JP2013533043A - 埋込み式無線周波数センサ - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願第61/366,173号(2010年7月21日出願)の利益を主張し、この出願は参照することによって本明細書に援用される。
本発明は、概して、医療診断測定および監視のための方法およびシステムに関し、具体的には、生理的状態の無線周波数(RF)ベースの測定および監視に関する。
無線周波数(RF)電磁放射は、身体組織の診断および撮像のために使用されている。例えば、特許文献1(本特許出願の譲受人に譲渡され、その開示は、参照することによって本明細書に援用される)は、RF電磁波を生体内に指向し、身体内から散乱される波に応答して、信号を生成するアンテナを含む、診断装置について説明している。信号は、身体内の血管内の特徴を特定するように処理される。
いくつかの慢性的医療状態は、身体器官内およびその周囲に、体液の貯留をもたらす。例えば、肺水腫は、慢性的心不全および他の病状と関連付けられる。別の実施例として、腎不全およびある炎症性疾患等の状態は、心外膜液をもたらし得る。長期間にわたって、患者の身体内のそのような体液レベルを監視することは、継続的リスク査定および治療の調節において有用であり得る。同様に、内臓系内の血液の貯留を監視することは、体液状態を査定する際、医学的に有益であり得る。
次に、本発明のある実施形態による、RFベースの監視システム20を図式的に例証する、図1および2を参照する。図1は、患者22の胸部26内に埋め込まれたRF監視デバイス24を示す、透視図である一方、図2は、身体を通して得られた断面図であって、胸部内の器官とのデバイス24の関係を示す。デバイス24は、一般的には、ペースメーカー等の従来の埋込み式心臓デバイス(ICD)と類似形状およびサイズであって、肋骨34に隣接する患者の皮膚下に埋め込まれ、図中の矢印によって示されるように、肺28等の標的組織を通してRF電磁波を伝送および受信する。
図5は、別の本発明の実施形態による、ヒト身体内に埋め込まれたRF監視デバイス82を備える、監視システム80の概略透視図である。デバイス82は、前述のように、構造および機能において、デバイス24に類似するが、本実施形態では、デバイス82は、心臓からの反射に依存するのではなく、図に示されるように、患者の肺の反対側において、内部に留置された反射器84と協働する。専用反射器の使用は、デバイス82によって受信される反射波を増強し、測定されたRF経路長を比較することができる、一定の物理的経路長を提供する。監視デバイスおよび反射器の代替留置は、図6Aおよび6Bに示される。さらに別の代替として、RF反射器は、患者の身体外部に設置されてもよい。
Claims (48)
- 診断装置であって、
該装置は、
密閉されたケースであって、該密閉されたケースは、生体適合性材料を含み、ヒト対象の身体内の埋込みのために構成される、密閉されたケースと、
少なくとも1つのアンテナであって、該少なくとも1つのアンテナは、標的組織に近接して該身体の中に埋め込まれ、該標的組織を通して伝搬された無線周波数(RF)電磁波を受信し、該受信された波に応答して信号を出力するように構成される、少なくとも1つのアンテナと、
処理回路であって、該処理回路は、該ケース内に含有され、該アンテナからの該信号を受信および処理するために連結されることにより、該標的組織の特色の指標を導出および出力する、処理回路と
を含む、装置。 - 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、前記波を前記身体の中に伝送し、前記標的組織を通る該波の伝搬後に、該伝送された波を受信するように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、前記身体の中の組織からの前記波の反射後に、該波を受信するように構成され、前記処理回路は、前記対象の心拍および呼吸運動のうちの少なくとも1つに起因する該反射の変調を検出するように構成される、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記変調は、前記心拍に起因する周期的変動を含む、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナを含有する前記ケースから、前記標的組織を横断する場所の中の前記身体の中の埋込みのために構成された反射器を含み、該反射器は、該少なくとも1つのアンテナに向かって前記波を反射させるための構造としての役割を果たす、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記反射器は、前記身体の中に埋め込まれる埋込み式心臓デバイス(ICD)の一部である、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナを含有する前記ケースから、前記標的組織を横断する場所の中の前記身体の中に埋め込まれ、該標的組織を通して前記波を伝送するように構成される送信機を含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記処理回路は、前記標的組織の体液含有量の測定値を導出するように、前記信号を処理するように構成される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記ケースは、胸部の中の埋込みのために構成され、前記標的組織は、肺組織である、請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記標的組織は、脾臓、肝臓、舌、または口蓋組織である、請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記指標は、前記標的組織の特色の時間的傾向を含む、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、複数のアンテナを含む、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記処理回路は、前記標的組織の特色を空間的に分解するように、前記アンテナを多重静的モードで駆動するように構成される、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、前記ケース内部に含有される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、基板上に印刷されたトレースを含み、前記ケースは、窓を含み、該アンテナは、該窓を通して前記波を受信するように構成される、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 前記基板は、鑞付けによって、前記ケースに密閉される、請求項15に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、部分的に、前記ケース外部に位置し、該ケースへの密閉された鑞付けを介して前記処理回路に接続される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、基板上に印刷されたトレースと、該トレース背後のバックローブ抑制構造とを含む、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記バックローブ抑制構造は、空気空洞および電磁バンドギャップ(EBG)裏当てから成る構造の群から選択される、請求項18に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナは、スパイラルアンテナ、ボウタイアンテナ、楕円ボウタイアンテナ、およびスロット付きアンテナから成るアンテナタイプの群から選択される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記処理回路は、無線リンクを介して、前記特色の指標を前記身体外部の監視局に伝達するように構成される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記処理回路は、少なくとも1つの他の埋込み式デバイスと通信するように構成される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナはまた、前記身体外部の送信機への誘導リンクを介して、前記処理回路を給電するための電気エネルギーを受信するように構成される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 電力アンテナを含み、該電力アンテナは、前記身体外部の送信機への誘導リンクを介して前記処理回路に給電するための電気エネルギーを受信するように構成される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記身体内の電気信号を受信するために、前記ケース上に1つ以上の電極を含む、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 生体インピーダンスセンサを含む、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 埋込み式心臓デバイスを含み、該埋込み式心臓デバイスは、前記処理回路によって提供される前記指標に応答して、前記対象の心臓をペーシングするように構成される、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 診断装置であって、
該装置は、
無線周波数(RF)反射器であって、該無線周波数(RF)反射器は、標的組織に近接して、ヒト対象の身体の中に埋め込まれるように構成される、無線周波数(RF)反射器と、
診断デバイスであって、該診断デバイスは、RF電磁波を該RF反射器に向かって伝送し、該RF反射器によって反射された該波を該標的組織を通して受信し、該標的組織の特色の指標を導出および出力するように該受信された波を処理するように構成される、診断デバイスと
を含む、装置。 - 診断方法であって、
該方法は、
標的組織に近接して、ヒト対象の身体の中に診断デバイスを埋め込むことと、
該標的組織を通して伝搬された無線周波数(RF)電磁波を該デバイスにおいて受信することと、
該標的組織の特色の指標を導出するように、該デバイスにおいて該受信された波を処理することと
を含む、方法。 - 前記デバイスから前記身体の中に前記波を伝送することを含み、それにより、該デバイスは、前記標的組織を通した該波の伝搬後に、該伝送された波を受信する、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記波は、前記身体の中の組織からの該波の反射後に、前記デバイスによって受信され、該受信された波を処理することは、前記対象の心拍および呼吸運動のうちの少なくとも1つに起因する該反射の変調を検出することを含む、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記変調は、前記心拍に起因した周期的変動を含む、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンテナを含有する前記ケースから、前記標的組織を横断する場所の中の前記身体の中に反射器を埋め込むことを含み、該反射器は、前記デバイスに向かって前記波を反射させるための構造としての役割を果たす、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記反射器は、前記身体の中に埋め込まれる埋込み式心臓デバイス(ICD)の一部である、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記デバイスから前記標的組織を横断する場所の中の前記身体の中に送信機を埋め込むことと、前記波を該標的組織を通して該送信機から該デバイスに伝送することとを含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記受信された波を処理することは、前記標的組織の体液含有量の測定値を導出することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記診断デバイスは、胸部の中に埋め込まれ、前記標的組織は、前記対象の肺を含む、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記標的組織は、脾臓、肝臓、舌、または口蓋組織である、請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記受信された波を処理することは、前記標的組織の特色の時間的傾向を算出することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記デバイスは、複数のアンテナを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記RF電磁波を受信することは、前記標的組織の特色を空間的に分解するように、前記アンテナを多重静的モードで駆動することを含む、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記埋込み式デバイスから、無線リンクを介して、前記身体外部の監視局まで前記特色の指標を伝達することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記埋込み式デバイスと少なくとも1つの他の埋込み式デバイスとの間で通信することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記身体外部の送信機への誘導リンクを介して、前記デバイスを給電するための電気エネルギーを受信することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記デバイス上の1つ以上の電極を使用して、前記身体内の電気信号を受信することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記デバイスと関連付けられたセンサを使用して、生体インピーダンスを測定することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記デバイスによって提供される前記指標に応答して、前記対象の心臓をペーシングすることを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記デバイスを埋め込むことは、該デバイスの埋込みのための最適な場所を識別するために、前記身体外部の外部アンテナを使用することを含む、請求項29−35のいずれかに記載の方法。
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EP2595532A4 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
US20170238966A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
US20130190646A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
WO2012011065A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
EP2595532A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
JP2013532508A (ja) | 2013-08-19 |
JP5993372B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 |
CA2805946A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
US20160073924A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
CA2805947A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
US9788752B2 (en) | 2017-10-17 |
JP6081355B2 (ja) | 2017-02-15 |
US20130231550A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
EP2595694A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
EP2595694A4 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
WO2012011066A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
EP2595694B1 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
US10136833B2 (en) | 2018-11-27 |
US9220420B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
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