JP2010523167A - インスリン注入を制御および監視するモデル予測の方法およびシステム - Google Patents
インスリン注入を制御および監視するモデル予測の方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010523167A JP2010523167A JP2009548227A JP2009548227A JP2010523167A JP 2010523167 A JP2010523167 A JP 2010523167A JP 2009548227 A JP2009548227 A JP 2009548227A JP 2009548227 A JP2009548227 A JP 2009548227A JP 2010523167 A JP2010523167 A JP 2010523167A
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Abstract
Description
ミニマルモデル
Y: インスリンに起因するグルコースの比例的消滅(無単位)
RA: 外因的な食事出現速度(mg/dl/分)
IP: 血漿中のインスリン濃度(μU/ml)
IR: 遠隔コンパートメント中のインスリン濃度(μU/ml)
CI: インスリンクリアランス(ml/分)
として定義される。
以下のパラメータは:
GEZI: インスリンゼロ時におけるグルコース感受性
p2: インスリン作用の時定数
SI: インスリン感受性
p4: 内因的なグルコース産生量
τ1: 遠隔コンパートメントに由来するインスリンの時定数
τ2: 血漿空間に由来するインスリンの時定数
VG: グルコースの分布容積
τm: 第1および第2コンパートメントに由来する食事の時定数(これは、食事出現速度曲線のピーク時に等しい)
CH: 炭水化物摂取量
ISB: 食事に対する単回ボーラスとして投与されたインスリン
TD: 拡張ボーラスの持続時間
として定義される]。
GEZI:3.69*10-4分-1 インスリンゼロ時におけるグルコース有効性
p2:0.01分-1 インスリン作用の時定数
SI:3.23*10-4ml/μU/分 インスリン感受性
p4:0.606mg/dl/分 内因的なグルコース産生量
τ1:45.26分 遠隔コンパートメントに由来するインスリンの時定数
τ2:45.35分 血漿空間に由来するインスリンの時定数
VG:209.46dl グルコースの分布容積
τm:15、60、および200分間 第1および第2コンパートメントに由来する食事の時定数で、ここでは、各具体的な値が食事出現速度曲線のピーク時に等しい
CH:50000mg 炭水化物摂取量
ISB:3U 食事に対する単回ボーラスとして投与されたインスリン
TD:2または4時間 拡張ボーラスの持続時間
を用いた。
NP: 予測範囲における試料数
NC: 制御範囲における試料数
GD: 将来の所望のグルコース濃度
ρ: インスリン送達速度を変化させる際のペナルティとの対比で、所望のグルコースプロファイルを達成する相対的重要度を判定する重み]
を示す。
12 制御器
14 インスリン送達システム
16 センサーシグナル
18 血中グルコースレベル
20 身体
22 コマンド
24 インスリン
26 センサー
27 センサーのコネクター端部
28 センサーセット
29 センサーケーブルの第1端
30 遠隔測定式特性モニター送信機
31 モニター筐体
32 センサーケーブル
33 プリント回路基板
34 注入器
35 バッテリー
36 注入チューブ
37 センサーケーブルの第2端
38 注入セット
39 電子部品
40 感知端部
41 補完機器
42 電極
44 皮下組織
46 使用者の皮膚
48 プランジャー
50 注入器用容器
51 注入チューブの第1端
52 注入器筐体
53 注入チューブの第2端
54 コネクターチップ
56 カニューレ
58 挿入針
59 尖った先端
60 オープンスロット
66 オペアンプ
101 50gの炭水化物含量
103 急速型食事に対する曲線
105 中間型食事に対する曲線
107 緩徐型食事に対する曲線
109 基礎パターンに対する血漿インスリン曲線
111 単回ボーラスパターンに対する血漿インスリン曲線
113 2時間の拡張ボーラスパターンに対する血漿インスリン曲線
115 4時間の拡張ボーラスパターンに対する血漿インスリン曲線
117 急速型食事の場合の基礎送達に対するグルコースプロファイル
119 急速型食事の場合の単回ボーラス送達に対するグルコースプロファイル
121 急速型食事の場合の2時間の拡張送達に対するグルコースプロファイル
201 炭水化物履歴情報
203 インスリン送達履歴情報
205 予測グルコース濃度プロファイル、予測グルコースプロファイル
207 センサーのグルコースプロファイル
209 グルコース測定器による測定値
209a 測定器のリーディング
301 推定インスリン送達プロファイル
303 予測グルコース濃度プロファイル、予測グルコースプロファイル
305 所望のグルコース曲線、所望のグルコースプロファイル
Claims (32)
- 使用者の体内へのインスリンの送達を最適化して予定される食事に対処する方法であって、
(a)食事の炭水化物カウントおよび食事型の指標を得るステップと、
(b)食事に対処するインスリンのボーラス量を計算するステップと、
(c)炭水化物カウントに基づく食後グルコースプロファイル、食事型の指標、および計算によるボーラス量を生成するステップと、
(d)生成された食後グルコースプロファイルが許容されるかどうかを判定するステップと
を含む方法。 - 許容されるグルコースプロファイルに基づき、使用者の体内にボーラスを注入するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ステップ(c)が、複数のボーラス送達パターンの各々に対して食後グルコースプロファイルを生成するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ボーラス送達パターンにより、食事の時点でボーラスの一部が送達され、残りのボーラスが拡張時間において一様に投与される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 判定するステップが、生成されたグルコースプロファイルをあらかじめ定められたグルコースプロファイルと比較するステップと、偏差の許容範囲内において、あらかじめ定められたグルコースプロファイルに最も近似する、生成されたグルコースプロファイルの1つを選択するステップとを含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- あらかじめ定められたグルコースプロファイルが、米国糖尿病学会(ADA)のガイドラインにより定められる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- すべての生成されたグルコースプロファイルが偏差の許容範囲外に外れる場合に、インスリンのボーラス量、拡張時間の長さ、またはその両方を変化させながら、ステップ(a)〜(d)を繰り返し反復するステップをさらに含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 生成されたグルコースプロファイルを使用者に表示するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- グルコースプロファイルが注入ポンプ上に表示される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 食事型の指標が、食事の出現速度のピークに対応する時間量である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- グルコースセンサーと、制御器と、インスリン送達ポンプとを有する糖尿病管理システムの作動をモニターする方法であって、
(a)使用者が摂取する食事に関する食事履歴情報を保持するステップであって、前記食事情報が各前記食事に対する炭水化物カウントおよび食事型の指標を含むステップと、
(b)インスリン送達の各場合に対するインスリン量および送達パターンを含む、インスリン送達履歴情報を保存するステップと、
(c)食事およびインスリン送達の履歴情報に基づき、制御器による予測グルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、
(d)グルコースセンサーから得られる定期的な測定値に基づき、センサーのグルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、
(e)所与の時点に対して、実際のグルコース濃度値と、予測グルコース濃度値との間の差が、あらかじめ定められた誤差値よりも大きいかどうかを判定するステップと
を含む方法。 - センサーのグルコース濃度値と、予測グルコース濃度値との間の差が、あらかじめ定められた誤差値よりも大きい場合に、使用者に警告を与えるステップをさらに含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 警告が、アラーム、視覚的なシグナル、振動による表示、およびこれらの組合せからなる群から選択されるメンバーである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 使用者に、予測グルコース濃度プロファイル、およびセンサーのグルコース濃度プロファイルを表示するステップをさらに含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- プロファイルがインスリン送達ポンプ上に表示される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 各食事について、食事型の指標が、食事の出現速度のピークに対応する時間量である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- ステップ(e)の判定が定期的に反復され、複数回の逐次的な判定に対して、センサーのグルコース濃度値と、予測グルコース濃度値との間の差が、あらかじめ定められた誤差値よりも大きい場合に、使用者に警告を与えるステップをさらに含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記送達パターンが、単回ボーラスパターンまたは拡張ボーラスパターンである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- グルコースセンサーから得られる定期的な測定値が、制御器に直接送信される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 糖尿病管理システムが、クローズドループ型システムである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 所望の血中グルコース濃度を達成するように、使用者の体内へのインスリン送達を最適化する方法であって、
(a)使用者の現在の血中グルコース濃度を測定するステップと、
(b)現在の血中グルコース濃度に基づき、あらかじめ定められた所望のグルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、
(c)インスリン送達プロファイルを生成して、あらかじめ定められた時間にわたり前記所望の濃度を達成するステップと、
(d)現在のグルコース濃度および生成されたインスリン送達プロファイルを入力として用いるモデル予測制御器により、前記時間にわたる予測グルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、
(e)生成されたグルコース濃度プロファイルと、あらかじめ定められたグルコース濃度プロファイルとの間の差を計算するステップと、
(f)ステップ(a)〜(e)を繰り返し反復し、ステップ(e)において計算される差を最小とする送達プロファイルとして最適のインスリン送達プロファイルを同定するステップと、
(g)時間段階を定めるあらかじめ設定された時間にわたる、最適のインスリン送達プロファイルに従って、使用者にインスリンを送達するステップと、
(h)あらかじめ定められた持続時間にわたり、時間段階ごとに、ステップ(a)〜(g)を反復するステップと
を含む方法。 - あらかじめ定められたグルコース濃度プロファイルが、米国糖尿病学会(ADA)のガイドラインにより定められる、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記あらかじめ定められた時間の長さが少なくとも1時間であり、各前記時間段階の長さが最大で5分間である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 制御器が、クローズドループ中でインスリン送達システムと接続され、各時間段階において、最適のインスリン送達プロファイルに従って、使用者の体内にインスリンを注入するようインスリン送達システムに命令するコマンドを発する、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 容器から使用者の体内へとインスリンを注入する注入ポンプであって、
筐体と、
筐体内に収納され、容器に作動的に接続され、容器から流体経路を介して使用者の体内へとインスリンを送達する駆動機構と、
筐体内に収納され、食事に対する炭水化物カウントおよび食事型の指標を得るステップと、該食事に対処するインスリン量を計算するステップと、炭水化物カウント、食事型の指標、および計算によるインスリン量に基づき食後グルコースプロファイルを生成するステップと、生成された食後グルコースプロファイルが許容されるかどうかを判定するステップとにより、使用者の体内へのインスリン送達を最適化し、予定される食事に対処するように構成された制御器と
を含む注入ポンプ。 - 食後グルコースプロファイルを生成するステップが、複数のインスリン送達パターンの各々に対して食後グルコースプロファイルを生成するステップを含み、制御器が、生成されたグルコースプロファイルをあらかじめ定められたグルコースプロファイルと比較するステップと、偏差の許容範囲内において、あらかじめ定められたグルコースプロファイルに最も近似する、生成されたグルコースプロファイルの1つを選択するステップとにより、生成されたグルコースプロファイルの許容可能性を判定するようにさらに構成された、請求項25に記載の注入ポンプ。
- 制御器が、選択されたグルコースプロファイルに対応する送達パターンに従って、使用者の体内にインスリン量を注入するよう駆動機構に命令するコマンドを発するようにさらに構成された、請求項26に記載の注入ポンプ。
- 容器から使用者の体内へとインスリンを注入する注入ポンプであって、制御器およびグルコースセンサーとともに作動し、
筐体と、
筐体内に収納され、容器に作動的に接続され、容器から流体経路を介して使用者の体内へとインスリンを送達する駆動機構と、
筐体内に収納され、使用者が摂取する食事に関する食事履歴情報を保存するステップであって、前記食事情報が各前記食事に対する炭水化物カウントと、食事型の指標とを含むステップと、インスリン送達の各場合に対するインスリン量および送達パターンを含む、インスリン送達履歴情報を保存するステップと、食事およびインスリン送達の履歴情報に基づき、予測グルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、グルコースセンサーから得られる定期的な測定値に基づき、センサーのグルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、所与の時点に対して、実際のグルコース濃度値と、予測グルコース濃度値との間の差が、あらかじめ定められた誤差値よりも大きいかどうかを判定するステップとにより、前記注入ポンプおよびグルコースセンサーの作動をモニターするように構成された制御器と
を含む注入ポンプ。 - センサーのグルコース濃度値と、予測グルコース濃度値との間の差が、あらかじめ定められた誤差値よりも大きい場合に、制御器が使用者に警告を与えるようにさらに構成された、請求項28に記載の注入ポンプ。
- 複数回の逐次的な判定に対して、制御器が、判定するステップを定期的に反復し、センサーのグルコース濃度値と、予測グルコース濃度値との間の差が、あらかじめ定められた誤差値よりも大きい場合に、使用者に警告を与えるようにさらに構成された、請求項28に記載の注入ポンプ。
- 容器から使用者の体内へとインスリンを注入する注入ポンプであって、
筐体と、
筐体内に収納され、容器に作動的に接続され、容器から流体経路を介して使用者の体内へとインスリンを送達する駆動機構と、
筐体内に収納され、使用者の現在の血中グルコース濃度を測定するステップと、現在の血中グルコース濃度に基づき、あらかじめ定められた所望のグルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、インスリン送達プロファイルを生成して、あらかじめ定められた時間にわたり前記所望の濃度を達成するステップと、現在のグルコース濃度および生成されたインスリン送達プロファイルに基づき、前記時間にわたる予測グルコース濃度プロファイルを生成するステップと、生成されたグルコース濃度プロファイルと、あらかじめ定められたグルコース濃度プロファイルとの間の差を計算するステップと、前記差を最小とするプロファイルとして最適のインスリン送達プロファイルを繰り返し同定するステップと、時間段階を定めるあらかじめ設定された時間にわたる最適のインスリン送達プロファイルに従って、使用者にインスリンを送達するよう駆動機構にコマンドを発するステップとにより、所望の血中グルコース濃度を達成するように、使用者の体内へのインスリン送達を最適化するように構成されたモデル予測制御器と
を含む注入ポンプ。 - 制御器が、あらかじめ定められた持続時間にわたり、各時間段階における使用者の体内へのインスリン送達を再最適化するようにさらに構成された、請求項31に記載の注入ポンプ。
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CA2919921A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
EP2114239A1 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
US20190053742A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
US11918349B2 (en) | 2024-03-05 |
EP2425773A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
WO2008094249A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
US20110282321A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
EP2425772A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
CA2672589A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
US20210038134A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
JP2014204998A (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
DK2114239T3 (da) | 2014-07-07 |
EP2114239B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
JP5538904B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
US20080183060A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
US10856786B2 (en) | 2020-12-08 |
US20110282320A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
US10154804B2 (en) | 2018-12-18 |
CA2672589C (en) | 2016-04-12 |
EP2425774A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
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