JP2006523596A - 水素、及び水素と一酸化炭素との混合物の製造方法 - Google Patents
水素、及び水素と一酸化炭素との混合物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】(a)700℃より高い温度を有する、水素と一酸化炭素との混合物を製造する工程51、(b)炭素質供給原料を対流式水蒸気改質帯中で接触水蒸気改質して、別々の生成物として、水素対COモル比が2を超える水蒸気改質生成物及び工程(a)の冷却流出流を得る工程であって、該水蒸気改質反応に必要な熱は該水蒸気改質帯44と、工程(a)の流出流との対流式熱交換により供給される該工程、及び(c)該水蒸気改質生成物から水素を分離する工程を行うことにより、水素、及び水素と一酸化炭素との混合物含有ガスを製造する方法。
Description
本発明は、水素、及び水素と一酸化炭素との混合物の製造方法に向けたものである。
EP−A−168892には、少なくとも1つのパイプ内に配置した固定床中で吸熱水蒸気改質反応を行う方法が記載されている。パイプ内の温度は800〜950℃で、この温度は、部分酸化反応の熱生成物ガスの少なくとも一部に対しパイプ沿いに道筋を定めることにより維持される。この文献による合成ガスの部分酸化と吸熱製造とを組合わせた方法では、(部分酸化法に比べて)合成ガスの収率が向上し、H2/CO比が増大し、得られる合成ガス生成物1m3当りの酸素使用量が低下し、またCO及びH2を含有するガス混合物の製造プラントの資本コストが低下する。
WO−A−8801983は、反応管の加熱に使用される熱ガスを容器下部の加熱用ガスの燃焼で作る対流式水蒸気改質反応容器を開示している。
以下の工程:
(a)700℃より高い温度を有する、水素と一酸化炭素との混合物を製造する工程、
(b)炭素質供給原料を対流式水蒸気改質帯中で接触水蒸気改質して、別々の生成物として、水素対COモル比が2を超える水蒸気改質生成物及び工程(a)の冷却流出流を得る工程であって、該水蒸気改質反応に必要な熱は該水蒸気改質帯と、工程(a)の流出流との対流式熱交換により供給される該工程、及び
(c)該水蒸気改質生成物から水素を分離する工程、
を行うことにより、炭素質供給原料から水素、及び水素と一酸化炭素との混合物含有ガスを製造する方法。
図1は、部分酸化反応器と対流式水蒸気改質反応容器との組合わせを示す。
図2は、図1の設備、フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成及びその下流の幾つかの単位操作を含む統合方法を示す。
工程(a)は、工程(b)における対流式水蒸気改質帯に必要な熱を供給するため、所要の熱容量を有する、水素と一酸化炭素との混合物を生成するいかなる方法で行ってもよい。
工程(a)は、炭化水素供給原料を複数の水蒸気改質触媒充填管に通し、必要な熱は、これら反応管外側のバーナーにより供給する従来周知の水蒸気改質器で行ってよい。このような水蒸気改質法工程の例は、例えばWO−A−9315999及びEP−A−171786に記載されている。供給原料は、好ましくは天然ガスのようなメタン含有供給原料である。
工程(b)は、CSR反応器中で水蒸気及びガス状炭化水素原料を好適な改質触媒と接触させる周知の水蒸気改質法で行ってよい。対流式水蒸気反応帯は、好ましくは1つ以上の改質触媒含有管を備えた管状反応器で構成される。このような反応器の各種設計は公知で、本発明に好適である。これら反応器の例は、WO−A−0137982、EP−A−983964又はWO−A−8801983に記載されている。
このような再循環流に存在する二酸化炭素の一部又は全部は、工程(a)に供給する前に再循環流から任意に分離する。二酸化炭素の一部は、好適には工程(a)に供給してよい。
42 出口
43 工程(b)の原料
44 対流式(又は自熱式)水蒸気改質反応容器
50 炭素質原料
50’ 酸素含有ガス
51 部分酸化反応器
52 バーナー
53 後改質触媒床
54 ガス状再循環流
55 水蒸気改質生成物
55’ 水蒸気改質生成物又は水蒸気改質生成物と部分酸化反応のガス状生成物との混合
56 工程(c)で得られるメタン含有量の少ない流れ
60 水蒸気改質生成物の一部
61 水素回収ユニット
62 水素
63 最終合成ガス生成物又は合成ガス
64 フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成法ユニット
65 炭化水素生成物又はフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物
66 水素化処理ユニット
Claims (11)
- 以下の工程:
(a)700℃より高い温度を有する、水素と一酸化炭素との混合物を製造する工程、
(b)炭素質供給原料を対流式水蒸気改質帯中で接触水蒸気改質して、別々の生成物として、水素対COモル比が2を超える水蒸気改質生成物及び工程(a)の冷却流出流を得る工程であって、該水蒸気改質反応に必要な熱は該水蒸気改質帯と、工程(a)の流出流との対流式熱交換により供給される該工程、及び
(c)該水蒸気改質生成物から水素を分離する工程、
を行うことにより、炭素質供給原料から水素、及び水素と一酸化炭素との混合物含有ガスを製造する方法。 - 前記水蒸気改質生成物の水素対COモル比が3〜6である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水素が膜分離、圧力スイング吸収工程、又は膜分離後、引き続く圧力スイング吸収工程により単離される請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)で得られた前記水蒸気改質生成物の一部が、工程(a)において、該水蒸気改質生成物を酸素供給源で部分酸化する自熱式改質器の供給原料として使用される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)が炭素質原料と酸素との無触媒部分酸化により行われる請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 工程(b)で得られた前記水蒸気改質生成物の残部及び工程(a)の冷却流出流が工程(b)の水蒸気改質反応帯に熱を供給した後、組み合わされる請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記水蒸気改質生成物の残部が工程(a)に供給される請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記水蒸気改質生成物の残部が部分酸化の流出流と混合して、該部分酸化流出流の温度が250〜500℃温度低下するように、該残部流が工程(a)に供給される請求項7に記載の方法。
- 水蒸気改質反応を行うのに必要な熱を供給するため、前記温度低下した混合物を工程(b)で使用する前に、該混合物に対し接触後改質工程を施す請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記対流式水蒸気改質帯が、改質触媒を含有する1つ以上の管を備えた管状反応器で構成される請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記得られた一酸化炭素と水素との混合物がフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成用の供給原料として使用され、かつ工程(c)で得られた水素が、該フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導パラフィン供給原料を水素化生成物、水素化異性化生成物及び/又は接触脱蝋生成物に転化する水素化転化法に使用される請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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2004
- 2004-04-13 JP JP2006505548A patent/JP2006523597A/ja active Pending
- 2004-04-13 WO PCT/EP2004/050500 patent/WO2004092061A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2004-04-13 US US10/552,854 patent/US7550635B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-13 EP EP04727023A patent/EP1622829A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-13 WO PCT/EP2004/050499 patent/WO2004092060A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2004-04-13 US US10/553,164 patent/US20060260194A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-13 JP JP2006505545A patent/JP2006523595A/ja active Pending
- 2004-04-13 CN CNA2004800100803A patent/CN1774391A/zh active Pending
- 2004-04-13 CN CNA2004800100822A patent/CN1774393A/zh active Pending
- 2004-04-13 JP JP2006505546A patent/JP2006523596A/ja active Pending
- 2004-04-13 EP EP04727021A patent/EP1613552A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-13 JP JP2006505550A patent/JP2006523598A/ja active Pending
- 2004-04-13 US US10/552,553 patent/US7462209B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-13 CN CNB2004800100818A patent/CN100381353C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-13 WO PCT/EP2004/050502 patent/WO2004092062A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-04-13 WO PCT/EP2004/050504 patent/WO2004092063A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-04-13 CN CNA2004800100790A patent/CN1832900A/zh active Pending
- 2004-04-13 EP EP04727022A patent/EP1622828A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-13 US US10/552,551 patent/US20080028680A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-13 KR KR1020057019714A patent/KR20050120719A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-04-13 EP EP04727011A patent/EP1622827A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2008
- 2008-11-03 US US12/264,121 patent/US8986631B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1613552A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 |
US20090126272A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
US8986631B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 |
WO2004092062A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
JP2006523597A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
US20060260194A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
US20070140954A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
WO2004092060A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
US20080028680A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
KR20050120719A (ko) | 2005-12-22 |
CN1832900A (zh) | 2006-09-13 |
EP1622827A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
WO2004092063A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
CN1774392A (zh) | 2006-05-17 |
US7462209B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
CN100381353C (zh) | 2008-04-16 |
CN1774393A (zh) | 2006-05-17 |
US7550635B2 (en) | 2009-06-23 |
EP1622828A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
EP1622829A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
JP2006523598A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
JP2006523595A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
WO2004092061A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
US20060191201A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
CN1774391A (zh) | 2006-05-17 |
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