JP2011509162A - 組織の光破壊レーザ断片化 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【選択図】 図4a
Description
本出願は、2008年1月9日に出願された米国仮出願番号第61/020,115号、発明の名称「Photodisruptive laser fragmentation of tissue」の優先権を主張し、この文献は、引用によって、その全体が本願に援用される。
一具体例では、パルスレーザ302は、1パルスあたりのエネルギが比較的低く、1秒あたり数千ショット又はこれ以上のパルス繰返し率を有する繰返し率が高いパルスレーザであってもよい。このようなレーザは、1パルスあたりのエネルギを比較的低くして、レーザ誘起光破壊によって引き起こされる組織の影響を局所化するように動作させることができる。この組織の影響の形式の1つは、キャビテーション気泡が形成されることである。幾つかの具体例では、影響を受ける組織領域は、数ミクロン又は数十ミクロンの桁のサイズにすることができる。このように組織の影響を局所化することによって、レーザ手術の精度を向上させることができ、これは、ある種の眼の手術処置において望ましい場合がある。このような手術の一具体例では、数ミクロン〜数十ミクロンの間隔で離間できる連続する又は略々連続する数百、数千、数百万のパルスの配置を用いて、ある所望の手術に有効な配置が達成される。高い繰返し率のパルスレーザを使用するこのような処置では、術中に標的領域内で各パルスを、標的位置に対する絶対位置と、先行するパルスに対する相対位置との両方において、高精度に位置決めする必要がある場合がある。幾つかの場合、例えば、パルス間の時間(繰返し率)がマイクロ秒の桁となり得る場合等では、後続するレーザパルスを数ミクロンの精度で互いに隣り合うように供給する必要があることがある。
Claims (28)
- 光破壊レーザによって生体組織を断片化する方法において、
断片化のための組織の標的領域を選択するステップと、
前記組織の選択された標的領域にレーザパルスのビームを方向付けるステップと、
前記レーザビームを方向付け、前記組織の選択された標的領域内にセル境界を生成して、前記選択された標的領域内にセルを形成するステップとを有する方法。 - 前記組織は、眼の組織である請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組織は、眼の水晶体である請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記選択された標的領域に吸引針を挿入するステップと、
前記吸引針を用いて、前記レーザビームによって既に走査されている前記選択された標的領域から、断片化された組織を除去するステップとを有する請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記セルを形成するステップは、
前記吸引針を通過するために十分小さいサイズを有するセルを形成するステップを含む請求項4記載の方法。 - 前記セルを形成するステップは、
アレイ内に配置されたセルを形成するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記アレイは、規則的アレイである請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記規則的アレイは、単純立方格子、面心格子、体心格子、六方格子、ブラベー格子、及び二次元格子の積層のうちの1つである請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記アレイは、実質的に不規則アレイである請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記セルを形成するステップは、
前記標的組織を、球及び多面体の少なくとも1つのセルに断片化するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記セルを形成するステップは、
前記レーザビームを走査し、層内で並列的に複数のセルを形成するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記セルを形成するステップは、
前記レーザビームを方向付け、順次的に個々のセルを形成するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記セルを形成するステップは、
前記レーザビームを走査し、後方から前方に進むようにセルアレイを形成するステップと、
前記レーザビームを走査し、前方から後方に進むようにセルアレイを形成するステップとのうちの少なくとも1つを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記レーザビームを方向付け、前記セル境界を生成するステップは、
前記組織の選択された標的領域内に気泡の層を形成することによって前記セル境界を生成するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記気泡の層を形成するステップは、
実質的に一定のパワーでレーザビームを適用することによって、気泡の層を形成するステップと、
変化するパワーでレーザビームを適用することによって、気泡の層を形成するステップとのうちの少なくとも1つを含む請求項14記載の方法。 - 前記レーザパルスのビームを方向付けるステップは、
0.01ピコ秒〜50ピコ秒の間のパルス幅、
10キロヘルツ〜100メガヘルツの間の繰返し率、
1マイクロジュール〜25マイクロジュールの間のパルスエネルギ、及び
0.1ミクロン〜50ミクロンの間のパルス標的間隔のうちの少なくとも1つのレーザパラメータで前記レーザパルスを適用するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記レーザパルスのビームを方向付けるステップは、
前記組織の選択された標的領域の構造的な特性の術前測定、及び
年齢に依存するアルゴリズムのうちの少なくとも1つに基づくレーザパラメータで前記レーザパルスを適用するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記組織の選択された標的領域の外の1つ以上の位置に更なるレーザパルスを適用して、更なる処置のための開口を作成するステップを有する請求項1記載の方法。
- 手術目的を特定するステップと、
前記特定された手術目的を達成するためのレーザパラメータ及び方法の特徴を選択するステップとを有する請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記手術目的は、
前記断片化の方法の速度、
前記断片化の間に眼に適用されるエネルギの総量、及び
生成される気泡の総数のうちの1つ以上の最適化である請求項19記載の方法。 - 前記手術目的は、
前記断片化の方法の速度の最大化、
前記断片化の間に眼に適用されるエネルギの総量の最小化、及び
生成される気泡の総数の最小化のうちの1つ以上である請求項19記載の方法。 - レーザパラメータ及び方法の特徴を選択して、
2分未満、
1分未満、及び
30秒未満のうちの少なくとも1つの断片化の合計時間を達成する請求項19記載の方法。 - レーザパラメータ及び方法の特徴を選択して、セルサイズの気泡サイズに対する比を、
10より大、
100より大、及び
1000より大のうちの少なくとも1つにする請求項19記載の方法。 - 生体組織を断片化するレーザシステムにおいて、
パルスのレーザビームを生成するパルスレーザと、
前記組織の選択された標的領域に前記レーザビームを方向付け、及び
前記レーザビームを方向付け、前記組織の選択された標的領域内にセル境界を生成して、セルを形成するレーザ制御モジュールとを有するレーザシステム。 - 前記レーザ制御モジュールは、規則的アレイ内にセルを形成するように構成されている請求項24記載のレーザシステム。
- 前記レーザ制御モジュールは、
0.01ピコ秒〜50ピコ秒の間のパルス幅、
10キロヘルツ〜100メガヘルツの間の繰返し率、
1マイクロジュール〜25マイクロジュールの間のパルスエネルギ、及び
0.1ミクロン〜50ミクロンの間のパルス標的間隔のうちの少なくとも1つのレーザパラメータでレーザパルスを生成するように構成されている請求項24記載のレーザシステム。 - 光破壊レーザによって眼内の組織を断片化する方法において、
断片化のための眼内の標的領域を選択するステップと、
前記レーザパルスのビームを方向付け、前記標的領域内にセル境界を生成することによって、前記組織の断片化に必要な手術時間が2分未満となるようなセルサイズ及びレーザビームのレーザパラメータで前記標的領域内にセルのアレイを形成し、同じレーザパラメータによる同じ標的領域のボルメトリック組織断片化では、2分を超える手術時間が必要となる方法。 - 前記レーザパラメータは、
0.01ピコ秒〜50ピコ秒の間のパルス幅、
10キロヘルツ〜100メガヘルツの間の繰返し率、
1マイクロジュール〜25マイクロジュールの間のパルスエネルギ、及び
0.1ミクロン〜50ミクロンの間のパルス標的間隔のうちの少なくとも1つであり、
前記セルサイズは、1ミクロン〜50ミクロンの間である請求項27記載の方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US2011508P | 2008-01-09 | 2008-01-09 | |
US61/020,115 | 2008-01-09 | ||
PCT/US2009/030676 WO2009089504A2 (en) | 2008-01-09 | 2009-01-09 | Photodisruptive laser fragmentation of tissue |
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JP2011509162A true JP2011509162A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
JP2011509162A5 JP2011509162A5 (ja) | 2012-02-16 |
JP5373820B2 JP5373820B2 (ja) | 2013-12-18 |
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EP (3) | EP2240108B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5373820B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112009000064T5 (ja) |
DK (2) | DK3363415T3 (ja) |
ES (3) | ES2690975T3 (ja) |
PL (2) | PL2926780T3 (ja) |
PT (2) | PT2926780T (ja) |
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DK2926780T3 (en) | 2018-12-10 |
US20160331590A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
US20210322219A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
EP3363415A1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
US11654054B2 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
ES2537205T3 (es) | 2015-06-03 |
TR201815101T4 (tr) | 2018-11-21 |
EP2240108A2 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
EP3363415B1 (en) | 2019-10-02 |
US20090177189A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
EP2240108B1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
US9427356B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
PT3363415T (pt) | 2019-11-05 |
ES2757628T3 (es) | 2020-04-29 |
EP2926780B1 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
PL3363415T3 (pl) | 2020-03-31 |
DK3363415T3 (da) | 2019-11-25 |
WO2009089504A2 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
PT2926780T (pt) | 2018-11-07 |
US11026838B2 (en) | 2021-06-08 |
ES2690975T3 (es) | 2018-11-23 |
WO2009089504A3 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
EP2240108A4 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
JP5373820B2 (ja) | 2013-12-18 |
PL2926780T3 (pl) | 2019-01-31 |
DE112009000064T5 (de) | 2010-11-04 |
US20140350531A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
EP2926780A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
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