JP2014140309A - Method for producing auricularia auricula-judae - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing Auricularia auricula-judae capable of generating Auricularia auricula-judae to be a product on bagasse medium with film bag method at a high yield without any waste and realizing efficient harvest.SOLUTION: A polyhedral breathable film bag 100 is filled up with bagasse medium 10 comprising bagasse obtained from sugarcane as a cultivation substrate. Subsequent to cooling after sterilization, Auricularia auricula-judae is inoculated and cultivated. On at least one surface of the film bag 100 in which myceliums are spread on the medium 10, one or a plurality of notched lines 110 are provided so that total length relative to area of the same surface is 10 : 2 or less of numerical ratio. Bases of Auricularia auricula-judae is generated on the lines along with the notched lines 110.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a fungus, and more particularly to a production method for generating good quality jellyfish in a high yield without waste by a film bag method from a culture medium using bagasse obtained from sugar cane as a culture substrate.

  Most of the domestic jellyfish production is carried out in a culture medium using bagasse obtained from sugar cane (hereinafter simply referred to as a bacus culture medium). The jellyfish is cultivated from a culture medium that uses trees and sawdust from trees (hereinafter abbreviated as sawdust medium), but the latter is currently profitable with a lack of raw wood and low yield. It is hardly done because there is nothing.

  The medium used for the production of mushrooms is generally a mixture of the above-mentioned bagasse and sawdust culture materials with a few nutrients selected from rice sugar, bran, defatted soybeans, okara, etc. The inventors proposed a method for cultivating a jellyfish using bagasse as a culture medium (Patent Documents 1 and 2). Moreover, regarding the culture medium, there are known proposals for a method for producing a culture medium (Patent Document 3) and a method for reusing a cultivation waste bed (Patent Document 4).

Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-33932 Japanese Patent Publication No.51-18334 JP-A-63-233723 Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-79610

  The present inventors made a commercialization based on the above proposal of a method for cultivating the fungus using bagasse medium. For implementation, the film bag method, which is a technique for cultivating and cultivating conventional mushrooms, was adopted. The outline of the production method according to the present proposal will be explained. After filling the bagasse medium in a film bag, sterilizing and cooling, inoculating the fungus and incubating at around 25 ° C, and when the mycelium spreads on the fungus bed, One side is cut out, and this side is exposed to air so that jellyfish are generated from the same side.

  An example of the production method according to the present proposal will be described. Based on a cake obtained from the pressed juice of bagasse and sugar millet, a medium is prepared by appropriately blending nutrients such as rice bran and barley, and a breathable film. Filled with 2 kg of compressed and shaped medium (water 65%), sterilized at 125 ° C. for 2 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, inoculated with jellyfish fungus and about 30 days at around 25 ° C. When the mycelium spreads on the culture medium bed, one side of the film bag is cut out, and this part is exposed to air to generate a jellyfish.

  According to the above method, the total yield of the generated jellyfish is far higher than that of the conventional sawdust medium by using the bagasse medium, but the jellyfish that becomes the product and the undeveloped jellyfish that does not become the product are on the surface. Since it occurs frequently so as to blow out at a time, there is a problem that the ratio of the jellyfish that becomes a product from the total yield is low and waste occurs. In addition, bagasse culture medium often produces fungus jellyfish at one time, so it takes time for harvesting work, and the work is not progressing well.When scraping off the fungus with a cutter at the time of harvesting, the next fruiting body is damaged, yielding. It was also found that there was a problem such as dropping.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a jellyfish that can efficiently produce a lotus jellyfish as a product from a bagasse medium by a film bag method without waste.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has studied a method for physically suppressing the occurrence of the jellyfish. That is, the conventional method of cutting the surface of the film bag and exposing the entire surface to the air was stopped, and a cut line was made on the surface of the film bag to try to generate a jellyfish. As a result, it was found that the mycelium gathered along the cut line, the primordial of the jellyfish was generated along the line, and most of the primordial of the jellyfish grew large and uniformly as a fruiting body. It was also found that a uniform and large fungus can be obtained by limiting the length of the cut line.

  According to this study, according to the conventional method of cutting the surface of the film bag, the total yield of the fungus is about 45% with respect to the weight of the medium bed, and the ratio of the total yield of the fungus is about 70%. On the other hand, when the cut line is inserted into the surface of the film bag and the length of the cut line is limited to 10: 2 or less in terms of the area of the surface where the cut line is inserted, the total yield of the jellyfish relative to the medium bed weight The yield was as high as around 50%, and the ratio of the product to the total yield was 78 to 85%, and the product was thick and large and uniform. We have also found a new fact that when the numerical ratio exceeds 10: 2 and becomes 10: 2.5, the ratio of the product to the total yield is almost the same as that produced by cutting one side of the film bag.

  Based on the above examination, the method of producing a fungus according to the present invention is filled with a multifaceted film bag that can be ventilated with a culture medium using bagasse obtained from sugar cane, inoculated with fungus jellyfish after sterilization and cooling. Then, on at least one surface of the film bag in which the mycelium has spread in the culture medium, one or a plurality of scissors whose total ratio with respect to the area of the same surface is 10: 2 or less in numerical ratio is put into the scissors. The main feature is the generation of a jellyfish primordium along the line.

  Examples of the species of the jellyfish that are generated according to the present invention include the jellyfish, the jellyfish jellyfish, the jellyfish jellyfish, the jellyfish jellyfish, the jellyfish jellyfish, the giant jellyfish, and the jellyfish jellyfish.

  The shape of the bagasse culture medium includes a substantially cube, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, a prism, and the like. The film bag filled with these bagasse culture media has a multifaceted shape that matches the three-dimensional shape of the bagasse culture medium. Either the top or bottom surface or the side surface can be applied to the surface for entering the cut line.

  According to the method for producing the jellyfish according to the present invention, the sum of the area of the surface into which the cut line of the film bag is inserted and the length of the cut line is a numerical ratio of 10: 0.1 to 10: 2, and the length of the cut line The second feature is that the length is at least ½ or more with respect to the longitudinal, lateral, or diagonal length along the direction of the cut line of the surface into which the cut line is to be inserted.

  According to the production method of the jellyfish according to the present invention, it is possible to generate a good and large uniform jellyfish along the cut line put on the surface of the film bag from the culture medium using bacas as a culture base material. It brings about an excellent effect that the product rate is improved and the product jellyfish can be obtained in high yield without waste.

  In addition, the conventional method did not make progress because the harvesting operation was difficult, but according to the present invention, the primordial of the jellyfish grows on the line along the cut line, so it is easy to scrape off with a cutter or the like. Mushroom harvesting is streamlined. Furthermore, the yield of the jellyfish primordium and the extremely small fruit bodies that will grow and become products at the time of harvest is extremely low, leading to an increase in yield.

It is a perspective view which shows the state which put the cut line in one surface of the film bag with which the bagasse culture medium was filled.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a bagasse medium, and reference numeral 100 denotes a film bag filled with bagasse medium. Hereinafter, based on the present embodiment, a procedure for generating a jellyfish will be described.

  First, a bagasse medium is prepared. In a culture substrate in which a cake obtained from sugar millet press juice is mixed with bagasse obtained from sugar cane at a predetermined anhydrous solid ratio (6: 4-8: 2), rice bran, barley, bran, Nutrients selected from defatted soybeans, okara, etc. are blended with a predetermined anhydrous solid blend (10-20% with respect to the culture substrate 100), mixed with water to adjust the moisture (55-80%). . The obtained bagasse culture medium 10 is compressed and shaped to a predetermined size, filled into a multi-faceted film bag 100 having air permeability, and closed by folding the bag mouth so that the bagasse culture medium inside does not touch the outside air.

  Next, the film bag 100 filled with the compressed and shaped bagasse culture medium is sterilized at a high temperature (100 to 130 ° C.) for a certain time (1 to 3 hours) in a sterilization pot, and allowed to cool to room temperature. Appropriate amount of fungus inoculum is inoculated from 100 inoculum opening (afterwards closed with heat seal), and certain culture conditions (temperature 25-28 ° C, CO2 concentration 700-800 ppm, humidity 60-70%, illumination 50 lux) Below) Incubate mycelium under

  When the mycelium spreads on the mycelia of the bagasse culture medium, one or more (one in the illustrated example) cut lines 110 are put on an appropriate surface of the film bag 100. The total length of the cut lines 110 is 10: 0.5 to 10: 2.0 as a numerical ratio with respect to the area of the surface into which the cut lines are to be inserted. For example, when one surface into which the cut line of the film bag 100 is placed is 20 cm long × 20 cm wide, the cut line 110 is inserted so that the total length is 20 cm to 80 cm. If the cut line 110 is in the above range, one cut line having a length of 20 cm or 40 cm may be inserted, or two 40 cm cut lines may be inserted at equal intervals. Both are included in this embodiment. The width of the cut line 110 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.01 mm to 1 mm. It is important to be careful not to separate the film and the fungus bed with a sharp blade as much as possible.

  The length of the cut line 110 is at least 1/2 or more, preferably 2 with respect to the vertical line or horizontal line along the cut line direction of the surface of the film bag 100 into which the cut line is inserted, from the viewpoint of easy harvesting and growth of the fruiting body. / 3 or more, more preferably 4/5 or more. In addition, the number of the cut lines 110 may be one, but in order to increase the yield, it is desirable to put a plurality (2 to 3) of strips on the condition that the interval is 2.5 cm or more.

  Next, the film bags 100 with the cut lines 110 on one side are arranged in one or more stages on the cultivation shelf in the cultivation house, and certain generation conditions (temperature 20-30 ° C., humidity 65-95%, illuminance 200) Under 8,000 lux), a jellyfish primordium is generated on a line along the cut line 110 of each film bag 100 to grow a fruit body of the jellyfish. The fruit body of the jellyfish grows greatly from the cut line 110 to the outside.

  Thereafter, after a certain cultivation period, the jellyfish grown to the product size along the cut lines 110 of each film bag 100 is scraped off and harvested with a cutter or the like. Since the jellyfish grown on the line along the cut line can be easily scraped off with a cutter or the like, the harvesting operation is streamlined. In addition, the yield of the jellyfish product can be improved with very little damage to the primordial and extremely small fruit bodies that will be the product at the time of harvest.

  According to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the product ratio of the jellyfish generated from the mycelium of the bacus medium, and to obtain a good and large uniform jellyfish in a high yield without waste.

  Next, examples will be described.

  The present inventor cuts one side of a film bag (20 cm × 20 cm) on a bagasse medium bed (20 cm long × 20 cm wide × 10 cm high) infested with hyphae, and generates a jellyfish from the same surface (comparative example) A comparative test was conducted on two methods (Examples) in which two 20 cm long cuts were placed at equal intervals on one side (20 cm × 20 cm) of the film bag, and a fungus was generated from the cuts. Thirty test beds were prepared and cultured under the same conditions. The test conditions are as follows.

  In the bagasse medium, 12% of rice bran was blended in the culture base material blended at a ratio of bagasse 7: cake 3 in a solid compounding ratio, adjusted to a moisture of 65%, and the floor weight was 2 kg. First, the mixed medium is compressed and shaped (bagasse medium is 20cm long x 20cm wide x 10cm high), filled into a heat-resistant film bag with a breathable membrane, and the bag mouth is folded so that the medium does not touch the outside air Then, the mixture was sterilized at 125 ° C. for 2 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and then inoculated with an appropriate amount of inoculum from the inoculum. The inoculum was closed with a heat seal.

The culture conditions were a temperature of 25 to 28 ° C., a CO ₂ concentration of 700 to 800 ppm, a humidity of 60 to 70%, and an illuminance of 50 lux or less. The average number of days that the mycelium spread on the medium bed was 30 days in the bagasse medium. After the hyphae spread on the culture medium bed, the comparative example cuts out one side (20 cm × 20 cm) of the film bag, and in the example, one side of the film bag (20 cm × 20 cm) had a 20 cm long cut line at equal intervals. And put the floor in the cultivation house.

  The cultivation conditions of the fungus were temperature 20-30 ° C., humidity 65-95%, illuminance 200-8000 lux, and other suitable ventilation. Watering was performed 4 to 5 times a day using a mist machine that can be sprayed in the form of a mist so that the floor surface does not dry. The cultivation period was 70 days. The cultivation house was skeletonized with galvanized iron pipes, and a light-shielding sheet was attached to it, and the inside was a cold-cold screen door. Ventilation was through the inner screen. The cultivation shelf was an inclined shelf, and the generated floor was 20 cm in depth × 6 tiers.

Table 1 shows the test results. The test results in Table 1 are shown as the total yield during the cultivation period. In Table 1, symbol A represents a diameter of 5 cm or more, B represents less than 5 cm to 3 cm, and C represents less than 3 cm. Of these, the diameter of 5cm or more of raw jellyfish is the minimum size for products, and less than that is not treated as products.

  As can be seen from Table 1, the bagasse culture medium cuts out one side of the film bag and generates a fungus (comparative example), and a method of putting a cut line on one side of the film bag and generating a fungus from the cut line ( There was a significant difference from Example 1). That is, the total yield of the jellyfish generated from one side of the film bag is 46% with respect to the floor weight, and the ratio of the total yield to the product is 71.5%. The total yield of mushrooms generated from the cut lines was 53%, and the ratio of total yield to product was indeed 82.7%, which was a high yield.

  In the latter case, the mycelium gathered on the cut muscles, and the jellyfish primordium was generated along the cut muscles. Growing up on average at an early stage, the rate of product (diameter 5 cm or more) gradually decreased as the harvest progressed. From this test, it has been found that the amount of fungus that becomes a product is improved by about 1/3 as compared with the former comparative example by inserting a cut line. What was particularly conspicuous in the observation was that, as can be seen from Table 1, in Example 1, the B size, which remained without growing the primordium generated on one surface of the film bag, was very small in Example 1. is there.

  In the case of Example 1, the generated jellyfish was generated along the cut line and grew greatly on average, so that the harvesting operation was greatly advanced. In addition, since it is harvested along the cut line, it no longer damages the next fruiting body.

  Next, the present inventor conducted a test on the bagasse culture medium to see how much the cutting effect would be improved when the cutting line of the film bag was inserted. The size, weight, and composition of the floor subjected to this test are the same as in Example 1. Thirty test beds were prepared, and a culture cultivation test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1. The average number of days that fungus hyphae spread on the floor was 32 days, and the cultivation period was 70 days. The structure of the cultivation house, the shelf, the way of stacking the floor, etc. are the same as in the first embodiment.

In the comparative example, the entire surface (20 cm × 20 cm) of the film bag was cut out, and in the examples, the scoring line 1 is one surface of the film bag (20 cm × 20 cm) with a 20 cm long cutting line in the center (numerical ratio 10: 0.5), the incisor 2 has two equal incisions (numerical ratio 10: 1.0), and the incisor 3 has three incisions (numerical ratio 10: 1.5). 4 was inserted at equal intervals (numerical ratio 10: 2.0), and 5 cut lines 5 were inserted at equal intervals (numerical ratio 10: 2.5). Table 2 shows the test results. The results in Table 2 are shown as the total yield during the cultivation period. As in Example 1, A, B, and C were used for the generation of the size of the generated raw jellyfish.

  As can be seen from Table 2, the proportion of cutlet 1 to cutlet 4 was high, and the resulting fruiting bodies grew up in an average size. In addition, when it became the cut line 5, growth stopped at the size of the B class, and many of them did not grow, and the effect was not obtained.

  The method for producing a jellyfish according to the present invention can be used as a method for producing a jellyfish using a bagasse medium and a film bag method.

10 Bagasse Medium 100 Film Bag 110 Cut Line

Claims (2)

  Fill a multi-faceted film bag with a culture medium containing bagasse obtained from sugarcane as a culture substrate, sterilize and cool, inoculate and inoculate fungus, and at least of the film bag in which mycelium is prevalent. One or a plurality of scoring lines whose total ratio to the area of the same surface is 10: 2 or less are put on one surface, and a jellyfish primordium is generated on the line along the scoring lines. How to make fungus.   The total area of the surface of the film bag where the cut line is inserted and the length of the cut line are in a numerical ratio of 10: 0.1 to 10: 2, and the length of the cut line is the cut line of the surface where the cut line is inserted 2. The method of producing a jellyfish according to claim 1, wherein there are at least ½ or more of the vertical or horizontal direction.

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