JP2008538257A - 高歪みpecvd窒化シリコン薄膜の低温における製造法 - Google Patents
高歪みpecvd窒化シリコン薄膜の低温における製造法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title abstract description 31
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001289 rapid thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 atomic nitrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 70
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000560 X-ray reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005883 NiSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003811 SiGeC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 アモルファス薄膜ストレッサの応力レベルを、そのストレッサの内部構造を変更することによって上昇させる方法を提供する。この方法は、少なくとも基板(12)の表面上にアモルファス膜ストレッサ材料(14)の第1の部分を初めに形成するステップを含み、ここで前記の第1の部分(18)は第1の応力値を規定する機械的歪みの第1の状態を有する。形成するステップの後、アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の第1の部分は、機械的歪みの第1の状態は実質的に変化させずに第1の応力値を増加させるように、高密度化される(20)。幾つかの実施形態においては、形成するステップ及び高密度化するステップは、ストレッサの予め選択された所望の厚さを得るために何回でも(20、20A、20B)繰り返される。
【選択図】 図5
Description
基板の少なくとも表面の上に、アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の第1の部分であって、第1の応力値を規定する機械的歪みの第1の状態を有する前記の第1の部分を形成するステップと、
アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の第1の部分を、機械的歪みの第1の状態は実質的に変化させずに第1の応力値を増加させるように、高密度化するステップと
を含む。
本発明の方法において、用語「基板」は半導体基板及び/又はFETを含むことが意図されている。
上記の本発明の方法により形成されるストレッサ膜は、随意に、表面高密度化の後に、その機械的歪みを変える(増加させる)既知の方法の1つで処理してさらにその応力を増加させることができる。ストレッサはまた、随意に、リソグラフィ及びエッチングにより、有用なミクロ構造体への効果を最大にするように任意の形態に成形することができる。
本発明のこの時点で形成された堆積時のアモルファス薄膜ストレッサ材料14は、典型的には凡そ1nmから200nmまでの厚さを有し、約20nmから約100nmまでの厚さがより典型的である
この方法に加えて、従来のゲート置き換えプロセスを用いて半導体基板の表面上にFETを形成することができる。
具体的には、本発明のプロセスを用いると、各堆積ステップの間に高密度化を施さない類似の多層膜に比べて、応力値の70%の増加を達成することができる。
SiN膜に活性窒素処理、即ちプラズマ窒化を用いて高密度化を施した。その膜のX線反射率(XRR)データは、各々の個々の層が2つの領域(下部領域、及び下部領域よりも高い密度を有する上部領域)から成ることを示した。以下の表1は、上部領域の密度をまとめたものである。明らかに活性窒素処理は実質的に高密度の上部膜をもたらす。上部領域の厚さは15〜25Åの間と見積られる。処理の最適の継続時間は10秒から60秒までである。この時間範囲を超えて処理時間を長くしても、上部領域の密度には何ら実質的な増加は生じず、膜の厚さ又は応力値を増加させることもなかった。
12:半導体基板
14、16、16A、16B:アモルファス薄膜ストレッサ材料
18、18A、18B:下部領域(非高密度化領域)
20、20A、20B:上部領域(高密度化領域)
50、100:半導体構造体
102:半導体領域
52、104:nFETデバイス領域
54、106:pFETデバイス領域
56、108:絶縁領域
66、120:nFET
68,128:pFET
64、121:スペーサ
58、122:ゲート誘電体
60、124:ゲート導体
125:トランジスタ・チャネル
62、126:ソース/ドレイン拡散領域
16T、130:引張り窒化物ライナ
16C、132:圧縮窒化物ライナ
Claims (30)
- 堆積ストレッサ材料の応力レベルを上昇させる方法であって、
基板(12)の少なくとも表面の上にアモルファス膜ストレッサの第1の部分(16)であって、第1の応力値を規定する機械的歪みの第1の状態を有する前記第1の部分(16)を形成するステップと、
前記機械的歪みの第1の状態は実質的に変化させずに前記第1の応力値を増加させるように、前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の前記第1の部分(16)を高密度化するステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記形成するステップ及び前記高密度化するステップは、予め選択された厚さを有する多層ストレッサ材料を設けるために何回でも繰り返される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料は、窒化物、酸化物、又は金属を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料は水素をさらに含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料は、SiN又は水素を含有するSiNを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記機械的歪みの第1の状態は引張り状態である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記機械的歪みの第1の状態は圧縮状態である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料を形成するステップは、550℃又はそれ以下の温度で実施される堆積プロセスを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記堆積プロセスは、化学気相堆積、プラズマ強化化学気相堆積、又は急速熱化学気相堆積のうちの1つを含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記堆積プロセスはプラズマ強化化学気相堆積である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記高密度化するステップは、プラズマ窒化又は放射照射のうちの1つを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記高密度化するステップは、窒素含有プラズマの存在下において、550℃又はそれ以下の温度で実施されるプラズマ窒化を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記窒素含有プラズマは、原子状窒素、分子状窒素又は原子状窒素イオンのうちの1つを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記プラズマ窒化は、0.5秒から200秒までの時間実施される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記高密度化するステップは、前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料(16)の上部領域(20)と下部領域(18)を形成し、前記上部領域(20)は前記下部領域(18)に比べてより高い密度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記上部領域は、1nmから50nmまでの厚さを有する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記高密度化されたアモルファス・ストレッサ膜材料を成形するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 堆積時のストレッサ材料の応力レベルを上昇させる方法であって、
基板の少なくとも表面上にプラズマ強化化学気相堆積によってアモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の第1の部分であって、第1の応力値を規定する機械的歪みの第1の状態を有する前記第1の部分を形成するステップと、
前記機械的歪みの第1の状態は実質的に変化させずに前記第1の応力値を増加させるように、550℃又はそれ以下の温度におけるプラズマ窒化により、前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の前記第1の部分を高密度化するステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記形成するステップ及び前記高密度化するステップは、予め選択された厚さを有する多層ストレッサ材料を設けるために何回でも繰り返される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料は、窒化物、酸化物、又は金属を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料は水素をさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料は、SiN又は水素を含有するSiNを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記機械的歪みの第1の状態は引張り状態である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記機械的歪みの第1の状態は圧縮状態である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記プラズマ窒化は、原子状窒素、分子状窒素又は原子状窒素イオンのうちの1つを含む窒素含有プラズマの存在下で実施される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記プラズマ窒化は、0.5秒から200秒までの時間実施される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記高密度化するステップは、前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の上部領域と下部領域を形成し、前記上部領域は前記下部領域に比べてより高い密度を有する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記上部領域は、1nmから50nmまでの厚さを有する、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記高密度化されたアモルファス・ストレッサ膜材料を成形するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 半導体構造体を形成する方法であって、
絶縁領域によって隔てられた、少なくとも1つのnFETを含む少なくとも1つのnFET領域と、少なくとも1つのpFETを含む少なくとも1つのpFET領域とを含む半導体基板を準備するステップと、
前記基板の少なくとも表面上並びに前記nFET及びpFETの上に、アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の第1の部分であって、第1の応力値を規定する機械的歪みの第1の状態を有する前記第1の部分を形成するステップと、
前記機械的歪みの第1の状態は実質的に変化させずに前記第1の応力値を増加させるように、前記アモルファス膜ストレッサ材料の前記第1の部分を高密度化するステップと
を含む方法。
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US10/907,454 US7585704B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Method of producing highly strained PECVD silicon nitride thin films at low temperature |
PCT/US2006/011391 WO2006107669A2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2006-03-29 | Method of producing highly strained pecvd silicon nitride thin films at low temperature |
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JP (1) | JP4818352B2 (ja) |
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2006
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