building characterized by comprising:   2. The evacuation building according to claim 1, wherein an outer wall of the building main body is constituted by a first partition wall provided in a watertight manner throughout.   3. A second partition wall is provided that extends in a horizontal direction in a blow-off space between the building main body and the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall and divides the blow-off space vertically. The evacuation building described in 1.   The escape space between the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall and the building main body is provided with an escape staircase extending to an upper floor of the building main body. Evacuation building.   The evacuation building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer peripheral pressure-proof wall has an outer peripheral surface formed in an arc shape in a plan view.

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