JP2011500306A - 抗菌性膜 - Google Patents
抗菌性膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011500306A JP2011500306A JP2010528359A JP2010528359A JP2011500306A JP 2011500306 A JP2011500306 A JP 2011500306A JP 2010528359 A JP2010528359 A JP 2010528359A JP 2010528359 A JP2010528359 A JP 2010528359A JP 2011500306 A JP2011500306 A JP 2011500306A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- membrane
- zinc
- zeolite
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag] BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylenes Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012511 carbohydrate analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OQUKIQWCVTZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 OQUKIQWCVTZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- VCRZAKVGPJFABU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-phenoxarsinin-10-yloxyphenoxarsinine Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2OC2=CC=CC=C2[As]1O[As]1C2=CC=CC=C2OC2=CC=CC=C21 VCRZAKVGPJFABU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HDCGAHPPUWORDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-3h-1,2-benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SN(CCCC)CC2=C1 HDCGAHPPUWORDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl butylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)OCC#CI WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PORQOHRXAJJKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1SC(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O PORQOHRXAJJKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BYNQFCJOHGOKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 BYNQFCJOHGOKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HDHLIWCXDDZUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N irgarol 1051 Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC1=NC(SC)=NC(NC2CC2)=N1 HDHLIWCXDDZUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004546 thiabendazole Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;1-oxidopyridine-2-thione Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S.[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005385 borate glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000032770 biofilm formation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940098773 bovine serum albumin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- GXELTROTKVKZBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dibenzylhydroxylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GXELTROTKVKZBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWNBRRGFUVBTQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-di(propan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)C)C=C1 PWNBRRGFUVBTQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1O JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLUKQUGVTITNSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SLUKQUGVTITNSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWRLEEPNFJNTOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=NC=N1 HWRLEEPNFJNTOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEHILEUXPOWXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-ylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)P(O)(O)=O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1O DEHILEUXPOWXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FJGQBLRYBUAASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)phenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1N1N=C2C=CC=CC2=N1 FJGQBLRYBUAASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQYFETFRIRDUPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxy-5-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]sulfanyl-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(SC=2C(=CC=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)O)=C1 WQYFETFRIRDUPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYJXQDCMXTWHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4,6-bis(octylsulfanylmethyl)phenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCSCC1=CC(CSCCCCCCCC)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ZYJXQDCMXTWHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VVLMDCMIWAXIPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium sodium phosphoric acid borate Chemical compound B([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)(O)(O)O.[Na+].[Mg+2] VVLMDCMIWAXIPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002690 malonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-diphenyloxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBINNYMQZVKNFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-1-phenylmethanimine oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=[N+]([O-])CC1=CC=CC=C1 UBINNYMQZVKNFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005373 pervaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000614 phase inversion technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical class OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940077935 zinc phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
- B01D67/00793—Dispersing a component, e.g. as particles or powder, in another component
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D69/14—Dynamic membranes
- B01D69/141—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
- B01D69/148—Organic/inorganic mixed matrix membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
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- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
ガスを分離させること;
生物工学または医療において生体分子または生体粒子(例えば、血小板または高分子量生体高分子、例えば、タンパク質)を水性液体または分散液から分離させること;
発電において使用される水を濾過すること;
工業的工程、化学的工程、金属処理、半導体加工処理、パルプおよび紙の加工処理のための水を精製および/または浄化すること、ならびに、特に、飲料水および/または廃水を精製および/または浄化すること;
のために使用することができる。
5〜50重量部(特に、10〜40重量部)の銀ゼオライトもしくは銀亜鉛ゼオライトおよび50〜95重量部(特に、60〜90重量部)の亜鉛化合物(ここで、該亜鉛化合物は、実質的に水不溶性であり、例えば、酸化亜鉛または亜鉛ゼオライトなどである)を含んでいる銀放出粒子を含んでいる組成物;
または、
50〜100重量部(特に、100重量部)の銀ガラスもしくは銀亜鉛ガラスおよび0〜50重量部(特に、0重量部)の亜鉛化合物(ここで、該亜鉛化合物は、実質的に水不溶性であり、例えば、酸化亜鉛または亜鉛ゼオライトなどである)を含んでいる銀放出粒子を含んでいる組成物;
などを挙げることができる。
1. 酸化防止剤:
1.1. アルキル化モノフェノール類、例えば、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール;
1.2. アルキルチオメチルフェノール類、例えば、2,4-ジオクチルチオメチル-6-tert-ブチルフェノール;
1.3. ヒドロキノン類およびアルキル化ヒドロキノン類、例えば、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-メトキシフェノール、2,5-ジ-tert-ブチルヒドロキノン;
1.4. トコフェロール類、例えば、α-トコフェロール;
1.5. ヒドロキシル化チオジフェニルエーテル類、例えば、2,2'-チオビス(6-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール);
1.6. アルキリデンビスフェノール類、例えば、2,2'-メチレンビス(6-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール);
1.7. O-ベンジル化合物、N-ベンジル化合物およびS-ベンジル化合物、例えば、3,5,3',5'-テトラ-tert-ブチル-4,4'-ジヒドロキシジベンジルエーテル;
1.8. ヒドロキシベンジル化マロネート類、例えば、ジオクタデシル-2,2-ビス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-2-ヒドロキシベンジル)マロネート;
1.9. 芳香族ヒドロキシベンジル化合物、例えば、1,3,5-トリス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)-2,4,6-トリメチルベンゼン;
1.10. トリアジン化合物、例えば、2,4-ビス(オクチルメルカプト)-6-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシアニリノ)-1,3,5-トリアジン;
1.11. ベンジルホスホネート類、例えば、ジメチル-2,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジルホスホネート;
1.12. アシルアミノフェノール類、例えば、4-ヒドロキシラウラニリド;
1.13. 一価アルコールまたは多価アルコールとβ-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオン酸のエステル類;
1.14. 一価アルコールまたは多価アルコールとβ-(5-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-3-メチルフェニル)プロピオン酸のエステル類;
1.15. 一価アルコールまたは多価アルコールとβ-(3,5-ジシクロヘキシル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオン酸のエステル類;
1.16. 一価アルコールまたは多価アルコールと3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル酢酸のエステル類;
1.17. β-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオン酸のアミド類、例えば、N,N'-ビス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニルプロピオニル)ヘキサメチレンジアミド;
1.18. アスコルビン酸(ビタミンC);
1.19. アミン系酸化防止剤、例えば、N,N'-ジ-イソプロピル-p-フェニレンジアミン;
2. 紫外線吸収剤および光安定剤:
2.1. 2-(2'-ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール類、例えば、2-(2'-ヒドロキシ-5'-メチルフェニル)-ベンゾトリアゾール;
2.2. 2-ヒドロキシベンゾフェノン類、例えば、その4-ヒドロキシ誘導体;
2.3. 置換安息香酸および非置換安息香酸のエステル類、例えば、サリチル酸4-tert-ブチル-フェニル;
2.4. アクリレート類、例えば、α-シアノ-β,β-ジフェニルアクリル酸エチル;
2.5. ニッケル化合物、例えば、2,2'-チオ-ビス[4-(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチル)フェノール]のニッケル錯体;
2.6. 立体障害性アミン類、例えば、ビス(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-4-ピペリジル)セバケート;
2.7. オキサミド類、例えば、4,4'-ジオクチルオキシオキサニリド;
2.8. 2-(2-ヒドロキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン類、例えば、2,4-ビス(2,4-ジメチルフェニル)-6(2-ヒドロキシ-4-オクチルオキシフェニル[または、-4-ドデシル/トリデシルオキシフェニル])-1,3,5-トリアジン;
3. 金属不活性化剤、例えば、N,N'-ジフェニルオキサミド;
4. ホスフィト類およびホスホニト類、例えば、亜リン酸トリフェニル;
5. ヒドロキシルアミン類、例えば、N,N-ジベンジルヒドロキシルアミン;
6. ニトロン類、例えば、N-ベンジル-α-フェニルニトロン;
7. 硫黄含有相乗剤(thiosynergist)、例えば、チオジプロピオン酸ジラウリル;
8. 過酸化物捕捉剤、例えば、β-チオジプロピオン酸のエステル類;
10. 塩基性共安定剤、例えば、メラミン、ポリアミド類、ポリウレタン類、高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩およびアルカリ土類金属塩、例えば、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸亜鉛;
11. 造核剤、例えば、無機物質、例えば、タルカム、金属酸化物;
12. 充填剤および強化剤、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、シリケート、ガラス繊維、ガラスビーズ、アスベスト、タルク、カオリン、雲母、硫酸バリウム、金属酸化物および水酸化物、カーボンブラック、黒鉛、木粉および他の天然産物の粉末もしくは繊維、合成繊維;
13. 他の添加剤、例えば、可塑剤、滑剤、乳化剤、顔料、レオロジー添加剤(rheology additives)、触媒、流れ調整剤、蛍光増白剤、防炎加工剤、帯電防止剤および発泡剤;
14. ベンゾフラノン類およびインドリノン類、例えば、以下のものに開示されているもの:U.S.4,325,863、U.S.4,338,244、U.S.5,175,312、U.S.5,216,052、U.S.5,252,643、DE-A-4316611、DE-A-4316622、DE-A-4316876、EP-A-0589839、EP-A-0591102、EP-A-1291384。
適切な抗菌性添加剤は、好ましくは、イオン性添加剤を含んでいない高度に多孔性の元素銀ミクロ粒子およびナノ粒子ならびに銀ゼオライトから選択される。5〜150nmの寸法を有する銀一次粒子は凝集し得るが、そのような凝集体を好ましくは使用する。銀ゼオライト添加剤は、ゼオライト構造の一部分である銀イオンが極めて遅い制御された浸出速度を有しているので、湿潤条件下で長期間にわたって活性を示すという有利点を有している。この添加剤は、広い範囲の細菌類に対して特に活性を示す。そのような物質は、「IRGAGUARD」のブランド名で「Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc.」によって市販されている。
BSA ウシ血清アルブミン
SEM 走査型電子顕微鏡
EDAX エネルギー分散X線分光法
材料および方法
「Ultra son E6020P」(BASF)は、使用する前に120℃で24時間乾燥させる。化学薬品および添加剤は、受領したままの状態で使用する。
銀ゼオライト-PES膜の調製
膜は、典型的な非溶媒転相法によって調製する。ポリエーテルスルホン(PES)(14g)をN-ジメチルピロリドン(NMP)(41g)に60℃で2時間溶解させる。必要とされる量の銀ゼオライト(ポリマーに対する添加剤の重量%:0.5〜5重量%)を約10gのNMPの中に完全に分散させ、上記ポリマー溶液に添加して均質な溶液が得られるまで約1時間撹拌する。ポリエチレングリコール-400(34g)を上記混合物に添加し、1時間撹拌する。均質な溶液が得られた後、該流延溶液を一晩放置して気泡を完全に放出させる。その溶液を鋼製のGardnerナイフを用いてガラス製プレートの上に200μmの湿潤厚さで流延し、ミリQ水の凝固浴中に浸漬する。形成された膜を剥がし、次いで、多量の水で洗浄して溶媒および他の有機残渣を除去する。膜は、SEMおよびEDAX分析による試験に付す。対照膜と改質された膜の微細構造は、限外濾過膜用の膜の形態と一致している。結果は、添加剤が膜の両面に申し分なく分散していることを示した。
膜の一般的な性能に対する抗菌性添加剤の影響について、水透過流束(water flux)およびBSA濾過を測定することによって評価する。15.2cm2の有効膜表面積を有するデッドエンド撹拌セルを用いて、水透過流束およびBSA濾過を測定する。撹拌機の速度を400rpmに維持し、80kPaの圧力を高圧ガス容器から誘導する。パーソナルコンピューターに連結させた直示天秤を用いて、時限透過物収集(timed permeate collection)によって該流束をモニターする。ウシ血清アルブミン(67kDa)をモデルタンパク質として使用する。ミリQ脱イオン水を用いて、0.5重量%BSAの溶液を調製する。
ポリエーテルスルホンを使用する限外濾過抗菌性ブレンド膜を、実施例1に記載されている方法と同様の方法で調製する。バッチ流CDC Biofilm Reactor(BioSurface Technologies)を用いて、直径1.27cmの当該膜の上で、緑膿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)のバイオフィルムを48時間成長させる。形成されたバイオフィルムの量を、標準的なフェノール-硫酸法炭水化物分析を用いて評価する。各サンプルについて、4つの試験片を試験する。抗菌性ブレンド膜では、バイオフィルムの形成は、対照膜よりも少なかった。特に、4重量%銀ゼオライトブレンド膜および1重量%元素ミクロ銀ブレンド膜では、バイオフィルムの成長は有意に少ない。表2は、バイオリアクター内で48時間後における種々の膜についての幾つかの結果について例証している。
Claims (15)
- 銀ガラス、亜鉛と組み合わされた銀ゼオライトおよび大きな比表面積を有する元素銀からなる群より選択される銀放出粒子の、水処理プロセスまたはガス分離プロセスのための膜中での抗菌剤としての使用。
- 前記水処理プロセスが、食品、飲物、医薬品およびそれらの半製品から選択される水性液体もしくは分散液を濾過すること、生物工学もしくは医療において生体分子もしくは生体粒子を水性液体もしくは分散液から分離させること、発電において使用される水を濾過すること、ならびに/または、工業的工程、化学的工程、金属処理、半導体加工処理、パルプおよび紙の加工処理のための水を精製および/もしくは浄化すること、ならびに、特に、飲料水および/もしくは廃水を精製および/もしくは浄化すること
を含む、請求項1に記載の使用。 - 前記銀放出粒子が、亜鉛化合物と組み合わされた銀ゼオライト、銀亜鉛ゼオライト、銀ガラスおよび比表面積が3m2/g以上の元素銀、例えば、平均粒径5〜100nmの銀ナノ粒子または多孔度50%以上のミクロ銀から選択される、請求項1または2に記載の使用。
- 前記銀放出粒子が、膜ポリマー、例えば、該粒子をポリマー流延溶液に添加することにより得ることが可能な膜ポリマーに分散されている、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 膜ガス濾過系または特に膜水濾過系の効力を維持する方法であって、亜鉛化合物と組み合わされた銀ゼオライト、銀亜鉛ゼオライト、銀ガラスおよび大きな比表面積を有する元素銀からなる群より選択される銀放出粒子を該膜物質の中に組み入れることによって、該系を細菌類および/または藻類による腐敗から保護することを含む、前記方法。
- 前記膜が、有機ポリマーから、好ましくは、酢酸セルロース類、ポリアクリロニトリル類、ポリアミド類、ポリオレフィン類、ポリエステル類、ポリスルホン類、ポリエーテルスルホン類、ビスフェノール類、ポリエーテルケトン類、スルホン化ポリエーテルケトン類、ポリアミドスルホン類、ポリフッ化ビニリデン類、ポリ塩化ビニル類、ポリスチレン類およびポリテトラフルオロエチレン類またはそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される有機ポリマーから、さらに好ましくは、ポリオレフィン類、ポリエステル、塩素化ポリエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン類、芳香族ポリスルホン類、芳香族ポリフェニレン-スルホン類、芳香族ポリエーテルスルホン類、ポリアミドおよびそれらのコポリマーからなる群より選択される有機ポリマーから調製される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記組み入れられている粒子が元素銀または銀および亜鉛を含んでおり、後者が、添加剤粒子100重量部に基づいて、
5〜50重量部の銀ゼオライトもしくは銀亜鉛ゼオライトおよび50〜95重量部の亜鉛化合物を含んでおり、ここで、該亜鉛化合物は、実質的に水不溶性であるか;
または、
50〜100重量部の銀ガラスもしくは銀亜鉛ガラスおよび0〜50重量部の亜鉛化合物を含んでおり、ここで、該亜鉛化合物は、実質的に水不溶性であり;
実質的に水不溶性である該亜鉛化合物は、好ましくは、酸化亜鉛および亜鉛ゼオライトから選択される、請求項5または6に記載の方法。 - 前記銀放出粒子の量が、膜ポリマーの重量に基づいて、0.3〜10重量%を構成する、請求項5〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記膜系が、さらなる抗菌剤、特に、ジ-およびトリハロゲノ-ヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル類、例えば、ジクロサンもしくはトリクロサン、3,5-ジメチル-テトラヒドロ-1,3,5-2H-チオジアジン-2-チオン、ビス-トリブチルスズオキシド、4,5-ジクロロ-2-n-オクチル-4-イソチアゾリン-3-オン、N-ブチル-ベンゾイソチアゾリン、10,10'-オキシビスフェノキシアルシン、亜鉛-2-ピリジンチオール-1-オキシド、2-メチルチオ-4-シクロプロピルアミノ-6-(α,β-ジメチルプロピルアミノ)-s-トリアジン、2-メチルチオ-4-シクロプロピルアミノ-6-tert-ブチルアミノ-s-トリアジン、2-メチルチオ-4-エチルアミノ-6-(α,β-ジメチルプロピルアミノ)-s-トリアジン、2,4,4'-トリクロロ-2'-ヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル、IPBC、カルベンダジムまたはチアベンダゾールから選択される抗菌剤を含んでいる、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種類の非浸出性生物活性物質を膜の内部および/または膜の表面の少なくとも一部分の分散された成分として含んでいる半透性膜または高密度膜を含んでいる膜系であって、該分散された非浸出性生物活性物質が、実質的に該膜に対して化学的に結合することなく、該膜に結合している粒子の形態にあり、
該膜が、非浸出性生物活性物質を含んでいない同じ膜と比較して、フェノール-硫酸法による炭水化物分析によって観察される緑膿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)のバイオフィルムの成長を少なくとも20%低減させることを特徴としている、前記膜系。 - 前記非浸出性生物活性物質が、実質的に水不溶性であるオリゴダイナミック生物活性物質、好ましくは、亜鉛化合物と組み合わされた銀ゼオライト、銀亜鉛ゼオライト、銀ガラスおよび大きな比表面積を有する元素銀からなる群より選択される実質的に水不溶性であるオリゴダイナミック生物活性物質である、請求項10に記載の膜系。
- 水性液体を濾過するための半透性膜または高密度膜を含んでいる膜系であって、該膜が請求項1〜4または6〜8のいずれか1項に記載されている銀放出粒子および有機ポリマーを含んでいる、前記膜系。
- 抗菌性濾過膜を調製する方法であって、請求項1、3または7に記載されている銀放出粒子をポリマー、特に、請求項6に記載されているポリマーの中に含ませることおよび該ポリマーを半透性膜または高密度膜中に形成させることを含む、前記方法。
- 前記銀放出粒子を前記膜に含ませることを、沈澱法もしくは成形法、例えば押し出しによって実施するか、または、溶融流延法もしくは溶液流延法によって実施する、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 膜濾過系における水性液体の処理方法、特に、水処理方法であって、請求項1、3または7に記載されている銀放出粒子を該膜に組み入れることを含む、前記方法。
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Also Published As
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AU2008309752B2 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
EP2217358A1 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
US20110024355A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
WO2009047154A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
CN101820984A (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
US20140091031A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
AU2008309752A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
TW200932342A (en) | 2009-08-01 |
KR20100085970A (ko) | 2010-07-29 |
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