JP2010500331A - ポリミキシン誘導体およびその使用 - Google Patents
ポリミキシン誘導体およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010500331A JP2010500331A JP2009523312A JP2009523312A JP2010500331A JP 2010500331 A JP2010500331 A JP 2010500331A JP 2009523312 A JP2009523312 A JP 2009523312A JP 2009523312 A JP2009523312 A JP 2009523312A JP 2010500331 A JP2010500331 A JP 2010500331A
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- polymyxin
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
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- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- HEDADCOWECPKFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octapeptin Chemical compound CCC(C)CCCCC(O)CC(=O)NC(CCN)C(=O)NC1CCNC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCN)NC(=O)C(CCN)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCN)NC1=O HEDADCOWECPKFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 112
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- ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N Erythromycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@](C)(O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)O)[C@H]1C)(C)O)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
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Classifications
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- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/50—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link
- C07K7/54—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring
- C07K7/60—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring the cyclisation occurring through the 4-amino group of 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid
- C07K7/62—Polymyxins; Related peptides
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Abstract
Description
[参考文献]
本明細書において引用するすべての参考文献をここで、全体を参照することにより組み込む。
ここで用いる「生物学的pH」は、7.1〜7.5の範囲、例えば7.2〜7.4の範囲のpH値のような7.0より大きく7.6以下のpH値を表す。
化合物中の遊離した未置換の陽イオン性電荷数が少なくとも2個で3個を超えない)によって表わし得るポリミキシン誘導体又はその薬物学的に許容し得る塩に関するものである。
(a)大腸菌、肺炎桿菌、クレブシエラオキシトーカ、シトロバクターフレウンディ、緑膿菌
もしくはアシネトバクターバウマンニの増殖を阻害する、および/またはそれらすべてを抗生物質に感作させることができ、および/または、
(b)生体内動物モデルにおいて確証されるように、臨床的に用いたポリミキシンより毒性が低く、および/または、
(c)動物モデルおよび/または腎臓の構造に対する化合物の親和性を測定する生体内試験において確証されるように、臨床的に用いたポリミキシンよりも腎毒性が低く、および/または、
(d)局所的に投与するか、もしくはエアロゾルとして吸入するとき、組織からのヒスタミン遊離を臨床的に用いたポリミキシンより少なく生起することができ、および/または、
(e)臨床的に用いたポリミキシンよりも長い血清の半減期を有する、および/もしくはポリアニオン組織および膿成分による不活性化が低いなどのように薬物動態学的により好ましい。
A)β−ヒドロキシ−アミン結合をもたらす化合物の遊離アミノ基と反応性エポキシド基を有する共役部分との反応
B)スルホンアミド結合をもたらす化合物の遊離アミノ基と反応性ハロゲン化スルホニルを有する共役部分との反応
C)アミン結合をもたらす化合物の遊離アミノ基と反応性カルボキシル酸を有する共有部分との反応
D)アミン結合をもたらす化合物の遊離アミノ基と反応性アルデヒド基を有する共役部分との反応(還元性条件下)
E)アミン結合をもたらす化合物の遊離アミノ基と反応性ケトン基を有する共役部分との反応(還元性条件下)
F)尿素結合をもたらす化合物の遊離アミノ基と反応性イソシアネート基を有する共役部分との反応
ポリミキシン誘導体(「NABペプチド」または「NAB化合物」)は、標準的なFmoc保護戦略を用いた従来の固相化学によって合成した。C末端のアミノ酸は、固相に予備付着したものとして市販され、また樹脂を酸で開裂する際にC末端カルボキシル酸を得る。
すべて少なくとも2個で3個以下の正電荷を帯びている実施例1で合成したペプチドを、大腸菌の増殖を阻害する能力について研究した。これは、LB寒天(LB Agar Lennox, Difco, BD, Sparks, MD1 U.S.A)プレートを用いて試験した。指示有機体の大腸菌IH3080(K1:O18)は、髄膜炎を患った新生児から最初に単離した被包性の菌株で、フィンランドのヘルシンキにおける国立公衆衛生研究所から得た。
**アミノアシル残基の一文字コード A:Ala,F:Phe,K:Lys,L:Leu,S:Ser,T:Thr,X:Dab,Z:Abu,B:N−g−ホルミル−Dab,J:N−g−アセチル−Dab 下線部の文字はD−構造における残基を示す。 ボールド文字は正電荷を有する残基を示す。 ボールド+はペプチドのN末端におけるa−アミノ基の正電荷を示す。 略記 cy:シクロ
***列挙した配列において、X,Z,B,JおよびD−構造におけるアミノ酸をXaaで表わし、修飾残基として規定する(MOD RES)。
12個のNAB化合物のアシネトバクターバウマンニATCC19606および緑膿菌ATCC27853に対する直接抗菌活性を、実施例2に開示した感受性画定方法を用いることで試験した。結果を表3に示す。5個の化合物(NAB7062,NAB734,NAB737,NAB739およびNAB740)は、アシネトバクターバウマンニに対して著しい活性を有する。実施例2において、同一化合物が大腸菌に対して非常に効力があることを示した。NAB739およびNAB740の抗菌活性は、ポリミキシンBの抗菌活性と同じ程度または強かった。
11個のグラム陰性菌の菌株(9個の異なる細菌種)のNAB734およびポリミキシンBに対する感受性を、実施例2に開示した感受性画定方法を用いることで比較した。かかる菌株には、セラチアマルセッセンス(Serratia marcescens)およびミラビリス変形菌(Proteus mirabilis)の種に属するもので、これらは共にポリミキシンに耐性があると一般に知られている。さらに、ポリミキシン耐性として一般に既知のグラム陽性菌である黄色ブドウ球菌を用いることによって感受性画定を行った。10個の菌株は、ATCC(アメリカンタイプカルチャーコレクション,VA,USA)に由来し、1個の菌株は、CCUG(スウェーデンのゴッテンブルグ大学の菌株保存機関)に由来する。大腸菌IH3080源は、実施例2において開示した。ポリミキシンB硫酸塩は、シグマアルドリッチ(セントルイス,MO,USA)からのものである。
本発明に係るすべて少なくとも2個で3個以下の正電荷を有する新規なNABペプチド類を、大腸菌IH3080をリファンピンに対して感作させる能力に関しても研究した。これは、実施例2に開示した感受性画定と平行して、高濃度(0.1μg/ml,0.3μg/ml,1μg/ml)のリファンピン(シグマアルドリッチ、セントルイス、MO,USA)を含むLBプレートを用いることによって試験した。
**括弧内の値は、10μgの化合物を含有するウェルを用いて得た
本発明に関連するNABペプチド類をまた、アシネトバクターバウマンニおよび緑膿筋をリファンピンに対して感作させる能力に関して研究した。これは、実施例3に開示した感受性画定と平行して、高濃度(0.1μg/ml,1μg/ml)のリファンピンを含むLBプレートを用いることで試験した。
臨床用途の抗菌剤の代表的なセットの最低阻害濃度(MIC)を、2個の菌株の大腸菌(ATCC25922およびIH3080)、肺炎桿菌ATCC13883およびエンテロバクタークロアカATCC23355に関して、NAB7061(4μg/ml)の存在下および非存在下でミューラーヒントン寒天培地(製品番号LabO39;LabM Ltd.,Bury,Lancs,U.K.)を用いることで画定した。MICは、メーカーの使用説明書に従ってE−ストリップ(Biodisk Ltd.,Solna,Sweden)を用いることで画定した。使用したNAB7061濃度は、それ自体ターゲット細菌の増殖を阻害するものでない。大腸菌IH3080および肺炎桿菌ATCC13883に対するNAB7061のMICは、>16μg/mlであり、大腸菌ATCC25922に対して16μg/ml、またエンテロバクタークロアカATCC23355に対して8μg/mlである。
臨床的に関連するグラム陰性菌の異なる菌株の代表セットに対するリファンピンおよびクラリスロマイシンの最低阻害濃度(MIC)を、実施例7と同様のEテスト法によりNAB7061(4μg/ml)の存在下または非存在下でミューラーヒントン寒天培地を用いて画定した。NAB7061の濃度は、それ自体ターゲット細菌の増殖を阻害しない。菌株は、ATCC(11菌株)、CCUG(11菌株)およびNCTC(英国のコリンデールにおける国際タイプカルチャーコレクション、2菌株)から得た。8菌株(F菌株)は、フィンランドのヘルシンキにおけるMobidiag社から購入した。大腸菌IH3080の源は実施例2において与えた。感作因子は、実施例7と同様に定義した。
**感作因子は、NAB7061非存在下におけるリファンピンのMICの、4μg/mlのNAB7061存在下におけるものに対する比である
***感作因子は、NAB7061非存在下におけるクラリスロマイシンのMICの、4μg/mlのNAB7061存在下におけるものに対する比である
****5個(リファンピン)および2個(クラリスロマイシン)の独立した画定による結果
*****3個の独立した画定による結果(リファンピン)
アシネトバクターバウマンニの3菌株に対する2個のカルバペネム、イミペネムおよびメロペネムの最低阻害濃度(MIC)を、実施例7と同様のEテスト法によりNAB7061(4μg/ml)存在下または非存在下でミューラーヒントン寒天培地を用いて画定した。NAB7061の濃度は、それ自体ターゲット細菌の増殖を阻害しない。感受因子を実施例7と同様に定義した。結果を表9に示す。NAB7061は、両方のカルバペネムに対して両カルバペネム耐性菌株(F263,F264)を4以上の因子だけ感作させた。
[実施例10]大腸菌を新鮮な通常血清中の補体に対して感作させるNAB7061
大腸菌の被嚢性の平坦な菌株を通常のモルモット血清(GPS)の殺菌作用に対して感作させるNAB7061の能力を、Vaaraら(1984)によって開示された方法で研究した。大腸菌IH3080(018,K1)を、回転式振盪培養機中の37℃のLB培養液(LBブロスレノックス、ディフコ(Difco)、BD、スパークス(Sparks)、MD、USA)中で早期の対数増殖相に増殖し、PBS(リン酸緩衝食塩水、1リットル当たり8.0gNaCl,0.2gKCl,1.44gNa2HPO4・2H2O,0.2gK2HPO4)で洗浄し、約109細胞/mlまでPBSに再懸濁した。GPSを補体源として用いた。これは、使用前−70℃で保管した。補体を不活性化するため、血清を56℃で30分間培養した。
本発明に係る化合物の腎皮質から分離した刷子緑膜(BBM)への結合を、BBMへの放射性標識ゲンタマイシンの結合を阻害する能力を求めることで間接的に測定することができる。したがって、例えばポリミキシンBよりBBMに対する親和性が低い本発明に係る化合物は、放射性標識ゲンタマイシンへの結合をポリミキシンBよりも阻害することが少ない。
生理食塩水(0.9%NaCl)中の大腸菌IH3080(K1:O18)の懸濁液を、血液寒天培地(Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark)上で一晩培養して調製した。すべてのネズミ(Harlan Scandinavia, Allerod, DenmarkからのメスNMR1;体重25〜30g)の下外側4分の1の腹部において、1ml当たり0.96×106CFUを含有する0.5ml懸濁液を腹腔内培養した。1時間後、CFU数を3匹のマウスから画定し、残りのマウス(1グループ当たり4匹)に、エリスロマイシンの生理食塩水溶液(体重kg当たり5mgに相当)もしくはNAB7061の生理食塩水溶液(体重kg当たり5mgに相当)またはエリスロマイシンとNAB7061の両方(両薬剤の体重kg当たり5mgに相当;2個の離れた場所に付与)の0.2mlを皮下注射した。対照群には、生理食塩水の0.2mlを2回注射した。4.5時間の後感染後、すべてのマウスをCO2で麻酔させ犠牲にした。無菌食塩水(2ml)を腹腔内に注射し、腹部を開き液体をサンプリングする前に腹部を優しくマッサージした。該液体の適当に希釈液を血液寒天培地上に置き、この培地を一晩培養し、コロニーを数えた。
若令ラット(研究開始時の体重約150g)における毒性を、NAB7061並びに対照化合物ポリミキシンBの投薬量(1日当たり1,2,4,8,16および32mg/kg)を2週間1日2回静脈注射することによって画定した。10匹のラットを一グループとして、各投与処方に対して研究した。臨床的観察を毎日行い、体重を週2回測定し、食料消費を週2回測定した。2週間後、すべての動物を殺生した。
Claims (37)
- 前記正電荷を遊離の未置換アミノ基および他の陽イオン性基からなる群から選択する請求項1に記載の誘導体。
- 前記R1〜R10を配列番号9〜26からなる群から選択する請求項1または2に記載の誘導体。
- 前記R(FA)をOA,DAおよびMHAからなる群から選択する請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体。
- 前記正電荷の数を3個とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体。
- 前記R1〜R10を配列番号9〜20からなる群から選択する請求項5に記載の誘導体。
- OA配列番号10、DA配列番号10、OA配列番号11、OA配列番号12、DA配列番号13、OA配列番号13、MHA配列番号13、MHA配列番号14、OA配列番号15、OA配列番号16、OA配列番号17、OA配列番号18、OA配列番号19、OA配列番号20、およびDA配列番号9からなる群から選択した請求項6に記載の誘導体。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体の2個またはそれ以上を有する組合せ製品。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも1個の誘導体と、少なくとも1個の製薬学的に許容の担体および/または賦形剤とを備える医薬組成物。
- さらに抗菌剤を備える請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- グラム陰性菌により生起された感染症を治療、緩和または改善するに当たり、
請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体または請求項8に記載の組合せの治療に効果的な量を投与することを備える方法。 - 前記細菌を大腸菌、肺炎桿菌、クレブシエラオキシトーカ、エンテロバクタークロアカ、シトロバクターフロインディ、緑膿菌およびアシネトバクターバウマンニからなる群から選択する請求項11に記載の方法。
- グラム陰性菌を抗菌剤に対して感作させるに当たり
前記抗菌剤および請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体もしくは請求項8に記載の組合せの治療に効果的な量を同時またはいずれの順番で順に投与することを備える方法。 - 前記抗菌剤をクラリスロマイシン、アジスロマイシン、エリスロマイシンおよび他のマクロライド類、ケトライド、クリンダマイシンおよび他のリンコサミン類、ストレプトグラミン、リファンピン、リファブチン、リファラジルおよび他のリファマイシン類、フシジン酸、ムピロシン、オキサゾリジノン類、バンコマイシン、ダルババンシン、テラバンシン、オリタバンシンおよび他のグリコペプチド系抗生物質、フルオロキノロン、バシトラシン、テトラサイクリン誘導体、ベータラクタム系抗生物質、ノボビオシン、プレウロムチン、葉酸合成阻害剤、デホルミラーゼ阻害剤および細菌排出ポンプ阻害剤からなる群から選択する請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記抗菌剤をクラリスロマイシン、アジスロマイシン、エリスロマイシン、クリンダマイシン、ストレプトグラミン併用キヌプリスチンダルフォプリスチン、リファンピン、フシジン酸、ムピロシン、オキサゾリジノンリネゾリド、バンコマイシン、フルオロキノロンモキシフロキサシンおよび葉酸合成阻害トリメトプリムからなる群から選択する請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記細菌を大腸菌、肺炎桿菌、クレブシエラオキシトーカ、エンテロバクタークロアカ、シトロバクターフロインディ、緑膿菌およびアシネトバクターバウマンニからなる群から選択する請求項13に記載の方法。
- 新規な抗生物質を製造するに当たり、
a)全部で4〜6個の正電荷を有する天然ポリミキシンもしくはオクタペプチン化合物またはその誘導体を用意し、
b)1個もしくはそれ以上の正電荷を有する1〜4個の残基を正電荷のない残基または共有結合で置換して、2個または3個の正電荷を有するポリミキシン化合物の誘導体を生成し、
c)前記誘導体化合物を、グラム陰性菌に対する抗菌活性、またはグラム陰性菌を抗生物質に対して感作させる能力に関して検定し、
d)グラム陰性菌に対する抗菌活性、またはグラム陰性菌を抗菌剤に対して感作させる能力を有する化合物を選択する
工程を備えることを特徴とする新規な抗生物質の製造方法。 - 個体における感染症の治療に適用中に天然ポリミキシン、オクタペプチンおよびその誘導体の毒性を低減するに当たり、
a)全部で4〜6個の正電荷を有する天然ポリミキシンもしくはオクタペプチン化合物またはその誘導体を用意し、
b)1個もしくはそれ以上の正電荷を有する1〜4個の残基を正電荷のない残基または共有結合で置換して、2個または3個の正電荷を有するポリミキシン化合物の誘導体を生成し、
c)前記誘導体を前記個体に投与する
工程を備えることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記毒性が腎毒性である請求項18に記載の方法。
- 天然ポリミキシン、オクタペプチンおよびそれら誘導体の薬物速度論的特性を改良するに当たり、
a)全部で4〜6個の正電荷を有する天然ポリミキシンもしくはオクタペプチン化合物またはその誘導体を用意し、
b)1個もしくはそれ以上の正電荷を有する1〜4個の残基を正電荷のない残基または共有結合で置換して、2個または3個の正電荷を有するポリミキシン化合物の誘導体を生成する工程を備え、
前記改良薬物速度論的特性が、出発化合物と比較して、延長した血清半減期またはポリアニオン系組織および膿成分による不活性化に対するより低い感受性からなることを特徴とする方法。 - 臨床的に重要なグラム陰性菌を血清中に存在する宿主防衛機構補体に対して感作させる方法で、前記細菌に臨床感染の間請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体の作用を施すことを特徴とする方法。
- 前記細菌を大腸菌、肺炎桿菌、クレブシエラオキシトーカ、エンテロバクタークロアカ、シトロバクターフロインディ、緑膿菌およびアシネトバクターバウマンニからなる群から選択する請求項21に記載の方法。
- グラム陰性菌によって生起された感染症を治療する薬剤の製造に請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体の使用。
- 前記細菌を大腸菌、肺炎桿菌、クレブシエラオキシトーカ、エンテロバクタークロアカ、シトロバクターフロインディ、緑膿菌およびアシネトバクターバウマンニからなる群から選択する請求項23に記載の使用。
- グラム陰性菌を抗菌剤に対して感作させるための薬剤の製造に請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体の使用。
- 前記細菌を大腸菌、肺炎桿菌、クレブシエラオキシトーカ、エンテロバクタークロアカ、シトロバクターフロインディ、緑膿菌およびアシネトバクターバウマンニからなる群から選択する請求項25に記載の使用。
- 前記抗菌剤をクラリスロマイシン、アジスロマイシン、エリスロマイシンおよび他のマクロライド、ケトライド、クリンダマイシンおよび他のリンコマイシン、ストレプトグラミン、リファンピン、フシジン酸、ムピロシン、オキサゾリジノン、バンコマイシン、ダルババンシン、テラバンシン、オリタバンシンおよび他のグリコペプチド系抗生物質、フルオロキノロン、バシトラシン、テトラサイクリン誘導体、ベータラクタム系抗生物質、ノボビオシン、プレウロムチン、葉酸合成阻害剤、デホルミラーゼ阻害剤および細菌排出ポンプ阻害剤からなる群から選択する請求項25に記載の使用。
- 前記抗菌剤をクラリスロマイシン、アジスロマイシン、エリスロマイシン、クリンダマイシン、ストレプトグラミン併用キヌプリスチンダルフォプリスチン、リファンピン、フシジン酸、ムピロシン、オキサゾリジノンリネゾリド、バンコマイシン、フルオロキノロンモキシフロキサシンおよび葉酸合成阻害トリメトプリムからなる群から選択する請求項27に記載の使用。
- グラム陰性菌を血清中に存在する宿主防衛機構補体に対して感作させるための薬剤の製造に請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導体の使用。
- 前記細菌を大腸菌、肺炎桿菌、クレブシエラオキシトーカ、エンテロバクタークロアカ、シトロバクターフロインディ、緑膿菌、およびアシネトバクターバウマンニからなる群から選択する請求項29に記載の使用。
- 請求項1で定義した式(I)のポリミキシン誘導体を製造するに当たり、
4〜6個の正電荷を帯びた残基を有する天然もしくは合成ポリミキシンもしくはオクタペプチンまたはその誘導体の前記残基の1〜4個を中性の残基もしくは共有結合で置換するか、または前記残基の1〜4個を中性の残基に変換することにより、2個または3個の正電荷を帯びた残基を有する請求項1に記載の式(I)のポリミキシン誘導体を得られるように修飾することを備えるポリミキシン誘導体の製造プロセス。 - 全合成プロセスとして実行する請求項31に記載のプロセス。
- 準合成プロセスとして実行する請求項31に記載のプロセス。
- a)天然もしくは合成ポリミキシンもしくはオクタペプチン化合物またはその誘導体に開裂を施して前記ポリミキシン化合物の側鎖を除去し、該化合物の環状部を回収し、
b)前記工程a)で得た環状部に合成によって作成した側鎖を結合させて、請求項1に記載の式(I)のポリミキシン誘導体を得る
工程を備える請求項33に記載のプロセス。 - 前記工程a)における開裂を酵素的に実行する請求項34に記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程a)における開裂を化学的に実行する請求項34に記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程a)における開裂を化学的および酵素的処理の両方を併用して実行する請求項34に記載のプロセス。
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JP2016527186A (ja) * | 2013-05-22 | 2016-09-08 | ニュー・ファーマ・ライセンス・ホールディングス・リミテッド | 異なった抗生物質と一緒の組合せ療法におけるポリミキシン誘導体及びその使用 |
JP2017510570A (ja) * | 2014-03-11 | 2017-04-13 | ニュー・ファーマ・ライセンス・ホールディングス・リミテッド | 異なった抗生物質と一緒の組合せ療法におけるポリミキシン誘導体及びその使用 |
JP2020033385A (ja) * | 2014-12-18 | 2020-03-05 | ヘルパービー セラピューティクス リミテッドHelperby Therapeutics Limited | 微生物感染の治療薬 |
JP2018505868A (ja) * | 2015-01-15 | 2018-03-01 | ノーザン アンチバイオティクス オイ | ポリミキシン誘導体およびその使用 |
JP2021501783A (ja) * | 2017-11-02 | 2021-01-21 | ザ ユニバーシティー オブ クイーンズランド | ペプチド抗生物質 |
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