JP2013000680A - 排ガス浄化フィルタ - Google Patents
排ガス浄化フィルタ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013000680A JP2013000680A JP2011135457A JP2011135457A JP2013000680A JP 2013000680 A JP2013000680 A JP 2013000680A JP 2011135457 A JP2011135457 A JP 2011135457A JP 2011135457 A JP2011135457 A JP 2011135457A JP 2013000680 A JP2013000680 A JP 2013000680A
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- exhaust gas
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 16
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Si] SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】排ガスの流路となる一方の端部15aから他方の端部15bまで延びる複数のセル11を区画形成する多孔質セラミックからなる隔壁12を有するハニカム構造体10と、所定のセル11aの一方の開口端部と残余のセル11bの他方の開口端部とに配設された目封止部13と、を備え、隔壁12の厚さが、0.05mm以上、0.18mm以下であり、この隔壁12の水銀圧入法により測定された平均細孔径が10μm以上、18μm以下であり、且つ隔壁12の水銀圧入法により測定された細孔径分布において、上記平均細孔径の2倍の大きさ以上の細孔の容積の全細孔容積に対する割合が5%以上、40%以下である排ガス浄化フィルタ100。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明の排ガス浄化フィルタの一実施形態を、図を参照しながら説明する。ここで、図1は、本発明の排ガス浄化フィルタの一実施形態を模式的に示す斜視図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態の排ガス浄化フィルタ100は、排ガスの流路となる一方の端部15aから他方の端部15bまで延びる複数のセル11を区画形成する多孔質セラミックからなる隔壁12を有するハニカム構造体10と、所定のセル11aの一方の開口端部と残余のセル11bの他方の開口端部とに配設された目封止部13(13a,13b)と、を備えた排ガス浄化フィルタ100である。なお、本実施形態の排ガス浄化フィルタ100は、直接噴射式ガソリンエンジンや天然ガス圧縮着火方式のエンジン、及び燃料噴射圧力の高圧化、或いは燃料噴射ノズル孔の小径化等の対策を行った先進ディーゼルエンジン等の、粒子状物質の量が少ないエンジンから排出される排ガス中の粒子状物質の除去に好適に用いられる排ガス浄化フィルタである。
以下、本発明の排ガス浄化フィルタを製造する方法について説明する。本発明のハニカム構造体を製造する方法としては、まず、排ガスの流路となる一方の端部から他方の端部まで延びる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質セラミックからなる隔壁を有するハニカム構造体を作製する。この際、得られるハニカム構造体の隔壁の厚さを、0.05mm以上、0.18mm以下とし、隔壁の水銀圧入法により測定された平均細孔径を10μm以上、18μm以下とし、且つ隔壁の水銀圧入法により測定された細孔径分布において、平均細孔径の2倍の大きさ以上の細孔の容積の全細孔容積に対する割合を5%以上、40%以下とする。
(1)排ガス浄化フィルタの作製:
コージェライト化原料として、アルミナ、水酸化アルミニウム、カオリン、タルク、及びシリカを使用し、コージェライト化原料100質量部に、分散媒を35質量部、有機バインダを6質量部、分散剤を0.5質量部、それぞれ添加し、混合、混練して成形用坏土を調製した。分散媒として水を使用し、有機バインダとしてヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを使用し、分散剤としてはエチレングリコールを使用した。
次に、以下の方法で、得られた排ガス浄化フィルタの「初期圧損(比率)」、及び「捕集効率(%)」を測定した。また、「初期圧損(比率)」及び「捕集効率(%)」の測定結果から、排ガス浄化フィルタの「総合評価」を行った。結果を表1に示す。
まず、排ガス浄化フィルタの圧損を測定した。具体的は方法としては、まず、排ガス浄化フィルタに、室温の空気を10Nm3/minの流量で流し、排ガス浄化フィルタの前後の圧力差(即ち、流入側と流出側とにおける差圧)を計測した。そして、実施例15の排ガス浄化フィルタにおける圧力差に対する、各実施例の排ガス浄化フィルタの圧力差の比率(即ち、実施例15の圧力差(圧損)を1とした場合における比率)を、各排ガス浄化フィルタの「初期圧損(比率)」として求めた。
排気量2リットルの直噴式ガソリンエンジンを持つ乗用車両の排気系に各実施例の排ガス浄化フィルタを搭載した際と、上記排ガス浄化フィルタを搭載しない際との、それぞれについて、シャシダイナモによる車両試験を行った。具体的には、欧州規制運転モード(NEDC)にて運転した際における排ガス中の粒子状物質の排出個数を、PMP(欧州規制のパティキュレート計測プロトコル)に沿った計測方法で計測し、その比率(粒子状物質の総排出個数に対する排ガス浄化フィルタにより捕集された個数の比率)より、「捕集効率(%)」を求めた。
各排ガス浄化フィルタの初期圧損(比率)の値を「A」とし、捕集効率(%)の値を「B」とした場合に、「B/A」の値を、各排ガス浄化フィルタの「総合評価」とした。この総合評価においては、その数値が大きいほど、排ガス浄化フィルタの評価が高いこととなる。即ち、「B/A」の値は、初期圧損(比率)が低いか、或いは捕集効率(%)が高い場合に、その数値が大きくなる。
隔壁厚さ、平均細孔径、平均細孔径の2倍の大きさ以上の細孔の容積の割合、及びセル密度を、表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1の排ガス浄化フィルタと同様の方法により排ガス浄化フィルタを作製した。
表1の結果から明らかなように、実施例1〜15の排ガス浄化フィルタは、「初期圧損(比率)」と「捕集効率(%)」との結果が共に良好なものであり、総合評価についても高い値となっていた。即ち、「初期圧損(比率)」と「捕集効率(%)」とのそれぞれがバランスよく高い評価結果となっていた。
Claims (5)
- 排ガスの流路となる一方の端部から他方の端部まで延びる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質セラミックからなる隔壁を有するハニカム構造体と、
所定の前記セルの一方の開口端部と残余の前記セルの他方の開口端部とに配設された目封止部と、を備え、
前記隔壁の厚さが、0.05mm以上、0.18mm以下であり、
前記隔壁の水銀圧入法により測定された平均細孔径が10μm以上、18μm以下であり、且つ前記隔壁の前記水銀圧入法により測定された細孔径分布において、前記平均細孔径の2倍の大きさ以上の細孔の容積の全細孔容積に対する割合が5%以上、40%以下である排ガス浄化フィルタ。 - 前記細孔径分布が、単一ピークの分布曲線である請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化フィルタ。
- 自動車のエンジンから排出される排ガスを浄化するフィルタであって、欧州のNEDC規制モード運転において、排ガス中の粒子状物質の排出量が2×1012個/km以下のエンジン用として用いられる請求項1又は2に記載の排ガス浄化フィルタ。
- 前記ハニカム構造体のセル密度が13セル/cm2以上、70セル/cm2以下である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の排ガス浄化フィルタ。
- 前記目封止部の、前記セルの延びる方向における長さが1mm以上、7mm以下である請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の排ガス浄化フィルタ。
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