JP2008539259A - 表面を修飾した微粒子およびその形成方法および使用 - Google Patents
表面を修飾した微粒子およびその形成方法および使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008539259A JP2008539259A JP2008509099A JP2008509099A JP2008539259A JP 2008539259 A JP2008539259 A JP 2008539259A JP 2008509099 A JP2008509099 A JP 2008509099A JP 2008509099 A JP2008509099 A JP 2008509099A JP 2008539259 A JP2008539259 A JP 2008539259A
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- microparticles
- charged
- monolayer
- active agent
- microparticle
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2005年4月27日に出願した米国仮特許出願第60/675,352号および2005年12月6日に出願した米国仮特許出願第60/750,903号の利益を主張する。
本発明の開示は一般的に、1種または複数の活性薬剤を含有する微粒子およびこのような微粒子の対象への送達方法を対象とする。より具体的には、本発明の開示は、1種または複数の活性薬剤を制御放出できるような、微粒子の表面修飾を対象とする。本発明の開示はさらに、このような表面修飾微粒子の製造方法および使用方法を対象とする。
本発明の開示は一般的に、表面修飾微粒子の調製方法を対象とする。一例として、この方法は、少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を含む、アモルファスおよび固体の予め形成された微粒子を提供することを含む。この予め形成された微粒子は、正味表面電荷を帯びた外面を備えている。この方法はさらに、予め形成された微粒子の少なくとも外面を、予め形成された微粒子の外面の正味表面電荷とは反対の符号である正味電荷を帯びた少なくとも1種の荷電化合物に曝露することを含む。この荷電化合物の単層が形成され、それによってこの単層は予め形成された微粒子の外面と結合する。
本明細書で特に定義しなければ、本発明の開示で使用した科学的および技術的用語は、当業者によって通常理解され、使用される意味を有する。特に内容的に必要ない場合は、単数形の用語はその複数形を含み、複数形の用語は単数形を含むものと理解される。特に、本明細書および特許請求の範囲で使用したように、単数形「a」および「an」は、明白にその他の場合を指示しない限り、複数形を含む。したがって、例えば、特定の微粒子について言及する場合、当業者に公知のそれらの同等物を含めた単一のこのような微粒子または複数のこのような微粒子について言及している。また、本明細書および特許請求の範囲で使用したように、「少なくとも1つ」および「1つまたは複数の」という用語は、同じ意味を有し、1つ、2つ、3つ以上を含む。以下の用語は、特に指示がなければ、本発明の開示の場合で使用したとき、以下の意味を有するものと理解される。
QCM法は、SRA含有溶液の存在下で電気的に荷電した化合物の積層集合体の存在を確かめるために使用した。複数の(例えば、2、3または4)PAH/PSS2層の前駆体フィルム(すなわち、各2層はPSS単層に密着して隣接したPAH単層を含む)をQCMの9MHz銀共振器(USI QCMシステム、260303モデル、Sanwa Tsusho Co.、Ltd、日本)上に沈着させた。各単層を形成するために、荷電化合物を濃度1.5mg/mLで含むNaCl 0.25Mの水性緩衝液中で、室温で15分間、この共振器をインキュベートし、脱イオン(DI)水で3回洗浄し、乾燥させた。水性緩衝液の代わりに、単層はまた、荷電化合物を濃度3mg/mLで有するDI水溶液を使用して形成することができる。
微粒子の正味表面電荷(ゼータ電位)を測定するために、ゼータ電位分析器(ZetaPALSモデル、Brookhaven Instruments Corp.、Holtsville、NY)を使用した。観察下で各試料の一部40μlを、塩を含まない対応するPEG溶液1.5mLに添加し、混合し、得られた懸濁液を測定のためにすぐ使用した。懸濁液の温度は、微粒子分解を最小限に抑えるために8℃に平衡化させた。
(インシュリンなどの)活性薬剤のIVRプロファイルを作製するために、放出緩衝液(Tris10mM、Brij35 0.05%、NaCl 0.9%、pH7.4)の一部10mLを、濃縮粒子懸濁液0.5mL(インシュリン3mgに相当)を含有するガラスバイアルに添加し、混合し、37℃でインキュベートした。指定した時間間隔で、IVR媒体400μLを微量遠心管に移し、13krpmで2分間遠心した。上清の一部300μLを取り出し、当業界で理解されている通りにビシンコシン酸(BCA)測定法によって分析するまで、−80℃に保存した。新鮮な放出緩衝液の一部300μlをこの微量遠心管に添加して、ペレットを元に戻した。懸濁液400μLをIVRに戻した。微粒子中の活性薬剤総含量は、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)および界面活性剤およびpH中和剤を含有する水性アルカリ溶液中に微粒子を完全に溶解した後、BCA測定法によって測定した。
ポリスチレンスルホン酸単層を備えた小球体
本明細書で開示した相分離法を使用して形成されたインシュリン小球体(すなわち、予め形成された微粒子)を、ポリイオンPSS0.3mg/mLの存在下でPEG16%(w/v)およびNaCl0.7%(w/v)の水性溶液中で2℃でpH4.8で1時間インキュベートした。結合していないPSSを除去するために遠心洗浄(3000rpmで15分)を2回行い、毎回、小球体を再懸濁するための洗浄媒体として初期量の前述の水性溶液を使用した。非修飾小球体および修飾小球体のゼータ電位値を比較して、PSS単層の形成を確かめた(図3)。
ポリスチレンスルホン酸およびポリアリルアミン塩酸塩の複数の交互単層を備えた小球体
実施例1AのPSS修飾微粒子は、ポリカチオンPAHのその後の単層を形成するための中間体微粒子として使用した。同様の形成および洗浄方法は、PAHを同濃度のPSSと置換する以外は、実施例1Aで記載した通りに使用した。所望する数の交互単層を形成するためにこの方法を繰り返した。図3は、各単層形成後にPSS/PAH2層集合物を4回連続して沈着したゼータ電位値を示す。
小球体の表面中性点を下回るpHで表面修飾された小球体
実施例1Aの方法を使用して、pH4.8(約5.6で認められる小球体の表面中性点を下回る)でインシュリン小球体上にポリアニオン単層を形成した。図4は、ポリアクリル酸(ポリアニオンのモデル)、デキストラン硫酸、ポリアスパラギン酸、ポリグルタミン酸およびアルギン酸の単層を備えたインシュリン小球体のゼータ電位値を示す。予め形成されたインシュリン小球体のpH4.8でのゼータ電位は、正の正味表面電荷を示した。それぞれのポリアニオン単層を形成した後、得られた表面修飾小球体の正味表面電荷は負だった。
小球体の表面中性点を上回るpHで表面修飾された小球体
実施例1Aおよび1Bの方法を使用して、(小球体の表面中性点を上回る)pH7.0でインシュリン小球体上にポリカチオン単層を形成した。図5は、ポリジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド(PDDA、ポリカチオンのモデル)、プロタミン硫酸(ProtS)、ポリ−l−アルギニン(PLA)およびポリ−l−リシン(PLL)の単層を備えたインシュリン小球体のゼータ電位値を示す。予め形成されたインシュリン小球体のpH7.0でのゼータ電位は、負の正味表面電荷を示した。それぞれのポリカチオン単層を形成した後、得られた表面修飾小球体の正味表面電荷は正だった。図6に示したように、FITC標識プロタミン単層を備えたインシュリン小球体のLSC顕微鏡写真によって、ポリカチオン単層の形成が確かめられた。
反対に荷電したポリイオンの複数の単層を備えた小球体
実施例1A&2Aで得られた小球体を中間体小球体として使用して、ポリカチオンPLL0.3mg/mLの存在下で水性溶液中(PEG16%、NaCl0.7%、pH4.8)に再懸濁し、2℃で1時間インキュベートして、形成されたポリアニオン単層の上にPLLの次の単層を形成した。図7に示したように、小球体の正味表面電荷逆転によって、ポリイオン単層の形成が確認された。図8に示したように、形成されたPSS単層および次のFITC標識PLL単層を備えたインシュリン小球体のLSC顕微鏡写真によって、ポリカチオンPLLの表面沈着が示された。
逆に荷電した生体適合性ポリイオンの複数の単層を備えた小球体
コンドロイチン硫酸およびゼラチンAは、予め形成されたインシュリン小球体の周りに逆に荷電したポリイオンの複数の単層を形成するために、PEG16%およびNaCl0.7%の水溶液中で、pH4.8で2℃で使用された。実施例1Aの方法によって、コンドロイチン硫酸単層を形成した後、ゼラチンA単層を形成した。6層の交互荷電単層を形成するために、この方法を繰り返した。各単層形成後の小球体の正味表面電荷の逆転を図10に示す。
多価カチオンおよびPEGの存在下での単層形成
予め形成されたインシュリン小球体の周りにプロタミンおよびコンドロイチン硫酸の単層を形成するために、水溶液のpHが6.4で、PEG16%、NaCl0.7%、酢酸0.16%(w/v)およびZnCl20.026%(w/v)を含有すること以外は、実施例1Bの方法を使用した。比較実施例は、pH6.4で、PEG16%、NaCl0.7%を含有するZnおよび酢酸塩を含まない水溶液を使用して形成した。得られた小球体のゼータ電位を図11に示す。
多価カチオンの存在下およびPEGの非存在下での単層形成
予め形成されたインシュリン小球体の周りにプロタミンおよびコンドロイチン硫酸の単層を形成するために、水溶液がPEGを含まず、pHが7.0で、NaCl0.7%、酢酸0.16%、ZnCl20.026%を含有すること以外は、実施例1Bの方法を使用した。得られた小球体のゼータ電位を図12に示す。
リポソームで表面修飾した小球体
PEG16%、NaCl0.7%、酢酸0.16%、ZnCl20.026%、pH7.0の水溶液に懸濁した、60%カチオン性脂質1,2−ジオレイル−3−ジメチルアンモニウム−プロパン(DAP)および20%両性イオン1,2−ジオレイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホコリン(DOPC)を含有するリポソームを使用して、(同水溶液で予め洗浄された)予め形成されたインシュリン小球体と2℃で1時間一緒にインキュベートした。コンドロイチン硫酸の次の単層を形成するために実施例4Bの方法を適用した。
プロタミン修飾小球体からのインシュリンの持続放出
プロタミン修飾インシュリン小球体は、実施例2Bの方法を使用して、反応媒体中において様々な濃度のポリイオンで形成した。得られたプロタミン修飾インシュリン小球体のIVRプロファイルを図15に示す。ポリイオンの濃度を増加させると、表面修飾小球体からのインシュリンの初期バーストおよびその後の放出速度が減少した。
複数の単層による放出変更
実施例2Bで得られた小球体を中間体微粒子として使用して、その周りにカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を反応媒体中において様々な濃度で沈着させた。図16に示したIVRプロファイルは、その後の単層が表面修飾小球体からの活性薬剤の放出をさらに変更する能力を示している。さらにプロタミン単層を沈着すると、放出プロファイルを部分的または完全に回復することができた(図17)。
プロタミン修飾インシュリン小球体からのインシュリンのin vivo放出
プロタミン修飾インシュリン小球体からのインシュリンのin vivo放出を、化学的に誘導したスプラーグドーリーラットで調べた。実施例2Bに従って調製した表面修飾小球体をPEG3350 16%、pH7.0に溶かした懸濁液として投与した。表面修飾を行っていない予め形成されたインシュリン小球体を、PEG溶液、またはリン酸緩衝生理食塩水、pH7.4に溶かして対照として投与した。動物には、最初に小球体を1IU/kgの皮下用量で投与した。収集した試料中の組換えヒトインシュリン(rhINS)血清レベルを測定するために、ELISA測定法を使用した。表1および図18Aおよび18Bに示した結果は、投与用量の薬物動態に対する表面修飾の著しい効果を示している。特に、表面修飾は、rhINS(Cmax)の最大血清濃度およびCmaxを実現する時間(tmax)、ならびにrhINS濃度−時間曲線下面積(AUC)およびタンパク質の平均滞留時間(MRT)を増加させた。血清グルコース抑制(図18)はまた、対応する血清rhINSと一致した。以下に示したように、表面修飾微粒子では、非修飾、予め形成された微粒子のCmaxおよびtmaxと比較して、Cmaxがずっと増加した。この実施例で示したように、表面修飾微粒子のCmaxは、予め形成された微粒子のCmaxより2.5倍高かった。その他の実施例では、表面修飾微粒子のCmaxは、予め形成された微粒子のCmaxの1.1倍以上、1.25倍以上、1.5倍以上、2.0倍以上増加することができる。
様々な溶解度抑制剤の存在下での表面修飾
予め形成されたインシュリン微粒子をインキュベートするために使用したプロタミン硫酸(0.15mg/mL)の水性媒体は、PLURONIC(登録商標)F−68またはF−127(10%または16%w/v)の1つ、グリセロール(20%、40%または60%v/v)およびエタノール(10%v/v)を含有した。実施例1Aで説明した方法に従った。図19に示した表面修飾前後の小球体のゼータ電位値は、プロタミン単層の形成を示唆した。
表面修飾小球体の放出プロファイルに対する荷電化合物の濃度の効果
実施例1Aの方法に従って、プロタミン硫酸の濃度を0.1mg/mLから1.5mg/mLの範囲で変化させた。図20Aは、小球体のゼータ電位と48時間後のインシュリンの累積放出との間の関係を示す。反応媒体中のプロタミン濃度の増加は、インシュリン放出の減少と相関し、観察された最大効果濃度は約0.3mg/mLである。
hGH小球体の表面修飾
予め形成されたhGH小球体を交互に、プロタミン硫酸およびコンドロイチン硫酸0.3mg/mLそれぞれを含有する水性媒体(PEG335016%、NaCl0.7%、pH6.0)中で2℃でそれぞれ1時間インキュベートし、交互荷電単層を形成した。図21Aは、各単層沈着後の小球体のゼータ電位を示す。図21Bにおいて、1、2または3層の単層を備えた表面修飾hGH小球体のIVRプロファイルを、非修飾の予め形成されたhGH小球体のプロファイルと比較する。
静脈イムノグロブリンの小球体の表面修飾
予め形成されたの静脈イムノグロブリン(IVIG)小球体を、コンドロイチン硫酸およびプロタミン硫酸の交互単層で修飾した。各単層について、インキュベーションは、PEG8000 12.5%、酢酸アンモニウム50mMおよび各ポリイオン0.15mg/mLを含有するpH7.0の水性媒体中で4℃で1時間実施した。過剰なポリイオンを除去するために遠心洗浄を使用した。図22は、各単層沈着後の小球体のゼータ電位を示す。
水性PEG媒体中での小球体の表面電荷特性
PEG16%を含有する溶解度減少媒体中における予め形成されたインシュリン小球体の表面荷電特性を測定するために、媒体のpHを4〜7.5の範囲で調節した。小球体のゼータ電位を各媒体中で測定して、図23に示すように、対応するpHに対してプロットした。予め形成されたのインシュリン小球体の表面中性点は5.6と推定された。媒体のpHが表面中性点を下回って減少するか、上回って増加するにつれて、予め形成されたインシュリン小球体の正味表面電荷はそれぞれより正または負になった。
表面修飾小球体のゼータ電位および放出プロファイルに対する反応pHの効果
本明細書で開示した相分離法を使用して形成されたインシュリン小球体(20mg)を4℃で以下のpH値、5.7、5.9、6.5および7.0の1つの緩衝液(PEG16%(w/v)、NaCl0.7%(w/v)および酢酸ナトリウム67mMを含有する)に懸濁した。異なるpHの緩衝液に溶かした非修飾小球体のゼータ電位を本明細書で前述したように測定した。プロタミン硫酸、ポリ−l−リシン、またはポリ−l−アルギニンは、懸濁液と同様のpHの同緩衝液で6mg/ml溶液として、その1mlを懸濁液に添加した。得られた反応混合物それぞれの小球体濃度は1mg/mlで、ポリカチオン濃度は0.3mg/mlであった。得られた反応混合物を4℃で1時間インキュベートして、次に反応混合物のそれぞれのpH値の新鮮な緩衝液の一部20mlで遠心によって3回洗浄した(3000rpmで15分間)。最終洗浄の再懸濁物中の得られた表面修飾小球体のゼータ電位は、前述の通りに測定した。次に、表面修飾小球体は、本明細書で開示したプロトコールに従ってin vitro放出を行った。
表面修飾核酸小球体
核酸小球体は、全体を参照によって本明細書に組み込んだ米国特許出願公開第2006−0018971号および第2006−0024240号の開示によって形成された。小球体それぞれは、CD40siRNAを少なくとも80重量%(例えば、85重量%から90重量%)およびポリ−l−リシンを15重量%以下(例えば、6重量%から10重量%)含有する均一な混合物を有する。この核酸小球体を、ローダミンB標識PLL(70kD)1mg/mlを含有し、ヌクレアーゼを含まない脱イオン水(pH7.0)100μlに懸濁した。この懸濁液を撹拌しながら4℃で45分間インキュベートして、表面修飾小球体を形成し、次に、ヌクレアーゼを含まない脱イオン水(pH7.0)で遠心によって洗浄した。非修飾小球体および表面修飾小球体のゼータ電位は、それぞれ−24mVおよび34mVであることが測定された。明らかに、ポリカチオン単層の形成による核酸小球体の表面修飾は、表面の電気的荷電を逆転させることができる。ローダミンB標識PLLのレーザー走査共焦点顕微鏡写真を図27に示すが、核酸小球体の外面に単層がうまく形成されていることが確認される。
表面修飾微粒子の熱処理
本明細書で開示した通りの制御された相分離によって形成されたものなどの予め形成された非修飾インシュリン小球体(12mg)を、PEG16%(w/v)、NaCl0.7%(w/v)および酢酸ナトリウム67mMを含有するpH7.0の緩衝液1.5mlに4℃で懸濁した。濃度6mg/mlで、同一緩衝液に溶解したポリカチオン(ProtS、PLLまたはPLA)の水溶液1.5mlをこの懸濁液と混合すると、小球体濃度4mg/mlおよびポリカチオン濃度3mg/mlを有する反応混合物が生じた。この反応混合物を4℃で継続的に攪拌しながら30分間インキュベートして、それぞれポリカチオン単層を備えた表面修飾インシュリン小球体を形成した。次に、この反応混合物をさらに30分間、温度4℃、15℃、28℃または37℃でインキュベートした。次いで、熱処理インシュリン小球体を遠心(3000rpm、4℃で10分間)によって収集し、pH7.0の新鮮な緩衝液の一部で4℃で3回洗浄した。熱処理した表面修飾インシュリン小球体のゼータ電位データおよびin vitro放出プロファイルは、本明細書で前述した通りに作製された。
表面修飾微粒子の熱処理
本明細書で開示したような制御された相分離法によって形成されたものなどの予め形成されたの非修飾hGH小球体に、実施例16で記載したのと同様の熱処理を行った。熱処理した表面修飾hGH小球体のゼータ電位データおよびin vitro放出プロファイルは、本明細書で前述した通りに作製された。表4に示したように、28℃でインキュベーションした後の表面修飾hGH小球体の%CR1hは、4℃でインキュベーションした後の表面修飾hGHと同程度に減少した。
熱処理した表面修飾微粒子のin vivoでの効果
非修飾インシュリン小球体を、本明細書で開示した制御された相分離法を使用して調製した。非修飾インシュリン小球体の2つの部分をPLAで表面修飾し、実施例16で記載した方法に従って、1つの部分を(28℃で)熱処理し、もう1つの部分を対照として4℃でインキュベートした。緩衝液(PEG16%(w/v)、NaCl0.7%(w/v)、pH7.0)に懸濁した3種類の異なるインシュリン小球体の1種類をそれぞれ含有する注射用組成物を調製した。組成物を正常なスプラーグドーリーラットに4IU/kgの用量で皮下投与した。収集した試料中のインシュリン血清レベルを測定するために、ELISA測定法を使用した。結果を表5および図29Aおよび29Bに示す。図29Aに示したように、CR1hは同様に熱処理後に減少した。
Claims (55)
- 表面修飾微粒子の調製方法であって、
正味表面電荷を有する外面を備えた、少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を含む固体およびアモルファスの予め形成された微粒子を提供する工程と、
前記予め形成された微粒子の少なくとも前記外面を、前記正味表面電荷と反対の符号の正味電荷を帯びた少なくとも1種の荷電化合物に曝露する工程と、
前記少なくとも1種の荷電化合物を含む単層を形成し、それによって前記形成された単層が前記外面に結合する工程と
を含む方法。 - 前記形成された単層が、前記予め形成された微粒子とは異なる正味表面電荷を帯びた外面を備えている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記の予め形成された微粒子の前記外面が、前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤から実質的に構成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記形成された単層が飽和単層であり、前記正味表面電荷が前記の予め形成された微粒子とは反対の符号である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記の予め形成された微粒子が、前記予め形成された微粒子全体に実質的に均一に分布される前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を約40重量%から100重量%未満含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記の予め形成された微粒子が、前記予め形成された微粒子全体に実質的に均一に分布される前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を80重量%以上含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記曝露工程が、前記少なくとも1種の荷電化合物ならびに水、緩衝液、および水混和性有機溶媒の1種または複数ならびに1種または複数の溶解性抑制剤を含む溶液を提供することと、
前記溶液中で前記予め形成された微粒子を接触させることと
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記の正味表面電荷には前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤が実質的に関与している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1種または複数の溶解性抑制剤がアルコール、炭水化物、非イオン性水混和性重合体および多価カチオンを含む無機イオン化合物の1種または複数を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液が、重量対体積パーセントで、ポリエチレングリコール16%および塩化ナトリウム0.7%を含み、pHが4から10の間である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液が、前記予め形成された微粒子の表面中性点から0から0.3未満異なるpHを有する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液が、前記予め形成された微粒子の表面中性点から0.3以上異なるpHを有する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記曝露工程が2℃と5℃の間の温度で実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 温度、圧力、pHまたはそれらの組合せの操作を含む1種または複数の処理を表面修飾微粒子に実施する工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記処理が微粒子を含む懸濁液を高温で加熱することを含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記懸濁液を前記高温より低い低温に到達させることをさらに含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記表面修飾微粒子を前記溶液から分離することをさらに含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種の荷電化合物が、1種または複数の高分子電解質、荷電ポリアミノ酸、荷電多糖類、ポリイオン性重合体、荷電ペプチド、荷電タンパク質性化合物、場合によって荷電していない脂質と組み合わせた荷電脂質、荷電脂質構造物、およびそれらの誘導体を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 形成された単層の少なくとも前記外面を、前記形成された単層の前記正味表面電荷と反対の符号である正味電荷を帯びた少なくとも1種の異なる荷電化合物に曝露する工程と、
前記少なくとも1種の異なる荷電化合物を含み、前記形成された単層と結合する次の単層を形成する工程と
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記次の単層が前記形成された単層とは反対の符号の正味表面電荷を帯びた外面を備えている、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 追加的交互荷電単層を1層から5層形成する工程をさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 奇数の追加的交互荷電単層を形成する工程をさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤の制御放出が可能な前記表面修飾微粒子を形成する工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記制御放出が初期バーストおよび実質的に直線である放出プロファイルを含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記予め形成された微粒子が球体である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤がタンパク質性化合物である、請求項1に記載の微粒子。
- 前記予め形成された微粒子が共有的架橋結合を含まず、ヒドロゲルを含まない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記予め形成された微粒子が脂質を含まず、カプセル化を含まない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 表面修飾微粒子の調製方法であって、
少なくとも1種の溶媒、少なくとも1種の活性薬剤、少なくとも1種の相分離増強剤を含む液体連続相系を提供する工程と、
液相−固相分離を引き起こすために、前記系において場合によって制御された速度で相変化を誘導する工程と、
前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を含み、正味表面電荷を帯びた外面を備えたアモルファスおよび固体の微粒子を含む固相ならびに前記溶媒および前記少なくとも1種の相分離増強剤を含む液相を形成する工程と、
前記形成された微粒子の少なくとも前記外面を、前記正味表面電荷と反対の符号の正味電荷を帯びた少なくとも1種の荷電化合物に曝露する工程と、
前記少なくとも1種の荷電化合物を含む単層を形成する工程であって、前記形成された単層が形成された微粒子の前記外面と結合する工程と、
を含む方法。 - 前記曝露工程の前に前記形成された微粒子を洗浄する工程を含まない、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記曝露工程の前に、少なくとも1種の相分離増強剤の存在下で、前記形成された微粒子を洗浄する工程をさらに含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記曝露工程が、少なくとも1種の相分離増強剤の存在下で実施される、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記の予め形成された微粒子が、前記予め形成された微粒子全体に実質的に均一に分布される前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を80重量%以上を含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記曝露工程が、
前記少なくとも1種の荷電化合物、場合によって多価カチオン、および重量対体積パーセントで、ポリエチレングリコール16%および塩化ナトリウム0.7%を含む溶液を提供することと、
前記溶液中で2℃から5℃の温度で1秒から10時間の期間、前記形成された微粒子をインキュベートすることと
を含む、請求項34に記載の方法。 - 前記少なくとも1種の荷電化合物が、前記形成された微粒子の表面中性点と0から0.3未満異なるpHを有する溶液中で提供される、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の荷電化合物が、前記形成された微粒子の表面中性点と0.3以上異なるpHを有する溶液中で提供される、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 単分散または多分散の大きさ分布を有する前記表面修飾微粒子を形成する工程をさらに含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 表面修飾微粒子の調製方法であって、
少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を含み、正味表面電荷を帯びた外面を備えたアモルファスおよび個体の予め形成された微粒子を提供する工程と、
前記予め形成された微粒子の少なくとも前記外面を、前記予め形成された微粒子の前記正味表面電荷と反対の符号の正味電荷を帯びた少なくとも1種の荷電化合物に曝露する工程と、
前記予め形成された微粒子、および前記予め形成された微粒子の前記外面と結合し、前記少なくとも1種の荷電化合物を含む形成された単層とを含む中間体微粒子を形成する工程と、
少なくとも前記形成された単層を少なくとも1種の異なる荷電化合物に曝露する工程と、
前記中間体微粒子および前記少なくとも1種の異なる荷電化合物を含む次の単層を含み、前記中間体微粒子の放出プロファイルと異なる前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤の放出の放出プロファイルを有する前記表面修飾微粒子を形成する工程と
を含む方法。 - 前記中間体微粒子に、温度、圧力、pHまたはそれらの組合せの操作を含む1種または複数の処理を実施する工程をさらに含む、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記処理が微粒子を含む懸濁液を高温で加熱することを含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を80重量%以上含み、正味表面電荷を帯びた外面を含む固体、アモルファスのコア微粒子、および
前記コア微粒子の前記外面と少なくとも静電的相互作用によって結合し、前記コア微粒子の前記正味表面電荷と十分異なる正味電荷を帯びた少なくとも1種の荷電化合物を含む単層を含む微粒子。 - 前記少なくとも1種の活性薬剤が前記コア微粒子に均一に分布している、請求項41に記載の微粒子。
- 前記コア微粒子が球体である、請求項41に記載の微粒子。
- 前記単層の厚さが50nm未満である、請求項41に記載の微粒子。
- 前記荷電化合物の前記電荷が前記微粒子外面の前記正味電荷と反対の符号である、請求項41に記載の微粒子。
- 少なくとも1種の異なる荷電化合物を含む他の単層をさらに含み、前記その他の単層が前記コア微粒子と結合した前記単層の前記正味電荷とは異なる正味電荷を帯びた、請求項41に記載の微粒子。
- 前記その他の単層の前記正味表面電荷が前記コア微粒子と結合した前記単層と反対の符号である、請求項46に記載の微粒子。
- 前記活性薬剤がインシュリンまたはヒト成長ホルモンである、請求項41に記載の微粒子。
- 少なくとも1種の活性薬剤を少なくとも80重量%含む微粒子であって、固体であり、前記微粒子の外面が前記活性薬剤と結合した少なくとも1種の荷電ポリマーを含み、10mM Tris、Brij35 0.05%(w/v)およびNaCl 0.9%(w/v)の水溶液から成る放出緩衝液pH7.4中で、37℃で、in vitro放出を行ったとき、活性薬剤の1時間累積放出率が50%以下を示すことができる微粒子。
- 固体を含むin vivo投与用の微粒子であって、前記微粒子に均一に分布される少なくとも1種のタンパク質性化合物を少なくとも80重量%有し、前記微粒子の外面が前記外面に結合した少なくとも1種の荷電化合物を含み、
投与するとき、前記コア微粒子のCmaxおよびtmaxではないCmaxおよびtmaxを提供する微粒子。 - 前記微粒子外面に結合した前記単層が、正に荷電した高分子電解質、正に荷電したポリアミノ酸および正に荷電した多糖類から本質的に構成された群から選択された正に荷電した化合物を含む、請求項50に記載の微粒子。
- 前記コアに結合した前記単層が、負に荷電した高分子電解質、負に荷電したポリアミノ酸および負に荷電した多糖類から本質的に構成された群から選択された負に荷電した化合物を含む、請求項50に記載の微粒子。
- 前記他の単層が、負に荷電した高分子電解質、負に荷電したポリアミノ酸および負に荷電した多糖類から本質的に構成された群から選択された負に荷電した化合物を含む、請求項51に記載の微粒子。
- 前記他の単層が、正に荷電した高分子電解質、正に荷電したポリアミノ酸および正に荷電した多糖類から本質的に構成された群から選択された正に荷電した化合物を含む、請求項52に記載の微粒子。
- 前記タンパク質性化合物がインシュリンまたはヒト成長ホルモンである、請求項50に記載の微粒子。
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- 2006-04-27 CA CA002604225A patent/CA2604225A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-27 US US11/380,556 patent/US20060260777A1/en not_active Abandoned
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WO2006116546A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
CN101188996B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
MX2007013356A (es) | 2008-03-26 |
EP1885335A1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
AU2006241145A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
CA2604225A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
CN101188996A (zh) | 2008-05-28 |
AU2006241145B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
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