JP2007111695A - 一酸化炭素酸化触媒とその製造方法、燃料処理装置及び燃料電池システム - Google Patents
一酸化炭素酸化触媒とその製造方法、燃料処理装置及び燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- carbon monoxide
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 61
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002845 Pt–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910018883 Pt—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940018951 carbon dioxide 20 % Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、白金及び遷移金属がバイメタル相に存在し、バイメタルがγ−アルミナ担持体に担持されており、バイメタルの遷移金属が還元された状態にある一酸化炭素酸化触媒である。したがって、本発明の一酸化炭素酸化触媒は、低温でも反応活性が優秀であることはもとより、反応選択性が優秀であり、再酸化及びメタン化が起こらないため、燃料から一酸化炭素をさらに効率的に除去しうる。
【選択図】図2
Description
Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2 0.207g、Ni(NO3)2・6H2O 1.553g及びγ− Al2O3 10gを水50mLに入れて6時間攪拌して均一な混合物を製造した。前記混合物を60℃で真空乾燥を通じて溶媒を除去した後、110℃のオーブンで12時間乾燥させ、空気雰囲気で350℃の温度で2時間焼成させた。焼成が完了した試料を再び水素雰囲気のオーブンで300℃の温度で2時間還元させてPt−Ni/γ−Al2O3を製造した。
Ni(NO3)2・6H2Oの代わりにCo(NO3)2・6H2O 1.554gを使用した点を除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法でPt−Co/γ−Al2O3を製造した。
Ni(NO3)2・6H2Oの代わりにCu(NO3)2・H2O 1.004gを使用した点を除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法でPt−Cu/γ−Al2O3を製造した。
Ni(NO3)2・6H2Oの代わりにFe(NO3)2・9H2O 2.154gを使用した点を除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法でPt−Fe/γ−Al2O3を製造した。
Ni(NO3)2・6H2Oを入れない点を除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法でPt/γ−Al2O3を製造した。
Ni(NO3)2・6H2Oの代わりにCe(NO3)2・6H2O 2.424gを使用した点を除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法でPt−Ce/γ−Al2O3を製造した。
γ−Al2O3の代わりにジルコニア10gを使用した点を除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法でPt−Ni/ZrO2を製造した。
γ−Al2O3の代わりにチタニア10gを使用した点を除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法でPt−Ni/TiO2を製造した。
Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2 0.207g及びγ−Al2O3 10gを水50mLに入れて4時間攪拌して均一な混合物を製造した。前記混合物を60℃で真空乾燥を通じて溶媒を除去した後、110℃のオーブンで12時間乾燥させ、空気雰囲気で500℃の温度で4時間焼成させた。
Ni(NO3)2・6H2O 1.553g及びγ−Al2O3 10gを水50mLに入れて4時間攪拌して均一な混合物を製造した。その後、前記混合物を110℃のオーブンで12時間乾燥させ、空気雰囲気で500℃の温度で4時間焼成させた。
Claims (13)
- 白金及び遷移金属がバイメタル相に存在し、前記バイメタルがγ−アルミナ担持体に担持されており、前記バイメタル相中の遷移金属が還元された状態にあることを特徴とする、一酸化炭素酸化触媒。
- 前記バイメタル相の一酸化炭素酸化触媒は、前記バイメタル担持体の昇温還元分析時に130℃〜180℃の温度でピークを有し、昇温酸化分析時に500℃まで再酸化されないことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒。
- 前記遷移金属は、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、銅(Cu)、及び鉄(Fe)のうちから選択される何れか一つであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒。
- 白金に対する遷移金属の原子比は、0.5〜20.0であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒。
- 前記一酸化炭素酸化触媒の質量を基準として白金の含量は、0.3質量%〜5質量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒。
- (a)白金前駆体、遷移金属前駆体、及びγ−アルミナ担持体を分散媒に入れて均一に混合するステップと、
(b)前記混合物を乾燥させるステップと、
(c)乾燥された結果物を焼成するステップと、
(d)焼成された結果物を還元させるステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする、一酸化炭素酸化触媒の製造方法。 - 白金に対する遷移金属の原子比が0.5〜20.0となるように、白金前駆体及び遷移金属前駆体の質量比を調節することを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒の製造方法。
- 前記焼成は、300℃〜500℃の温度で1時間〜12時間行われることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒の製造方法。
- 前記還元は、150℃〜500℃の温度で1時間〜12時間行われることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒の製造方法。
- 前記白金前駆体は、Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒の製造方法。
- 前記遷移金属前駆体は、Ni(NO3)2・6H2O、Co(NO3)2・6H2O、Cu(NO3)2・H2OまたはFe(NO3)2・9H2Oであることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒の製造方法。
- 請求項1から5のうち何れか1項に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒を含む、燃料処理装置。
- 請求項1から5のうち何れか1項に記載の一酸化炭素酸化触媒を含む、燃料電池システム。
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