JP2013238094A - Tower for evacuation from tsunami with floating body and floating body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tower for evacuation from tsunami where people can evacuate when giant tsunami surges.SOLUTION: Struts 2, 2, ... are erected from a base 1 and a floating body 3 in which people can be accommodated is mounted in upper end portions of the struts 2, 2, ... and when the level of the surging tsunami becomes high, the floating body 3 can be floated and separated from a tower.

Description

  The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation tower provided with a floating body capable of floating when an unexpected large tsunami comes near.

  A large tsunami occurred on March 11, 2011, off the Pacific coast of Tohoku, causing many lives to be lost along the Pacific coast. Those who were able to escape to the hill were saved, but those who stayed on the second floor of the house were swept away with the house, and those who fled to the roof of the building were also swept away by the tsunami crossing the roof and killed Many people have lost.

  In this way, when a large tsunami that surpasses expectations hits, it is safest to escape to high ground, but it is difficult for elderly people, disabled people, and children to escape to high ground in a short time. In the case of the Great Tohoku Earthquake, the time from the occurrence of the tsunami to the tsunami is only about 30 minutes, and if the distance from the house to the high ground is far, many people cannot choose the high ground as an evacuation site.

Therefore, what is known as a tsunami tower that can evacuate when a large tsunami occurs is conventionally known.
For example, “Tsunami Evacuation Tower” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-83549 is designed to make it easier for residents to evacuate on the tower when a tsunami occurs. Therefore, a plurality of metal pillars are installed on the ground G, and a floor surface and a safety fence higher than the expected tsunami height are provided in the structure in which the pillars are connected with a horizontal frame, and when evacuating on the floor surface It is equipped with various evacuation facilities for use.

  The “tsunami evacuation tower” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-14131 is a tsunami that facilitates residents' evacuation activities by the facilities provided in the tower when a tsunami occurs, and makes it easy to evacuate residents on the tower Evacuation tower. Therefore, a structure formed by connecting a plurality of metal support columns installed on the ground G with a horizontal frame is provided across the direction intersecting the road R, and the structure has a position higher than the expected tsunami height. In addition, a floor surface having an area capable of accommodating personnel expected to evacuate and a safety fence at the peripheral edge of the floor surface are provided, and the support column, the lateral frame, and the floor surface are respectively roads directly on the roadway. It is provided at a position where a space corresponding to the building limit can be secured, and an elevating equipment from the ground G to the floor is provided, and an evacuation equipment for use during evacuation is provided on the floor.

  “A flooded building and its construction method” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-322301 is a flooded building that does not flood due to the building rising even if a tsunami or typhoon storm surge occurs. Therefore, a pedestal with the strength to support the air weight of the floating body is provided on the upper surface of the foundation, which is mostly buried in the ground, and the floating body is placed on the pedestal. The lift jack is lower than the pedestal between the pedestal and the pedestal. A maintenance passage that can be introduced is formed. And the floating body floats only vertically upwards by the buoyancy by the floating body inundation between the floating body and the foundation, but an anchor device for preventing horizontal flow is provided.

“Tsunami Evacuation Tower” according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-83549 “Tsunami Evacuation Tower” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-14131 "Inundation-capable building and its construction method" according to JP-A-2006-3230301

  Thus, towers for evacuating when a large tsunami comes in are known. Therefore, it is possible to protect yourself from the tsunami by climbing to the evacuation tower without escaping to a far away high ground. However, even in this evacuation tower, if the tsunami is larger than expected, the floor provided in the upper stage may be flooded. Of course, if a higher evacuation tower is installed, there will be no problem, but installing a evacuation tower that is too high for a tsunami that does not know when it will occur will still be a major issue in terms of cost. If you have a physical disability, you will not be able to climb up the high evacuation tower on the stairs.

The same applies to the case of “a flooded building and its construction method” according to the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-322301. In other words, the struts that guide the floating body that rises along with water must be raised.
The problem to be solved by the present invention is this problem. A large tsunami without raising the evacuation tower more than necessary and exceeding expectations so that it can be climbed even by children, the elderly and the disabled. The floating body attached to the upper end of the tower for tsunami evacuation and the tower for evacuation, which can cope with the case where the rushing is approached.

  The tsunami evacuation tower according to the present invention has stairs for ascending and descending, and a floating body is provided at the upper end of the tower. The floating body is restrained at the upper end of the evacuation tower, and when the tsunami comes near, the floating body is lifted without being submerged and submerged, and if the water level rises, it is separated from the slammed tower . The floating body is composed of a large container in which a plurality of persons can be placed, and is composed of a bottom portion and side portions standing around the bottom portion. Here, the floating body needs a light and strong structure to float, but the specific material, structure and form are not limited.

  The tower is provided with stairs for ascending and descending so that it can go up to the floating body. In some cases, an entrance door can be attached to the side of the floating body so that it can be opened and closed. It can be set as the structure which prevents invasion. Of course, you may enable it to enter the inside of a floating body beyond a side part, without providing an entrance door. By the way, the floating body will flow along with the tsunami while floating on the water surface, but the evacuation tower and the floating body are connected via a connecting means such as a rope or a chain so as not to flow from a predetermined area. .

  The tsunami evacuation tower according to the present invention is provided with a floating body at the upper end thereof, and when the tsunami is approached, the tsunami evacuation tower can rise up into the floating body. The floating body is a large container that can hold multiple people. When a large tsunami comes in and the water level rises, the floating body rises without being submerged and separates from the condemned tower and floats. I can do it.

  Therefore, even if the height of the evacuation tower is not increased more than necessary, it is possible to rise in response to the water level of the tsunami that is approaching, and therefore the production cost and installation cost are reduced. On the other hand, since the evacuation tower does not need to be so high, even a child, an elderly person, or a disabled person can go up the stairs and enter the floating body relatively easily. The floating body floats and flows along with the tsunami that has come in, but if it is connected to the evacuation tower with a rope or the like, it will not flow away.

The front view of the tower for tsunami evacuation provided with the floating body. The top view of the tower for tsunami evacuation provided with the floating body. The side view of the tower for tsunami evacuation provided with the floating body. Another embodiment showing a floating body mounting structure. Specific example showing a floating body. Yet another embodiment showing a floating body mounting structure.

  1, 2 and 3 are embodiments showing a tsunami evacuation tower provided with a floating body according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a side view. . In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a base, 2 denotes a support, 3 denotes a floating body, 4 denotes a staircase, and four supports 2, 2. The base 1 is buried in the ground and supported by piles 5, 5 ... driven into the ground, and can be supported so that the pillars 2, 2 ... do not fall down even when a large tsunami comes in. It is installed so that it can.

  And the said floating body 3 is attached to the upper end part of each support | pillar 2,2, .... The floating body 3 is a large container, and a side portion 9 rises from the periphery of a square bottom portion 8, and bearings 10, 10... Are attached to each corner portion of the bottom portion 8. The upper end of the column is fitted in the shaft hole of the bearing 10, but guide rollers 11, 11,... Are rotatably supported on the four sides of the bearing 10, and the outer surface of the upper end of the column is supported by the guide roller 11, 11 ... is touching.

  Therefore, the floating body 3 can be moved up and down along the four columns 2, 2... Standing vertically through the guide rollers 11, 11,. However, a support portion is fixed to the upper end portion of each support 2, 2,... So as not to descend from a predetermined position. Therefore, if a large tsunami comes and the water level rises, the floating body 3 rises along the columns 2, 2,..., And when the water level rises, the bearings 10, 10. The floating body 3 can come off and float on the water surface.

  There are large shaft holes in the bearings 10, 10... That are off the columns 2, 2,..., And water may enter from these shaft holes. Of course, the side part 9 of the floating body 3 shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 is constituted by a fence, and if the water level exceeds the bottom part 8, water is invaded but is not designed to sink. . Here, in order to prevent intrusion of water from the shaft hole of the bearing 10, a lid can be provided on the upper ends of the bearings 10, 10. When the floating body 3 is floating, the water surface is designed not to reach the bearings 10, 10..., But when the floating body 3 is tilted, water flows from the shaft holes of the bearings 10, 10. In order to enter, the cover is closed as a means for preventing this, and the shaft hole is closed. The lid is attached to the bearings 10, 10... So that they can be opened and closed via hinges.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which the floating body 3 is attached to the upper end of the column. In this embodiment, the floating body 3 is mounted on the upper ends of the columns 2, 2,. That is, bearings 12, 12,... Are provided at the corner portion of the bottom portion 8, and the upper end of the support column 2 is fitted into the shaft hole 15 of the bearing 12, and the upper end portion 13 is in contact with the upper end of the support column 3 so as to float. Is supported and never falls. And the side part 9 is not the fence with a clearance gap like the floating body 3 of the said Example, but is taken as the sealed structure which water does not enter.

  Then, the floating body 3 is fixed by screwing a bolt 14 from the upper end portion 13 of the bearing 12 into a screw hole provided at the upper end of the support column. That is, when a tsunami does not occur, the floating body 3 is bolted so that it does not float with a strong wind, and if the bolts 14, 14. 3 can rise as the water level rises. Then, at a position away from the upper end of the column, the bolt 14 can be screwed again into the screw hole of the upper end portion 13 to close the screw hole.

  FIG. 5 is a specific example showing the floating body 3 shown in FIG. The floating body 3 is a container having a square bottom portion 8. A floating body portion 7 projecting downward is formed on the bottom portion 8, and a large buoyancy is obtained when floating on the water surface. By providing the floating body portion 7 at the center of the bottom, the center of buoyancy is located above the center of gravity so that the floating body 3 floating on the water surface does not overturn when tilted.

  Therefore, a person who evacuates and enters the floating body 3 can descend into the space of the floating body portion 7 and position the center of gravity of the entire floating body downward. Of course, it is also possible to position the center of gravity downward by attaching a weight to the bottom of the floating body portion 7, but in order to accommodate many people, it is necessary to obtain a large buoyancy, and evacuate It is more effective to substitute the person to be housed for the weight.

  As shown in the figure, bearings 12, 12... Having shaft holes 15, 15. As described above, the upper ends of the four columns 2, 2,... Fit into the shaft holes 15, 15. Although the shaft hole 15 opens downward, the upper end is formed as a closed upper end portion 13, so that the upper end of the column fitted in the shaft hole 15 hits the upper end portion 13 of the shaft hole 15, and the floating body 3 is placed at the upper end of the column. Can support. And the upper end part 13 has the screw hole 16 for connecting with the support | pillar upper end. The floating body 3 needs to have a buoyancy that does not sink even when a large number of people are accommodated. For this purpose, a material that is light and sturdy is used.

  In the present invention, although the material of the floating body 3 is not limited, for example, an aluminum alloy or a special plastic having high strength can be used as the material, and further, it may be made of foamed polystyrene or rubber. In particular, when the upper end of the support is fitted to support the entire floating body, a large load acts on the upper end portion 13 of the bearing 12, and therefore the bearing 12 is preferably made of steel. The floating body 3 constitutes a large container with the side portion 9 upright around the bottom portion 8 and generally prevents water from entering when floating on the water surface. The screw hole 16 can be closed by screwing the bolt 14 when the floating body 3 floats on the water surface. However, it may be a structure that does not sink even if some water enters.

  By the way, the form and structure of the floating body 3 are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and a support member is attached to the upper end of the column, and the floating body 3 is mounted on the support member. Can be installed. FIG. 6 is another embodiment showing a part of the attachment structure of the floating body 3. A support member 17 is attached to the upper end of the support 2, and the floating body 3 is placed on the support member 17. The support member 17 includes a receiving plate 18 and a side plate 19. The bottom portion 8 of the floating body 3 is placed on the receiving plate 18, and the side portion 9 of the floating body 3 is positioned in contact with the side plate 19.

  Here, the cross section of the side plate 19 is L-shaped, and the corner portion of the floating body 3 can be positioned. As in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, it is necessary to bolt the floating body 3 placed on the support member 17 so that the floating body 3 is not lifted by a strong wind. By the way, if the water level rises due to the tsunami, the floating body 3 can be lifted away from the support member 17.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 1, the evacuation tower of the present invention extends the support arms 6, 6... Horizontally from the columns 2, 2, and the stairs 4 is provided on the support arms 6, 6. It is installed. The staircase 4 has a three-stage structure for ascending to the floating body 3. Therefore, the height of the floating body 3 is higher than the second floor of a general house, and is equivalent to the height of the roof. Therefore, if it is a tsunami that occurred on March 11, 2011, it is larger than the floating body 3, but in the present invention, the floating body 3 is lifted and separated from the columns 2, 2,. I can do it.

  That is, if the floating body 3 supported by the upper ends of the columns 2, 2,... Rises due to a large tsunami, buoyancy is generated and the floating bodies 3 are lifted and come off from the upper ends of the columns 2, 2,. . If these evacuation towers are installed in some places, they will lose their lives even in the case of an unexpected large tsunami by entering the floating body 3 attached to the upper end of the evacuation tower without escaping to a distant hill. There is no.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Prop 3 Floating body 4 Stairs 5 Pile 6 Support arm 7 Floating body part 8 Bottom part 9 Side part
10 bearings
11 Guide roller
12 bearings
13 Upper end
14 volts
15 Shaft hole
16 Screw holes
17 Support member
18 Back plate
19 Side plate

Claims (3)

A tower for tsunami evacuation that can evacuate when a large tsunami comes in. Standing up multiple pillars, a floating body that can accommodate people is placed on the upper end of this tower, A tsunami evacuation tower equipped with a floating body, wherein the floating body floats and can be separated from the tower when the water level of the incoming tsunami becomes high. The tower for tsunami evacuation provided with the floating body according to claim 1, wherein the floating body is connected by connecting means such as a rope or a chain. A floating body attached to the upper end of a tower for tsunami evacuation that can evacuate when a large tsunami comes near, the floating body can accommodate a person in a container that stands up around the bottom, A floating body attached to the top end of a tower for tsunami evacuation, which is attached to the top end of a vertically upstanding column and can be lifted and separated from the column by a tsunami that has come close.

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