JP2007070982A - Multipurpose disaster refuge building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multipurpose disaster refuge building softening swing acceleration caused by an earthquake to prevent the damage and fall of the building and not submerged in a high tide flood disaster. <P>SOLUTION: A pool-type foundation opened at the upper face and provided with sidewalls and a bottom face is provided. A pontoon type floating body is stored in the foundation, and the building is constructed on the floating body. A transmission means for buffer-transmitting the earthquake swing, and a damper 4 limiting amplitude width, are provided between the foundation and the floating body. At the occurrence of the earthquake, the floating body softens the earthquake acceleration to the floating body and the building and reduces the amplitude width by the buffer transmission means and the damper along with the building. Further, an anchor pole 15 integral with the floating body and extended vertically downward is provided. The foundation bottom face is provided with a locking member 28, and the anchor pole and the locking member are constituted to be integrally connected. In the submerged state, the floating body floats vertically upward, but the anchor pole connected and fixed to the locking member prevents horizontal flow of the floating body due to flowing water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a safe multi-purpose disaster evacuation building that acts as a seismic isolation building that reduces earthquake acceleration and limits the earthquake disaster that is given to the building, and at the same time acts as a flood-resistant building that is not flooded during a storm surge flood.

The magnitude 7.2 Kobe Awaji Great Earthquake on January 17, 1995 brought about an unprecedented disaster among the recent earthquakes in Japan.
Especially in an old wooden Japanese building, a traditional two-story tenement building with a traditional tiled roof for more than 30 years, the human damage in a dense area where a fire broke out after collapse was extremely significant.
This is because the natural frequency of the building and the frequency of the earthquake vibration resonated, and the acceleration of the earthquake was extremely large, and a large force was applied to the building framework, leading to the collapse within a short time.
Research and various proposals for prevention of future earthquake disasters have been made by the construction and construction industry, but the following are some examples.
JP 2004-84189 A JP2004-176348 These are all proposed seismic isolation devices that mitigate the acceleration of earthquakes and reduce the impact on buildings.

As for storm surge damage, a massive submarine earthquake off the coast of Malaysia on December 26, 2004 caused a major flood in the coastal areas of the Indian Ocean coastal countries, resulting in delayed transmission of information. Tens of thousands have died.
Hurricane Katrina, which occurred in Florida, USA on August 29, 2005, landed in Louisiana and Mississippi and could kill thousands of people in New Orleans and surrounding areas due to unprecedented floods It has been announced by the media.
There were no evacuation facilities for tsunami, river flooding, and typhoon storm surge damage in conventional coastal areas and general plains, and there was no way other than evacuating to the upper floors of small mountains and high-rise buildings.
Governments and local governments concerned with tsunami damage are now developing software to predict the occurrence of major earthquakes and how to detect tsunamis as soon as possible, and to communicate to many people. Focus on construction.

The quickest way to escape to a small mountain or high-rise building is a way to stop damage.
However, there are many rural areas where there are many plains where there are no mountains and high-rise buildings, and there are many coastal areas where it is difficult to evacuate quickly because the time is far away.
Along with the construction of information transmission and communication means for generating tsunamis, it is extremely important to develop hardware and equipment such as equipment and facilities as means for evacuation when encountering a tsunami.
In addition, due to typhoon storm surges that hit several times a year and river flood damage due to torrential rain, people living in the lowland have suffered enormous human property damage every year due to storm surge inundation and flood inundation.

In Japan, the possibility of the Nankai and Tonankai earthquakes at the beginning of this century is high, so a tower-type shelter with a steel structure of more than 10 meters has been proposed.
However, there is a question as to whether a large number of men and women of all ages can climb a refuge at a height of more than a dozen meters using stairs within a short time. Since there is no guarantee that the height is within a few dozen meters, it has not yet reached the stage of popularization. The present inventor filed and registered a utility model registration under the name of “floating building” in the prior application regarding this problem. Utility model registration No. 3110611 The present invention is a seismic isolation building equipped with the above-mentioned seismic isolation device, and a multipurpose evacuation building that can be shared as a flood-resistant building where the building rises with the site and is not submerged during a storm surge flood. Filed as a new patent.

If the structure of the building is strengthened, it is possible to prevent collapse due to an earthquake, but it is impossible to prevent injuries to residents, such as collapse of the equipment inside the building, and damage to the fall or underlayment of the equipment.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a building having a seismic isolation effect that reduces the acceleration of oscillation caused by an earthquake and reduces the amplitude and softens the building to prevent damage to the building and to prevent internal equipment falling and human damage. And
It is also a safe flood-resistant building where the building is not flooded in the event of a storm surge such as a tsunami, river inundation, or typhoon. The issue is to provide goods.

  In addition, the above-mentioned building proposed by the present inventor has a structure that always stores a large amount of water, which can be used for extinguishing fires in the event of a fire, as well as an emergency after any disaster has occurred. The objective is to provide an extremely versatile disaster evacuation building that can also be used to supply domestic water resources.

The building is a building that reduces and softens the acceleration of rocking caused by an earthquake and prevents the building and internal equipment from being damaged and overturned. A multi-purpose disaster evacuation building characterized by conditions.
1. A container structure pool type foundation having an open top surface and side walls and a bottom surface is provided.
2. A trolley type floating body is accommodated in the pool type foundation and a building is built on the floating body.
3. A transmission means for buffering and transmitting an earthquake swing is provided between the foundation and the floating body.
4. A damper is provided between the foundation and the floating body to limit the amplitude range of earthquake oscillation.
5, When the earthquake occurs, the foundation is directly transmitted with the acceleration of the earthquake swing with the ground, but the floating body is transmitted with the building and the damper through the transmission means and the damper, and the acceleration of the earthquake swing is reduced to the floating body and the building. It was constructed to reduce the amplitude width as well as to soften.
6, Open the inflow port where storm surge inflow flows into the inside of the pool type foundation.
7. An anchor pole that is integral with the carrier type floating body and expands and contracts vertically below the floating body is provided.
8. A locking member is provided integrally with the foundation on the bottom surface of the pool-type foundation, and the anchor pole and the locking member are coupled and integrated.
9. The floating body floats vertically upward when it is in a flooded state, but the anchor pole is coupled and fixed to the locking member so as to prevent horizontal flow of the floating body due to flowing water.

The seismic isolation building of the present invention is constructed by constructing a pool-type foundation (hereinafter also referred to as a pool) whose upper surface is opened by reinforced concrete at a necessary construction place, and housing a floating structure of a trolley structure therein, and building on the floating structure. A thing is built.
In addition, a buffer transmission means is provided between the pool and the floating body to slip and reduce the acceleration of the earthquake swing, and an elastic damper is provided to limit the amplitude of the earthquake swing and return the floating body to its original position. It is.
The pool is buried in the ground and seismic oscillation is directly transmitted as it is, but the floating body is transmitted through the buffer transmission means, and a large part of the earthquake oscillation acceleration is slipped and transmitted.
The damper always restricts the relative movement of the foundation and the floating body due to the earthquake swing, and acts to return to the original position, thereby limiting the amplitude width.
Therefore, the rocking of the foundation due to the earthquake is caused by the action of the buffer transmission means and the damper, and the acceleration and amplitude width are reduced in the floating body, and the rocking is soft and rocking can be prevented.

Next, flood damage in the same building is as follows.
The floating body is provided with an anchor pole that protrudes and expands downward from the bottom of the floating body, and the foundation is provided with a locking member whose lower end of the anchor pole is fixed integrally with the foundation.
If a high water level such as a tsunami, typhoon storm surge, or flooding of a river bank due to torrential rain occurs and the water level becomes higher than the floating waterline, the floating body will receive buoyancy in the direction of rising.
Although the floating body floats as the water surface rises, the floating body is not poured into the flooded water due to the fixing action of the anchor pole protruding downward from the floating body and the locking member integral with the foundation.

The tsunami often causes the first wave to rise, the water level to rise, then suddenly becomes a tidal current, and the destroyed parts of the land are removed to the sea, and then the second and third storm surges often arrive.
If the height of the storm surge is within the length of the anchor pole, the floating body will only move up and down with the water level without being washed away, and if the water level falls, the floating body will fall back to its original position.
When the water level further rises and the floating body rises and the anchor pole and the floating body locking member are unfixed, the anchor device composed of the anchor pole and the locking member stops anchoring, and the floating body is washed away by tidal current and flood water It becomes.
The floating body becomes free and is tossed as it is, but the floating body is in the shape of a barge and the plane dimension is much wider than the depth, and unless the floating body collides with a structure etc., it will not subside and sink, and human life on the floating body will be saved There is a high possibility that

Buildings that are not damaged by earthquakes can be built if the framework is strengthened in the construction of the building.
However, since many fixtures and fixtures inside the building cannot be connected to the building as a whole, fixtures can collapse in an earthquake with a strong seismic intensity, and the collapse can cause damage to human life.
The greater the earthquake oscillation acceleration and the greater the amplitude or amplitude, the greater the earthquake damage.
The buffer transmission means provided between the foundation and the floating body of the base-isolated building of the present invention reduces the impact by buffering a large part of the acceleration by the slip and transmitting the earthquake oscillation transmitted to the foundation to the floating body.
In addition, the oscillation amplitude of the earthquake is reduced by the action of returning to the original position by resisting the amplitude by the elastic damper provided between the foundation and the floating body.
Therefore, the shock transmission means provided between the foundation and the floating body and the elastic material damper that restricts the amplitude width reduce the acceleration of the seismic wave and further reduce the amplitude, thereby reducing the impact on the floating body and providing an earthquake resistance effect. Is.
By reducing the acceleration and amplitude of this seismic wave, it is possible to prevent the collapse of the building and limit the damage to the internal fixtures and personal injury.

The recently proposed tsunami evacuation device is a steel-structured tower with a height of several tens of meters, and is provided with an evacuation platform with handrails of about 10 meters square on the top and an elevating stairs.
It is extremely difficult and time-consuming for a large number of people, more than 100 people, to go up the stairs of a few dozen meters promptly after receiving tsunami information.
Also, there is no guarantee that the height of the tsunami is below the refuge, and if it is higher than that, the effect is lost.
In the present invention, a floating body is housed in a pool-type foundation that is mostly buried in the ground, and a building is constructed on the floating body. If the depth of the floating body and the depth of the pool are substantially the same, Evacuees do not need to climb to high places to enter the building.
Further, according to the present invention, the floating body floats up at any high water level tsunami and does not flow into the flowing water within the length of the anchor pole.

Furthermore, the frequency of use of this floating building for evacuation is only once every several decades or hundreds of years. For this purpose, not only for evacuation of tsunamis and typhoons, but also for purposes other than evacuation at all times. It is desirable to be a multi-purpose facility that can be used in the future, and the land and facilities can be used effectively and can be used as a safe residential home.
As will be described later, the seismic isolation building in which the buffer transmission means of the present invention is water in the pool of the present invention always stores a large amount of water in the pool and can use the water as fire extinguishing water in case of fire.
In addition, drinking water after the occurrence of various disasters can be filtered and used as emergency water for daily life as it is.

The most important thing for the invention is the function of whether the invention can achieve the object realistically. The next important thing is that even if there are many means to achieve the purpose, the structure is the simplest, the material is the fewest, it is easy to process, and the total cost can be manufactured at low cost. is there.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples illustrate one mode for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples.

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a base-isolated building corresponding to an earthquake in the present invention, in which (a) is a side sectional view and (b) is a plan view with a cross section taken along the water surface line (3) of (a).
A container-structured pool-type solid foundation (2) (hereinafter also referred to as a pool) having a bottom surface (11) and a side wall (12) is constructed of reinforced concrete on a site for constructing a base-isolated building.
A floating body (1) having a trolley structure is accommodated in the foundation, and a building (9) is constructed on the floating body.
In addition, water is supplied into the pool to float the floating body so that the bottom surface (13) of the floating body rises slightly from the bottom surface of the foundation (11), and the water supply valve (7) from the water source (5) such as tap water and the water level are always kept at a predetermined position. An automatic water supply device is provided that supplies water by a signal from a level sensor (6) that detects the water surface line (3).
Further, a tire-shaped damper (40) made of elastic rubber used for a ship fender or the like is interposed between the floating body four-side surface (14) and the inner side surface of the pool side wall (12).

The base-isolated building constructed as described above acts on the earthquake as follows.
When the ground and the pool move instantaneously in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1 (b), the floating body works with the building to maintain its position and the inertial force that keeps its position works. )
When the amplitude of the earthquake is large and the force of moving the floating body is applied in the same direction, the damper hits the tire-shaped damper (40) interposed between the floating body side surface (14) and the inner side surface of the side wall (12), and the damper is deformed to exceed that of the floating body. A force is applied in a direction to prevent the movement of.
At that time, the floating body is applied with the movement blocking force as a braking force of movement, stopped by gentle braking, and then the earthquake swing moves in the opposite direction, so the floating body is pushed and moved in the upper right direction. repeat.

In other words, the ground earthquake swing is transmitted to the foundation as it is, and the foundation moves in exactly the same way as the earthquake swing, but the floating body is not directly connected to the foundation and is in a floating state.
If the floating body is completely suspended, such as being suspended in the air, the floating body is not subjected to any force and does not oscillate, but there is water that is a fluid in the meantime. Since the floating body is transmitted through movement, the floating body has a complicated movement, but at least the movement of the floating body is relaxed and the movement is much smaller than the acceleration of the earthquake itself.
When the floating body swing amplitude is large and the floating body moving position (10) reaches the side wall (12), the motion amplitude is gently controlled by the rubber tire type damper (40) before that.
That is, the seismic oscillation buffer transmission means provided between the foundation and the floating body of this embodiment is water placed in the pool, and the foundation transmits the oscillation to the floating body through the water.
The damper for limiting the swing amplitude width provided between the foundation and the floating body of the present embodiment is a rubber tire type damper (40).

The seismic isolation building shown in Fig. 2 is an example of a flood-resistant building that has the effect of surfacing the entire site where the building is floating and preventing flooding in addition to the seismic isolation effect. It is the Example which used the elastic damper of a new structure as a seismic isolation building.
2A is a side cross-sectional view, and FIGS. 2B and 2C are plan views showing a cross section at the position of the water surface line (3) in FIG.
The damper (4) shown in FIG. 2 is a bag bag such as a balloon made of a flexible airtight sheet, in which a fluid such as air or water is enclosed. Accordingly, the pressure applied to the floating body is softer than that of the damper shown in FIG. 1 and the acceleration applied to the moving floating body is small, but the contact area is large and the brake holding force is increased accordingly.

By using water and air in combination, the airbag type damper can partially immerse the airbag in the water as shown in FIG.
The damper shown in (c) is a combination of an air bag and a rigid cylindrical damper (42) used for ship fenders and the like, and can brake the movement of the floating body in the pool stepwise.
That is, (c) shows a situation in which the base moves in the direction of the upper right arrow and the floating body relatively moves in the lower left direction in the pool. The floating body first receives the soft braking of the airbag and finally the hard cylindrical damper (42). Stops when braking by.
Next, it moves in the opposite way and repeats it according to the period of the earthquake oscillation, but the floating body has a moderate impact due to the reduced acceleration due to the earthquake oscillation.

In an air bag type damper that is filled with air, the damping force applied to the floating body can be adjusted by adjusting the air pressure to change the hardness of the damper.
This base-isolated building absorbs the shaking and shock of the earthquake because the floating body is floating on the water, but the building and the floating body may be shaken by the wind even when strong winds blow.
In this case, a device using the above-described airbag-type damper can lock the floating body and prevent fluctuation due to wind pressure by increasing the internal air pressure and tightening from the four side walls toward the floating body.

The seismic oscillation is transmitted to the foundation as it is, and the foundation is exactly the same as the earthquake oscillation, but the motion of the foundation is transmitted to the water in the pool, the motion of the water is transmitted to the floating body, and the motion of the floating body is braked by the damper. .
Earthquakes that occur from a depth of several kilometers to several tens of kilometers in the ground have a considerable change in the acceleration of the earthquake on the surface due to the geology that propagates.
It is diverse, ranging from hard formations such as bedrock to clay particles with fine particles containing a large amount of water, but in hard formations the seismic waves have a high acceleration and a large destructive force on buildings, etc. In the formation, even if the amplitude is large, the acceleration is small and the destructive force is small.
This base-isolated building that floats the building in the horizontal direction to mitigate the acceleration of seismic oscillation is effective for seismic waves with large acceleration and strong destructive force.

The seismic isolation device equipped with the airbag type damper reduces the internal pressure and softens the impact against the former earthquake with a large acceleration.
The latter earthquake with a small acceleration due to geology may cause the oscillation frequency to resonate and double the amplitude. It is better to increase the air pressure in the airbag to suppress the resonance effect and reduce the seismic isolation effect.
The present invention can freely select this by stepless adjustment of the air pressure.
The air bag type damper (43) on the right side of FIG. 2 (a) supplies the compressed air of the compressor (21) via the air supply valve (22), and the exhaust valve (23) communicates with the circuit. The internal air pressure can be freely adjusted and set by a regulator (26).

The air supply device (27) having the pressure adjusting function is shown in FIGS. 2 (b) and 2 (c), and is connected to the airbag type dampers on the four sides of the floating body via the communication hose (17).
Therefore, the left and lower airbags in (c) are pushed by the floating body, the horizontal cross-sectional area is reduced, and the internal pressure is slightly increased.
The air having a high atmospheric pressure slightly flows into the other airbag via the communicating hose (17), but the floating body moves in the reverse direction during the movement, and the pressure is reversed, so that the amount of air movement is small.
In (c), a rigid cylindrical damper (42) having a hollow rubber tube is also provided together with the airbag type damper as shown in the figure, and the brake is applied so that a sudden brake is applied before the floating body collides with the inner surface of the side wall.

The seismic isolation building of FIG. 2 can be used as a flood-resistant building that rises with the site where the building is a floating body against storm surge floods.
The building with the anchor pole (15) in Fig. 2 protects the building from flooding and prevents horizontal flow of the floating body by flowing water in the event of storm surges such as tsunami, river flooding, and typhoon storm surge. This will be described in detail below.
The anchor pole part of FIG. 2 (a) is enlarged and described in FIG. 3, and a sheath member (24) made of a steel pipe pipe penetrates the floating body in a vertical and vertical direction in a watertight manner. An anchor pole (15) is inserted.
A band brake (25) is provided at the upper end portion of the sheath member, and the brake action is released by turning the round handle so that the anchor pole falls downward.
The anchor pole on the right side of FIG. 2 (a) is released by releasing the brake action according to storm surge inundation information, and the lower end of the anchor pole is inserted into a locking member (28) which is a metal hole drilled in the bottom of the foundation. .

The open / close door (19) at the right end of FIG. 2 closes the inlet (29) through which storm surge inflow flows.
It is closed during normal times and is released when the danger of inundation is approaching.
FIG. 4 shows a situation where a storm surge has come from the direction of the right arrow. First, the inundation flows into the pool from the opened door through the inlet (29).
As the water level in the pool rises, the floating body begins to rise above a predetermined level, but the anchor pole does not have buoyancy and floats while sliding with the sheath member while leaving the anchor pole.
Although the floating body receives a large force that flows in the left direction in the figure due to the flow rate of water, the lower end of the anchor pole integrated with the floating body is inserted and connected to the locking member (28) pole hole on the bottom of the foundation, and the floating body is not flowed.

In the case of tsunami storm surge inundation, once the water level rises and flows into the land from the sea, it becomes a sudden tide from the land to the sea, and the second wave and third wave often come back again.
The floating body repeats ascent and descent as the water level changes, and the flow direction is reversed each time. However, the floating body is not washed away by the anchoring action of the anchor pole and the locking member.
When the storm surge ends, the anchor pole is raised to the original position, the water in the pool is drained, and the water level can be returned to the original level to continue use as a seismic isolation building.
In FIG. 4, when the water level (30) is higher and the stopper (31) at the upper end of the anchor pole and the band brake (25) come into contact with each other and the floating body rises, the anchor pole is pulled out from the locking member and the braking action is lost, and the floating body is submerged. Washed away
However, in this case, the floating body is tossed by the submerged flow while the anchor pole is suspended, but if the water level is lowered due to a slight drop in the center of gravity, the anchor pole is pushed up at that position and landed on the ground.

The seismically isolated building described in FIG. 1 can be used as it is as a flood-proof building.
FIG. 5 shows a situation in which a storm surge hits and inundation flows into the pool foundation, and the floating body rises above the predetermined water surface level together with the building.
The flow rate of the storm surge in the direction of the right arrow acts as a strong force that pushes the floating body to the left side, but the floating body abuts on the foundation side wall and the damper (4) in the pool to prevent the floating body from flowing.
This flow blocking structure is simpler than the anchor action of the anchor pole and the locking member of the previous embodiment, is strong and is extremely sturdy because it is in contact with the side wall of the floating body and the side wall of the pool.
However, when the flooded water level is high and the bottom surface of the floating body is higher than the pool side wall, the abutment is lost and the anchoring action is lost, and the floating body and the building are flown and played with running water.
Even so, unless the floating body collides with a structure or the like and is damaged, the body and the person evacuating to the floating body and the floating body are protected.

The present inventor experimented with a model how the water in the pool moves in response to an earthquake.
FIG. 6 to FIG. 8 are experiments using a kitchen cooking aluminum water tank (33) having a length of 40 × width of 25 × depth of 5 centimeters reciprocated in the left-right direction by a manual crank device (32).
(A) is the moment when the water tank is moved to the right and turned to the left at the right dead center and immediately stopped. The water that moved to the right together with the aquarium collided with the right side wall and swelled up, and the mountain swelled by the reaction began to move to the left. At this time, the movement of the aquarium has stopped, but the mountain of waves is traveling at a constant speed in the left direction as shown in (b).
In (c), the mountain collides with the left side wall, changes its direction by the reaction, and starts moving to the right. (D) again collides with the right side wall and changes direction.
Although the movement is as described above, every time the direction is changed over time, the wave height H becomes lower and disappears after three or four times of direction change.

FIG. 7 shows a case where the crank device is continuously rotated in the above-described experiment. (A) moves the water tank in the right direction and changes the direction to the left at the right dead center to be in the state of (b).
In (c), when the movement of the water tank is changed to the right before the mountain of water reaches the left side wall, a new mountain is formed on the left side wall as indicated by a dotted line and proceeds to the right.
The mountain on the right wall is shown by a solid line, and the mountain made on the left wall is shown by a dotted line. A mountain-shaped wave as shown in (d) is created. It is a situation where it propagates at a constant speed.
The mountain waves from the left and right are traveling while interfering with each other, but if the waves are fixed to a certain period so that the waves from the left and right waves are synchronized, the wave height increases and the movement stops.
The mountain is certainly moving to the left as the mountain from the right and the mountain from the left is moving to the right as described above, but when observed from the side, the mountain from the left and right collide and interfere with each other. As shown in (e), all the waves appear to stop at a fixed position at the same wave height.

Next, as an experiment in the case where the wave period was particularly long, the crank device was moved as shown in FIG.
First, in (a), the water tank was moved to the right and turned to the left at the right dead center, and immediately stopped.
The mountain of waves travels to the left as shown in (b).
When the water tank is moved to the right and stopped at the moment when it hits the left dead center as shown in (c) and collides with the side wall and is reflected, the peak of the wave is amplified and increased to the right as shown in (d).
Similarly, wait until the wave reaches the right side wall, and move the water tank to the left again. By performing the same operation, the right side of the water tank shown by the solid line and the left side as shown by the dotted line are shown in FIG. There will be a mountain of waves at the end and it will go back and forth.
When the floating body is accommodated as shown in (g), the solid floating body is swung by a solid line wave, and the wavy floating body is shaken with a large slant in the left-right direction as indicated by arrows.

When the actual motion of the base-isolated building floating body is estimated from the above experiment, the floating body does not incline when a plurality of wave peaks are formed in the length direction of the floating body as described in FIG. In this case, the left and right of the floating body move up and down and partially rotate, which is extremely fatal inconvenience.
In order to avoid this, the present inventor proposes and proposes the seismic isolation building shown in FIG.
Fig.9 (a) is a sectional side view of a seismic isolation building, (b) is the elements on larger scale of the lower left division line part.
In this embodiment, the water level line (3) of water supplied into the pool is lowered below the draft line (36) of the floating body.
The floating body flooding depth is the value obtained by dividing the total weight of the floating body itself and the weight of all the buildings and fixtures loaded on it (hereinafter referred to as floating body weight) by the floating body area. If it is above the waterline, the floating body will rise completely.
If the water surface line falls below the water line, the floating body will not rise, but Archimedes's theorem will receive buoyancy equal to the weight of water below the water surface line of the floating body.
Accordingly, the weight of the floating body is reduced by the above buoyancy and is applied to the bottom surface of the pool.

FIG. 9 shows a Teflon (registered trademark) having a similar bottom surface on the bottom of a floating body, in which a metallic sliding plate (34) such as a stainless steel plate having a rust-proofing force and low sliding resistance is stretched on the bottom of the pool. A painted slide leg (35) is integrally provided, and the slide leg of the floating body is placed on the slide plate so as to slide in the horizontal direction with little resistance.
If the water level line (3) is set to an appropriate value, the floating body will not partially float and move up and down due to the large fluctuation of the water surface described in FIG. 8, and the floating body volume below the water surface line. Since the weight of the floating body is reduced by the amount of water, and it is immersed in water, water becomes a lubricant, and the floating body is slidable in the horizontal direction with little sliding resistance.
When the sliding plate (34) integrated with the foundation (2) swings in the horizontal direction along with the earthquake swing, the sliding leg (35) integrated with the bottom surface of the floating body slides left and right on the sliding plate and the side surface of the floating body Hits the damper (4), and the damper is once compressed and then pushes back the floating body so as to have the original shape.

The floating body slides to the damper on the opposite side by the pushed-back force and the swing of the sliding plate.
That is, the floating body swings left and right on the sliding plate, and its movement is braked by the dampers at both ends thereof and pushed back in the opposite direction to repeat it.
By the above operation, the swing of the base sliding plate is transmitted to the sliding leg of the floating body, but a large part of the acceleration is reduced by the slip, and the amplitude width is reduced by the damping of the damper, so that the floating body is loose. Is transmitted as a small oscillation.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 13 is a new structure in which the acceleration of the earthquake is reduced and the floating body swings horizontally, and the damper mechanism which controls the floating body and returns the floating body to its original position. It is configured.
FIG. 10 (a) is a side sectional view of the present embodiment. The floating body with the building (9) built on the upper part is housed in a pool-type foundation and is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body (35) cylindrical damper ( 41) and placed on a sliding plate (34) receptor (39) provided on the bottom of the pool.
In addition, an anchor device is provided at the four-way corner portion of the floating body, and an opening / closing door (19) through which water flows is provided at the right end portion.
(B) is a plan view showing the planar arrangement of the above-mentioned side sectional view as shown in the figure.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the lane marking at the lower left of FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a main part of the sliding plate (34) and sliding leg (35) dustproof cover (38) damper and receptor (39). It is a bird's-eye view explaining structure and operation of these.
First, a large number of sliding plates (34) made of a metal plate having a low rust resistance and sliding resistance, such as stainless steel, are integrally stretched on the bottom of the pool.
Next, the sliding surface (37) at the lower end portion is integrally connected to the bottom surface of the floating body and the sliding leg (35) having low rust resistance and sliding resistance is integrally connected to the bottom surface of the floating body. Put it on.
Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a dustproof cover (38) is provided on the sliding plate (34) so as to be outside the sliding surface as shown in FIG. .
In order to make the explanation easy to understand, the figure is deformed and the space between the dust-proof cover and the sliding surface is vacant. However, in reality, the dust-proof cover and the sliding surface are closely adhered to prevent entry of dust.

Next, a cylindrical rubber (41) made of a synthetic rubber material with excellent durability against pulling and compression with cylindrical rubber as the main material and excellent in restoring force is manufactured, and the bottom of the floating body and the bottom of the pool are formed by the damper. It connects via a receptor (39).
Synthetic rubber cylindrical dampers are provided with flanges at both upper and lower ends, and the upper end flange is directly connected to the floating body by bolts and nuts, but the lower end flange is inserted into the upper opening cylindrical receptor (39) fixed to the bottom of the pool Has been.

The swing of the earthquake is first transmitted to the pool, and when the bottom of the pool swings, the floating body with a large weight and inertial force due to the large weight is the sliding plate integrated with the bottom of the pool and the sliding surface of the bottom of the floating body Is transmitted to the floating body by sliding with little frictional resistance.
Since the lower end flange of the cylindrical damper is inserted into the receptor on the bottom surface of the pool, only the horizontal movement is fixed to the bottom surface of the pool, and the upper end flange is fixed to the bottom surface of the floating body.
Therefore, the relative swinging of the bottom surface of the pool and the bottom surface of the floating body exerts a force so as to return to the original position by the restoring force of the damper, and always resists horizontal movement of the floating body.
In other words, the swinging of the floating body is reduced by slipping the peak part of acceleration by sliding rather than the swinging of the bottom of the foundation, and the amplitude is reduced by receiving resistance from the damper at the end of the floating body swinging movement. Is transmitted to the floating body with a gentle waveform.

Next, the action at the time of flooding in the storm surge of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 13 receives the storm surge inundation information as described in FIGS. 4 and 5 and opens the door (19), and the storm surge flood flows into the pool and the floating body rises.
However, due to the anchoring action of the anchor pole and the locking member, the floating body does not flow at the inundation flow rate but floats vertically upward.
The floating body floats as shown in the figure with the sliding leg (35) and the cylindrical damper (41) integrally connected to the bottom surface of the floating body suspended.
If the water in the pool is drained by the drainage pump after the storm surge inundation is completed, the floating body descends vertically by the sliding of the anchor pole and the sheath member (24) and is placed at the original position.

The earthquake swings not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical vertical direction. Therefore, in normal earthquakes, horizontal and vertical shaking overlap, and the earth is shaking diagonally.
It may be understood that the shaking in the oblique direction is decomposed and acts on the building in the horizontal direction and the vertical vertical direction.
The seismic oscillation of the base-isolated building of the present invention is considered for the horizontal oscillation of the above oblique oscillation.
Vertical shaking is subject to acceleration that causes the weight of the upper material to change periodically relative to the building. In general, a sufficient load-bearing design is calculated for a building from the top, and the acceleration of the earthquake is much smaller than the roll, so there is little risk of building collapse.

Moreover, the buffer transmission means interposed between the foundation and the floating body of the base-isolated building described so far slips the portion where the rocking acceleration of the foundation is large and transmits it to the floating body.
The acceleration is a change in speed per unit time. When the acceleration is extremely small, the foundation swing is transmitted to the floating body without slipping.
In this case, when the relative positional relationship between the foundation and the floating body changes, the damper acts to return it to the original state, but the foundation and the floating body swing together and the relative positional relationship does not change, so the damper does not act.
This seismic wave has a very long period or a very minute period, and has no destructive force and does not require seismic isolation.
Therefore, this seismic isolation action acts automatically and selectively only on rocking with a large acceleration to prevent the destruction of buildings and fixtures.

Up to now, all floating structures such as floating piers have been built at shipyards, and once completed, they were launched and moved to the necessary places by offshore towing work.
However, the multipurpose disaster evacuation building of the present invention is a land building, and is constructed as a permanent building for several decades or more as it is built at various construction sites.
A barge type floating body like a large ship must be constructed in a place without a large crane such as a shipyard.
FIG. 14 is a proposal for a method of constructing a large floating body at a construction site in a narrow city. The portal crane (44) is used for loading and unloading equipment, and it is extremely convenient for assembly work. A method is provided.

When the construction of the pool-type foundation is completed, the portal crane (44), which uses the upper surface of the pool side wall (48) as a rail and the flexible rubber wheel (45) for the trolley cart, matches the pool size at the construction site. It is assembled every time.
One end of the I-beam (47) protrudes and is assembled so that the equipment can be lifted up directly from a vehicle parked outside the pool.
The portal traveling crane (44) is used for loading and unloading floating materials and jigs and tools, and is extremely useful for moving all the work pieces in the pool, such as lifting and turning the work pieces and welding adhesion. It can be used for applications.

When building a floating body with steel plates, maintenance work by surface treatment must be performed once every several to several tens of years to prevent rust.
In addition, surface treatment such as painting is necessary every time seawater enters the pool after being flooded by a typhoon.
In a system in which a sliding leg is provided between the bottom of the pool and the bottom of the floating body, and the floating body is always installed above the bottom of the pool by the height of the sliding leg, a number of jacks are provided in parallel with the sliding leg by an operator (not shown). It is possible to temporarily install a lift, raise all of them in synchronism, push the floating body together with the building, remove the rust on the bottom of the floating body, and perform processing such as repainting.
In the case of a system in which water is normally put into the pool, water is further supplied from a predetermined level to float the floating body, and a number of mounts are temporarily installed between the floating body and the bottom of the pool by underwater work to temporarily drain the water.
If necessary, the floating body is further lifted by a lift jack, and the surface treatment of the bottom surface of the floating body is performed.
Next, water can be supplied to the pool again, the floating body is floated, the frame is removed, and finally, maintenance processing can be performed by supplying water to a predetermined level.

When the bottom of the pool is horizontal, it takes a very long time for draining. Therefore, FIG. 15 shows an embodiment in which a drain gradient is provided on the bottom of the pool.
FIG. 15A is a side sectional view of a pool-type foundation, FIG. 15B is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 15C is a side sectional view seen from the front of FIG.
The bottom of the pool has a one-hundredth water gradient toward the central drainage groove (49) as shown by arrows (b) and (c), and the drainage groove is a bottom surface as shown by the dotted line in (a). Is inclined downward so that water is collected in the drain pit (50) at the right end with a downward slope toward the right.
When draining the water in the pool, although not shown, a drainage operation is performed by inserting a submersible pump for drainage into the drainage pit.

The present invention is an evacuation facility for earthquakes and tsunami disasters, and it is predicted that a Nankai earthquake or a Tonankai earthquake will occur in the near future.
River flooding and storm surge damage due to typhoons occur almost every year, and Hurricane Katrina, who hit New Orleans, Louisiana, USA during the preparation of this application document, appears to have killed thousands of people. The present invention is extremely effective as a means.
By providing technically complete equipment, the construction and shipbuilding industries also have significant industrial potential.
The great tsunami that hit the Indian Ocean coastal area at the end of December 2004 devastated hundreds of thousands of people and enjoyed marine resorts within a few hours.

Many tourists will not turn to coastal resorts until some absolutely reliable rescue facility for the tsunami is completed.
The present invention can prove to be a great food for guaranteeing a safe life for many people living in the marine resort industry and the coastal area by proving its safety effect.
In addition, the present invention can be applied to general residential buildings and large hotels and built in coastal lowlands where storm surge damage is likely to occur. there is a possibility.

(A) of a multipurpose disaster evacuation building is a side sectional view (b) is a plan view of the same. (A) of another Example same as the above is a side sectional view (b) and (c) are the same plan views. The enlarged view in the division line of Fig.2 (a). The sectional side view at the time of storm surge inundation of FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of the storm surge flooded in FIG. (A) thru | or (d) is a rocking | fluctuation experiment side view by the aluminum tank for cooking (33) using a crank apparatus (32). Same as (a) to (e). (A) to (g) are the same as above. (A) is a side cross-sectional view of a base-isolated building by a slip slide of a slide leg (35) on which a base isolation mechanism is placed on a slide plate (34) and a damper (4). (B) is the elements on larger scale of (a). (A) is a side cross-sectional view of a base-isolated building by a slip slide of a slide leg (35) on which a base isolation mechanism is placed on a slide plate (34) and a damper (4). (B) is a plan view of the same. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a parting line part of FIG. FIG. 12 is a bird's-eye view of the main part sliding legs (35) and the cylindrical damper (41) in FIG. FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of the multipurpose disaster evacuation building of FIG. A bird's-eye view of work by the portal crane (44) using the side wall upper surface (48) as a rail. (A) is the sectional side view which provided the drainage groove (49) in the pool form foundation. (B) is a plan view of the same. (C) is the sectional side view seen from the side of (a).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Floating body 2 ... Foundation 3 ... Water surface line 4 ... Damper 5 ... Water source
6. Level sensor
7 ... Water supply valve
8 ... Bulkhead
9 ... Building 10 ... Moving position 11 ... Bottom 12 ... Side wall
13 ... Floating body bottom 14 ... Side
15 ... Anchor pole
16 ... Locking member 17 ... Communication hose 18 ... Steel plate 19 ... Open / close door 20 ... Ground 21 ... Compressor 22 ... Air supply valve 23 ... Exhaust valve 24 ... Sheath member 25 ... Band brake 26 ... Regulator 27 ... Air supply device 28 ... Engagement Stop member 29 ... Inlet 30 ... Water level 31 ... Stopper 32 ... Crank device 33 ... Water tank 34 ... Sliding plate 35 ... Sliding leg 36 ... Water line 37 ... Sliding surface 38 ... Dustproof cover 39 ... Receptor 40 ... Tire type damper 41 ... Cylindrical damper 42 ... Cylindrical damper 43 ... Bag-type damper 44 ... Portal traveling crane 45 ... Rubber wheel 46 ... Hoist 47 ... I-beam 48 ... Upper surface 49 ... Drainage groove 50 ... Drainage pit

Claims (5)

The building is a building that reduces and softens the acceleration of rocking caused by an earthquake and prevents the building and internal equipment from being damaged and overturned. A multi-purpose disaster evacuation building characterized by conditions.
1. A container structure pool type foundation having an open top surface and side walls and a bottom surface is provided.
2. A trolley type floating body is accommodated in the pool type foundation and a building is built on the floating body.
3. A transmission means for buffering and transmitting an earthquake swing is provided between the foundation and the floating body.
4. A damper is provided between the foundation and the floating body to limit the amplitude range of earthquake oscillation.
5, When the earthquake occurs, the foundation transmits the acceleration of the earthquake directly with the ground, but the floating body transmits the vibration with the building and the damper via the transmission means and the damper, and reduces the acceleration of the earthquake and the amplitude of the floating body and the building. The width was reduced.
6, Open the inflow port where storm surge inflow flows into the inside of the pool type foundation.
7. Provided with an anchor pole that is integral with the carrier type floating body and expands and contracts vertically downward when viewed from the floating body.
8. A locking member is provided integrally with the foundation on the bottom surface of the pool-type foundation, and the anchor pole and the locking member are coupled and integrated.
9. The floating body floats vertically upward when it is in a flooded state, but the anchor pole is coupled and fixed to the locking member so as to prevent horizontal flow of the floating body due to flowing water.   The multipurpose disaster evacuation building according to claim 1, wherein the transmission means transmits the rocking of the foundation caused by an earthquake to the floating body through the water with the water stored in the foundation.   The sliding means is mounted on the sliding plate with a sliding plate integral with the foundation provided on the bottom surface of the transmission means and a sliding leg integrally connected to the floating body on the bottom surface of the floating body. A multipurpose disaster evacuation building as set forth in paragraph 1.   2. The multipurpose disaster evacuation building according to claim 1, wherein the damper is an elastic object provided between a foundation side wall and a floating body side surface. 2. The multipurpose disaster evacuation building according to claim 1, wherein the damper is an elastic object provided between the bottom of the foundation and the bottom of the floating body.

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