JP2013508153A - 排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2013508153A JP2013508153A JP2012536641A JP2012536641A JP2013508153A JP 2013508153 A JP2013508153 A JP 2013508153A JP 2012536641 A JP2012536641 A JP 2012536641A JP 2012536641 A JP2012536641 A JP 2012536641A JP 2013508153 A JP2013508153 A JP 2013508153A
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- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- exhaust gas
- absorbent
- weight
- dioxide absorbent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明による排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造過程を示す工程図である。
それぞれの原料を組成によって正確に計量した後、製造しようとするスラリーの濃度(固体原料及び液状水の重量比)に該当する蒸留水を適当な容器に入れる(S11)。この際、分散剤と消泡剤を添加することができる。
粉砕及び均質化が行われたスラリーは、分散剤と消泡剤または追加の水を利用して濃度、粘度などスラリーの特性を調整した後、真空濾過過程を進行しながらスラリーに含まれた異物(粉塵、乾燥したスラリー固まりまたは不純物など)が除去される(S15)。
本実施例では、全体8kgの固体原料のうち活性成分として炭酸カリウム(K2CO3)または重炭酸カリウム(KHCO3)20〜50重量%、支持体としてガンマアルミナ(γ−Al2O3)20〜50重量%、無機結合剤としてカルシウムシリケート(Calcium silicate)、ベントナイト(Bentonite)、類似ベーマイト(Pseudo−bohemite)15〜20重量%、再生増進剤として二酸化チタニア(TiO2)、二酸化ジルコニア(TiO2)、ハイドロタルサイト(Hydrotalcite)5〜20重量%を組成比にして吸収剤を製造した。
D 4164−88で提示した装置及び方法によって測定した。
D5757−95を準用して製作された耐摩耗測定装置(3−hole attrition tester)を利用して規格で提示する試験方法と手順によって測定した。
Claims (21)
- 排ガスに含まれた二酸化炭素を補集する排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤において、
上記吸収剤を構成する固体原料は、
5〜70重量%の活性成分、5〜70重量%の支持体、5〜70重量%の無機結合剤及び5〜70重量%の再生増進剤よりなることを特徴とする排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。 - 上記活性成分は、周期律表1族と2族に属するアルカリ金属、アルカリ土金属炭酸塩、重炭酸塩または炭酸塩に転換されることができる成分であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。
- 上記活性成分は、炭酸カリウムまたは重炭酸カリウムであり、その含量が20〜50重量%であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。
- 上記支持体は、アルミナであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。
- 上記アルミナは、比表面積が150m2/gまたは250m2/gであり、その含量が20〜50重量%であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。
- 上記無機結合剤は、セメント類、粘土類またはセラミック類であり、その含量が15〜20重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。
- 上記セメント類は、カルシウムシリケートまたはカルシウムアルミネートであり、
上記粘土類は、ベントナイトまたはカオリンであり、
上記セラミック類は、アルミナゾル、シリカゾルまたはベーマイトであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。 - 上記再生増進剤は、二酸化チタニア、二酸化ジルコニアまたはハイドロタルサイトであり、その含量は5〜20重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の固体原料を利用してスラリーを製造する段階と、
製造されたスラリーを噴霧乾燥器で乾燥させて、吸収剤を1次製造する段階と、
1次製造された吸収剤を乾燥焼成させて、最終吸収剤を製造する段階と、を含むことを特徴とする排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。 - 上記スラリーを製造する段階は、
上記固体原料を水に混ぜて混合物を作る段階と、
上記混合物に分散剤、消泡剤、有機結合剤またはpH調節剤を添加する段階と、
上記混合物を撹拌する段階と、
上記固体原料を粉砕し、均一化する段階と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。 - 上記スラリーの濃度(固体原料及び水の重量比)は、20〜50重量%であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。
- 上記固体原料を撹拌する撹拌器は、一般的撹拌器、二重螺旋撹拌器、高速乳化器、混合器または超音波乳化器であり、10,000〜25,000rpmの速度で撹拌することを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。
- 上記固体原料を粉砕する粉砕器は、ロールミル、ボールミル、磨耗ミル、プラネタリーミルまたはビーズミルであり、上記固体原料を0超過1μm以下に粉砕することを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。
- 上記分散剤は、
陰イオン系分散剤、陽イオン系分散剤、両性イオン系分散剤、非イオン系分散剤またはこれらが組合せられた分散剤であり、上記固体原料の全体重量に対して0.1〜10重量%で添加されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。 - 上記消泡剤は、
金属せっけん系またはポリエステル系であり、上記固体原料の全体重量に対して0.01〜0.2重量%で添加されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。 - 上記有機結合剤は、
ポリビニルアルコール系、ポリグリコール系、メチルセルロースまたはこれらを組み合わせたものであり、上記固体原料の全体重量に対して0.5〜5重量%で添加されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。 - 上記スラリー製造段階でスラリーに含まれた異物を除去する段階を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。
- 上記異物は、真空濾過段階により除去されることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。
- 上記吸収剤1次製造段階では、上記噴霧乾燥器の注入圧力が5〜15kg/cm2、加圧ノズルの内径が0.5〜1.2mm、乾燥器の入口温度が260〜300℃、乾燥器の出口温度が110〜130℃であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。
- 上記最終吸収剤製造段階は、
1次製造された吸収剤を110〜150℃の空気雰囲気の還流乾燥器で乾燥させた後、乾燥した吸収剤を空気雰囲気で2〜5℃/min範囲の昇温速度に昇温し、350〜1000℃範囲の焼成温度で焼成させる過程を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。 - 上記最終吸収剤製造段階で成形された吸収剤は、球形であり、粒子サイズが60〜180μmであり、粒子分布が30〜400μmであり、充填密度が0.6〜1.2g/ccであり、耐摩耗性が0.01〜30%であり、CO2吸収能力が3〜10重量%であり、再生性能が70〜100%であることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の排ガス用二酸化炭素吸収剤の製造方法。
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