JP2006322301A - Inundation resistant building and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inundation resistant building and its construction method, without causing inundation, by floating the building, even if a tidal wave and a typhoon high tide are caused. <P>SOLUTION: This construction method of the inundation resistant building is constituted so that a pedestal having strength for supporting aerial weight of a floating body is arranged on a foundation upper surface for burying the most part in the ground; the floating body is placed on the pedestal; a maintenance passage capable of introducing a lift jack lower than the pedestal is formed between the pedestal and the pedestal; the floating body floats only vertically upward by buoyancy by flooding of the floating body between the floating body and a foundation, and has an anchor device for checking flowing in the horizontal direction; next, three or more of lift jacks are introduced into the maintenance passage; the floating body is synchronously lifted with its jack lifts, and surface treatment processing of a floating body bottom part is performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a flooded building that protects human lives and valuable assets from floods such as a large tsunami caused by a large earthquake, a typhoon storm surge, or a flood due to concentrated heavy rain, and a method for constructing the flooded building.

December 26, 2004 A major underwater earthquake off the coast of Malaysia caused a major flood in the coastal areas of the Indian Ocean coastal countries, resulting in delayed transmission of information. Came out.
There were no evacuation facilities for tsunami damage in the traditional coastal areas, and there was no other way than evacuating to the upper floors of mounds and high-rise buildings.
Governments and local governments concerned with tsunami damage are now developing software to predict the occurrence of major earthquakes and how to detect tsunamis as soon as possible, and to communicate to many people. Focus on construction.
The quickest way to escape to a small mountain or high-rise building is a way to stop damage.
However, there are many rural areas where there are many plains where there are no mountains and high-rise buildings, and there are many coastal areas where it is difficult to evacuate quickly because the time is far away.
Along with the construction of information transmission and communication means for generating tsunamis, it is extremely important to develop hardware and equipment such as equipment and facilities as means for evacuation when encountering a tsunami.
In addition, due to typhoon storm surges that hit several times a year and river flood damage due to torrential rain, people living in the lowland have suffered enormous human property damage every year due to storm surge inundation and flood inundation.

In Japan, the possibility of the Nankai and Tonankai earthquakes at the beginning of this century is high, so a tower-type shelter with a steel structure of more than 10 meters has been proposed.
However, there is a question as to whether a large number of men and women of all ages can climb a refuge at a height of more than a dozen meters using stairs within a short time. Since there is no guarantee that the height is within a few dozen meters, it has not yet reached the stage of popularization.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a flooded building capable of escaping difficulty just by entering an evacuated building installed on a flat ground without climbing a height of dozens of meters during evacuation.
In addition, since the frequency of use of the building against the tsunami of the present invention is very close to zero and it is extremely rare to use it as a tsunami evacuation building, it is an object to provide a flooded building that can be used for multiple purposes other than for evacuation. And

Another object of the present invention is to provide an inundation-ready building that can support lifesaving in any high water level tsunami of more than a dozen meters or more, for example, a hundred meters or more.
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide general buildings and residential houses that are free from the risk of inundation and flooding due to storm surges and river flooding floods that frequently hit tsunamis.
Still another object of the present invention is to propose disclosure of a new construction method for the flooded building.

Constructed so that people can live on a floating body in a floating structure that protects human life and movable property against storm surges such as tsunami, typhoon and river flooding, etc. A featured flood-resistant building.
1. A plurality of pedestals having the strength to support the air weight of the floating body are provided on the upper surface of the foundation, most of which are buried in the ground, and the floating body is placed on the pedestal.
2. A maintenance passage that can introduce a lift jack lower than the base is formed between the base and the base.
3. The floating body floats only vertically upward due to the buoyancy of the floating body between the floating body and the foundation, but includes an anchor device that prevents horizontal flow.

Next, the anchor device described in 3 above is configured such that the guide member having a wall surface structure that extends vertically upward integrally with the foundation, and the four sides of the floating body are in contact with each other via a gap member. (Hereinafter referred to as a guide member type anchor device.)
Further, the anchor device described in the above 3 is a structure in which the anchor pole is integrally formed with the floating body and extends vertically downward from the floating body, and the pole hole drilled in the foundation, and the lower end of the anchor pole is inserted into the pole hole. is there. (Hereafter referred to as pole type anchor device)
Next, in the above-described submerged floating structure, the submerged floating body is characterized in that three or more jack lifts are introduced into the maintenance passage, the jack lifts are moved up and down synchronously, and the surface treatment of the bottom of the floating body is performed. It is a construction method of buildings.

It is equipped with an evacuation floating body that protects human lives and movable property against floods such as tsunamis, typhoons, and river floods, and is constructed so that evacuees evacuate on the floating body based on the flood information.
In addition, in response to droughts that are frequently flooded due to typhoon storm surges, river floods, etc., we will provide safe general buildings that do not flood and inundated buildings that provide residential housing spaces.

The present invention constructs a solid foundation, most of which is buried underground with concrete at the necessary construction site, forms a pedestal on the upper surface of the foundation, and is a floating structure of a trolley structure on the pedestal Is simply placed.
Next, a maintenance passage which is lower than the upper surface of the pedestal and into which the jack lift can be introduced is formed between the pedestals.
Next, while the floating body floats only vertically upward between the floating body and the foundation, an anchor device configured to prevent horizontal movement by the flow velocity of the flooding is provided.

Next, the anchor device has a wall body guide member (65) that is integrated with the foundation and extends vertically upward, and the four sides of the floating body contact each other through the gap member (66), and the floating body floats vertically upward due to water immersion. However, the guide member type anchor device is configured to prevent horizontal flow. (Hereinafter referred to as a guide member type anchor device.)
In addition, the anchor device has an anchor pole (2) provided integrally with the floating body and a pole hole (3) drilled in the foundation, and the lower end of the anchor pole is inserted into the pole hole. The floating body is a pole-type anchor device that is constructed so that the floating body floats only vertically above when hovering and is prevented from horizontal movement by running water to act as an anchor. (Hereafter referred to as pole type anchor device)

Further, regarding the method for constructing the floating body, the structure is such that three or more jack lifts are introduced into the maintenance passage, and the floating body on the pedestal is subjected to surface treatment processing of the bottom surface and the side surface of the floating body by the synchronous lifting operation of the jack lift. did.
The tsunami often causes the first wave to rise, the water level to rise, then suddenly becomes a tidal current, and the destroyed parts of the land are removed to the sea, and then the second and third storm surges often arrive.
The anchor action of the guide member type anchor device is that the floating body floats vertically upward due to water level rise due to inundation and a large force acts in the downstream direction of flowing water, but the floating body side face is pushed and flowed by the downstream guide member. Absent.

Next, when the tide occurs, the direction of the flowing water is reversed, and the force that flows in the direction opposite to the above acts on the floating body, but it is not pressed against the downstream guide member.
If the inundation height is abnormally high and the bottom of the floating body side surface and the guide member are removed, the anchoring action will be lost and the floating body will be tampered with by the water flow, but it will not subside and sink unless the floating body collides with the structure etc. There is a high possibility that human lives will be saved on the ground as they descend.
In the case of a pole-type anchor device, if the height of the storm surge is within the length of the anchor pole, the floating body moves up and down with the water level without being swept away, and if the water level drops, the floating body is placed in its original position. The

When the water level rises further, the floating body rises and the lower end of the anchor pole comes out of the pole hole, the anchoring action stops and the floating body is washed away by tidal current and flood water.
The floating body becomes free when the anchor pole is suspended. In this case as well, the floating body is tampered with in the flow, but it does not sink and sinks, and there is a high possibility that human life on the floating body will be saved.
Next, when the anchor device is equipped with a guide member type and a pole type, the anchor pole height can be made higher than the height of the floating body side surface, and it can cope with high water level flooding. The floating body can be prevented from moving by the anchor action of the anchor pole and the pole hole even if it is off.

In the case of river flooding, it is said that the first inundation flow velocity of the first wave is high and the destructive force is large as a shock wave. In the case of a tsunami storm surge, the second to third waves may be faster than the first wave and the destructive force may be greater. However, the flow velocity at the time of shallow water depth is faster and the inundation proceeds and the flow velocity increases as the water depth increases. It is said to be slow.
Conveniently when the above two types of anchor devices are installed, the guide member type anchoring action is pressed by the flow velocity over a large area, so the anchoring action is strong, the water depth becomes deep, the flowing water speed decreases, and the pole type Although it is structurally weak due to the anchor device, it is possible to use an anchor action that can cope with a high water level.

Further, the inundation-compatible building of the present invention is a land-based building, and there is a fate that a large floating body must be built by local construction in an urban area where a large facility such as a shipyard cannot be used.
Therefore, it was necessary to develop special construction means and methods in order to construct huge floating bodies and buildings with small equipment that can be easily moved.
The present invention is inserted into a maintenance passage provided with a large number of movable small jack lifts, and three or more to several hundreds of jack lifts are synchronized so that the entire floating body is moved up and down in the vertical direction as it is. We will develop and provide construction methods for welding and surface treatment from the outside of the bottom and sides.

The above-mentioned known tsunami evacuation device recently proposed is a tower with a steel structure with a height of several tens of meters, and is provided with an evacuation platform with handrails of about 5 meters square on the top and ascending and descending stairs.
It is extremely difficult and time-consuming for a large number of people, more than 100 people, to go up the stairs of a few dozen meters promptly after receiving tsunami information.
In the inundated building of the present invention, the hull that floats on the water surface receives a buoyancy equal to the weight of water of a volume below the waterline at the bottom of the hull due to the condition for the floating body to float, that is, Archimedes' theorem.
(It is a building constructed on land, but when it is inundated, it becomes a ship that floats on the water, and vessel terms such as deck are also used below for easy understanding.)

The pontoon type floating body used in the inundated building according to the present invention has a ship bottom area that is almost equal to the deck in terms of structural features, and is filled with a flat hull structure with a shallow draft and extremely low height to obtain the required buoyancy. To do.
Therefore, the height of the floating body is extremely low when evacuating on the floating body, and an elevating passage can be arranged on the front and rear side surfaces of the floating body, and a large number of people can board at the same time when going up and down the stairs.
Furthermore, the present invention has a structure in which the foundation has a side wall and a bottom surface, the container-shaped foundation is buried below the ground, and the height of the bottom surface is lowered below the ground, so that a floating body is placed on the bottom surface. Yes, the height of the floating deck is the same as that of the ground GL and can be set freely, so there is no need to climb to a high place by stairs.
Therefore, a large number of personnel can be evacuated in a short time compared to the tower-type refuge described above.

Furthermore, the frequency of use of this evacuation floating body is only once every few years or hundreds of years. For this purpose, it can be used not only for evacuation of tsunamis and typhoons, but also for purposes other than evacuation at all times. It is desirable to use multi-purpose equipment, so that land and equipment can be used effectively.
In other words, even if the pontoon floating body is installed and occupies a certain area of land, the pontoon floating body will be dedicated to the plane area of the container-type foundation that enters below the ground and into which the pontoon floating body enters.
In addition, a passage from the deck to the inside of the floating hull can be provided to effectively use the volume below the deck as a basement.
It is possible to provide ordinary homes that can be equipped with almost all buildings, such as gathering halls, hotels, restaurants, kindergartens, schools, residential houses, etc.

When used for tsunami evacuation, even if a rapid seawater level rises and a tide with a high flow velocity from the sea to the land occurs, the anchor device provided between the reinforced concrete foundation integrated with the earth ground and the floating body The floating body is fixed by the anchoring action and is not carried away by the tidal current.
As the water level rises, the floating body rises by receiving buoyancy from the submerged water, but rises vertically upward without being swept away by the anchor action of the anchor device.
In a storm surge such as a tsunami, the water that has flowed from the sea to the land will then flow rapidly from the land to the sea. In this case as well, the floating body is prevented from moving in the horizontal direction by the anchor device, and the floating body itself is returned to the original position without being moved down to the ocean as the water descends. Is protected.

When the water surface of the tsunami is extremely high and the anchoring device stops working, the floating body becomes free and is tampered with the movement of the seawater.
However, in this case as well, the floating body will not sink unless it collides with a large structure on land, etc., and as long as the person is on board, the human life on board is protected.

The present inventor has filed an invention and device of the same kind as the present invention in the prior application as follows.
1, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-137
2, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-4065 “Water Vessel Evacuated Ship”
3, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-12248 "Floating-flooring type building"
4, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-16873 “Floating Structure”
5, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-21277 “Taiwan Type Floating Structure”
6, Actual application 2005-571 "Floating building"
7, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-34075 “Floating Buildings”
8, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-45533 “Floating Building for Flooding and its Construction Method”
9, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-72728 “Building that does not flood and its construction method”
10, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-95126 “Non-immersed Building and its Construction Method”
11, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-122429 “How to build non-immersed buildings”

The present invention relates to a further improvement of the above-described invention and device, and has been created in consideration of maintenance while expanding the range of use more specifically and practically.
In addition, the present invention takes into consideration the specific manufacturing method of the present invention, and provides a building suitable for flooding and its construction method by improving the construction suitable for the manufacturing method.
The present invention particularly relates to a construction method of a pontoon type floating body at a construction site, and all of the trolleys have been used in shipyards such as large cranes that can be lifted and moved by several tens of tons or more, rail-type pontoons, or floating docks. It was a construction.
The present invention is an inland land building that does not have facilities like a shipyard, and once construction is completed, the construction site will change one after another. I had to create a construction method.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following example illustrates one aspect for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the example.

FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view for explaining the construction of the flooded building (10) of the present invention and the operating principle during flooding.
The foundation (4) made of reinforced concrete is mostly buried in the ground, with a bottom structure (18) and a container structure pool type with side walls (15) on all sides, and the upper surface of the side walls is slightly higher than the ground (9). ing.
Three cuboid pedestals (5) are formed on the bottom surface (18), and pole holes (3) into which anchor poles (2) described later are inserted are drilled in the four corners of the pedestal.

A maintenance passage (6) is formed between the pedestal (5) and the pedestal in the same plane as the bottom surface (18), and a hydraulic cylinder type jack lift (8) is placed. As will be described later, the jack lift is a device for jacking up the floating body (1).
A hollow floating body (1) having a bottom plate, four side surfaces, and an upper surface made of a plate material such as a steel plate has a load table (11) provided therein and anchor poles (2) integrally pivoted at four corners.
The anchor pole (2) is a telescope type and expands and contracts vertically downward. In the drawing, the anchor pole (2) extends and the lower end is inserted into the pole hole (3).

The pedestal (5) of the foundation (4) has a load-bearing force that supports all the aerial weight of the floating body (1) and the building built on it, and the normal floating body (1) is placed on the pedestal.
FIG. 1 shows the situation during flooding, the water level rises to the water surface line (14), the floating body (1) rises, the anchor pole (2) extends downward, and only the tip of the pole hole (3) is at the upper end. It is in contact with the part.
The floating body (1) rises due to inundation such as a tsunami, typhoon storm surge, river flooding, and the floating body (1) is pushed by the horizontal direction due to the flow velocity, but the floating body (1) is not washed away.

  The anchor pole (2) integrated with the floating body (1) receives a large force that flows in the direction of flowing water together with the floating body (1), but the anchor pole (2) and the pole hole (3) come into contact with the pole hole (3). The force acts on the foundation (4), but the foundation (4) integrated with the earth ground is immobile and the floating body (1) is not washed away.

The floating body (1) moves up and down as the water level rises and descends without being driven by the anchoring action of the anchor pole (2) and the pole hole (3), and the anchor pole shrinks if storm surges are finally drawn. The floating body (1) is placed in the original position.
When the flooded water level is abnormally high and the lower end of the anchor pole (2) comes out of the pole hole (3), the floating body (1) is tampered with the flow with the anchor pole (2) suspended.
The floating body (1) has a flat plate shape and a very stable structure on the water surface. However, when the anchor pole (2) is suspended, the center of gravity moves downward and the stability is further improved.
Therefore, unless the pontoon type floating body collides with the structure and breaks and floods, it does not sink and the building and the person on the floating body are protected.

Moreover, even if the pontoon type floating body (1) is damaged and inundated, the inundation usually occurs after a considerable period of time, and the storm surge damage is often completed by that time.
If the water level is low and the land is flat without any obstacles, the anchor pole (2) is contracted while the floating body (1) is left as it is, and placed at that position.

Next, the construction method at the construction site of the flooded building (10) of the present invention will be described in detail.
In particular, the floating body (1) is a barge type ship, and has been constructed in a shipyard equipped with facilities such as a large crane, a rail deck and a floating dock.
After completion of flooding, the floating body of the flooded building of the present invention is basically different from that constructed at the construction site and installed for many years at the construction site.

Once construction was completed, construction sites changed one after another, and new construction methods and structural changes appropriate for it were necessary to construct efficiently at sites without large facilities.
2 is a side sectional view of the foundation (4) viewed from the lower right to the upper left of FIG. 1, and the maintenance passage is a sectional view of the anchor pole (2) portion, although FIG. is there.
The foundation is a pool type foundation (7), and the upper surfaces of the foundation side wall portions (15) at both ends protrude slightly upward from the ground (9) so that rainwater does not flow.
As shown in FIG. 2, a pole hole (3) is drilled in the upper surface inside the pool type foundation to form a pedestal (5) on which the floating body (1) is placed, and a maintenance passage (6) that is one step lower than the pedestal adjacent to the pedestal. Is formed.

FIG. 3 is a view during the assembly work of the floating body (1). A plate material (19) such as a steel plate is laid on the base (5) and connected by welding, and the anchor pole (2) and the load base (11) are in accordance with the design document. Deploy.
The load platform (11) is arranged by estimating and designing the required strength in consideration of the balance between the load distribution of the building constructed on the floating body and the water pressure when the floating body is submerged.
FIG. 6 shows an example of a load table, (a) H-shaped steel (b) square pipe (c) welded flat plate to both ends of cylindrical pipe (d) combined four H-shaped steels at both ends It is welded to a flat plate. In either case, the force acts in the direction in which the steel plate material is vertically compressed so that the load bearing strength is in the vertical direction.

The anchor pole (2) itself also functions as a load table that receives a load in the vertical direction.
The floating body (1) assembling work of FIG. 3 can be performed from the inside of the floating body because the surface treatment work such as welding and painting cannot be performed from the outside of the floating body bottom plate (17) or the side surface because there is no work space.
FIG. 7 is a side view seen from the left front side to the right rear side in FIG. 1, and is a cross-sectional view at the position of the anchor pole (2). FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the pool-type foundation bottom surface AA line in the plan view.

FIG. 4 is a completed view of the floating body, and a jack lift (8) is arranged in the maintenance passage (6).
The jack lift (8) is carried into the pool-type foundation (7) from the opening (12) shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 8, and the necessary number suitable for the weight of the floating body as shown in FIG. Be placed.
FIG. 5 shows a situation in which all the jack lifts (8) are operated in synchronism to lift the entire floating body, and the anchor pole (2) extends downward due to gravity.
In this state, surface treatment work such as inspection from the floating bottom plate (17) and the outside of the side surface, that is, inspection of the welding back wave and painting, is performed.

Since the part where the jack lift (8) is in contact with the floating body bottom plate (17) cannot be directly operated, the part is supported by the jack lift (8) at the adjacent location and the part is lowered slightly.
As shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 8, when the difference between the height when the jack lift (8) is contracted and the height when it is extended, that is, the lift is small, and if it does not reach a sufficient height at one time, a pedestal (32) is used. Raise to the stage. The gantry shown in FIG. 8 is largely deformed for explanation.
That is, a load is deposited on the adjacent jack lift, and the platform (32) is placed on the upside and raised.
Next, all the jack lifts are lowered synchronously, the floating body is placed on the pedestal (5), and the jack lift is taken out to complete the floating body construction.
FIG. 9 shows a situation where a building is built on a floating body, and the base (35) of the building such as the building (20) and the floating body (1) are firmly connected by an anchor vault (not shown).

An opening / closing door (21) is provided in the right end opening (12) of FIG. 9, and is configured to be opened and closed by a drive device (22) manually or by power.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the opening (12) of the open / close door (21) opens widely in the width direction, and receives the inundation information such as a tsunami to rotate and release upward.
FIG. 10 shows the situation, and the flooding first collides with the door (21) and flows into the bottom surface (18) of the pool type foundation (7), and the maintenance passage becomes the water conduit (16) and quickly floods the entire pool. Then, the floating body (1) is lifted by receiving a large buoyancy.

In the figure, the anchor pole (2) extends vertically downward while the floating body rises as the water surface line (14) rises, and the lower end of the anchor pole comes into contact with the pole hole (3). Due to the anchoring action, the floating body is not swept away and maintains its position.
When the water level falls, the anchor pole (2) is shortened at the position where the floating body and the building (20) remain as they are, and placed on the original pedestal.

When the water level rises abnormally high and the lower end of the anchor pole (2) comes out of the pole hole (3), the anchoring action is lost and the building and the floating body are tampered with by the flow. As described.
Even if the floating body is not submerged, it is necessary to inspect and maintain the bottom of the floating body and the inside of the pool-type foundation (7) once every few to several tens of years. At that time, the door (21) is opened as shown in FIG. The jack lift (8) is carried into the maintenance passage (6), and the floating body and all the buildings on it are jacked up for maintenance.
The building shown in FIG. 9 is assumed to be a wooden building, and wooden buildings are often plagued by white ant damage in areas with high humidity such as in Japan. There is no room for white ants to enter the building.

The embodiment of the flooded building (10) described in FIGS. 11 to 13 is assumed for emergency evacuation used for tsunami evacuation.
Since the base (4) is not a pool type and the pedestal (5) is exposed on the ground (9), the hoistway (25) such as stairs must be raised on the floating body (1) deck (28).
11 is a side sectional view as seen from the side, with the bow portion of the floating body facing the storm surge from the right side, FIG. 12 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 13 is a side sectional view seen from the front side. is there.
The three rectangular pedestals (5) are connected on the left side of the figure and are integrated.

The anchor pole (2) is not a telescopic type, but a steel pipe connected in a sheath member (23) integral with the floating body (1). A stopper (26) is provided at the upper end and the floating member floats to some extent. It abuts on the upper end and acts to pull out the anchor pole (2).
Below the four sides of the floating body, a rainwater cover (13) is provided so as to cover the ridges (29) on the upper surface of the foundation integrally with the floating body (1). Inflow is prevented.
An open / close door (21) is provided above the right end of the maintenance passage (6), and the swing is released by receiving storm surge information such as a tsunami, and the water passage (16) also serves as a maintenance passage (6). The floating body is promoted by introducing seawater to the bottom of the floating body.

Also, the open / close door (21) is operated during maintenance work of the floating body by introducing a jack lift (8) as shown in the figure and operating the three or more jack lifts (8) in synchronism with each other as in the previous embodiment. Jack up.
The size of the maintenance passage (6) is preferably a size that can be inserted by a person. However, the maintenance passage (6) may be configured to be pushed out from the front and pulled out using a jig without necessarily being put by an operator.

FIG. 14A is an enlarged view of the anchor pole (2) portion in the lane marking A of FIG. 11, and shows a situation where the floating body receives a force flowing from the right to the left as shown by the arrow due to the flow of the storm surge water.
The right inner wall of the sheath member (23) integral with the floating body presses the right side surface of the anchor pole, and the left side surface of the lower end of the anchor pole presses the right inner wall of the pole hole.
In this situation, the floating body is anchored by the foundation in which the pole hole (3) is perforated, and does not flow into the flowing water, but rises due to a large buoyancy due to the rising water level.
At this time, normally, the gravity of the anchor pole and the friction force between the anchor pole and the pole hole are larger than the friction force between the sheath member and the anchor pole, and the sheath member slides and slides with the anchor pole, and the sheath member rises.

Taking into account corrosion due to aging of steel, the tolerance between the outer diameter of the anchor pole and the inner diameter of the sheath member is very large and is set to a so-called stupid hole.
However, the sliding resistance between the anchor pole (2) and the sheath member (23) is large due to manufacturing dimensional errors, and the anchor pole and the sheath member are fixed to each other, and the floating body (1) has a large buoyancy, so that the stopper at the upper end of the anchor pole Before reaching (26), the anchor pole may be pulled out of the pole hole (3).
In FIG. 14B, the structure of the sheath member (23) is partially changed so that the two anchor poles in the upper and lower portions are sandwiched by the roller wheels (36) rotatable from the left and right to reduce the sliding resistance. It is composed.

The roller wheel (36) has a drum shape when the anchor pole is a round steel pipe, and a cylindrical roller when the anchor wheel is a square pipe.
The jack lift (8) and the gantry (32) used in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 15A shows a case where a hydraulic jack (38) such as a multistage telescopic hydraulic water pressure is accommodated in a container-type carriage (39), and two free wheels (40) on the left and right and two fixed wheels (on the left and right) 41) is moved in the maintenance passage with a structure supported by a push spring (37) as shown in the figure.
(B) shows a state in which the hydraulic jack is extended at a predetermined position and the floating body is lifted and loaded via the gantry. When a load from above is applied, the push spring is bent and reduced, and the bottom of the carriage hits the bottom surface of the maintenance passage, and the bottom surface of the maintenance passage supports the floating body of the upper load.
If the hydraulic jack is reduced, the original state is restored, and the bottom of the carriage rises so that the carriage can move.

FIG. 15C shows the same structure as the lift of the cross-type frame, and shows a contracted state, and FIG. 15D shows its extended state and is used as a gantry.
Similar to the jack lift, the wheel is moved in the maintenance passage with the cart (39) structure. The actuator (43) in FIG. D adjusts the height of the gantry with a hydraulic or mechanical telescopic power cylinder.

An example of construction in a building district adjacent to a city area will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
Fig. 16 is a front cross-sectional view as seen from the road. The left side is an adjacent building (33), which is constructed closely and can only be constructed with a pool foundation (7) that is narrower than the flat area of the building (20). Absent.
The building is a reinforced concrete building with a considerable weight, and the floating body has a large depth in order to obtain the buoyancy of the floating body (1) according to the weight.
A caulking material (30) made of a waterproof material is filled between the building foundation (35) and the upper surface of the foundation to prevent rainwater from flowing into the pool-type foundation.

FIG. 17A is a side sectional view of the right side facing the road, FIG. 17B is a plan view taken along the line AA in FIG. 17A, and FIG. 17C is a plan view taken along the line BB.
Moreover, the vertical cross-sectional position of (a) is cut by the CC cross-section line of (b).
A doorway (31) that can be freely opened and closed is provided in the building, and a communication hole (44) that communicates therewith and penetrates the floating body downwards in a watertight manner is provided. It is connected to the passage (6).
At the time of floating body construction or maintenance, a jack lift (not shown) is inserted through this communication hole (53) to jack up the floating body and the building.

The open / close door (21) at the right end of FIG. 17 (a) is the only opening for introducing water into the pool type foundation, and is opened quickly according to the information on the storm surge inundation risk.
The storm surge inundation is diverted from the flowing water channel (34) through the maintenance passage (6) and water channel (16) below, and (b) between the floating body and the pool-type foundation side wall (15). Through, the floating body (1) is given buoyancy and the floating body is lifted.
The open / close door (21) is configured to open wide laterally as shown in (b) and (c) in order to allow water to quickly flow into the pool-type foundation.

As the opening / closing mechanism, a swing type valve, a gate valve, and an air bag type that presses compressed air into a balloon processed with a rubber plate or a liquid pressure valve that presses liquid can be used.
The open / close door is configured to be opened and closed by a manual or powered actuator (43), and is normally closed for many years to prevent the inflow of rainwater and quickly open upon receiving storm surge information.
Maintenance of the open / close door (21) and the actuator (43) allows the worker to go down to the maintenance passage (6) through the communication hole from the doorway (31) in the building and perform various inspection and maintenance work from the inside.

18 to 25, a method for manufacturing a reinforced concrete floating body in which a buoyancy mold material (45) having a large buoyancy is encapsulated in the floating body will be described in detail.
FIG. 18 shows a pool type foundation (7) which is mostly buried underground.
FIG. 19 shows a situation in which the mold frame (46) is arranged on the pedestal (5) along the outer diameter of the floating body according to the production drawing, and the anchor pole and the buoyancy mold material (45) are installed.
The buoyancy mold material (45) is a box body in which a polystyrene foam or a wooden formwork material is molded into a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, and is a buoyancy body for reducing the apparent specific gravity of the float body (1).

  FIG. 20 shows a situation in which a reinforcing bar (47) is formed in a formwork (46) and the buoyancy mold material (45) is installed therein. In particular, the buoyancy mold material (45) has a specific gravity greater than that of water when raw concrete is injected later. Since it floats by receiving extremely large buoyancy, the reinforcing bars (47) in the vertical direction and on the upper surface of the floating body are arranged so as to have strength in order to suppress the floating.

FIG. 21 (a) shows a state in which the formwork (46) and the buoyancy mold (45) and the reinforcing bar (47) are arranged, and the AA cross section is shown in (b) and the BB cross section is shown in a plan view in (c). .
As shown in (b), the buoyancy mold (45) at the center of the floating body is deformed into a plane L shape, and a communication hole (44) is formed through the floating body in the vertical direction. The lift (8) is lowered onto the maintenance passage through the communication hole (44) and disposed at an appropriate position.
FIG. 22 shows the state of injecting the raw concrete (48), although it is not shown in the figure, the fluid state from the bottom of the floating body is prevented from entering cavities and bubbles by press-fitting work from the upper left through the hose (49) by the concrete pump car. Press-fill while observing.

FIG. 23 shows a state in which the ready-mixed concrete press-fitting work has been completed. When a predetermined concrete hardening time has elapsed, a jack lift is lowered and introduced from the communication hole (44) in the upper part of the floating body.
FIG. 24 shows the situation of the work of removing the formwork (46) by raising the jack lift synchronously.
After ascending, the adjacent jack lift (8) is slightly lowered to remove the part of the formwork, then the jacklift is raised to deposit the load and the others are lowered to remove the formwork.
In FIG. 25, all the molds are removed and the jack lift (8) is lowered synchronously, the floating body (1) is placed on the pedestal, the manufacturing process is completed, and the jack lift is moved from the communication hole (44) to the upper part of the floating body. Shows the situation to raise.

An anchor vault (not shown) is projected on the upper surface of the reinforced concrete floating body, and a building base is connected to the anchor vault.
This concrete floating body has less corrosion due to secular change and is more advantageous for maintenance than the floating body made of steel plate.
FIG. 26 shows a specific implementation structure of the telescopic anchor pole, which is planned and created so that it can be easily assembled and detached at the time of new construction and maintenance.
First, a steel pipe sheath member (23) extending vertically downward in a watertight structure is attached to the floating body by a welded structure, and the inner sheath (52) is inserted therein, and the tip pole (53) is further inserted into the inner sheath. is there.

When the floating body floats due to water immersion, the inner sheath begins to rise when the portion where the inner diameter of the lower end of the sheath member is reduced and the portion where the outer diameter of the upper end of the inner sheath is larger contact, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inner sheath is reduced The structure is such that the tip pole rises when the large outer shape of the tip pole touches.
Further, the steel receptor (54) embedded in the pedestal as shown in the figure is a stopper with the inner sheath and the bottom of the tip pole abutting on the inside.

When assembling the anchor pole, the upper end of the inner sheath is suspended from the hook (55) of the crane and inserted into the sheath member, and the tip pole is suspended and inserted into the inner sheath. Finally, the inflow of rainwater can be prevented by attaching a cover (56) whose upper surface is flush with the floating deck.
When repairing rust due to aging, the tip pole can be lifted together by opening the cover and lifting the inner sheath with a crane.

FIGS. 27 to 28 show an embodiment of the middle- and high-rise building in the urban area described in FIGS. 16 to 17, and the details of the embodiment in which the floor of the first floor of the building and the upper surface of the base (35) are constructed on the same plane as the front road. Describe.
FIG. 27A is a side sectional view of a mid-to-high-rise building with a sidewalk on the right side and the entrance portion 63 facing the front road, and FIG. 27B is a sectional view taken along the base top surface line of FIG. FIG. 28 is a bird's-eye view of the entrance (63) viewed from the front road.
The frame-shaped foundation is buried in the ground so that the upper surface is the same plane as the front road on the first floor, and the upper surface of the closed open / close door (21) in front of the entrance is also configured in the same plane. Further, side plates (51) are erected on both sides of the door so as to surround the door.

A pillar (50) is erected vertically above the foundation, and an upper floor building is built thereon, and the caulking material (30) is filled between the foundation and the side wall (15) of the foundation, and rainwater Intrusion is prevented.
When the door is closed normally, the upper surface becomes the floor of the entrance, and receives the information on the inundation of high tide and rotates upward as shown by the arrow by an actuator to introduce the inundation into the pool base.

A flooded building (10) shown in FIG. 29 is an embodiment in which the anchor device uses both a guide member type and a pole type.
As a means for preventing horizontal flow due to the floating of the floating body, a guide member (65) and a gap member (66) are provided in contact with the four sides of the floating body in addition to the anchor pole and the pole hole.
FIG. 29 (a) shows a side cross-sectional view, and FIG. 29 (b) shows a plane taken along the line AA. FIG. 29 (c) shows that the submerged water (64) flows into the pool base in the state of (a) and the floating body rises. Indicates the situation.
The three-way side surface of the floating body has a guide member on the inside of the side wall (15) of the pool type foundation, and the right side of the floating body has a vertical wall body guide member (65) provided separately from the foundation.
Between the guide member and the four sides of the floating body, a gap member (66), which is a cushioning material having a surface shape made of a rubber material having elasticity used for a ship fender or the like, is sandwiched.

FIG. 29 (c) shows the situation where the inundation (64) flows into the pool type foundation and the floating body rises. When the water surface line (14) rises further from this figure, the floating body moves from the right to the left by the water flow in the direction of the arrow. However, the floating body acts on the guide member (65) integrated with the foundation via the gap member (66) at the left end, and floats vertically upward without flowing into the water flow.
When the water surface line further rises and the bottom of the floating body is detached from the guide member, the anchor action due to the contact between the guide member and the floating body side surface is lost.

However, this floating body is provided with an anchor device using an anchor pole and a pole hole. Even if the bottom surface of the floating body is detached from the guide member, the floating body is not flushed by the water flow due to the anchor function using the anchor pole and the pole hole.
The anchor action by the guide member type anchor device can be manufactured with a larger contact area than the anchor action by the pole type anchor device, and has a strong anchor holding force against a high flow rate.
Further, the pole-type anchor device has a deep water depth, and as the anchor pole extends, a force acting on the pole hole of the fulcrum by bending the anchor pole by the lever principle is applied and the anchoring action is mechanically weakened.

In general, flood inundation due to tsunami and river flooding is said to have the fastest and most powerful destructive power of the shallow water flow that reaches first, and the flow rate gradually decreases as the inundation progresses and the water depth increases.
For this reason, it is convenient that the floating body flow is prevented by the anchor action due to the contact of the floating side surface of the guide member type at a high initial flow velocity, and the water flow becomes deeper and the flow velocity is lowered, so that the pole type anchor pole It can be satisfied by the weak anchor action by the pole hole.
In FIG. 29, the gap member is integrally coupled with the guide member, and the floating body side surface slides with the gap member and only the floating body floats. However, the gap member and the float body are integrally coupled, and the floating body slides with the guide member together with the gap member. It may be configured so as to float, and in either case, the one having the lower sliding resistance may be selected.

In addition, the pedestal in FIG. 29 is not made of concrete of the same quality as the foundation, but is made of a hollow steel plate similar to the floating body, and has a welded structure integrally with the bottom of the floating body.
Therefore, the base bottom surface (58) may be a flat concrete surface, and a pedestal-forming concrete formwork is unnecessary.
In the construction method of the floating body, a base made of a hollow sealed steel plate manufactured in advance on the bottom surface of the foundation is arranged according to a design book in which a maintenance passage is formed, and the floating body is formed by arranging the steel plates on the base.
The base of the hollow sealed structure has buoyancy, and even if a building of the same weight is built on the floating body, the depth of the floating body can be made shallower and the volume can be made smaller.

30 is an example in which a rainwater gradient is provided on the bottom surface (58) of the foundation, FIG. 30 (a) is a sectional view from the side, and (b) is an AA sectional line. The base bottom surface (58) is inclined downward from the left side to the right side of the figure.
Even if the pool-type foundation (7) is manufactured so that rainwater does not leak from above, water may accumulate due to condensation due to temperature changes over the years. In this case, water is collected in a pit (67) on the lower right side of the figure and is introduced into the drainage pump (60) at a slope of the storage arrow and drained to the outside of the pool type foundation (7) through the water distribution pipe (61).
Further, as shown as a water surface (59) at the bottom of the pool type foundation, although not shown, if water is supplied from the outside and used as a water supply tank, it can be used as fire extinguishing water in the event of a fire.

Further, this floating body adopts only a guide member type as a floating body anchor device by the flow of water, and is equipped with only a guide member and a gap member.
Therefore, there is no structure in the surrounding area and it is suitable for rural areas.If the water level is high and the bottom of the floating body rises above the height of the guide member, it will flow into the water flow, but there is a low probability of overturning and the possibility of protecting human lives. high.
A pedestal (5) shown in FIG. 30 is a pedestal made of a steel material having a strength that supports the weight of the floating body and the building on the pedestal (5), as in the case of the load table described in FIG.
Therefore, the floating body is constructed by arranging the pedestal on the base bottom surface (58) while securing a maintenance passage according to the design book, and arranging the bottom material of the floating body on the base material and welding to construct the floating body.

FIG. 30C is a cross-sectional view taken along the BB vertical cross-section line of FIG. 30B, and the bottom surface of the floating body is formed in a downward slope toward the center as in a general ship.
When inundation by the typhoon progresses and the bottom of the floating body is completely lifted off the guide member and the floating body swings to the left and right due to wind and waves, the left and right resilience of the hull is improved.

The present invention is an evacuation facility for a tsunami disaster, and it is predicted that a Nankai earthquake or a Tonankai earthquake will occur in the near future.
In addition, storm surge damage caused by a typhoon occurs almost every year in various places, and the present invention is extremely effective as a means to cope with this storm surge flood damage.
By providing technically complete equipment, the construction and shipbuilding industries also have significant industrial potential.
The great tsunami that hit the Indian Ocean coastal area at the end of December 2004 devastated hundreds of thousands of people and enjoyed marine resorts within a few hours.

Until some kind of absolutely reliable rescue facility against the tsunami is completed, many tourists will not turn to coastal resorts.
The present invention can prove to be a great food for guaranteeing a safe life for many people living in the marine resort industry and the coastal area by proving its safety effect.
In addition, the present invention can be applied to general residential buildings and large hotels and built in coastal lowlands where storm surge damage is likely to occur. there is a possibility.

The bird's-eye view explaining the operation principle at the time of flooding and the configuration of the flooded building (10) of the present invention. Pool type foundation (7) sectional view. Pool type foundation (7) cross section during floating body construction. Same as above. Same as above. (A) (b) (c) (d) is an example bird's-eye view of a load stand. Pool type foundation (7) side sectional view under construction of floating body construction. The top view in an AA cross section same as the above. Side view of pool type foundation and floating body and completed building (20) side view. The action explanatory side sectional view at the time of flooding same as above. The side sectional view of the inundation-compatible building (10) for evacuation. FIG. The side sectional view of the inundation-compatible building for refuge seen from the front. FIG. 12A is an enlarged view of the lane marking in FIG. (B) is an improved side view. (A) Or (b) Action explanation sectional view of (c) thru / or (d) mount (32) with jack lift (8). The sectional side view from the front of the building example corresponding to inundation in an urban area with an adjacent building. (A) is a sectional side view from the upper side surface, and (b) and (c) are plan views. A side sectional view of a pool type foundation. Side sectional drawing in the process of assembling a formwork (46) on a pool type | mold foundation upper surface base (5) same as the above. Same as above. Same as above (a). The central view (b) and the lower view (c) are plan views thereof. Side sectional view during concrete driving. The side sectional view at the time of completion of concrete driving. Side sectional view of jacking up floating body and removing formwork (46). Floating body (1) Side sectional view when construction is completed. Side sectional view of telescopic anchor pole (2) and pole hole (3). (A) is a side sectional view of a flooded building in an urban area, and (b) is a plan view of the same. The bird's-eye view of an entrance part (63) same as the above. (A) is a sectional side view and (b) is a plan view of a pole type anchor device and a guide member type anchor device combined embodiment. (C) is a sectional side view when (a) is submerged. (A) is a side sectional view (b) of an embodiment of a guide member type anchor device in which a slope is provided on the bottom surface of a pool type foundation (7) and a floating body (1) is provided with a guide member (65) and a gap member (66) on four side surfaces. ) Is a plan view in the AA cross section, and (c) is a side cross sectional view in the BB cross section of (b).

Explanation of symbols

1 ... floating body 2 ... anchor pole 3 ... pole hole 4 ... foundation 5 ... pedestal
6 ... Maintenance passage
7 ... Pool type foundation
8 ... Jack lift
9 ... Ground 10 ... Inundation-compatible building 11 ... Load platform 12 ... Opening
13 ... Rainwater hippo 14 ... Water surface line
15 ... side wall
16 ... Water guide channel 17 ... Floating body bottom plate 18 ... Bottom surface 19 ... Plate material 20 ... Building 21 ... Opening / closing door 22 ... Drive device 23 ... Sheath member 24 ... Handrail 25 ... Hoistway 26 ... Stopper 27 ... Opening 28 ... Deck 29 ... Projection Article 30 ... Caulking material 31 ... Entrance / exit 32 ... Base 33 ... Adjacent building 34 ... Flow channel 35 ... Base 36 ... Roller wheel 37 ... Push spring 38 ... Hydraulic jack 39 ... Cart 40 ... Free wheel 41 ... Fixed wheel 42 ... Cross Frame 43 ... Actuator 44 ... Communication hole 45 ... Buoyancy mold material 46 ... Formwork 47 ... Reinforcement 48 ... Ready-mixed concrete 49 ... Hose 50 ... Column 51 ... Side plate 52 ... Inner sheath 53 ... Tip pole 54 ... Receptor 55 ... Hook
56 ... Cover 57 ... Floor 58 ... Base bottom 59 ... Water surface 60 ... Drain pump 61 ... Drain pipe 62 ... Floating body bottom 63 ... Inlet 64 ... Submerged 65 ... Guide member 66 ... Gap member 67 ... Pit

Claims (4)

Constructed so that people can live on a floating body in a floating structure that protects human lives and movables against storm surges such as tsunami, typhoon and river flooding, and the following conditions 1 to 3 are satisfied. A featured flood-resistant building.
1. A pedestal with the strength to support the air weight of the floating body is provided on the upper surface of the foundation, which is mostly buried in the ground, and the floating body is placed on the pedestal.
2. A maintenance passage that can introduce a lift jack lower than the base is formed between the base and the base.
3. The floating body floats only vertically upward due to the buoyancy of the floating body between the floating body and the foundation, but includes an anchor device that prevents horizontal flow.   The anchor device according to claim 1 is configured such that a guide member having a wall surface structure integrally extending with the foundation and extending vertically upward and the four sides of the floating body are in contact via a gap member.  The anchor device according to claim 1 is a structure in which an anchor pole integrally extending with the floating body and extending vertically downward from the floating body and a pole hole drilled in the foundation are inserted into the pole hole. The flooded building according to claim 1, wherein three or more jack lifts are introduced into the maintenance passage, the jack lifts are moved up and down in synchronization, and the floating body bottom surface is processed. How to build things.

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