JP2009022218A - Method for culturing new fruit body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for culturing a new fruit body having a ≥2.0 ratio of pileus diameter/fungus stalk length. <P>SOLUTION: The method for culturing a new fruit body comprises the following process: crossing spores of Pleurotus eryngii with spores of Pleurotus nebrodensis followed by inoculating spawns of strain obtained by selectively culturing the crossed fungi, scratching the surface of a mushroom bed where the culturing is finished, standing a culturing container upside down, irradiating the container with 100-800 Lx light only during daytime at 1,600-3,000 ppm of carbon dioxide concentration at 14-16°C of environmental temperature, controlling sprouting while successively alternating low-humidity environment and high-humidity environment at prescribed intervals within the humidity range of the environmental humidity of 60-98 wt.%, confirming budding followed by getting back the container in its erecting state, changing the irradiation condition to be continuous or intermittent at illumination intensity of ≥1,000 Lx to maintain growth on condition at 10-25°C environmental temperature, ≤1,500 ppm carbon dioxide concentration, 75-95 wt.% environmental humidity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating new fruit bodies, and more particularly, to a method for cultivating new fruit bodies belonging to the genus Pleurotus.

Patent Applicant is a method for producing a novel strain characterized by culturing and selecting a hybrid strain after mating a spore of eringi and a spore of white mausoleum, a strain of the genus Pleoroutus produced by this method KX-EN2001 strain (FERM P-20576), a novel fruiting cultivation method using the above-mentioned novel strain was proposed (Patent Document 1).
JP 2007-53928 A

  According to the above invention, by using a novel strain produced by crossing eringi (Pleurotus eryngii) and white leopard (Pleurotus nebrodensis), a novel artificial cultivation method similar to eringi (Pleurotus eryngii) is used. Since the strain can be cultivated, a new fruiting body belonging to the genus Pleurotus can be easily cultivated without requiring a multi-stage temperature change management process such as white leopard (Pleurotus nebrodensis).

  The new fruiting body is cultivated by scraping the surface of the cultivated bed after culturing management, in an inverted state at an environmental temperature of 15 to 16 ° C., a carbon dioxide concentration of 800 to 2,000 ppm, and only in the daytime Irradiate light of about 400Lx, perform sprout management while repeating the low humidity environment and high humidity environment at regular intervals in the humidity range of 70 to 98%, and return the container to an upright state after confirming sprouting, In this method, the environmental temperature is changed to 16 to 18 ° C. and the environmental humidity is changed to 80 to 90%, and the growth management is performed under the same illuminance environment as the germination management. And by such a method, the novel fruiting body which has a morphological characteristic of fungus handle diameter 8-10cm and fungus handle length 6-8cm (fungus umbrella diameter / fungus handle length ratio 1.0-1.7) is obtained.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating a new fruiting body using a strain belonging to the genus Pleurotus proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-53928 and having a fungus umbrella diameter / bacterial handle length ratio of 2.0 or more. There is.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have obtained the knowledge that the above object can be easily achieved by changing the conditions of the above cultivation method, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the first gist of the present invention is a method for cultivating a new fruiting body, which is obtained by mating spore of eringi and spore of white mausoleum, and then culturing and selecting the mating bacteria. In culturing using the strain, the surface of the cultivated bed after culturing was scraped off, and in an inverted state, the ambient temperature was 14 to 16 ° C., the carbon dioxide concentration was 1,600 to 3,000 ppm. Irradiate 100-800Lx light only in the daytime, and manage the sprouting while repeating the low humidity environment and high humidity environment at regular intervals in the humidity range of 60-98%. Is changed to a continuous or intermittent irradiation condition with an illuminance of 1,000 Lx or more, and an environmental temperature of 10 to 25 ° C., a carbon dioxide gas concentration of 1,500 ppm or less, and an environmental humidity of 75 to 95%. Growing in It consists in a method of cultivating new child entities and performs management.

  The second gist of the present invention resides in a novel fruiting body belonging to the genus Pleurotus and having a fungus umbrella diameter / fungus pattern length ratio of 2.0 or more.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a novel fruiting body belonging to the genus Pleoroutus and having a fungus umbrella diameter / bacterial handle length ratio of 2.0 or more.

<Method for producing strain>
The strain used in the present invention is selected by crossing spore of eringi and spore of white mackerel, and then cultivating the mating bacterium in a culture medium for cultivating eringi mixed with sawdust and nutrients to adjust the water content. Can be obtained. The method for producing such a strain is basically the same as the method described in the aforementioned publication.

  The parent strain is not particularly limited as long as it is a combination of the eringi “Pleurotus eryngii (DC .: Fr.) Quel.” And the white mausoleum “Pleurotus nebrodensis (Inzenga) Quel.” Used for mating. Usually, mating is performed as follows.

  First, by the dropping method, an eringi fruit body and a white mausoleum umbrella are placed in a petri dish and allowed to stand, and spore is suspended by adding sterile water to the obtained spore pattern. Using a hemocytometer, count the number of spores in the spore suspension, dilute to an appropriate spore concentration, and inoculate on a PDA (potato dextrose agar) plate medium. After culturing at room temperature for 7 to 10 days, the germinated primary mycelium is separated to obtain each primary mycelium strain. Subsequently, both primary mycelia strains are inoculated on a PDA plate medium, cultured at room temperature for 7 to 30 days, and cross-bred. The presence / absence of mating is confirmed by confirming clamp bonding under an optical microscope.

  Selection of mating bacteria is performed using an appropriate culture medium. As a culture medium, any culture medium may be used as long as it is a culture medium capable of cultivating eringi. In general, a wood flour culture medium is used, and preferably a culture medium for cultivating eringi, that is, a culture medium for cultivating eringi in which moisture is adjusted by mixing sawdust and nutrient sources. The sawdust used for adjusting the culture medium is preferably a coniferous saw, but a broadleaf saw can also be used. Moreover, although the coniferous sawdust accumulated for three months or more is suitable, a fresh coniferous sawfly can also be used. Alternative medium base materials such as corn cob pulverized material and cotton hull can be used together with sawdust. In this case, the volume ratio of the sculpture of corncob: corn cob is usually 10: 0 to 0:10, preferably about 8: 2. On the other hand, cereal meal such as rice bran, bran, barley meal and corn meal is preferably used as a nutrient source. The cereal meal is preferably as fresh as possible. The proportion of nutrient source used is usually in the range of 0 to 30% by weight, preferably 12 to 16% by weight (70 to 100 g per 850 cc bottle) based on the total weight of the culture medium. The moisture content of the wood flour culture medium is usually 55 to 75% by weight, preferably 64 to 68% by weight.

  The culture (selection) using the above-mentioned wood flour culture medium can be divided into two or more stages, selecting a mating bacterium having adaptability to the wood powder medium, and further selecting the mating bacteria having adaptability to the wood powder medium. In this case, the composition of the culture medium used in the selection of the first stage and the selection of the second stage can be different, and the composition of the nutrient source can be omitted in the culture medium of the first stage selection. . The selection at the second stage is carried out using a fungus bed produced with the culture medium of the selection at the first stage as an inoculum. And the final selection is to scrape the surface of the cultivated bacterial bed to a depth of about 15 mm, and in an inverted state, the ambient temperature is 15 to 16 ° C., the carbon dioxide concentration is 800 to 2,000 ppm, and the daytime is only about 400 Lx. The sprouting management is performed while repeating the low humidity environment and high humidity environment at regular intervals in the humidity range of 70 to 98%, and after confirming the sprouting, the container is returned to the upright state, and the environmental temperature is adjusted. It is performed by general cultivation management of eringi, in which the growth is managed under an illuminance environment similar to the germination management by changing the environmental humidity to 16 to 18 ° C. and 80 to 90%.

<Strain>
The strain produced by the above method is named KX-EN2001. This KX-EN2001 strain is a strain belonging to the genus Pleurotus, and has been deposited as an Independent Administrative Institution National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology as No. 88 Production No. 88 (FERM P-20576) since June 29, 2005. .

<Cultivation method of new fruit body>
The method for cultivating new fruiting bodies according to the present invention is to inoculate a cultivation container with a culture medium prepared by mixing moisture and nutrient sources, sterilizing the culture medium, and then inoculating the inoculum of the strain obtained in the previous period. This is a method of carrying into a sprouting chamber, sprouting, and then growing a primordium.

  As said culture medium, other culture media, such as a culture medium for general beech shimeji cultivation, can be used in addition to the culture medium for the above-mentioned eringi cultivation. For cultivation management, polypropylene culture bottles (850 cc) are filled with 530-540 g of culture medium with a net weight, and an inoculation hole reaching the bottom with a diameter of about 15 mm is provided at the center of the culture medium and plugged. After sterilization in a sterilization pot, it is aseptically cooled in a clean room, inoculated with a strain belonging to the genus Pleurotus (KX-EN2001), and culture management is started.

  The culture management is 15 to 25 ° C., preferably 20 ° C., 55 to 75% humidity, preferably 65%, and a carbon dioxide concentration of 5,000 ppm or less, preferably 1,000 to 3,000 ppm in an environment of 30 to 60. For a period of 40 days.

  Next, in the present invention, after the cultivation control is performed, the surface of the cultivated bed is scraped, and in an inverted state, the ambient temperature is 14 to 16 ° C., the carbon dioxide concentration is 1,600 to 3,000 ppm (preferably 800 to 2,000 ppm), irradiating light of 100 to 800 Lx (preferably 300 to 400 Lx) only in the daytime, and repeating the low humidity environment and the high humidity environment at a constant interval in the humidity range of 60 to 98%. After sprout management is confirmed and the sprouting is confirmed, the container is returned to an upright state and changed to continuous or intermittent irradiation conditions with an illuminance of 1,000 Lx or more (preferably 1,500 to 2,000 Lx). 10 to 25 ° C (preferably 18 to 20 ° C), carbon dioxide concentration of 1,500 ppm or less (preferably 800 to 1,000 ppm), environmental humidity 75 to 95% (preferably Ku is characterized by performing the growth management under the conditions of 80-90%).

  The morphological characteristics of the novel fruiting body of the present invention are as follows. In other words, the fruiting body is scattered, the size of the fungus is 6-10 cm, round or irregular, round or funnel shape, the umbrella color is light yellowish white or grayish yellow, the surface is smooth and glossy, and the stripe pattern Have The meat is white, thick and dense. The folds are light grayish yellow, the density is dense, and the attachment to the fungus pattern is strong aspens. The fungus pattern is center or eccentric, the thickness is 3 to 5 cm, the length is 3 to 5 cm, the fungus umbrella diameter / fungus pattern length ratio is 2.0 or more (the upper limit is usually 3.5, preferably 3.0, more preferably 2.5), the color is white, the shape is lower thick, the flesh is white, solid and very hard. The spores are oval or spindle-shaped, the surface is smooth, the size is 5-6 × 7-9 μm, and the spores are white.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example, unless the meaning is exceeded.

Example 1:
First, Sugiogako and corn cob meal were mixed at a volume ratio of 8: 2, the components shown in Table 1 were added at the ratio shown in the table, and the water content was adjusted to about 65% by weight to prepare a culture medium. As the mycelium active agent, the product “Lifelight” manufactured by Lifelight Co., Ltd. was used.

  Then, using a filling machine, a culture bottle made of polypropylene (850 cc) was filled with 500 to 540 g of culture medium in net weight, and an inoculation hole having a diameter of about 15 mm and reaching the bottom was provided at the center of the culture medium and plugged.

  Subsequently, it was sterilized in a high-pressure sterilization pot according to a conventional method and cooled. Cooling was performed in a clean room to prevent recontamination due to return air during cooling. Thereafter, aseptically inoculated with a strain belonging to the genus Pleurotus (KX-EN2001) in the clean room, the culture was started. The culture was performed for 40 days in an environment of a temperature of 20 ° C., a humidity of 65%, and a carbon dioxide concentration of about 2,000 ppm, and then the fungus was scraped to a depth of about 15 mm including the surface of the medium.

  After that, immediately in an inverted state, an environment temperature of 14 to 16 ° C. and a carbon dioxide gas concentration of about 2,000 ppm are irradiated with light of about 300 Lx only in the daytime period, and the humidity range is 70 to 98%. The sprouting management was repeated by repeatedly holding the low humidity environment and the high humidity environment at regular intervals.

  After confirming sprouting, the container is returned to an upright state, then the environmental temperature is changed to 18 to 20 ° C., the environmental humidity is changed to 80 to 90%, the carbon dioxide concentration is 800 to 1,500 ppm, and the illuminance is about 1,500 Lx. Growth management was performed under the continuous light irradiation environment. The mushrooms were harvested one by one when they were grown until the fungus was flat. The number of days until harvest is 15.5 days (standard deviation 0.4), the yield per bottle is 120.6 g (24.2), the number of effective stems is 3.6 (2.0), The individual weight was 32.6 g (10.8).

  The morphological characteristics of the obtained fruiting body are as follows. In other words, the fruiting body is scattered, the size of the fungus is 6-10 cm, round or irregular, round or funnel shape, the umbrella color is light yellowish white or grayish yellow, the surface is smooth and glossy, and the stripe pattern Have The meat is white, thick and dense. The folds are light grayish yellow, the density is dense, and the attachment to the fungus pattern is strong aspens. The fungus pattern is center or eccentric, the thickness is 3-5cm, the length is 3-5cm, the fungus umbrella diameter / fungus pattern length ratio is 2-2.5, the color is white, the shape is lower, the flesh is white, medium Real and very hard. The spores are oval or spindle-shaped, the surface is smooth, the size is 5-6 × 7-9 μm, and the spores are white.

Claims (3)

  A method for cultivating new fruiting bodies, in which spore of eringi and spore of white mausoleum are crossed and then cultured using the strain obtained by culturing and selecting the hybrids. , Scraping the surface of the cultivated bed after culturing, and in an inverted state, the ambient temperature is 14 to 16 ° C., the carbon dioxide concentration is 1,600 to 3,000 ppm, and the light is 100 to 800 Lx only during the daytime. , Sprouting management is performed while repeating a low humidity environment and a high humidity environment at a constant interval in a humidity range of 60 to 98%, and after sprouting is confirmed, the container is returned to an upright state and an illuminance of 1,000 Lx It is changed to the above continuous or intermittent irradiation conditions, and the growth management is performed under conditions of an environmental temperature of 10 to 25 ° C., a carbon dioxide concentration of 1,500 ppm or less, and an environmental humidity of 75 to 95%. Child Cultivation method of the body.   The cultivation method of the novel fruiting body of Claim 1 which uses KX-EN2001 strain (FERM P-20576) which is a strain of the genus Pleurotus as a strain.   A novel fruiting body belonging to the genus Pleurotus and having a fungus umbrella diameter / bacterial handle length ratio of 2.0 or more.