JP2015021225A - Tsunami shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that: when assuming destructive force of a large tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake of some years ago, further enhancement is required against the intensity of such destructive force.SOLUTION: A tsunami shelter is comprised of: a rectangular steel shell box body capable of floating with the water level of a tsunami; and a pedestal base consisting of a pair of columns for vertically guiding the steel shell box body arranged near a pair of both side faces facing each other of the steel shell box body. A continuous concavity is provided in a vertical direction of each side face of the pedestal base facing the side face of the steel shell box body, and a protrusion fitted into the concavity in a proximity state is provided on each side face of the steel shell box body.

Description

  The present invention relates to a tsunami shelter that evacuates when a tsunami arrives due to an earthquake and reduces human damage.

In recent years, there have been many major earthquakes in eastern Japan, and many people have been killed or injured due to earthquakes or tsunamis. The cause of many casualties has been bruised heads, etc. with driftwood, etc. is there.
In order not to meet the tsunami disaster, it is necessary to evacuate to a safe place as soon as possible, but there is not enough time to evacuate to high ground etc. when the place of the earthquake is near, and evacuation facilities are required near to you. . In particular, elderly people and people with disabilities cannot evacuate to high ground.

  Therefore, a tsunami shelter has been proposed that floats on the sea surface when a tsunami arrives (Patent Document 1). In the normal state, the shelter body is placed in a pedestal that guides the shelter. When the tsunami arrives, the shelter body floats in the pedestal as the sea level rises.

JP 2011-106142 A (see FIG. 1)

However, the strut that guards and guides the shelter of Patent Document 1 is composed of a plurality of steel sheet piles. However, when the destructive power of a large tsunami of the recent Great East Japan Earthquake is assumed, further strengthening of the strength is a problem. It has become.

  Therefore, the present invention devised and provides a tsunami shelter that does not damage the tsunami shelter even if a large drifting object comes into contact with or collides with a large tsunami, or that does not easily affect the steel shell box even if it is destroyed. Aimed to do.

In the present invention, first, a rectangular steel shell box that can be levitated by the water level of a tsunami, and the steel shell box that is disposed in the vicinity of one opposite side surfaces of the steel shell box are arranged vertically. It consists of a pedestal consisting of a pair of struts that guide to
A concave portion that is continuous in the vertical direction on the side surface of the pedestal facing the side surface of the steel shell box is provided, and a convex portion that fits in the proximity to the concave portion is provided on the side surface of the steel shell box. .

  According to the present invention, secondly, the distal end portion of the pedestal has an acute angle or a curved shape at least with respect to the arrival and pulling direction of the tsunami, and both rear side surfaces that are continuous with the distal end portion in plan view are the steel. It is characterized by being formed on the same plane as the other side surface of the shell box.

  Thirdly, the present invention is characterized in that the pedestal is constituted by combining a plurality of steel pipe sheet piles and a plurality of steel sheet piles.

  Fourthly, the present invention is characterized in that a guide steel plate is attached to a plurality of steel pipe sheet piles and a plurality of steel sheet piles on the side surface of the column that guides the steel shell box in the vertical direction.

The tsunami shelter according to the present invention includes a rectangular steel shell box that can be levitated by the water level of the tsunami, and the steel shell box that is disposed in close proximity to one of the opposing side surfaces of the steel shell box in the vertical direction. Consists of a pedestal consisting of a pair of guides to guide,
Along with a tsunami, a concave portion that is continuous in the vertical direction on the side surface of the pedestal facing the side surface of the steel shell box is provided, and a convex portion that fits in close proximity to the concave portion is provided on the side surface of the steel shell box. Even if a large drifting object that is washed away collides with or comes into contact with the pedestal, the part that guides the steel shell box in the vertical direction is positioned inside the support column, and the end that is closer to the rear than the tip of the pedestal Changes from a triangular shape to a thick rectangular shape, and is not easily affected by the guide, and the guide is unlikely to be bent.

Since the tip of the pedestal of the present invention has an acute angle or curved shape at least with respect to the arrival and pulling direction of the tsunami, even if the impact of the tsunami that has been pushed in is large, the energy is smoothly dispersed.
In addition, the rear side surfaces connected to the tip portion in plan view are formed so as to be flush with the other side surface of the steel shell box so that the tsunami flow is smooth and vortices are generated. It is difficult to reduce the influence of the tsunami on the shelter.

  The pedestal of the present invention is configured by combining a plurality of steel pipe sheet piles and a plurality of steel sheet piles, in particular, the steel pipe sheet pile has a large vertical support force and bending durability, and a large horizontal resistance during an earthquake. Power can be expected.

  Uniform surface that facilitates the guide to the steel pipe sheet piles and the steel sheet piles having a large vertical support force and bending durability on the side surface of the column that guides the steel shell box of the present invention in the vertical direction. By attaching the guide steel plate, the steel shell box was easily floated in the vertical direction.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a tsunami shelter according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the steel shell box. FIG. 3 is an overall plan view in which the tip of the tsunami shelter pedestal has an acute angle. FIG. 4 is a part of a plan view in which the tip of the base of the tsunami shelter is also semicircular. FIG. 5 is a front view of the tsunami shelter. FIG. 6 is a side view of the tsunami shelter. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a prior art tsunami shelter.

    Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment shown below exemplifies a tsunami shelter for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and is not intended to specify the present invention, and is included in the scope of the claims. It is equally applicable to those of other embodiments.

First, description will be given based on an external perspective view of the tsunami shelter 1 of the present invention shown in FIG.
The tsunami shelter 1 includes a steel shell box 4 that can be levitated by the water level of the tsunami, and a pair that guides the steel shell box 4 in the vertical direction in the vicinity of the opposite side surfaces of the steel shell box 4. And the pedestal 2 composed of the support columns 13.

  An openable entrance 3 is provided on the outer wall of the steel shell box 4. Depending on the size of the steel shell box 4, another entrance may be provided on the outer wall on the opposite side. Or it can also be in two places on the same outer wall.

A hatch 11 is provided on the ceiling wall 9. By making the hatch material glass or plastic that is resistant to impact and pressure, it is possible to make it easier to confirm externally whether driftwood or the like is placed on the upper part of the steel shell box 4.

  In order to obtain a certain space in which safety can be ensured even if a person or a suspended object becomes an underlay when the steel shell box 4 is lifted by a tsunami between the opposing support pillars 13 of the pedestal 2 and returns to its original state, A mounting table 19 can also be provided inside the lower part.

  A method of guiding the steel shell box 4 in the vertical direction will be described with reference to FIG.

    The tsunami shelter 1 will be installed not only on the ground but also in evacuated buildings and evacuation towers that have been designated as tsunami evacuation destinations and have become insufficient due to the recent tsunami height review. You can also.

FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the steel shell box 4, which covers the floor wall 10 having a predetermined area, the outer walls 5, 6, 7, 8 standing upright from the floor wall and the top of the outer wall. It consists of a rectangular steel shell box surrounded by the ceiling wall 9 and having a space of a predetermined volume inside, and maintains an airtight state when sealed.
Thereby, since the said steel-shell box 4 can maintain a sealed state at the time of closing, safety can be ensured even if this steel-shell box 4 is temporarily submerged by the tsunami exceeding an assumption.

  In addition, in order to check the outside situation, it is possible to provide a window having impact resistance and pressure resistance at a predetermined place on the side wall. (Not shown)

If handrail staircases that go up to the ceiling wall 9 are provided outside the outer walls 5 and 7 of the steel shell box 4, even if a tsunami strikes during the evacuation, the entrance is closed and the evacuation is performed after the closure. The person who has come up can climb up onto the steel shell box 4 using the handrail stairs and evacuate into the steel shell box 4 using the hatch 11. (Not shown)

  In addition, a wheelchair fixture, a seat belt, a compressed air cylinder, drinking water, food and the like are maintained and stored in the steel shell box 4 as necessary.

  Further, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the steel shell box 4, there is a method of reinforcing and remodeling based on a marine transport refrigeration container whose structure, strength and manufacturing technique are well known.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the tsunami shelter 1.
A pair of rectangular steel shell boxes 4 that can be levitated by the water level of the tsunami, and a pair of guides that vertically guide the steel shell boxes 4 that are disposed in close proximity to the opposite sides of the steel shell box 4. It is comprised with the base 2 which consists of the support | pillar 13.

  The tip of the pedestal 2 is formed with an acute bent portion 17 toward the outer side of the steel shell box 4, and the bent portion is arranged in the arrival direction of the tsunami and the pulling direction of the tsunami, and when the tsunami arrives The impact is smoothly distributed.

  The support column 13 constituting the pedestal 2 is formed by combining a plurality of steel pipe sheet piles and a plurality of steel sheet piles. In particular, the steel pipe sheet pile has a large vertical support force and bending durability, and a large horizontal level during an earthquake. A resistance force can be expected, and FIG. 4 uses a steel sheet pile as an example of a shape in which the pedestal tip is curved.

  Further, the rear side surface of the bent portion 17 of the support column 13 is formed on the same plane as the other side surface of the steel shell box 4 as shown in FIG. 3, and when the tsunami arrives, The effect on the side of the tsunami shelter is made as small as possible by making it difficult to create a vortex.

  In the preceding case, the boundary between the pedestal and the evacuation container becomes a guide, which forms a protrusion, and the protrusion causes a vortex, etc. There was a possibility that the evacuation container could not float due to deformation such as bending, but the part that guides the steel shell box 4 in the vertical direction was positioned inside the column, and from the tip of the base 2 The rear end portion is changed from a triangular shape to a thick rectangular shape, and the horizontal resistance is increased. The guide is hardly affected by the guide, and is resistant to breakage such as bending.

In addition, the steel pipe sheet pile constituting the support column 13 or the portion surrounded by the steel sheet pile has a hollow inside, and when a large drifting object comes into contact, even if the outer wall of the support column is bent and damaged, the bending strength is large. The influence on the part close to the steel shell box 4 is reduced, and the safety level is increased.
When the assumed drifting object is not large, the column unit 13 may be integrated by hardening with concrete or putting crushed stone (ballast). (Not shown)

  The steel sheet piles 12, 12, 12,. You can make it.

  The method of guiding the steel shell box 4 in the vertical direction is guided by the guide struts in contact with the two opposite corners of the evacuation container in the preceding case. However, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a concave portion continuous in the vertical direction inside the side surface of the pedestal facing the side surface of the steel shell box 4 is provided, and the steel By providing the side surface of the shell box 4 with a convex portion that fits in close proximity to the concave portion, the guide portion is positioned on the inner side, and the degree of safety is increased.

    Moreover, the shape of the support | pillar 13 can also make the isosceles part of an isosceles triangle, or a semicircular part into a concave shape not only the rectangular concave shape toward the inner side of this support | pillar shown in figure.

  As a method of smoothly guiding the steel shell box 4 in the vertical direction, a guide steel plate 14 is attached to all or a part of the side surface of the pillar adjacent to the steel shell box 4. An effect can be heightened more by providing the roller 20 on the upper and lower sides.

5 and 6 are a front view and a side view of the tsunami shelter.
The struts 14 and 14 for guiding the raising and lowering of the steel shell box 4 are extended in the vertical direction. When the water level rises, it rises within the range of the length 15 that hangs upward due to buoyancy, and the water level decreases. Then, it descends along the columns 14 and 14.
A stopper may be provided to prevent the steel shell box 4 from rising above a specified value and to prevent the steel shell box 4 from flowing away from the pedestal 2 to the sea.

As a method, a stopper is attached to the upper part of the recessed portion of the guide of the support, or a chain between the bottom part of the steel shell box 4 and the base part of the pedestal so that the steel shell box 4 does not rise above a specified value. There is a way to attach.
Considering that there is a case where the stopper is intentionally removed, the latter method which can be released from the steel shell box 4 is preferable.

  When the steel box 4 rises due to the tsunami and returns to its original position, a mounting base 19 can be provided inside the lower portion of the guide 14 in order to obtain a certain space that can ensure safety even if a person or a suspended object becomes an underlay. .

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a safe tsunami shelter that can reduce the influence of the tsunami on the shelter even if it contacts or collides with a large drifting object caused by the tsunami. Because there are two ways, people who have been evacuated can be rescued, and the roof of the steel shell box has room for accommodation and can respond flexibly.

According to the present invention, a safe and safe tsunami shelter can be provided at a low price even when a large tsunami arrives.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tsunami shelter 2 Base 3 Entrance / exit 4 Steel shell box 5 Front side wall 6 Left side wall 7 Rear side wall 8 Right side wall 9 Ceiling wall 10 Floor wall 11 Evacuation hatch 12 Steel sheet pile 121 Steel pipe sheet pile 13 Support column 14 Guide 15 Above the top of pedestal Length to the part 17 Bent part 18 Angle of the bent part 19 Mounting base 20 Roller

Claims (4)

It consists of a square steel shell box that can be levitated by the water level of the tsunami, and a pair of pillars that guide the steel shell box arranged in the vertical direction in close proximity to the opposite sides of the steel shell box. Consisting of a pedestal,
A concave portion that is continuous in the vertical direction on the side surface of the pedestal facing the side surface of the steel shell box is provided, and a convex portion that fits in the proximity to the concave portion is provided on the side surface of the steel shell box. Tsunami shelter.   The tip of the pedestal has an acute angle or a curved shape with respect to at least the arrival and pulling direction of the tsunami, and the both side surfaces near the tip in the plan view are the other side of the steel shell box. The tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein the tsunami shelter is formed in the same plane.   The tsunami shelter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pedestal is configured by combining a plurality of steel pipe sheet piles and a plurality of steel sheet piles.   The tsunami shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a guide steel plate is attached to a plurality of steel pipe sheet piles and a plurality of steel sheet piles on a side surface of the column that guides the steel shell box in the vertical direction.

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