JP2006322311A - Floating body construction method of high tide-floating building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating body construction method of a high tide-floating building, without causing flooding in a high tide, by floating the building itself, even if a tidal wave and a typhoon high tide are caused. <P>SOLUTION: This method constructs the building constituted so that persons dwell by constructing the building on a floating body in a pontoon type building of a floating body structure for preventing flooding of the building to damage by a high tide flood such as the tidal wave, a typhoon and river flooding. A floating body constructing maintenance method of the high tide-floating building is characterized by depending on one or four processes as follows : (1) a pedestal endurable against areal weight of a pontoon type floating body is formed on a bottom surface of a foundation, and the foundation for forming a maintenance passage adjacent to the pedestal and lower than the pedestal is constructed, (2) the pontoon type floating body is assembled and constructed in a pedestal upper surface space, (3) three or more of jack lifts are introduced into the maintenance passage, and the pontoon type floating body is lifted by synchronously operating the jack lift, and surface treatment processing of a pontoon type floating body bottom surface is performed, and (4) after finishing the process, the floating body is lowered by synchronously operating the jack lift, and the floating body is arranged by being placed on an upper surface of the pedestal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a floating body of a high tide floating building that protects human lives and precious assets from floods such as a large tsunami caused by a large earthquake, a typhoon storm surge, or a flood due to concentrated heavy rain, and where people live safely.

December 26, 2004 A major underwater earthquake off the coast of Malaysia caused a major flood in the coastal areas of the Indian Ocean coastal countries, resulting in delayed transmission of information. Came out.
There were no evacuation facilities for tsunami damage in the traditional coastal areas, and there was no other way than evacuating to the upper floors of mounds and high-rise buildings.
Governments and local governments concerned with tsunami damage are now developing software to predict the occurrence of major earthquakes and how to detect tsunamis as soon as possible, and to communicate to many people. Focus on construction.

The quickest way to escape to a small mountain or high-rise building is a way to stop damage.
However, there are many rural areas where there are many plains where there are no mountains and high-rise buildings, and there are many coastal areas where it is difficult to evacuate quickly because the time is far away.
Along with the construction of information transmission and communication means for generating tsunamis, it is extremely important to develop hardware and equipment such as equipment and facilities as means for evacuation when encountering a tsunami.
In addition, due to typhoon storm surges that hit several times a year and river flood damage due to torrential rain, people living in the lowland have suffered enormous human property damage every year due to storm surge inundation and flood inundation.

In Japan, the possibility of the Nankai and Tonankai earthquakes at the beginning of this century is high, so a tower-type shelter with a steel structure of more than 10 meters has been proposed.
However, there is a question as to whether a large number of men and women of all ages can climb a refuge at a height of more than a dozen meters using stairs within a short time. Since there is no guarantee that the height is within a few dozen meters, it has not yet reached the stage of popularization.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high tide floating building that can escape difficulty just by entering an evacuated building installed on a flat ground without climbing a height of dozens of meters during evacuation.
In addition, the frequency of use of the building against the tsunami of the present invention is extremely close to zero, and it is extremely rare to use it as a tsunami evacuation building. Therefore, it is an object to provide a high tide floating building that can be used for various purposes other than for evacuation. And
Another object of the present invention is to provide a high tide levitation building that can support lifesaving in any high water level tsunami of more than a dozen meters or more, for example, a hundred meters or more.
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide general buildings and residential houses that are free from the risk of inundation and flooding due to storm surges and river flooding floods that frequently hit tsunamis.
Furthermore, this invention makes it a subject to disclose the proposal of the floating body construction method of the said storm surge floating building.

A floating type structure that prevents flooding of buildings against storm surges such as tsunamis, typhoons, and river floods. In the method, the floating body construction method of a high tide floating building characterized by the following steps 1 to 4.
1. A pedestal capable of withstanding the weight in the air of a pedestrian floating body is formed on the bottom surface of the foundation, and a foundation is formed adjacent to the pedestal and forming a maintenance passage lower than the pedestal.
2. Assemble and construct a carrier type floating body in the space above the pedestal.
3. Introduce three or more jack lifts into the maintenance passage, operate the jack lifts synchronously to raise the barge type floating body, and construct the surface treatment of the bottom surface of the barge type floating body.
4. After completion of the above steps, the floating body is installed by synchronously operating a jack lift to lower the floating body and placing it on the upper surface of the pedestal.

It is equipped with an evacuation floating body that protects human lives and movable property against floods such as tsunamis, typhoons, and river floods, and is constructed so that evacuees evacuate on the floating body based on the flood information.
In addition, in response to droughts that are frequently flooded due to typhoon storm surges, river floods, etc., we will provide safe general buildings that do not flood and storm surge floating buildings that provide residential housing spaces.
The trolley type building of the present invention includes all the objects inhabited by a person on a floating body, and is integrated with a floating body such as a building constructed on a floating body from a space below the floating deck and a handrail provided on the floating body. Includes all living spaces.

In the present invention, a solid foundation is constructed with concrete at a necessary construction place, and a building which is a floating body of a trolley structure is simply placed thereon.
The floating body is provided with an anchor pole protruding from the bottom of the floating body, and a pole hole is drilled on the surface so that the anchor pole is inserted into the foundation.
If a high water level such as a tsunami, typhoon storm surge or river bank inundation due to torrential rain occurs and the water level exceeds the floating waterline, the floating body will receive buoyancy from the water surface in the direction of detaching from the upper surface of the foundation and rising.
The floating body rises as the water level rises, but the anchor pole protruding downward from the floating body and the side wall of the pole hole of the foundation are fixed in contact with each other, and the floating body receives a horizontal force to the flowing water but does not flow vertically To surface.
Just as the lower end of the anchor pole is inserted into the base pole hole, a cylindrical protrusion may be embedded in the bottom of the foundation instead of the pole hole, and the anchor pole lower end cylinder may be inserted into the cylindrical protrusion. As long as the structure is locked to the bottom surface of the foundation.

Further, in addition to the first anchor device for preventing horizontal movement of the floating body caused by running water by the anchor pole and the pole hole, the second anchor device is as follows.
A floating body is placed on the pedestal, and a guide wall that extends integrally with the foundation in the vertical direction is formed on the floating body side surface, and the guide wall is configured to abut on the floating body side surface with a slight interval.
When a high water level occurs due to storm surge and flowing water flows into the basic maintenance passage, the floating body floats up, but the floating body is in contact with the guide wall, so the floating body slides on the guide wall and rises vertically. However, it is configured to prevent horizontal movement by running water.

The tsunami often causes the first wave to rise, the water level to rise, then suddenly becomes a tidal current, and the destroyed parts of the land are removed to the sea, and then the second and third storm surges often arrive.
In the case of the first anchor device, if the height of the storm surge is within the length of the anchor pole, the floating body will move up and down with the water level without being flushed, and if the water level drops, the floating body will be placed in its original position. The
When the water level rises further, the floating body rises and the lower end of the anchor pole comes out of the pole hole, the anchor device composed of the anchor pole and the pole hole stops anchoring, and the floating body is in a state where it is washed away by tidal current and flood water.

The floating body becomes free when the anchor pole is suspended, and it is tossed while flowing, but it does not sink and sinks, and there is a high possibility that the life on the floating body will be saved.
In the case of the second anchor device, when the four sides of the floating body and the guide wall are in contact with each other, the structure is simple and the anchor pole has no fear of bending and exhibits a strong anchoring action.
However, if the height of the storm surge is higher than the upper end of the guide wall and the contact with the floating body side surface is released, the floating body will be washed away by tidal currents and flooding water as in the case of the first anchor device. It will not sink unless it crashes and breaks.

In addition, the storm surge floating building of the present invention is a land building, and there is a fate that a large floating body must be built by local construction in an urban area where large facilities such as shipyards cannot be used.
Therefore, it was necessary to develop special construction means and methods in order to construct huge floating bodies and buildings with small equipment that can be easily moved.
The present invention is inserted into a maintenance passage provided on the basis of a movable small jack lift, and theoretically, three or more jack lifts are moved up and down in synchronization to perform surface treatment from the outside of the bottom of the floating body. A construction method was developed.

The recently proposed tsunami evacuation device is a steel-structured tower with a height of several tens of meters, and is provided with an evacuation platform with handrails of about 10 meters square on the top and an elevating stairs.
It is extremely difficult and time-consuming for a large number of people, more than 100 people, to go up the stairs of a few dozen meters promptly after receiving tsunami information.
According to the storm surge levitated building of the present invention, the hull that floats on the surface of the water receives the buoyancy equal to the weight of the water below the waterline at the bottom of the hull due to the condition for the floating body to float, that is, Archimedes' theorem.
(It is a building constructed on land, but when it is inundated, it becomes a ship that floats on the water, and vessel terms such as deck are also used below for easy understanding.)

The trolley type floating body used in the storm surge levitated building of the present invention has a ship bottom area that is almost equal to the deck in terms of structural features, and is filled with a flat hull structure with a shallow draft and extremely low height to obtain the required buoyancy. To do.
Therefore, the height of the floating body is extremely low when evacuating on the floating body, and an elevating passage can be arranged on the front and rear side surfaces of the floating body, and a large number of people can board at the same time when going up and down the stairs.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the foundation has a container structure having a side wall and a bottom surface, and the container-like foundation is buried below the ground and the height of the bottom surface is lowered below the ground, so that the floating body is placed on the bottom base. It is a structure, and the height of the floating deck can be set to the same level as the ground GL.
Therefore, a large number of personnel can be evacuated in a short time compared to the tower-type refuge described above.

Furthermore, the frequency of use of this evacuation floating body is only once every several decades or hundreds of years. For this purpose, not only for evacuation of tsunamis and typhoons, but also for non-evacuation at all times. It is desirable to be a multipurpose facility that can make effective use of land and facilities.
In other words, even if the main boat type floating body is installed and the land of a certain area is occupied, the floating body is dedicated to the plane area of the container-type foundation that enters below the ground and the floating body enters.
In addition, a passage from the deck to the inside of the floating hull can be provided to effectively use the volume below the deck as a basement.
It is possible to provide ordinary homes that can be equipped with almost all buildings, such as gathering halls, hotels, restaurants, kindergartens, schools, residential houses, etc.

When used for tsunami evacuation, even if the sea level rises suddenly and a tide flows at a high flow rate from the sea to the land, the first anchor device has a pole hole drilled in the foundation made of reinforced concrete and an anchor pole. The floating body is fixed by the anchor device by, so that it will not flow into the tide.
In the second anchor device, the floating body is placed on the pedestal, and a guide wall extending in the vertical direction integral with the foundation is formed on the floating body side surface, and the guide wall is configured to come into contact with the floating body side surface.
When a high water level occurs due to storm surge and flowing water flows into the basic maintenance passage, the floating body floats up, but the floating body is in contact with the guide wall, so the floating body slides on the guide wall and rises vertically. However, it is configured to prevent horizontal movement caused by running water.

As the water level rises, the floating body rises by receiving buoyancy from the submerged water, but rises vertically upward without being swept away by the anchor action of the anchor device.
In a storm surge such as a tsunami, the water that has flowed from the sea to the land will then flow rapidly from the land to the sea. Also in this case, the floating body is prevented from moving in the horizontal direction by the anchor device, and the floating body itself descends vertically downward as the water surface descends and is returned to the original position without being flown on the ocean. The upper body and structures built on the floating body are protected.

When the water surface of the tsunami is extremely high and the anchor pole is pulled out of the anchor hole of the foundation with the first anchor device, the floating body becomes free and is tampered with the movement of seawater.
Even when the floating body side surface and the guide wall come off in the second anchor device, the floating body becomes free and is tossed with the movement of seawater.
However, in any of these cases, the floating body will not sink unless it collides with a large-scale structure on land, and the human life on board and the building on the floating body are protected.

The present inventor has filed an invention and device of the same kind as the present invention in a prior application as follows.
1, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-137
2, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-4065 “Water Vessel Evacuated Ship”
3, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-12248 "Floating-flooring type building"
4, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-16873 “Floating Structure”
5, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-21277 “Taiwan Type Floating Structure”
6, Actual application 2005-571 "Floating building"
7, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-34075 “Floating Buildings”
8, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-45533 “Floating Building for Flooding and its Construction Method”
9, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-72728 “Building that does not flood and its construction method”
10, Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-95126 “Non-immersed Building and its Construction Method”
The present invention relates to an improvement of the above-described invention and device, and has been created in consideration of maintenance while expanding the range of use more specifically and practically.
The present invention also provides a method for constructing a floating body of a high tide floating building by considering the specific manufacturing method of the present invention and improving the configuration suitable for the manufacturing method.

In particular, the present invention relates to a construction method of a trolley type floating body at a construction site, and all trolleys up to now have several tens of tons or more of large cranes that can be lifted and moved, rail-type crafts, dry docks, floating docks, and other shipbuilding. It was built on the premises, launched after completion, and towed offshore to the necessary sea area.
The present invention is an inland land building that does not have facilities like a shipyard, and once construction is completed, the construction site will change one after another. I had to create a construction method.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following example illustrates one aspect for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the example.

FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view for explaining the configuration of the storm surge building (10) of the present invention and the operating principle during flooding.
The foundation (4) made of reinforced concrete is mostly buried in the ground, and is a container structure pool type with a foundation bottom (18) and side walls (15) on all sides, and the upper surface of the side walls is slightly higher than the ground (9). Has been.
Three cuboid pedestals (5) are formed on the bottom surface (18), and pole holes (3) into which anchor poles (2) described later are inserted are drilled in the four corners of the pedestal.

A maintenance passage (6) is formed between the pedestal (5) and the pedestal in the same plane as the bottom surface (18), and a hydraulic cylinder type jack lift (8) is placed. As will be described later, the jack lift is a device for jacking up the floating body (1).
A hollow floating body (1) having a bottom plate, four side surfaces, and an upper surface made of a plate material such as a steel plate has a load table (11) provided therein and anchor poles (2) integrally pivoted at four corners.
The anchor pole (2) is a telescope type and expands and contracts vertically downward. In the drawing, the anchor pole (2) extends and the lower end is inserted into the pole hole (3).

The pedestal (5) of the foundation (4) has a load-bearing force that supports all the aerial weight of the floating body (1) and the building built on it, and the normal floating body (1) is placed on the pedestal.
FIG. 1 shows the situation during flooding, the water level rises to the water surface line (14), the floating body (1) rises, the anchor pole (2) extends downward, and only the tip of the pole hole (3) is at the upper end. It is in contact with the part.
The floating body (1) rises due to inundation such as a tsunami, typhoon storm surge, river flooding, and the floating body (1) is pushed by the horizontal direction due to the flow velocity, but the floating body (1) is not washed away.
The anchor pole (2) integrated with the floating body (1) receives a large force that flows in the direction of flowing water together with the floating body (1), but the anchor pole (2) and the pole hole (3) come into contact with the pole hole (3). The force acts on the foundation (4), but the foundation (4) integrated with the earth ground is immobile and the floating body (1) is not washed away.

The floating body (1) moves up and down according to the rising and falling of the water level without being poured into the running water due to the anchoring action of the anchor pole (2) and the pole hole (3). The floating body (1) is placed at rest.
When the flooded water level is abnormally high and the lower end of the anchor pole (2) comes out of the pole hole (3), the floating body (1) is tampered with the flow with the anchor pole (2) suspended.
The floating body (1) has a flat plate shape and a very stable structure on the water surface. However, when the anchor pole (2) is suspended, the center of gravity moves downward and the stability is further improved.
Therefore, unless the pontoon type floating body collides with the structure and breaks and floods, it does not sink and the building and the person on the floating body are protected.

Moreover, even if the pontoon type floating body (1) is damaged and inundated, the inundation usually occurs after a considerable period of time, and the storm surge damage is often completed by that time.
If the water level is low and the land is flat without any obstacles, the anchor pole (2) is contracted while the floating body (1) is left as it is, and placed at that position.

Next, the construction method of the storm surge levitated building (10) of the present invention at the construction site will be described in detail.
In particular, the floating body (1) is a barge type ship, and has been constructed in a shipyard equipped with facilities such as a large crane, a rail deck and a floating dock.
After completion of inundation, it is always moved or moored on the water, such as offshore towing, and the floating body of the storm surge floating building of the present invention is basically different from that constructed at the construction site and installed at that place for many years.

Once construction was completed, construction sites changed one after another, and new construction methods and structural changes appropriate for it were necessary to construct efficiently at sites without large facilities.
2 is a side sectional view of the foundation (4) viewed from the lower right to the upper left of FIG. 1, and the maintenance passage is a sectional view of the anchor pole (2) portion, although FIG. is there.
The foundation is a pool type foundation (7), and the upper surfaces of the foundation side wall portions (15) at both ends protrude slightly upward from the ground (9) so that rainwater does not flow.
As shown in FIG. 2, a pole hole (3) is drilled in the upper surface inside the pool type foundation to form a pedestal (5) on which the floating body (1) is placed, and a maintenance passage (6) that is one step lower than the pedestal adjacent to the pedestal. Is formed.

FIG. 3 is a view during the assembly work of the floating body (1). A plate material (19) such as a steel plate is laid on the base (5) and connected by welding, and the anchor pole (2) and the load base (11) are in accordance with the design document. Deploy.
The load platform (11) is arranged by estimating and designing the required strength in consideration of the balance between the load distribution of the building constructed on the floating body and the water pressure when the floating body is submerged.
Also, the partition member (50) in FIG. 4 is provided in the vertical and horizontal directions with a plate material that has a passage for a worker in parallel with the side plate member of the carrier type floating body, and prevents the floating body itself from being twisted.
FIG. 6 shows an example of a load table, A is an H-shaped steel B, a square pipe C is a cylindrical pipe welded to a flat plate at both ends, and D is a combination of four H-shaped steels and welded at both ends to a flat plate. In either case, the force acts in the direction in which the steel plate material is vertically compressed so that the load bearing strength is in the vertical direction.

The anchor pole (2) itself also has a function as a load table that receives a load in the vertical direction.
Since the floating body (1) assembly work in Fig. 3 cannot be performed because there is no work space for the surface treatment work such as welding and painting from the outside of the floating body bottom plate (17) and the side, everything except the deck (28) on the top surface of the floating body Work from the inside of the floating body.
FIG. 7 is a side view seen from the left front side to the right rear side in FIG. 1, and is a cross-sectional view at the position of the anchor pole (2). FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the pool-type foundation bottom surface AA line in the plan view.

FIG. 4 is a completed view of the floating body, and a jack lift (8) is arranged in the maintenance passage (6).
The jack lift (8) is carried into the pool-type foundation (7) from the opening (12) shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 8, and the necessary number suitable for the weight of the floating body as shown in FIG. Be placed.
FIG. 5 shows a situation in which all the jack lifts (8) are operated in synchronism to lift the entire floating body, and the anchor pole (2) extends downward due to gravity.
In this state, surface treatment work such as inspection of the floating bottom plate (17) and the outside of the side surface, that is, inspection of the welding back wave, sandblasting, and painting is performed.

Since the part where the jack lift (8) is in contact with the floating body bottom plate (17) cannot be directly operated, the part is supported by the jack lift (8) at the adjacent location and the part is lowered slightly.
As shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 8, when the difference between the height when the jack lift (8) is contracted and the height when it is extended, that is, the lift is small, and if it does not reach a sufficient height at one time, a pedestal (32) is used. Raise to the stage. The gantry shown in FIG. 8 is largely deformed for explanation.
That is, a load is deposited on the adjacent jack lift, and the platform (32) is placed on the upside and raised.

Next, all the jack lifts are lowered synchronously, the floating body is placed on the pedestal (5), and the jack lift is taken out to complete the floating body construction.
In the processing step from the outside of the bottom surface of the floating body, if it is a shipyard, the entire floating body can be lifted with a large crane and surface treatment processing such as painting can be performed freely.
In the present invention, a jack lift is inserted into the maintenance passage and the floating body is jacked up from below, and any large giant floating body can be lifted up and down by synchronizing several tens or hundreds of jack lifts. Processing is possible.

FIG. 9 shows a situation where a building is built on a floating body, and the base (35) of the building such as the building (20) and the floating body (1) are firmly connected by an anchor vault (not shown).
An opening / closing door (21) is provided in the right end opening (12) of FIG. 9, and is configured to be opened and closed by a drive device (22) manually or by power.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the opening (12) of the open / close door (21) opens widely in the width direction, and receives the inundation information such as a tsunami to rotate and release upward.
FIG. 10 shows the situation, and the flooding first collides with the door (21) and flows into the bottom surface (18) of the pool type foundation (7), and the maintenance passage becomes the water conduit (16) and quickly floods the entire pool. Then, the floating body (1) is lifted by receiving a large buoyancy.

In the figure, the anchor pole (2) extends vertically downward while the floating body rises as the water surface line (14) rises, and the lower end of the anchor pole comes into contact with the pole hole (3). Due to the anchoring action, the floating body is not swept away and maintains its position.
When the water level falls, the anchor pole (2) is shortened at the position where the floating body and the building (20) remain as they are, and placed on the original pedestal.

When the water level rises abnormally high and the lower end of the anchor pole (2) comes out of the pole hole (3), the anchoring action is lost and the building and the floating body are tampered with by the flow. As described.
It is necessary to inspect and maintain the floating bottom plate (17) and the inside of the pool type foundation (7) once every ten to several decades. At that time, as shown in FIG. 9, the door (21) is opened and a jack lift ( 8) is carried into the maintenance passage (6), and the floating body and all the buildings above it are jacked up for maintenance.
The building shown in FIG. 9 is assumed to be a wooden building, and wooden buildings are often plagued by white ant damage in areas with high humidity such as in Japan. There is no room for white ants to enter the building.

The embodiment of the storm surge levitated building (10) shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 is assumed for emergency evacuation used for tsunami evacuation.
Since the base (4) is not a pool type and the pedestal (5) is exposed on the ground (9), the hoistway (25) such as stairs must be raised on the floating body (1) deck (28).
11 is a side sectional view as seen from the side, with the bow portion of the floating body facing the storm surge from the right side, FIG. 12 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 13 is a side sectional view seen from the front side. is there.

The anchor pole (2) is not a telescopic type, but a steel pipe is inserted and communicated in a sheath member (23) integral with the floating body (1). A stopper (26) is provided at the upper end and the floating member floats to a certain extent. ) Abuts the upper end and acts to pull out the anchor pole (2).
Below the four sides of the floating body, a rainwater cover (13) is provided so as to cover the ridges (29) on the upper surface of the foundation integrally with the floating body (1). Inflow is prevented.
An open / close door (21) is provided above the right end of the maintenance passage (6), and the swing is released by receiving storm surge information such as a tsunami, and the water passage (16) also serves as a maintenance passage (6). The floating body is promoted by introducing seawater to the bottom of the floating body.

In addition, as for the open / close door (21), at the time of floating body construction or maintenance work, a jack lift (8) is introduced as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, and three or more jack lifts (8) are synchronized as in the previous embodiment. Then drive and jack up the floating body.
The size of the maintenance passage (6) is preferably a size that can be inserted by a person. However, the maintenance passage (6) may be configured to be pushed out from the front and pulled out using a jig without necessarily being put by an operator.

The left figure of FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the anchor pole (2) portion in the lane marking A of FIG. 11, and shows a situation in which the floating body receives a force flowing from the right to the left as shown by the arrow due to the flow of storm water.
The right inner wall of the sheath member (23) integral with the floating body presses the right side surface of the anchor pole, and the left side surface of the lower end of the anchor pole presses the right inner wall of the pole hole.
In this situation, the floating body is anchored by the foundation in which the pole hole (3) is perforated, and does not flow into the flowing water, but rises due to a large buoyancy due to the rising water level.
Normally, the gravity of the anchor pole and the friction force of the anchor pole and the pole hole are larger than the friction force of the sheath member and the anchor pole, and the sheath member slides and slides with the anchor pole, and the sheath member integrated with the floating body rises. To do.
Taking into account corrosion due to aging of steel, the tolerance between the outer diameter of the anchor pole and the inner diameter of the sheath member is very large and is set to a so-called stupid hole.

However, the sliding resistance between the anchor pole (2) and the sheath member (23) is large due to manufacturing dimensional errors, and the anchor pole and the sheath member are fixed to each other, and the floating body (1) has a large buoyancy, so that the stopper at the upper end of the anchor pole Before reaching (26), the anchor pole may be pulled out of the pole hole (3).
The right figure in FIG. 14 is a structure in which the structure of the sheath member (23) is partially changed so that the two upper and lower anchor poles are sandwiched by the roller wheels (36) rotatable from the left and right in the sheath member to reduce the sliding resistance. It is a thing.
The roller wheel (36) has a drum shape when the anchor pole is a round steel pipe, and a cylindrical roller when the anchor wheel is a square pipe.

The jack lift (8) and the gantry (32) used in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 15A shows a multistage telescopic hydraulic jack (38) such as hydraulic water pressure accommodated in a container-type carriage (39), two left and right free wheels (40) and two left and right fixed wheels (41). It moves in the maintenance passage with the structure supported by the push spring (37) as shown in the figure.
FIG. B shows a state in which the hydraulic jack is extended at a predetermined position and the floating body is lifted and loaded via the mount. When a load from above is applied, the push spring is bent and contracted, the bottom of the carriage hits the bottom surface of the maintenance passage, and the bottom surface of the maintenance passage supports the floating body of the upper load, and a braking action of lateral movement also occurs.
If the hydraulic jack is reduced, the original state is restored, and the bottom of the carriage rises so that the carriage can move.

FIG. 15C shows the same structure as the lift of the cross-type frame, showing the contracted state, and FIG.
Similar to the jack lift, the wheel is moved in the maintenance passage with the cart (39) structure. The actuator (43) in FIG. D adjusts the height of the gantry with a hydraulic or mechanical telescopic power cylinder.

An example of construction in a building district adjacent to a city area will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
Fig. 16 is a front cross-sectional view as seen from the road. The left side is an adjacent building (33), which is constructed closely and can only be constructed with a pool foundation (7) that is narrower than the flat area of the building (20). Absent.
The building is a reinforced concrete building and has a considerable weight, and the depth (D) of the floating body is increased in order to obtain the buoyancy of the floating body (1) according to the weight.
A caulking material (30) made of a waterproof material is filled between the building foundation (35) and the upper surface of the foundation to prevent rainwater from flowing into the pool-type foundation.

17 is a side sectional view of the right side facing the road, the central view is a plan view taken along the AA section line of the upper view, and the lower view is a plan view taken along the BB section line.
In addition, the vertical cross-sectional position in the above figure is the one cut along the CC cross-sectional line in the central figure.
A doorway (31) that can be freely opened and closed is provided in the building, and a communication hole (44) that communicates therewith and penetrates the floating body downwards in a watertight manner is provided. It is connected to the passage (6).
At the time of floating body construction or maintenance, a jack lift (not shown) is inserted through this communication hole (53) to jack up the floating body and the building.

The open / close door (21) at the right end of the upper part of FIG. 17 is the only opening for introducing water into the pool type foundation, and is opened quickly according to the information on the danger of storm surge inundation.
The storm surge inundation flows from the flowing water channel (34) through the maintenance passage (6) and the water guiding channel (16) below, and is divided into right and left as shown by the arrows in the center and passes between the floating body and the pool-type foundation side wall (15). It fills the whole, gives buoyancy to the floating body (1), and floats.
The open / close door (21) is configured to open wide and wide as shown in the central view and the lower view in order to allow water to quickly flow into the pool-type foundation.

As the opening / closing mechanism, a swing type valve, a gate valve, and an air bag type that presses compressed air into a balloon processed with a rubber plate or a liquid pressure valve that presses liquid can be used.
The open / close door is configured to be opened and closed by a manual or powered actuator (43), and is normally closed for many years to prevent the inflow of rainwater and quickly open upon receiving storm surge information.
Maintenance of the open / close door (21) and the actuator (43) allows the worker to go down to the maintenance passage (6) through the communication hole from the doorway (31) in the building and perform various inspection and maintenance work from the inside.

18 to 25, a method for manufacturing a reinforced concrete floating body in which a buoyancy mold material (45) having a large buoyancy is encapsulated in the floating body will be described in detail.
FIG. 18 shows a pool-type foundation (7) constructed and constructed with most of it buried underground.
FIG. 19 shows a state in which an anchor pole and a buoyancy mold material (45) are installed on the pedestal (5) while assembling and arranging the mold (46) according to the production drawing along the outer diameter of the floating body.
The buoyancy mold material (45) is a box body in which a polystyrene foam or a wooden formwork material is molded into a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, and is a buoyancy body for reducing the apparent specific gravity of the float body (1).
FIG. 20 shows a situation in which a reinforcing bar (47) is formed in a formwork (46) and the buoyancy mold material (45) is installed, and in particular, the buoyancy mold material (45) has a specific gravity greater than that of water when raw concrete is injected as described later. Since it floats by receiving extremely large buoyancy, the reinforcing bars (47) in the vertical direction and the upper surface of the floating body are arranged to have strength in order to suppress the floating.

21 shows a state in which the formwork (46), the buoyancy mold (45) and the reinforcing bar (47) have been arranged, and shows the AA cross section in a central view and the BB cross section in a lower view in plan view.
As shown in the center figure, the four buoyancy molds (45) at the center of the floating body are deformed into a plane L shape, and a communication hole (44) is formed through the floating body in the vertical direction. The lift (8) is lowered onto the maintenance passage through the communication hole and disposed at an appropriate position.
FIG. 22 shows the state of injecting the raw concrete (48), although it is not shown in the figure, the fluid state from the bottom of the floating body is prevented from entering cavities and bubbles by press-fitting work from the upper left through the hose (49) by the concrete pump car. Press-fill while observing.
In addition, the buoyancy-type material receives a large buoyancy from the ready-mixed concrete, so the ready-mixed concrete must be filled in stages while taking into account its hardening degree so as not to destroy the reinforcing bar arrangement.

FIG. 23 shows a state in which the ready-mixed concrete press-fitting work has been completed. When a predetermined concrete hardening time has elapsed, a jack lift is lowered and introduced from the communication hole (44) in the upper part of the floating body.
FIG. 24 shows the situation of the work of removing the formwork (46) by raising the jack lift synchronously.
After ascending, the adjacent jack lift (8) is slightly lowered to remove the part of the formwork, then the jacklift is raised to deposit the load and the others are lowered to remove the formwork.
FIG. 25 shows a situation in which all the molds are removed and the jack lift (8) is lowered synchronously, the floating body (1) manufacturing process is finished, and the jack lift is pulled up from the communication hole (44) to the upper part of the floating body.
An anchor vault (not shown) is projected on the upper surface of the reinforced concrete floating body, and a building base is connected to the anchor vault.
This concrete floating body is more advantageous in terms of maintenance because it does not corrode due to secular change than the floating body made of steel plate.

An embodiment in a general private house will be described with reference to a bird's-eye view in FIG.
This figure is difficult to distinguish if the upper figure floating body and the house are written in the lower figure. Therefore, the upper figure floating body (1) is stored in the lower figure pool type foundation (7) as shown by the arrow. Shows the situation.
A gap member for protecting a floating body side surface steel plate made of hard rubber such as a fender for use when mooring a ship, wherein the dimension between the inner surfaces of the side wall (15) of the pool base in which the floating body is stored is slightly larger than the side dimension of the floating body. (52) is inserted and the floating body is placed on the pool-type foundation pedestal (5).
The flooded water that flows in from the opening (12) at the right end of the foundation during storm surge inundation fills the pool-type foundation from the inside of the maintenance passage (6) to give buoyancy to the floating body and the floating body rises.

The inner surface of the pool-type foundation side wall (15) erected vertically above the four sides of the floating body serves as a guide wall (51), and is always in light contact with the side of the floating body via the gap member (52). The floating body floats vertically upward by preventing horizontal movement due to.
The anchor device by the guide wall (51) through the floating body side surface and the gap member has a simpler structure and a stronger anchor action than the anchor device by the anchor pole and the pole hole, and can be manufactured at a lower cost.
However, the anchor action is only while the floating body side surface is in contact with the guide wall, and if the flooded water surface is high and the floating body side surface rises above the height of the guide wall, the anchor action is lost and the water is tampered with.

Although not shown, an anchor device having an ideal anchor action can be manufactured by using the anchor device by contact between the guide wall and the floating body side surface and the anchor device by the anchor pole and the pole hole.
In other words, the first wave of the tsunami has many high-speed shock waves, but at that time the floating body is prevented from moving horizontally by the strong anchoring action of the floating body and the guide wall, the flooded water surface becomes higher, the flow velocity is lowered, and the anchor pole and pole hole The floating body flow can be prevented by the anchor action.
The gap member is not necessarily required, and facilitates contact between the floating body side surface and the pool side wall as a concrete guide wall. If there is storm surge inundation, it may be repaired at that time.

FIG. 27 shows an embodiment of a high-rise building having a large area floating body (1) and a large number of anchor poles (2).
The pool type foundation is provided with a rectangular parallelepiped base and a maintenance passage through which the jack lift can move, and the bottom surface of the maintenance passage slopes toward the drainage pit (53) indicated by the dotted line provided below the opening (12). As shown by the arrow (54), a downward water gradient is provided.
Once storm surge inundation occurs and inundates the pool, it takes a very long time to dry when the bottom of the pool is horizontal.
Although not shown in the drawing, the opening (12) at the right end of the pool-type foundation is provided with a normally closed opening / closing door and is opened by storm surge inundation information. In addition, a jack lift is introduced into the opening during maintenance of a floating body and the water in the pool is drained into a drainage pit (53) through a drainage pump and a hose after being submerged.

The present invention is an evacuation facility for a tsunami disaster, and it is predicted that a Nankai earthquake or a Tonankai earthquake will occur in the near future.
In addition, storm surge damage caused by a typhoon occurs almost every year in various places, and the present invention is extremely effective as a means to cope with this storm surge flood damage.
By providing technically complete equipment, the construction and shipbuilding industries also have significant industrial potential.
The great tsunami that hit the Indian Ocean coastal area at the end of December 2004 devastated hundreds of thousands of people and enjoyed marine resorts within a few hours.

Until some kind of absolutely reliable rescue facility against the tsunami is completed, many tourists will not turn to coastal resorts.
The present invention can prove to be a great food for guaranteeing a safe life for many people living in the marine resort industry and the coastal area by proving its safety effect.
In addition, the present invention can be applied to general residential buildings and large hotels and built in coastal lowlands where storm surge damage is likely to occur. there is a possibility.

The bird's-eye view explaining the structure of this invention high tide floating building (10), and the operation principle at the time of flooding. Pool type foundation (7) sectional view. Pool type foundation (7) cross section during floating body construction. Same as above. Same as above. An example bird's-eye view of a load table. Pool type foundation (7) side sectional view under construction of floating body construction. FIG. Side view of pool type foundation and floating body and completed building (20) side view. The action explanatory side sectional view at the time of flooding same as above. Side sectional view of the storm surge levitated building (10). FIG. The side sectional view of the storm surge levitation building seen from the front. Side view of the action and improvement of the anchor pole (2). Action | operation explanatory drawing of a jack lift (8) and a mount frame. The sectional side view from the front of the storm surge rise building example in a city area with an adjacent building. The side sectional view from the same side surface and the same plan view. A side sectional view of a pool type foundation (7). Side sectional drawing in the process of assembling a formwork (46) on a pool type | mold foundation upper surface base (5) same as the above. Same as above. Same as above. The central and lower figures are plan views. Side sectional view during concrete driving. The side sectional view at the time of completion of concrete driving. Side sectional view of jacking up floating body and removing formwork (46). Floating body (1) Side sectional view when construction is completed. The bird's-eye view of the embodiment of the anchor device by the floating body side surface and the guide wall (51) of the pool type foundation. The embodiment which provided the inclination of the downward water gradient toward the drainage pit (53) in the maintenance channel | path (6) of a pool type | mold foundation (7) bottom face.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... floating body 2 ... anchor pole 3 ... pole hole 4 ... foundation 5 ... pedestal
6 ... Maintenance passage
7 ... Pool type foundation
8 ... Jack lift
9 ... ground 10 ... storm tide building 11 ... loading platform 12 ... opening
13 ... Rainwater hippo 14 ... Water surface line
15 ... side wall
16 ... Water guide channel 17 ... Floating body bottom plate 18 ... Bottom surface 19 ... Plate material 20 ... Building 21 ... Opening / closing door 22 ... Drive device 23 ... Sheath member 24 ... Handrail 25 ... Hoistway 26 ... Stopper 27 ... Opening 28 ... Deck 29 ... Projection Article 30 ... Caulking material 31 ... Entrance / exit 32 ... Base 33 ... Adjacent building 34 ... Flow channel 35 ... Base 36 ... Roller wheel 37 ... Push spring 38 ... Hydraulic jack 39 ... Cart 40 ... Free wheel 41 ... Fixed wheel 42 ... Cross Frame 43 ... Actuator 44 ... Communication hole 45 ... Buoyant mold material 46 ... Mold frame 47 ... Reinforcing bar 48 ... Ready-mixed concrete 49 ... Hose 50 ... Bulkhead member 51 ... Guide wall 52 ... Gap member 53 ... Drainage pit 54 ... Gradient arrow

Claims (2)

A floating type structure that prevents flooding of buildings against storm surges such as tsunamis, typhoons, and river floods. In the method, the floating body construction method of a high tide floating building characterized by the following steps 1 to 4.
1. A pedestal capable of withstanding the weight in the air of a pedestrian floating body is formed on the bottom surface of the foundation, and a foundation is formed adjacent to the pedestal and forming a maintenance passage lower than the pedestal.
2. Assemble and construct a carrier type floating body in the space above the pedestal.
3. Introduce three or more jack lifts into the maintenance passage, operate the jack lifts synchronously to raise the barge type floating body, and construct the surface treatment of the bottom surface of the barge type floating body.
4. After completion of the above steps, the floating body is installed by synchronously operating a jack lift to lower the floating body and placing it on the upper surface of the pedestal. A drainage pit that is lower than the bottom surface of the maintenance passage is formed at the end of the maintenance passage, and the remaining water in the pool-type foundation is gathered in the drainage pit and drained out of the pool by the drainage means. The floating body construction method for a storm surge floating building according to claim 1.

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