JP2007135565A - New strain belonging to lepista sordida and artificial culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new strain of Lepista sordida enabling mushroom bed culture; and to provide a method of the mushroom bed culture in an installation having an air-conditioner. <P>SOLUTION: A carpophore is obtained by a method of inoculating a wild strain of the Lepista sordida purely separated from the natural world on an artificial medium, burying the cultured mushroom bed in a culture soil having excellent drainability/air permeability in the installation, and spraying water thereon. The new strain SLS-11 (accession number: NITE P-150) is obtained by screening the strain forming the carpophore by the culture method, and selecting the strain providing the carpophore having excellent characters from the strains forming the carpophore. The carpophore is produced in high yield, and has deep bluish purple color and tightened fleshy substance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a komura swordfish (Repista sordida), to a komura swordfish strain suitable for fungus bed cultivation, and to a komula swordfish obtained by cultivating the strain.

  Komurasakijiji (Repista sordida) belongs to the family Trichomataceae, Tribus Clittocyae, Lepista [Primary color Japanese new fungus Ikuhosha, Ikuho Shonhonsha (1987)], a delicious purple mushroom.

  Komura Saxi Shrimp harvests wild strains from the natural world, isolates mycelium from them, cultures and proliferates them, and inoculates the obtained inoculum into an artificial medium. Is hardly done. The actual situation is that what occurs in nature is collected and used for food.

  Most of Komurasakimeji fruiting bodies that occur in the natural world or are buried in an artificial medium in the open ground are devoured by insects and slugs of the mushroom fly family, and their commercial value is low, such as their fleshy nature. .

  In view of the above-described problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel strain and a fungus bed facility cultivation method in order to enable fungus bed cultivation.

  Another object of the present invention is to obtain fruit bodies free from insect damage caused by insects and the like by allowing cultivation in a fungus bed facility.

  Furthermore, it aims at obtaining the fruit body excellent in the color, shape, meat quality, etc. of an umbrella by this invention.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention screens strains that produce fruiting bodies by inoculating an artificial medium with a wild strain of Komurasakijiji purely isolated from the natural world and cultivating this fungal bed in a facility. Furthermore, it is a new strain SLS-11 (deposit number NITE P-150) selected by obtaining a fruiting body having excellent traits by cultivation in a fungus bed facility from the strains that formed fruiting bodies.

  Screening of strains was performed as follows. The fruit body tissue of Komurasaxi-meji collected from the natural world is isolated, purely cultured on potato-dextrose agar medium, mixed with hardwood bark compost: rice bran = 5: 1 (weight ratio), water is added, and the water content is about 60 A mycelium obtained by pure culture was inoculated into a bark compost medium adjusted to ˜65% and sterilized under high pressure, and an inoculated fungus was used as an inoculum. The same bark compost medium was filled in 1 kg of a polypropylene bag and molded into a rectangular parallelepiped, and sterilized at a medium temperature of 120 ° C. for 30 minutes. About 10 ml of the inoculum is inoculated into this medium and cultured for about one month in a culture room adjusted to a temperature of 22 to 28 ° C. and a humidity of 50 to 80%. Was buried so that the thickness on the upper side of the fungus bed was about 3 cm, and after sprinkling, it was placed in a generation chamber having an air temperature of 18 to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 80 to 95%. In the generation room, under the fluorescent lamp illumination conditions for 4 to 12 hours per day, water below 20 ° C. was sprayed as appropriate to form fruiting bodies.

  The cultivation method of fruiting bodies can be substituted by composted waste mushrooms other than hardwood bark compost as a medium base material. Moreover, it can grow in the range of medium base material: rice bran = 5: 1 to 2 (weight ratio). The material for embedding the fungus bed is not limited to Kanuma soil, but can be any culture soil with high drainage and air permeability. In this case, the fungus bed is buried in a bag or container having a drain outlet or a net-like bottom so as not to stagnate. After burying the fungus bed, it is desirable to perform watering about 1 to 3 times a week after the fruit body primordium is confirmed.

  Fruiting bodies occur sporadically or in clusters from about one month to one month or more after burying. Umbrellas are up to 109 mm, average 35 mm, open flat from the bun type, the edges are initially wound inward and sometimes bend irregularly. The surface is slightly dull purple and gradually fades and becomes whitish. The folds are purple and pendent, slightly dense. The handle has a maximum length of 105 mm, an average of 51 mm, a median diameter of a maximum of 18 mm, an average of 7 mm, a fibrous surface, and solid.

  Comparing the above features with that described by Rokuya Imanoseki and Tsujio Hongo's book “Primary Colored Japanese New Fungi Encyclopedia (I)” (1987), it is clear that this strain is Komura Saxi-Shimeji.

Next, the mycological properties of this strain are shown below.
(1) Growth status in malt extract agar medium (25 ° C)
On the 7th day, the diameter is 45mm, white and the center is slightly dilute. Under development of aerial hyphae.
(2) Growth state on potato dextrose agar medium (25 ° C)
Vigorous growth on the 7th day, fungus-like diameter 61 mm, white, but the middle of the radius in the direction of hyphal elongation is colored blue-purple in a ring shape. Airborne hyphae develop especially around the center. The blue-violet color will be expanded thereafter.
(3) Growth state on the Tuapeck agar medium (25 ° C)
On the 7th day, the diameter of fungus was 43mm, white and density was low, and the hyphae expanded radially. Under development of aerial hyphae.
(4) Optimal growth pH and growth at each pH A potato dextrose agar medium adjusted to pH 4-8 was inoculated with 4 mm diameter mycelium pieces, cultured at 25 ° C for 7 days, and the diameter of the fungus was measured. As a result, growth was observed at any pH, particularly vigorous growth at pH 5.5 to 7.5, and the optimum growth pH was around 6.0.
(5) Optimal growth temperature and growth at each temperature Potato dextrose agar medium adjusted to pH 5.5 was inoculated with 4 mm diameter mycelium pieces, cultured at 5 to 35 ° C. for 7 days, and the diameter of the fungus was measured. As a result, growth was observed at any temperature, and it grew well in the temperature range of 15-30 ° C., particularly vigorous growth at 25-30 ° C., and the optimum growth temperature was around 25 ° C.
Day 7 colony diameter is 72mm, white and dense mycelium.
(6) Growth state in phenol oxidase reaction (potato / dextrose agar medium supplemented with 0.1% gallic acid) (25 ° C.)
Vigorous growth on the 7th day, fungus-like diameter of 56 mm, white, but slightly purple inside the ring from the periphery. Airborne hyphae develop especially around the center. The medium browned in the range of about fungi.
(7) Presence / absence of banding line Inoculate the dinuclear mycelium of the 3 strains of the test strains in the center of the potato-dextrose agar medium with 4 mm diameter mycelium pieces facing each other at intervals of 3 cm and culturing at 25 ° C. for 28 days Then, it was determined whether or not a band line was generated at both colony boundary portions. This strain formed a band with homologous control strains SLS-05 and SLS-06.

  Table 1 shows a comparison of the above results with control strains SLS-05 and SLS-06. The fruit body of the SLS-11 strain had a higher yield than the other two strains, a deep blue-purple color, and a tight meat quality.

  By using the Komurasakijiji strain of the present invention, it has been possible to obtain fruit bodies in the same manner as other mushroom artificial cultivations that have been difficult to cultivate in the fungus bed facility, and have a dark purple, full-bodied meat quality. A fruiting body is obtained. In addition, since fungus bed facility cultivation is possible, fruit bodies with high commercial value free from insect damage and the like can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, examples of artificial cultivation of a new strain of Komurasakijiji according to the present invention will be shown, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the following examples.

  [Manufacture of bark compost seeds] Broad-leaved bark compost: Rice bran = 5: 1 (weight ratio), water added to adjust water content to about 65%, 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask filled with 300 g, capped And autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 60 minutes. After allowing to cool to room temperature, mycelia purely cultured on a potato dextrose agar medium of Komura Saximeji SLD11 strain was inoculated, and cultured at 25 ° C. and 70% humidity for about 30 days to produce bark compost.

  [Manufacture of fungal bed] Broad-leaved bark compost: mixed with rice bran = 5: 1 (weight ratio), added water to adjust the water content to about 65%, packed 1 kg of medium in a polypropylene bag with filter, 12cm x 20cm Molded into a 5 cm rectangular parallelepiped. This was sterilized at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes in the medium and allowed to cool overnight at room temperature. About 10 ml of the above-mentioned bark compost inoculum was inoculated in a clean bench, and the bag mouth was quickly folded twice and closed. This was cultured for 30 days at room temperature of 25 ° C. and humidity of 70%.

  [Generation of fruiting bodies from the fungus bed] The bag is opened, the fungus bed is taken out, the fungus bed is placed in a seedling box or planter having a grid-like bottom with high drainage, and the upper surface of the fungus bed is about 3 cm deep. So that it was covered with Kanuma soil and buried. After watering sufficiently with watering, when the surface of Kanuma soil dries under conditions of temperature 20 ° C, humidity 85-95%, lighting 300-400 lux for 6 hours, watering is performed as appropriate until water is drained from the bottom of the nursery box. Encouraged the generation of entity primordia

  Or, cut the fungus bed in half and place about 1 cm of Kanuma soil on the culture bag with a cut for drainage on the bottom, place two fungus beds on both sides, and between the fungus bed and the upper surface of Kanuma soil Filled with. The embedding depth of the upper surface was about 3 cm. After watering sufficiently with watering, if the surface of Kanuma soil dries under conditions of temperature 20 ° C., humidity 85-95%, lighting 300-400 lux for 6 hours, 5-15 until appropriate drainage from the bottom of the nursery box with watering. Water at ℃ was sprinkled to promote the generation of fruit body primordia.

  The primordial body of the fruiting body was confirmed from about one month after burying, and watering was repeated twice a week. I was able to harvest intermittently for about two months after the first harvest. Subsequent generation of fruiting bodies was insignificant. Compared to the natural world, the flesh of the fruiting body was tight, less brittle, and the color was deep blue-purple. The taste was as good as the natural one. In addition, no food damage or parasitism in the fruiting bodies was observed in the mushroom flies.

  When the same cultivation process is performed on an 800 ml polypropylene cultivation bottle, if it is covered with Kanuma soil, Akadama soil, and perlite and left under the conditions for generation, fruit bodies are generated only by growing aerial mycelium on Kanuma soil, Akadama soil. Without perlite, rarely formed fruit bodies, but it was malformed. From this, the effectiveness of the cultivation method was confirmed.

  The fruit body of the Komura Saxi Seri SLD11 strain has no mud odor like the purple imported mushroom Pied Blue (Mura Saxi Medji) and is provided as a new purple luxury food. In addition, mushrooms have a large number of functional components, and it is possible to detect useful components by making it possible to cultivate a large amount of komasaki shimeji mushroom, which may open uses other than foods.

Claims (2)

  In fungal bed cultivation, a new Komurasakimeji strain SLS-11 (deposit number NITE P-150) excellent in fruiting ability and character of the fruiting body formed.   A method for cultivating fruit bodies of a fruiting body, comprising inoculating a culture medium with the species of the new Komurasakimeji strain according to claim 1, embedding the cultivated microbial bed in a soil, and spraying water.