JP2006525381A - 穀物β−グルカンの改良された抽出及び精製方法 - Google Patents
穀物β−グルカンの改良された抽出及び精製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006525381A JP2006525381A JP2006504133A JP2006504133A JP2006525381A JP 2006525381 A JP2006525381 A JP 2006525381A JP 2006504133 A JP2006504133 A JP 2006504133A JP 2006504133 A JP2006504133 A JP 2006504133A JP 2006525381 A JP2006525381 A JP 2006525381A
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- glucan
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- cereal
- grain
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Abstract
Description
(i)粉砕された穀粒又は穀粒のうち粉砕された部分をアルカリ性溶液で抽出して、少なくとも約0.4重量%のβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを含有する抽出物を調製するステップと、
(ii)抽出物から不溶物を除去し、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップと、
(iii)約10%から約25%(w/w)のC1〜C4アルコールを精製抽出物に添加してβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させるステップと、
(iv)β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離するステップと
を含む方法を提供する。
凝集剤(flocculant)、凝固剤(coagulant)又は凝集剤と凝固剤の両方を抽出物に添加して、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を凝固させ、凝固物を抽出物から除去する1つ又は複数のステップと、
抽出物中のデンプン質を消化するステップと、
粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を抽出物からろ過除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップと
を含む。
(i)粉砕された穀粒又は穀粒のうち粉砕された部分をアルカリ性溶液で抽出して、少なくとも約0.4重量%のβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを含有する抽出物を調製するステップと、
(ii)抽出物から不溶物を除去し、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップであって、粒状物を除去するステップが、
凝集剤、凝固剤又は凝集剤と凝固剤の両方を抽出物に添加して、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を凝固させ、凝固物を抽出物から除去する1つ又は複数のステップと、
抽出物中のデンプン質を酵素により消化するステップと、
粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を抽出物からろ過除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップと
を含むステップと、
(iii)約10%から約25%(w/w)のC1〜C4アルコールを精製抽出物に添加してβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させるステップと、
(iv)β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離するステップと
を含む方法を提供する。
本発明の記述においては以下の用語が使用され、それらは以下のように定義されるものとする。
(i)粉砕された穀粒又は穀粒のうち粉砕された部分をアルカリ性溶液で抽出して、少なくとも約0.4重量%のβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを含有する抽出物を調製するステップと、
(ii)抽出物から不溶物を除去し、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップと、
(iii)約10%から約25%(w/w)のC1〜C4アルコールを精製抽出物に添加してβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させるステップと、
(iv)β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離するステップと
を含む方法を提供する。
・ 約200cPから約1500cP、より具体的には約1000cPから約1500cPの粘度
・ 約5NTU(公称混濁単位)から約100NTU、より具体的には約5NTUから約40NTUの透明度
・ 約0.02%から約0.2%、より具体的には約0.02%から約0.07%の灰濃度
・ 約0.02%から約0.2%、より具体的には約0.02%から約0.07%のタンパク質濃度
・ 約0.005%から約0.1%、より具体的には約0.005%から約0.02%の脂質濃度
有効量のβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカン、及び
有効量の植物性抽出物又は医薬活性剤
を含む医薬組成物が提供される。
オートムギ糠(The Quaker Oats Company)を、アルカリ性逆浸透(RO)水を用いてpH約9.5で最終固形濃度4%から10%にスラリー化した。温度を45℃±5℃に維持した。穀物β−グルカンをオートムギ糠から30分間にわたって抽出した。この時間の後に、デカンター遠心分離機を用いた遠心分離によって固体を除去した。その分離液を室温に冷却し、陽イオン性凝集剤SURFLOC(登録商標)34030(Jes-Chem Ltd.)を0.2%濃度で添加した。20分間のインキュベーション後に、凝固した粒状物を、ディスクスタック遠心分離機を用いた遠心分離によって除去した。分離液のpHをほぼ中性に調節し、>72℃に加熱してデンプンをゼラチン化し、熱に安定なアミラーゼTermamyl(登録商標)LC(Novozymes A/S)で処理した。溶液がヨウ素試験で陽性をもはや示さなくなったときに、pHを約4.0に低下させて酵素を不活性化させ、混合物を85℃に30分間加熱して存在するタンパク質を変性させた。溶液を4℃に1時間冷却し、次いで温度約72℃に加熱した。当量のCELITE(登録商標)C300(World Minerals)を溶液に添加し、次いで、25μmろ紙を備え、CELITE(登録商標)C65(World Minerals)を用いて約4mmの厚さにプレコートしたフィルタープレスによってその混合物をろ過した。フィルタープレスを温度約65℃に予熱し、フィルタープレスの供給流のpHを4.5に調節した後に、β−グルカン溶液をろ過した。β−グルカン溶液をフィルターに通した後に、フィルタープレスに逆浸透水を流して透明な淡黄色β−グルカン溶液を得た。β−グルカン溶液を5℃に冷却し、撹拌しながら温度−20℃の95%エタノールを添加して最終体積約15%(w/w)とした。β−グルカン懸濁液が形成され、ディスクスタック遠心分離機を用いた遠心分離によって溶液からすぐに分離された。単離された固体β−グルカンを45℃のRO水に添加し、分散させ、次いで60℃〜70℃に加熱して約1%のβ−グルカンを含有する透明無色溶液が生成した。分離されたβ−グルカンは無色であり、純度が75%を超え、粘度が>500cPであり、濁度計を用いて測定された除外透明度(exception clarity)が<50NTUであった。
形成外科を受けた5人の健康なドナーからインフォームドコンセントの下にヒト腹部皮膚を入手した。各患者の皮膚を皮下脂肪から切り離し、3個の切片に切断した。皮膚切片を液体窒素で凍結させ、25kGyの線量のガンマ線照射によって終夜滅菌した。照射された試料を、受容体培地を含む20mL体積のFRANZ-CELL(登録商標)様かん流チャンバ(PHACOCELL(登録商標)、PhaCos GmbH、D-82131-Gauting、Germany;Artmann, C. W. In vitro percutaneous absorption into human skin, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 28, 1-5 (1996)参照)に各々取り付けた。照射された皮膚試料を、少量アプリケーター(microdose applicator)を用いて5mg/cm2の投与量の組成物1455、組成物1450又は対照組成物で被覆した。組成物1455及び1450は、本発明による単離方法によって調製されたβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンをそれぞれ5%及び50%含有する水系組成物であった(実施例1参照)。対照組成物は、β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを含まない水系組成物であった。皮膚組織を徹底かつ一様に確実に水洗するために、チャンバは充填中に気泡を含まないように維持した。チャンバ内外の圧力補正及び一定の空気湿度は換気によって実施した。皮膚温度は温度センサーを用いて監視し、皮膚切片の含水量はコルネオメーターを用いて監視した。培地は36℃に調節し、連続循環した。皮膚の水分は約65コルネオメーター単位に維持し、皮膚表面温度は換気チャネルによって32℃に維持した。上記状態は、チャンバ底部の加熱プレート及び空気管を用いることによって、かつチャンバ中の気流を調節することによって培地の温度を調節して維持した。皮膚切片には、皮膚切片の下部表面を洗い流す均一な循環培養液を供給した。全試料に対する適用面積は10cm2に固定した。皮膚試料を非閉塞(開放)条件下で8時間インキュベートした。
Claims (24)
- 粉砕された穀粒又は穀粒のうち粉砕された部分からβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離する方法であって、
(i)前記粉砕された穀粒又は前記穀粒のうち粉砕された部分をアルカリ性溶液で抽出して、少なくとも約0.4重量%のβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを含有する抽出物を調製するステップと、
(ii)前記抽出物から不溶物を除去し、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップと、
(iii)約10%から約25%(w/w)のC1〜C4アルコールを前記精製抽出物に添加して前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させるステップと、
(iv)前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離するステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記添加ステップ(ステップiii)において、メタノール、エタノール及びイソプロパノールからなる群から選択される約10%から約20%(w/w)のアルコールを使用して、前記精製抽出物から前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 約10%から約20%(w/w)のエタノールを使用して前記精製抽出物から前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 粒状物を除去する前記ステップが、
凝集剤、凝固剤又は凝集剤と凝固剤の両方を前記抽出物に添加して、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を凝固させ、凝固物を前記抽出物から除去する1つ又は複数のステップと、
前記抽出物中のデンプン質を消化するステップと、
粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を前記抽出物からろ過除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップと
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記消化ステップにおいて、前記デンプン質を酵素によって消化する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記デンプン質を消化する前に前記アルカリ性溶液を中和する、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記デンプン質の消化後に前記酵素を不活性化する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記中和溶液を酸性化することによって前記酵素を不活性化する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素がアミラーゼである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記アミラーゼがカルシウム補因子を必要としない、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記穀物が、オオムギの栽培品種、オートムギの栽培品種、コムギの栽培品種、ライムギの栽培品種、モロコシの栽培品種、キビの栽培品種及びトウモロコシの栽培品種からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルカリ性溶液のpHが約9から約10である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記抽出ステップ(ステップi)を約15分間から約45分間実施する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記添加ステップ(ステップiii)を約1℃から約10℃の温度で実施する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- さらに、前記単離β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを水溶液に溶解し、約10%から約25%(w/w)のC1〜C4アルコールを前記水溶液に添加することによって前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させ、前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離する1つ又は複数のステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 粉砕された穀粒又は穀粒のうち粉砕された部分からβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離する方法であって、
(i)粉砕された穀粒又は穀粒のうち粉砕された部分をアルカリ性溶液で抽出して、少なくとも約0.4重量%のβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを含有する抽出物を調製するステップと、
(ii)前記抽出物から不溶物を除去し、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を除去して精製抽出物を調製するステップであって、粒状物を除去する前記ステップが、
凝集剤、凝固剤又は凝集剤と凝固剤の両方を前記抽出物に添加して、粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を凝固させ、凝固物を前記抽出物から除去する1つ又は複数のステップと、
前記抽出物中のデンプン質を酵素により消化するステップと、
粒径が約0.2μmを超える粒状物を前記抽出物からろ過除去して前記精製抽出物を調製するステップと
を含むステップと、
(iii)約10%から約25%(w/w)のC1〜C4アルコールを前記精製抽出物に添加して前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを沈殿させるステップと、
(iv)前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを単離するステップと
を含む方法。 - β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンを含む組成物であって、少なくとも約75%の純度を有し、10%未満の灰不純物、10%未満のタンパク質不純物及び5%未満の脂質不純物を含む、組成物。
- 透明度が約5NTUから約100NTUである、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカン及び約1重量%から約40重量%の凝固点降下剤を含む組成物。
- 前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンが約1.2重量%から約1.6重量%の量で存在する、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンが約1.2重量%から約1.3重量%の量で存在する、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 前記凝固点降下剤が、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、ブチレングリコール及びペンチレングリコールからなる群から選択される、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカンが、少なくとも約75%の純度を有し、10%未満の灰不純物、10%未満のタンパク質不純物及び5%未満の脂質不純物を含むβ(1−3)β(1−4)グルカン組成物である、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 前記β(1−3)β(1−4)グルカン組成物が、約5NTUから約100NTUの透明度を有する、請求項23に記載の組成物。
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- 2004-04-30 EP EP04730431.6A patent/EP1622627B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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JP2010526810A (ja) * | 2007-05-08 | 2010-08-05 | バイオポリマー エンジニアリング インコーポレイテッド ディービーエイ バイオセラ インコーポレイテッド | 微粒子−可溶性グルカン調製物 |
JP2012528885A (ja) * | 2009-06-04 | 2012-11-15 | ゲノマチカ, インク. | 発酵ブロスの成分を分離する方法 |
Also Published As
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CA2522739C (en) | 2014-04-29 |
CA2523021A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
JP2006525237A (ja) | 2006-11-09 |
DK1622627T3 (da) | 2013-08-05 |
PL1622627T3 (pl) | 2013-11-29 |
WO2004096242A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
JP4892337B2 (ja) | 2012-03-07 |
US20060122149A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1620469A2 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
AU2004234192B2 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
CA2523021C (en) | 2013-06-11 |
WO2004096862A2 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
ES2413007T3 (es) | 2013-07-15 |
JP4700601B2 (ja) | 2011-06-15 |
JP5461489B2 (ja) | 2014-04-02 |
EP1622627A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
PT1620469E (pt) | 2013-05-07 |
AU2004234192A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
AU2004233913A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
EP2517717A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
ES2423214T3 (es) | 2013-09-18 |
JP2012006960A (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
WO2004096862B1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
AU2004233913B2 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
WO2004096862A3 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
PL1620469T3 (pl) | 2013-09-30 |
EP1620469B1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
EP1622627B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
PT1622627E (pt) | 2013-06-04 |
CA2522739A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
DK1620469T3 (da) | 2013-05-13 |
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