JP2013518413A - Edlc用微小孔性活性炭 - Google Patents
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- JP2013518413A JP2013518413A JP2012550096A JP2012550096A JP2013518413A JP 2013518413 A JP2013518413 A JP 2013518413A JP 2012550096 A JP2012550096 A JP 2012550096A JP 2012550096 A JP2012550096 A JP 2012550096A JP 2013518413 A JP2013518413 A JP 2013518413A
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/44—Raw materials therefor, e.g. resins or coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
にしたがってキャパシタ電圧の時間微分に比例する。
として表すことができる。
として炭素電極の体積当たりの比静電容量に関連付けられる。試験される電池は、同じサイズと組成を有する電極を使用するので、C1=C2、Csp,1=Csp,2およびV1=V2(=Vtotal/2、式中、Vtotalは、電池中の炭素電極の全容積(cm3)である)。式(3)、(4)および(5)を組み合わせて、
小麦粉(3000g)をグラファイト製坩堝内に入れ、レトルト炉(CM Furnacesモデル1216FL)内で加熱する。炉の温度を150℃/時の加熱速度で室温から800℃まで上昇させ、2時間に亘り800℃に維持し、次いで、70℃以下まで自然に冷ます。先の加熱/冷却サイクル中、炉をN2でパージする。
非リグノセルロース活性炭と市販の活性炭との間の細孔径分布およびその結果生じた静電容量における差が、以下の実施例に実証されている。
様々な実施の形態による微小孔性活性炭材料に関する細孔容積対細孔径のプロットが図1に示されている。市販の活性炭材料(クラレ YP50FおよびSupercap BP10)に関する細孔容積対細孔径を示す比較のプロットが図2に示されている。図2において、クラレの材料はサンプルC1と示され、Supercapの材料はサンプルC2と示されている。両方の図面において、細孔容積は、規定範囲の細孔径を有する細孔からの寄与に基づく合計としてプロットされている。
実施例1の合成を、小麦粉の代わりに、ココナツ粉末(リグノセルロース材料)を使用して繰り返した。小麦粉を、窒素中で炭化させ、粉砕し、KOH溶液と混合し、次いで、活性化させた。その結果得られた活性炭を洗浄し、窒素と水素の混合物で処理した。乾燥後、細孔径分布を測定した。細孔径分布が図3に示されている。
微小孔性炭素材料は、ラマン分光法を使用して特徴付けることができる。ラマンデータは、入射するアルゴンイオンレーザ(488nm)またはろ波されたダイオードレーザ(785nm)を使用して、ライカモデルDM2000顕微鏡(50倍の対物レンズ)およびシリコン製CCD検出器を備えた、レニショーのinViaラマンマイクロスコープを使用して収集した。488nmの入射での検出器のスペクトル分解能は、1500cm-1で1.5cm-1であり、785nmの入射での分解能は、1500cm-1で1.0cm-1であった。
Claims (5)
- 微小孔性炭素を含む電気二重層キャパシタ用電極であって、前記微小孔性炭素が、
0.3cm3/g以上の総細孔容積を与える1nm以下のサイズを有する細孔、
0.05cm3/g以上の総細孔容積を与える1nm超から2nm以下のサイズを有する細孔、および
0.15cm3/g未満の総細孔容積を与える2nm超のサイズを有する任意の孔、
を含むことを特徴とする電気二重層キャパシタ用電極。 - 前記1nm以下のサイズを有する細孔が、0.4cm3/g以上の総細孔容積を与えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気二重層キャパシタ用電極。
- 前記1nm超から2nm以下のサイズを有する細孔が、0.1cm3/g以上の総細孔容積を与えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気二重層キャパシタ用電極。
- 前記微小孔性炭素が、0.45cm3/g以上の全細孔容積を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気二重層キャパシタ用電極。
- 前記微小孔性炭素が、3質量%未満の酸素含有量を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気二重層キャパシタ用電極。
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PCT/US2011/021782 WO2011091092A2 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-20 | Microporous activated carbon for edlcs |
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CN102741959A (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
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US8482901B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 |
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JP5969393B2 (ja) | 2016-08-17 |
EP2526556A2 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
WO2011091092A3 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
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