JP2014530244A - 血管漏出症候群および癌を治療する方法 - Google Patents
血管漏出症候群および癌を治療する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2011年10月13日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/546,748号、および2011年10月13日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/546,697号の優先権を主張する。米国仮特許出願第61/546,748号および米国仮特許出願第61/546,697号の全容を参照により本明細書に組み込む。
全容を参照により組み込まれるのは、本明細書と共に同時に提出され、次のように特定されるコンピューター可読配列表である:92KBのASCII(テキスト)ファイル1件、ファイル名「233106-331560_Seq_Listing_ST25」、2012年10月15日午前11時52分作成。
a)患者に有効量のHPTPβ−ECD結合剤を含む組成物を投与すること;b)治療過程の間、該患者において存在するアンジオポエチン−2のレベルをモニタリングすること;およびc)アンジオポエチン−2レベルが正常範囲に戻ったら治療を中止すること。
この明細書およびそれに続く特許請求の範囲において、いくつかの用語が参照されるが、それらは以下の意味を有すると定義される。
本発明において有用な剤には、限定ではなく、HPTPβの細胞外部分に特異的に結合し、少なくとも1つのHPTPβのホスファターゼ活性を阻害する抗体、タンパク質、ダルピンズ(darpins)、ペプチド、アプタマー、アドネクチン、ペプチボディーまたは核酸が含まれる。本明細書では「ホスファターゼ活性」は、酵素活性および生物学的活性を含み、生物学的活性はTie2リン酸化を評価して測定される。
適切な選択的結合剤は、当技術分野で既知の様々な技法を用いて特定され得る。例えば、候補剤は、HPTPβへの結合についてスクリーニングされ得、および活性についてスクリーニングされ得る。一般に、候補剤は、最初に結合ついてスクリーニングされ、選択的結合を示すものは次いでTie2のHPTPβ媒介脱リン酸化を阻害する能力を決定するスクリーニングに供される。しかし、場合によっては、候補剤は最初にインビトロで活性をスクリーニングされる。
特異的結合剤の特定に使用される適切なアッセイの選択は、スクリーニングされる候補剤の性質による。当業者であれば、特定の候補剤の適切なアッセイを選択できよう。
実施例4に例示されるように、1つの適切なアッセイではHUVECが無血清培地において様々な濃度の候補剤の存在または不存在下で培養され、細胞溶解物が調製され、Tie2抗体を用いて免疫沈降され、ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動により分離され、PVDF膜に転写される。膜に結合した免疫沈降されたタンパク質は次いで連続的ウエスタンブロットに供され、抗ホスホチロシン抗体を用いてTie2リン酸化を定量化し、次いでTie2抗体を用いて全Tie2を定量化する。Tie2リン酸化は、抗ホスホチロシンシグナルの全Tie2シグナルに対する比率として表す。抗ホスホチロシンシグナルのレベルのほうが大きいことは、候補剤によりHPTPβがより阻害されていることを示す。
オキサウノマイシン、パクリタキセル、パクリタキセル類似体、パクリタキセル誘導体、パラウアミン、パルミトイルリゾキシン、パミドロン酸、パナキシトリオール、パノミフェン、パラバクチン、パゼリプチン、ペガスパルガーゼ、ペルデシン、ペントサンポリ硫酸ナトリウム、ペントスタチン、ペントロゾール、ペルフルブロン、ペルホスファミド、ペリリルアルコール、フェナジノマイシン、フェニル酢酸、ホスファターゼ阻害剤、ピシバニール、ピロカルピン塩酸塩、ピラルビシン、ピリトレキシム、プラセチン(placetin)A、プラセチンB、プラスミノーゲン活性化因子阻害剤、白金錯体、白金化合物、白金−トリアミン錯体、ポルフィマーナトリウム、ポルフィロマイシン、プレドニゾン、プロピルbis−アクリドン、プロスタグランジンJ2、プロテアゾーム阻害剤、プロテインA系免疫調節物質、タンパク質キナーゼC阻害剤、タンパク質キナーゼC阻害剤、微細藻類、タンパク質チロシンホスファターゼ阻害剤、プリンヌクレオシドホスホリラーゼ阻害剤、プルプリン、ピラゾロアクリジン、ピリドキシル化ヘモグロビンポリオキシエチレン複合体、rafアンタゴニスト、ラルチトレキセド、ラモセトロン、rasファルネシルタンパク質トランスフェラーゼ阻害剤、ras阻害剤、ras−GAP阻害剤、脱メチル化レテリプチン、レニウムRe186エチドロネート、リゾキシン、リボザイム、RIIレチナミド、ログレチミド、ロヒツキン(rohitukine)、ロムルチド、ロキニメクス、ルビギノンB1、ルボキシル、サフィンゴール、サイントピン、SarCNU、サルコフィトールA、サルグラモスチム、Sdi1模倣体、セムスチン、老化由来の阻害剤1、センスオリゴヌクレオチド、シグナル伝達阻害剤、シグナル伝達調節物質、一本鎖抗原結合タンパク質、シゾフィラン、ソブゾキサン,ナトリウムボロカプテート、フェニルアセテートナトリウム、ソルベロール(solverol)、ソマトメジン結合タンパク質、ソネルミン(sonermin)、スパルホス酸、スピカマイシンD、スピロムスチン、スプレノペンチン、スポンギスタチン1、スクアラミン、幹細胞阻害剤、肝細胞分割阻害剤、スチピアミド、ストロメライシン阻害剤、スルフィノシン、超活性血管作用性小腸ペプチドアンタゴニスト、スラジスタ(suradista)、スラミン、スウェインソニン、合成グリコサミノグリカン、タリムスチン、タモキシフェンメチオジド、タウロムスチン、タザロテン、テコガランナトリウム、テガフール、テルルアピリリウム(tellurapyrylium)、テロメラーゼ阻害剤、テモポルフィン、テモゾロミド、テトラクロロデカオキサイド、テトラゾミン、タリブラスチン、チオコラリン、トロンボポエチン、トロンボポエチン模倣体、チマルファシン(thymalfasin)、サイモポエチン受容体アゴニスト、チモトリナン、甲状腺刺激ホルモン、すずエチルエチオプルプリン、チラパザミン、チタノセン2塩化物、トプセンチン、トレミフェン、全能性幹細胞因子、翻訳阻害剤、トレチノイン、トリアセチルウリジン、トリシリビン、トリメトレキサート、トリプトレリン、トロピセトロン、ツロステリド、チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤、チロホスチン、UBC阻害剤、ウベニメクス、尿生殖洞由来成長阻害因子、ウロキナーゼ受容体アンタゴニスト、バプレオチド、バリオリンB、ベクター系、赤血球遺伝子治療、ベラレソール、ベラミン、ベルジン、ベルテポルフィン、ビンキサルチン(vinxaltine)、ビタキシン、ボロゾール、ザノテロン、ゼニプラチン、ジラスコルブおよびジノスタチンスチマラマー。1つの実施形態では、抗癌剤は5−フルオロウラシルまたはロイコボリンである。
免疫療法は、癌治療の1つの方法である。身体そのものの免疫系の上方制御は免疫療法の1つの態様である。多くの免疫系シグナル伝達分子の1つにインターロイキン−2(IL−2)があり、細菌感染に対する身体の自然な反応と、異物(非自己)と自己を区別するのに役立つ。高用量のインターロイキン−2は、転移性腎細胞癌および転移性黒色腫の患者に関するFDAの承認済み治療である。この治療を受けた対象の23%だけが腫瘍応答を示すことが報告されているが、この応答の持続期間は10年を超え得る(Elias L. et al., "A literature analysis of prognostic factors for response and quality of response of patients with renal cell carcinoma to interleukin-2-based therapy." Oncology, (2001), Vol. 61, pp. 91-101)。したがって、IL−2治療は治癒の可能性を提供する唯一の利用可能な治療である。
本明細書では、1以上の病原体が原因の血管漏出症候群を予防または治療する方法が開示され、該方法は、治療を要するヒトまたは動物に有効量の1以上のHPTPβ−ECD結合剤を投与することを含む。
(a)患者に有効量のΗΡΤΡβ−ECD結合剤を含む組成物を投与すること;(b)治療過程の間、該患者において存在するアンジオポエチン−2のレベルをモニタリングすること;および(c)アンジオポエチン−2レベルが正常範囲に戻ったら治療を中止すること。
マイルズ(Miles)アッセイ(Miles, A. A. and E. M. Miles (1952) Vascular reactions to histamine, histamine-liberator and leukotaxine in the skin of guinea-pig. J. Physiol., Vol. 118, pp. 228-257 その全容を参照として本明細書に組み込む)が、マウスモデルにおける致死性毒素並びに浮腫毒素(ET[PAプラスEF])が媒介する血管漏出を直接調査し定量化するのに使用され得る。以下は、Gozes Y. et al., Anthrax Lethal Toxin Induces Ketotifen-Sensitive Intradermal Vascular Leakage in Certain Inbred Mice Infect. Immun., 2006 February, Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 1266-1272(その全容を参照として本明細書に組み込む)に記載される、本開示のHPTPβ−ECD結合剤が炭疽菌に曝露されたヒトおよび動物における血管漏出を予防する能力を評価するのに使用され得る改変型マイルズアッセイである。
BALB/cJ、DBA/2J、C3H/HeJ、C3H/HeOuJ、WBB6F1/J−Kitw/Kitw−vおよび同一コロニーの野生型ホモ接合対照マウスは、The Jackson Laboratory社(メイン州バーハーバー)から購入できる。BALB/cヌード、C57BL/6JヌードおよびC3Hヘアレス(C3.cg/TifBomTac−hr)マウスはTaconic Farms社(ニューヨーク州ジャーマンタウン)から購入できる。C3Hヌードマウスは、国立がん研究所のAnimal Production Area(メリーランド州フレデリック)から購入できる。マウスは8〜12週齢になると使用される。C3Hヘアレスとヌード動物以外、全てのマウスは皮内(i.d.)注射の24時間前に剃毛される。全身性LTに対する感受性を評価するため、マウスに100μgのLTを腹腔内注射(i.p.)し、5日かけて倦怠の徴候または死亡を観察する。Fischer344ラットは、Taconic Farms社(ニューヨーク州ジャーマンタウン)から購入でき、体重150〜180gで使用される。ラットの尾の静脈に12μgのLTを250μgのマスト細胞安定剤のケトチフェンありまたはなしで静脈内注射(i.v.)し、死亡までの正確な時間を監視する。
マイルズアッセイは、エバンスブルー色素(内在性血清アルブミンに結合する)の静脈注射をトレーサーとして使用し、試験物質の皮内注射後末梢血管からの巨大分子漏出をアッセイする。ヌードマウスと正常な剃毛マウスに200μlの0.1%エバンスブルー色素(Sigma Chemical Co.社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)を静脈注射する。10分後、30μlの試験毒素または対照試料(PAのみ、LFのみ、EFのみ、またはリン酸緩衝食塩水)を左右の側腹部並びに1つまたは2つの背側部位に皮内注射する。漏出の程度を定量化するため、皮内注射部位の周りの同サイズ(直径1.0〜1.5cm)の皮膚領域を注射から60分後に取り除き、ホルムアミド(1ml)中41℃で48時間保存し、色素を抽出させる。試料のΑ620を読み取り、リン酸緩衝食塩水、PAまたはLFで処置した対照と比較して漏出の程度を計算する。
MC/9マスト細胞は、ATCC社(バージニア州マナサス)から入手でき、1−グルタミン(2mM)、2−メルカプトエタノール(0.05mM)、ラットT−STIM(BD Biosciences−Discovery Labware社、マサチューセッツ州ベッドフォード)(10%)およびウシ胎児血清(FBS、最終濃度10%;Invitrogen−GIBCO BRL社、メリーランド州ゲイザースバーグ)を補充したダルベッコ変法イーグル培地で成長させる。次に、様々なLTの濃度またはPAのみの対照で処置する前に、細胞を96ウェルのプレートに104/ウェルの密度で蒔く。6、12および24時間後、Promega社のCellTiter96AQueous One Solution細胞増殖アッセイ(Promega社、ウィスコンシン州マディソン)を使用して製造者のプロトコルに従い生存率を評価する。あるいは、毒性アッセイはFBS(無血清培地)を除く全てのサプリメントを備える培地で実行され得る。他の実施形態では、プールされた3〜5継代のヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞(HUVEC)がCambrex Corp社(Cambrex社、メリーランド州ウォーカーズヴィル)から購入でき、内皮細胞接着因子(Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)で前処理されたフラスコ内でEGM−MV Bulletkit(Cambrex社、メリーランド州ウォーカーズヴィル)中成長させる。細胞毒性実験については、細胞は、典型的にはEGM−MV Bulletkit中96ウェルのプレートに蒔かれる。アッセイ当日、この培地を10%のFBSまたはヒト血清(Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)を補充されたM199培地(Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)と交換し、細胞を96ウェルのプレートに2×103/0.1ml/ウェルの密度で再度蒔き、様々な濃度のLTで3連で処置する。細胞の生存率は、典型的にはMC/9細胞に関し24、48および72時間の時点で評価する。
HUVEC単層は、24ウェルのプレートでTranswell−Clear細胞培養インサート(直径6.5mm、孔径0.4μm;Corning−Costar社、マサチューセッツ州アクトン)上で、管腔コンパートメント(インサート内部)と管腔下コンパートメント(組織培養プレートウェル)からなる2チャンバの培養システムを作り、効果的に培養できる。細胞を蒔く前に、インサートを内皮細胞接着因子(Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)でコートする。10%の鉄補充仔ウシ血清と1%の内皮細胞増殖因子(Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)を含む、事前に加熱したCS−C培地(Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)をインサートの配置前にウェルに加える。次に、HUVEC細胞懸濁液(200μLの5×105細胞/ml)を各インサートに加える。細胞は、単層の適切な形成を確保するため5%CO2中37℃で最長21日培養される。バリア機能を試験するため、培地を10%FBSを補充したRPMIに替えるか、または血清なしのRPMIに替えてよい。バリア機能を評価するため、西洋わさびペルオキシダーゼ酵素(Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)をインサートに加える(10μg/ウェル)。LT(1μg/mL)またはPAのみ(1μg/mL)若しくはLFのみ(1μg/mL)の対照処置を二重ウェルに加え、毎時間(12時間の間)、管腔下コンパートメントから10μLの試料を取り、100μLの基質[2’,2’−アジノ−ビス(3−エチルベンズチゾリン(ethylbenzthizolin)6−スルホン酸)](A−3219;Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)を加えて、405nmの読み取りで、西洋わさびペルオキシダーゼの酵素活性を試験した。
血管組織がより安定化すると、炭疽菌感染に対する既知の抗菌剤の有効性が高まる。したがって、HPTPβ−ECD結合剤は、炭疽症治療の併用治療として評価され得る。以下、炭疽菌感染の治療に有用な併用治療の一部としてのHPTPβ−ECD結合剤の有効性を決定するのに使用され得る一連のアッセイを記載する。
併用炭疽症治療過程の評価を開始する1週間前に、試験剤(各200mg)を800μLのDMSOに溶解させて−20℃で保存する。注射の直前に各試験剤をPBSに溶解させて2%DMSO中最終濃度0.5mg/mLとする。試験動物を、PBS中マウス当たり2×107の胞子の腹腔内注射により0日目に攻撃する。治療は攻撃24時間後に開始した。適切な治療レジメンの一例は、シプロフロキサシン(50mg/kg)とHPTPβ−ECD結合剤(5mg/kg)の併用である。無治療動物の対照試料、シプロフロキサシンのみ、本開示の剤のみ、およびシプロフロキサシンと本開示の剤の併用を動物に与え、注射14日後まで1日2回モニタリングした。
病原菌は血管漏出の原因となることが知られている。この誘発性血管漏出は、抗菌剤および他の医薬が侵入する微生物を標的化する能力を阻害する。したがって、HPTPβ−ECD結合剤は、細菌感染の結果として生じる過剰な血管漏出を予防することにより宿主免疫系を高めるために、単独または他の医薬成分と併用で使用され得る。
動物は、以下の手順を用いて血管漏出を評価され得る。100μLの食塩水中エバンスブルー色素(Sigma Aldrich社)1%の溶液を尾静脈に注射する。30分後マウスを屠殺し、右心室を通して食塩水で潅流し血管内エバンスブルーを除去する。肺を切除し、1mLのホルムアミド中55℃で一晩かけて抽出する。エバンスブルー量は、ホルムアミド抽出物のOD620マイナスOD500として決定する。
HPTPβ−ECD結合剤は、赤血球凝集素に結合することでタンパク質集合を不安定化させることが決定され得る。以下の手順は、HPTPβ−ECD結合剤による不安定さの増加と、それゆえの赤血球凝集素のタンパク質分解性攻撃に対する増加した感受性を決定するのに使用され得る。融合立体構造において、赤血球凝集素はプロテアーゼ消化に対しより感受性が高くなる。この特性は、融合阻害剤が赤血球凝集素と相互作用するかどうか確認するのに使用され得る(Luo G. et al., "Molecular mechanism underlying the action of a novel fusion inhibitor of influenza A virus." J. Virol., (1997), Vol. 71, No. 5, pp. 4062-4070)。したがって、HPTPβ−ECD結合剤は、血管漏出の制御により、体内免疫応答を増強することで赤血球凝集素消化に間接的に影響を及ぼす能力を評価され得る。
本明細書では、細胞におけるタンパク質チロシンホスファターゼベータ(HPTP−β)活性を阻害する方法が開示され、該方法は、細胞を有効量のHPTPβ−ECD結合剤と接触させることを含む。細胞は、インビボ、エクスビボまたはインビトロで接触され得る。
特定の剤の性質により、本開示の剤は、ヒトおよび他の動物に、非経口(例えば静脈内または腹腔内注射)、皮下、経口、局所的、直腸的、頬内、口腔若しくは鼻腔スプレーとして、投与され得る。
HPTPβ−ECD結合剤投与の有効な用量とスケジュールは経験的に決定してよく、このような決定をすることは当該分野の範囲内である。当業者であれば、投与されなければならない剤の用量は、例えば、剤を受ける対象、投与経路、使用される剤の特定の種類、および対象に投与されている他の薬物により異なることを理解しよう。例えば、抗体の適切な用量を選択する案内が、抗体医薬の文献、例えば、Handbook of Monoclonal Antibodies, Ferrone et al., eds., Noges Publications, Park Ridge, N.J., (1985) ch. 22 and pp. 303-357; Smith et al., Antibodies in Human Diagnosis and Therapy, Haber et al., eds., Raven Press, New York (1977) pp. 365-389に見られる。単独で使用する場合の剤の典型的な用量は、上述の要因により、1日当たり体重の約0.01mg/kg〜500mg/kg以上、または約0.01mg/kg〜約50mg/kg、または約0.1mg/kg〜約50mg/kg、または約0.1mg/kg〜約10mg/kgまで、または約0.2mg/kg〜約1mg/kg、または約1mg/kg〜およそ の範囲であり得る。
本発明の1つの態様では、薬剤的に許容可能な組成物が準備され、これらの組成物は、本明細書に記載される剤のいずれかと、薬剤的に許容可能な担体を含み、さらに他の薬剤、アジュバントまたは希釈物を含み得る。例えば、医薬組成物は、抗微生物剤、抗炎症剤、麻酔剤などの1以上の追加の活性成分も含み得る。
ヒト、哺乳動物または細胞に送達される剤を含むキットも開示される。キットは、ヒト、哺乳動物または細胞内に送達されるHPTPβ−ECD結合剤を含む組成物の1以上の包装された単位用量を含み得る。キットは、所望により、キットの構成要素を使用するための説明書を含む。剤は、無菌製剤として包装され得、使用時まで製剤の無菌性を保つ気密密封容器が設計される。
実施例
全長HPTPβcDNA(配列番号1)を、製造者(Origene社)の指示に従いヒト胎盤ライブラリーからクローン化する。全ての可溶性のHPTPβの細胞外ドメイン(ECD)をコードするcDNAを、C末端にHis−His−His−His−His−His−Gly(6His−Gly)(配列番号3)を付加されたアミノ酸1〜1621をコードする全長cDNAからPCRによりクローン化する。得られたcDNAを、HEK293細胞における一過性(pShuttle−CMV)または安定した(pcDNA3.1(−))発現のため、哺乳動物発現ベクターにクローン化する。精製HPTPβECD(βED)を得るため、βECD発現ベクターで形質移入したHEK293細胞をOptiMEM無血清(Gibco社)中通常の成長条件下で24時間培養する。次いで培養上清を回収し、遠心分離してデブリを除去し、1mLの洗浄済みNi−NTAアガロース(Qiagen社)(500μLのパック入り)を各清澄培地10μLに加えて、4℃で一晩振とうする。翌日、混合物をカラムに充填し、20ベッド体積のpH8の50mMのNaH2PO4、300mMのNaCl、20mMのイミダゾールで洗浄する。次いで、精製したHPTPβ細胞外ドメインタンパク質(配列番号4)をpH8の50mMのNaH2PO4、300mMのNaCl、250mMのイミダゾール中200μL/溶出で溶出する。画分のタンパク質含有量を還元−変性SDS−ポリアクリルイミドゲル電気泳動法を用い、銀染色(Invitrogen社)により検出し、質量分析により確認して分析する。
モノクローナル抗体R15E6を本願の実施例2と米国特許第7,973,142号に記載されるように同定し特徴づけた;手順と結果を以下に要約する。
材料:Cambrex社のヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞(HUVEC)、EGM培地、およびトリプシン中和液;OPTIMEM I(Gibco社)、ウシ血清アルブミン(BSA;Santa Cruz社)、リン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS;Gibco社)、アンジオポエチン1(Ang1)、血管内皮増殖因子(VEGF)および線維芽細胞増殖因子(FGF)を含む増殖因子(R&D Systems社)、Tie2モノクローナル抗体(Duke大学/P&GP社)、VEGF受容体2(VEGFR2)ポリクローナル抗体(Whitaker et.al)、プロテインA/Gアガロース(Santa Cruz社)、トリス−グリシンプレキャストゲル電気泳動/転写システム(6〜8%)(Invitrogen社)、PVDF膜(Invitrogen社)、溶解バッファー(20mmのトリス−HCl、137mmのNaCl、10%のグリセロール、1%のトリトン−X−100、2mMのEDTA、1mMのNaOH、1mMのNaF、1mMのPMSF、1μg/mlのロイペプチン、1μg/mlのペプスタチン)
材料:Cambrex社のHUVEC、EGM培地およびトリプシン中和液;Molecular Probes社の二次Alexfluor 488−タグ付き抗体;ハンクス平衡塩類溶液(Gibco社);FACSCANフローサイトメーターおよびBecton Dickenson社のCellQuestソフトウェア。
R15E6は、Tie2リガンドであるアンジオポエチン1(Ang1)の存在下および非存在下でTie2リン酸化を増大させる。
A.マウスVE−PTP細胞外ドメインタンパク質(VE−PTP−ECD)の産生
VE−PTP−ECDは任意適当な方法により産生され得る。そのような方法は当技術分野では周知である。例えば、VE−PTP−ECDは、HPTPβ−ECDをコードするcDNAの代わりにVE−PTP−ECDcDNAが使用される、本開示の実施例1に類似の方法を用いて産生され得る。配列番号7は、VE−PTP−ECDをコードするヌクレオチド配列を提供する。配列番号8は、VE−PTP−ECDのアミノ酸配列を提供する。
抗VE−PTP抗体は、当技術分野では周知の方法により、容易に生成される。例えば、抗VE−PTP抗体は、VE−PTP−ECDをHPTPβ細胞外ドメインの代わりにし、得られたタンパク質でラットを免疫感作することにより、本開示の実施例2の方法を用いて生成され得る。この研究で使用されたラット抗マウスVE−PTP抗体は、D.Vestweber博士のご厚意により提供された(mAb 109)。抗体は、Baumer S. et al., Blood, 2006, Vol. 107, pp. 4754-4762に記載のように生成した。簡単に説明すると、抗体は、ラットをVE-PTP-Fc融合タンパク質で免疫感作することで生成された。免疫感作、ハイブリドーマ融合、およびスクリーニングは、Gotsch U., et al., J Cell Sci., 1997, Vol. 110, pp. 583-588およびBosse R. and Vestweber D., Eur J Immunol., 1994, Vol. 24, pp. 3019-3024に記載のように実施した。
レーザー誘発脈絡膜血管新生モデル:脈絡膜血管新生モデルは、血管新生加齢黄斑変性モデルを代表すると考えられている。脈絡膜血管新生を前述のように生成した。Tobe T, et al., Am. J. Pathol., 1998, Vol. 153, pp. 1641-1646を参照されたい。成体C57BL/6マウスは、各眼のブルッフ膜の3か所にレーザー誘発性裂創を有し、1または2μgのラット抗マウスVE−PTP−ECD抗体(IgG2a)の硝子体内注射を片眼に1回受け、もう一方の眼にはビヒクル(5%のデキストロース)を受けた。これらの処置を7日目に反復した。レーザーの14日後、マウスをフルオレセイン標識デキストラン(平均分子量2×l06、Sigma社、ミズーリ州セントルイス)で潅流し、血管新生の程度を蛍光顕微鏡により脈絡膜フラットマウントにおいて評価した。各ブルッフ膜裂創部位における脈絡膜血管新生の面積を、治療群については観察者に隠して画像分析により測定した。脈絡膜血管新生の面積は、片眼の3つの裂創の平均である。図3に示すように、VE−PTP−ECD抗体での処置は、1および2μgの両用量で、ビヒクル対照での処置に対し、脈絡膜血管新生を有意に減少させた。
酸素誘発虚血性網膜症モデルは、増殖性糖尿病性網膜症モデルを代表すると考えられている。虚血性網膜症は、Smith, L.E.H., et al. Oxygen- induced retinopathy in the mouse. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 35, 101-111 (1994)に記載された方法により、C57BL/6マウスにおいて作製された。
硝子体内投与の酸素誘発虚血性網膜症モデルを実施例7に記載のように実施したが(P5〜P12まで75%の酸素雰囲気中に閉じ込める)、VE−PTP−ECD抗体(1mg/kg)は、マウスが大気に戻されたP12と、P14とP16に再度(全部で3回投与)皮下投与した。血管新生は上述のようにP17日目に評価した。図6は、VE−PTP−ECD抗体の皮下投与により、網膜血管新生の面積が減少することを示す。
Claims (40)
- 血管漏出症候群の患者を治療する方法であって、前記患者に有効量のΗΡΤΡβ−ECD結合剤またはその薬剤的に許容可能な塩を含む組成物を投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記組成物が1以上の薬剤的に許容可能な賦形剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が炎症性疾患または状態、外傷、ショック、成人呼吸促迫症候群、急性肺損傷または敗血症に苦しんでいる、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が炎症性疾患または状態に苦しんでいる、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が癌治療を受けている、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記癌が、腎細胞癌、悪性黒色腫、髄芽腫、上衣腫、乏突起膠腫(ogliodendroglioma)、毛様細胞星状細胞腫、びまん性星状細胞腫、未分化星状細胞腫または膠芽腫である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 血管系を安定化させることを必要とする患者の血管系を安定化させる方法であって、前記患者に有効量のΗΡΤΡβ−ECD結合剤またはその薬剤的に許容可能な塩を含む組成物を投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記組成物が1以上の薬剤的に許容可能な賦形剤をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、前記患者にIL−2での治療の開始前またはその間に投与される、請求項7または請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、前記患者に癌治療の開始前またはその間に投与される、請求項7または請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記癌が、腎細胞癌または悪性黒色腫、髄芽腫、上衣腫、乏突起膠腫(ogliodendroglioma)、毛様細胞星状細胞腫、びまん性星状細胞腫、未分化星状細胞腫または膠芽腫である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記癌治療が前記患者に有効量のIL−2を投与することを含む、請求項10または請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が病原体に感染している、請求項7または請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記病原体が細菌、ウイルス、酵母、真菌または原生生物である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記患者に有効量の抗菌剤、抗ウイルス剤、抗真菌剤またはそれらの組合せを投与することをさらに含む、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 血管漏出症候群患者を治療する過程を決定する方法であって、
a)患者に有効量のΗΡΤΡβ−ECD結合剤を含む組成物を投与すること;
b)治療過程の間、前記患者において存在するアンジオポエチン−2のレベルをモニタリングすること;および
c)前記アンジオポエチン−2レベルが正常範囲内に戻ったら治療を中止すること、を含む方法。 - 患者における癌を治療する方法であって、患者に有効量の特異的結合剤またはその薬剤的に許容可能な塩を含む組成物を投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記組成物が1以上の薬剤的に許容可能な賦形剤をさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 患者に有効量の特異的結合剤またはその許容可能な塩を含む組成物を含む組成物を投与することにより、癌患者における転移を予防する方法。
- 前記組成物が1以上の薬剤的に許容可能な賦形剤をさらに含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 1以上の化学療法剤の投与をさらに含む、請求項17〜20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化学療法剤が、タキソール、IL−2、ゲムシタビン、エルロチニブ、ドキシル、イリノテカンおよびベバシズマブから選択される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 癌が、腎細胞癌または悪性黒色腫、髄芽腫、上衣腫、乏突起膠腫(ogliodendroglioma)、毛様細胞星状細胞腫、びまん性星状細胞腫、未分化星状細胞腫または膠芽腫である、請求項17〜22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、HPTPβの細胞外部分に結合する抗体、タンパク質、ペプチド、アプタマー、ペプチボディー、アドネクチンまたは核酸である、請求項1〜23のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、モノクローナル抗体またはポリクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片である、請求項1〜23のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、ハイブリドーマ細胞株ATCC番号PTA−7680により産生されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、ハイブリドーマ細胞株ATCC番号PTA−7680により産生された前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片と同じまたは実質的に同じ生物学的特徴を有する抗体である、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が抗原結合断片であり、前記抗原結合断片はF(ab’)2、Fab、Fabの二量体、Fv、Fvの二量体、またはscFvの二量体である、請求項25〜28のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が抗原結合断片であり、前記抗原結合断片はF(ab’)2、Fabの二量体、Fvの二量体、またはscFvの二量体である、請求項25〜26のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記抗原結合断片がFab、FvまたはscFvである、請求項25〜28のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が、タンパク質、ペプチド、アプタマー、ペプチボディー、アドネクチンまたは核酸である、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記患者に投与される前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤またはその薬剤的に許容可能な塩の用量が、前記患者の体重により約0.01mg/kg〜約500mg/kgである、請求項1〜32のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記患者に投与される前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤またはその薬剤的に許容可能な塩の用量が、前記患者の体重により約0.1mg/kg〜約10mg/kgである、請求項1〜32のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記用量が、1日1回、毎週3回、毎週2回、毎週1回、毎月3回、毎月2回、毎月1回、または隔月に1回投与される、請求項33または請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤がビヒクルに結合されている、請求項1〜35のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ビヒクルがPEGである、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が眼内注射により投与される、請求項1〜37のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が皮下注射により投与される、請求項1〜37のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記HPTPβ−ECD結合剤が静脈内注射により投与される、請求項1〜37のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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CN104039351A (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
HK1201178A1 (en) | 2015-08-28 |
JP2017165786A (ja) | 2017-09-21 |
JP2017200947A (ja) | 2017-11-09 |
NZ623283A (en) | 2016-05-27 |
CA2850830A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
US10815300B2 (en) | 2020-10-27 |
US20190177409A1 (en) | 2019-06-13 |
JP6706367B2 (ja) | 2020-06-03 |
BR112014008819A8 (pt) | 2017-09-12 |
EP3505182A1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
WO2013056240A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
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MX363351B (es) | 2019-03-20 |
US20210095017A1 (en) | 2021-04-01 |
JP2019151653A (ja) | 2019-09-12 |
EP2766043A4 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
US12043664B2 (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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