JP2011079913A - 重合体、タイヤ用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
重合体、タイヤ用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011079913A JP2011079913A JP2009231891A JP2009231891A JP2011079913A JP 2011079913 A JP2011079913 A JP 2011079913A JP 2009231891 A JP2009231891 A JP 2009231891A JP 2009231891 A JP2009231891 A JP 2009231891A JP 2011079913 A JP2011079913 A JP 2011079913A
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- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 32
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 4
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- IABJHLPWGMWHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)propyl-trimethoxysilane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)=NC2=C1 IABJHLPWGMWHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGWKUHMGVOBTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-triphenoxysilylpropyl)oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)CC1CCC[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 NGWKUHMGVOBTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005767 propoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[#8]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WDVUXWDZTPZIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(2-trichlorosilylethyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)CC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl WDVUXWDZTPZIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3-isocyanatopropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN=C=O FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
すなわち本発明は、下記一般式(I)で表されるリチウムアミド化合物と下記一般式(II)で表されるシラン化合物とを反応させて得られる重合開始剤を用いて、共役ジエン化合物または共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物を重合して得られる重合体に関する。
本発明の重合体は、上記一般式(I)で表されるリチウムアミド化合物と上記一般式(II)で表されるシラン化合物とを反応させて得られる重合開始剤を用いて、共役ジエン化合物または共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物を重合して得られる重合体である。
なかでも、入手容易性という理由から、環は、4員環〜10員環が好ましく、4員環〜8員環がより好ましい。
上記リチウムアミド化合物と上記シラン化合物とを接触させることにより、下記式(III)に示す反応が進行し、特定のアミノシラン構造を含んだ重合開始剤が得られる。該重合開始剤は、このような構造を有しているため、開始末端にアミノ基およびシリル基を導入した変性重合体を得ることができる。
官能基としては、例えばアミノ基、アミド基、アルコキシシリル基、イソシアネート基、イミノ基、イミダゾール基、ウレア基、エーテル基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、ヒドロキシル基、ニトリル基、ピリジル基等があげられる。なお、これらの官能基は、置換基を有していてもよい。なかでも、ゴム組成物の低燃費性とウェットグリップ性能のバランスを向上させるという理由から、アミノ基、アルコキシシリル基、エーテル基、カルボニル基、ヒドロキシル基、カルボキシル基が好ましい。
ミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、ビス(2−エチルヘキサノエート)スズ、ビス(2−メチルブトキシ)メチルクロロシラン、ビス(3−トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビスジエチルアミノベンゾフェノン、ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノキシエタノールフルオレンジグリシジルエーテル、ビス(メチルジエトキシシリルプロピル)アミン、ビス(メチルジメトキシシリルプロピル)−N−メチルアミン、ヒドロキシメチルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(2−エチルヘキシルオキシ)シラン、ビニルベンジルジエチルアミン、ビニルベンジルジメチルアミン、ビニルベンジルトリブチルスズ、ビニルベンジルピペリジン、ビニルベンジルピロリジン、ピロリジン、フェニルイソシアナート、フェニルイソチオシアナート、(フェニルアミノメチル)メチルジメトキシシラン、(フェニルアミノメチル)メチルジエトキシシラン、フタル酸アミド、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアナート、ベンジリデンアニリン、ポリジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ポリジメチルシロキサン、メチル−4−ピリジルケトン、メチルカプロラクタム、メチルトリエトキシシラン、メチルトリフェノキシシラン、ラウリルチオプロピオン酸メチル、四塩化ケイ素等があげられる。
なお、重量平均分子量(Mw)は、後述の実施例に記載の方法により測定した値である。
なお、スチレン量は、後述の実施例に記載の方法により測定した値である。
なお、ビニル量は、後述の実施例に記載の方法により測定した値である。
本発明では、ゴム成分として、上記重合体が使用される。ゴム成分として、上記重合体を使用することにより、低燃費性とウェットグリップ性能を両立できる。
なお、カーボンブラックのチッ素吸着比表面積は、JIS K6217のA法によって求められる。
なお、シリカの窒素吸着比表面積は、ASTM D3037−81に準じてBET法で測定される値である。
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、上記ゴム組成物を用いて通常の方法によって製造できる。すなわち、ゴム組成物を未加硫の段階で各部材(特に、トレッド)の形状に合わせて押し出し加工し、タイヤ成型機上にて通常の方法にて成形し、他のタイヤ部材とともに貼り合わせ、未加硫タイヤを形成する。この未加硫タイヤを加硫機中で加熱加圧してタイヤを製造できる。
リチウムジイソプロピルアミド:関東化学(株)製の1Mリチウムジイソプロピルアミド,n−ヘキサン−テトラヒドロフラン溶液
ピロリジン:関東化学(株)製のピロリジン
ヘキサメチレンイミン:関東化学(株)製のへキサメチレンイミン
モルホリン:関東化学(株)製のモルホリン
1.6M n−ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液:関東化学(株)製の1.6M n−ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液
1,1−ジメチル−1−シラシクロブタン:信越シリコーン(株)製のLS−700
n−ヘキサン:関東化学(株)製のn−ヘキサン
THF:関東化学(株)製のテトラヒドロフラン
(重合開始剤溶液(1)の合成)
十分に窒素置換した200ml容器に、n−ヘキサン88ml、1,1−ジメチル−1−シラシクロブタン1.3mlを加え、0℃にて1.0Mリチウムジイソプロピルアミド,n−ヘキサン−テトラヒドロフラン溶液10mlを滴下し、1時間攪拌することで重合開始剤(下記式(1))溶液(1)を得た。
(重合開始剤溶液(2)の合成)
十分に窒素置換した100ml容器に、n−ヘキサン40ml、ピロリジン0.83ml、THF4mlを加え、0℃にて1.6M n−ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液6.25mlを滴下し、1時間撹拌してリチウムアミド化合物(リチウムピロリジン−1−イド)の溶液を調製した。次に十分に窒素置換した200ml容器に、n−ヘキサン44ml、1,1−ジメチル−1−シラシクロブタン1.3mlを加え、0℃にて調製したリチウムアミド化合物の溶液を滴下し、1時間撹拌することで重合開始剤(下記式(2))溶液(2)を得た。
(重合開始剤溶液(3)の合成)
十分に窒素置換した100ml容器に、n−ヘキサン40ml、ヘキサメチレンイミン1.13ml、THF4mlを加え、0℃にて1.6M n−ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液6.25mlを滴下し、1時間撹拌してリチウムアミド化合物(リチウムアゼパン−1−イド)の溶液を調製した。次に十分に窒素置換した200ml容器に、n−ヘキサン44ml、1,1−ジメチル−1−シラシクロブタン1.3mlを加え、0℃にて調製したリチウムアミド化合物の溶液を滴下し、1時間撹拌することで重合開始剤(下記式(3))溶液(3)を得た。
(重合開始剤溶液(4)の合成)
十分に窒素置換した100ml容器に、n−ヘキサン40ml、モルホリン0.87ml、THF4mlを加え、0℃にて1.6M n−ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液6.25mlを滴下し、1時間撹拌してリチウムアミド化合物(リチウムモルホリン−4−イド)の溶液を調製した。次に十分に窒素置換した200ml容器に、n−ヘキサン44ml、1,1−ジメチル−1−シラシクロブタン1.3mlを加え、0℃にて調製したリチウムアミド化合物の溶液を滴下し、1時間撹拌することで重合開始剤(下記式(4))溶液(4)を得た。
ブタジエン:高千穂化学工業(株)製の1,3−ブタジエン
スチレン:関東化学(株)製のスチレン
イソプレン:関東化学(株)製のイソプレン
n−ヘキサン:関東化学(株)製のn−ヘキサン
THF:関東化学(株)製のテトラヒドロフラン
重合開始剤(1)〜(4):上記製造例(1)〜(4)で調製した重合開始剤溶液(1)〜(4)
sec−ブチルリチウム:関東化学(株)製の1.0Msec−ブチルリチウム,ヘキサン−シクロヘキサン溶液
変性剤(1):アヅマックス社製の3−(N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピル)トリメトキシシラン(式(V)において、R6、R7及びR8=メトキシ基、R9及びR10=メチル基、r=3)
変性剤(2):アヅマックス社製の3−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(式(VI)において、R11、R12及びR13=メトキシ基、R14=オキシラン基、p=3、q=1)
変性剤(3):アジマックス社製の3−トリエトキシシリルプロピル無水コハク酸(式(VII)において、R15、R16及びR17=エトキシ基、s=3)
イソプロパノール:関東化学(株)製のイソプロパノール
2,6−tert−ブチル−p−クレゾール:関東化学(株)製の2,6−tert−ブチル−p−クレゾール
メタノール:関東化学(株)製メタノール
(重合体(1)の合成)
十分に窒素置換した2000ml耐圧製容器に、n−ヘキサン1500ml、スチレン25ml、ブタジエン150ml、THF10mlを加え、40℃で重合開始剤溶液(1)4.5mlを加えて撹拌した。3時問後、イソプロパノール3mlを加えて重合を停止させた。反応溶液に2,6−tert−ブチル−p−クレゾール1gを添加後、メタノールで再沈殿処理を行い、加熱乾燥させて重合体(1)を得た。
(重合体(2)〜(5)、(10)の合成)
表2に示す処方に従って、重合体(1)と同様の方法にて重合体(2)〜(5)、(10)を得た。
(重合体(6)の合成)
十分に窒素置換した2000ml耐圧製容器に、n−ヘキサン1500ml、スチレン25ml、ブタジエン150ml、THF10mlを加え、40℃で重合開始剤溶液(1)4.5mlを加えて撹拌した。3時間後、変性剤(1)0.1mlを加えて撹拌した。30分後、イソプロパノール3mlを加えて重合を停止させた。反応溶液に2,6−tert−ブチル−p−クレゾール1gを添加後、メタノールで再沈殿処理を行い、加熱乾燥させて重合体(6)を得た。
(重合体(7)〜(9)の合成)
表2に示す処方に従って、重合体(6)と同様の方法にて重合体(7)〜(9)を得た。
日本電子(株)製の核磁気共鳴装置(JNM−ECAシリーズ)を用いて測定した。
ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ(GPC)(東ソー(株)製GPC−8000シリーズ、検出器:示差屈折計、カラム:東ソー(株)製のTSKGEL SUPERMALTPORE HZ−M)を用い、標準ポリスチレンより換算した値である。
NR:RSS#3
BR:宇部興産(株)製のウベポールBR150L(シス含量:98質量%)
重合体(1)〜(10):製造例5〜14で調製した重合体(1)〜(10)
カーボンブラック:キャボットジャパン(株)製のショウブラックN220(N2SA:111m2/g)
シリカ;デグッサ社製のウルトラシルVN3(N2SA:175m2/g)
シランカップリング剤:デグッサ社製のSi69((ビス(3−トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド))
老化防止剤:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクラック6C(N−1,3−ジメチルブチル−N’−フェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン)
ステアリン酸:日油(株)製のステアリン酸
酸化亜鉛:三井金属鉱業(株)製の亜鉛華1号
硫黄:鶴見化学(株)製の粉未硫黄
加硫促進剤(1):大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラ−NS
加硫促進剤(2):大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーD
表3に示す配合内容に従い、バンバリーミキサーを用いて、硫黄及び加硫促進剤以外の材料を150℃の条件下で3分間混練りし、混練り物を得た。次に、得られた混練り物に硫黄及び加硫促進剤を添加し、オープンロールを用いて、50℃の条件下で5分間練り込み、未加硫ゴム組成物を得た。得られた未加硫ゴム組成物を170℃で20分間、0.5mm厚の金型でプレス加硫し、加硫ゴム組成物を得た。
(株)上島製作所製スペクトロメーターを用いて、動的歪振幅1%、周波数10Hz、温度60℃でtanδを測定した。tanδの逆数の値について比較例1を100として指数表示した。指数が大きいほど低燃費性に優れることを示している。
(株)上島製作所製フラットベルト式摩擦試験機(FR5010型)を用いてグリップ性能を評価した。幅20mm、直径100mmの円筒形のゴム試験片を用い、速度20km/時間、荷重4kgf、路面温度20℃の条件で、路面に対するサンプルのスリップ率を0〜50%まで変化させ、その際に検出される摩擦係数の最大値を読みとった。比較例1を100として指数表示した。指数が大きいほどウェットグリッブ性能が高いことを示す。
水を撒いて湿潤路面としたテストコースにて、タイヤを排気量2000ccの国産FR車に装着し、速度70km/hで制動し、タイヤに制動をかけてから停車するまでの走行距離(制動距離)を測定し、その距離の逆数の値を比較例1を100として、それぞれ指数表示した。指数が大きいほどウェットグリッブ性能が高いことを示す。
Claims (5)
- 前記重合体の停止末端が、窒素、酸素、およびケイ素からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の原子を含む官能基を有する化合物により変性されている請求項1記載の重合体。
- 前記共役ジエン化合物が1,3−ブタジエンまたはイソプレンであり、前記芳香族ビニル化合物がスチレンである請求項1または2記載の重合体。
- ゴム成分100質量%中の請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の重合体の含有量が5質量%以上であるタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 請求項4記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物を用いて作製した空気入りタイヤ。
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