JP2005248765A - エンジンの排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
エンジンの排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005248765A JP2005248765A JP2004058066A JP2004058066A JP2005248765A JP 2005248765 A JP2005248765 A JP 2005248765A JP 2004058066 A JP2004058066 A JP 2004058066A JP 2004058066 A JP2004058066 A JP 2004058066A JP 2005248765 A JP2005248765 A JP 2005248765A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- flow path
- exhaust gas
- filter
- reduction catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 161
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000145845 chattering Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
- F01N2410/04—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device during regeneration period, e.g. of particle filter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
- F01N2430/08—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
- F01N2430/08—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing
- F01N2430/085—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing at least a part of the injection taking place during expansion or exhaust stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 エンジン2の排気通路6に介装される連続再生式DPF7と、その下流側に介装されるNOx還元触媒8と、NOx還元触媒8をバイパスするバイパス通路15と、連続再生式DPF7通過後の排気がNOx還元触媒8又はバイパス通路15のいずれか一方に導入されるように排気流路を切り換える第1の切換バルブ16と、連続再生式DPF7下流における排気温度を検出する温度センサ18と、温度センサ18により検出された排気温度が第1の所定値より高くなったときに、連続再生式DPF7通過後の排気がバイパス通路15へと導入されるように、第1の切換バルブ16により排気流路を切り換えるコントローラ19と、を含んでエンジンの排気浄化装置を構成する。これにより、第1の所定値より高温の排気はバイパス通路15へと導入され、高温の排気がNOx還元触媒8に導入されることを防止できる。
【選択図】 図1
Description
かかる排気浄化装置は、エンジンの排気通路に、排気中のPMを捕集除去するフィルタが設けられるとともに、フィルタの下流にNOxを還元浄化する還元触媒が設けられている。更に、捕集したPMが堆積して目詰まりが進行しないように、例えばエンジンの燃料噴射時期を調整することにより排気温度を上昇させたり、電気ヒータやバーナによってフィルタを加熱したりすることによって、PMを燃焼除去する強制再生装置を備えている。
そこで、本発明は、以上のような従来の問題点に鑑み、高温の排気が還元触媒に導入されないようにして、還元触媒の劣化を抑制させるエンジンの排気浄化装置を提供することを目的とする。
請求項6に記載の発明では、前記フィルタ下流における排気温度を検出する排気温度検出手段を備え、前記第2の排気流路制御手段は、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように排気流路を切り換えた後、前記強制再生手段の作動が停止し、かつ、前記排気温度検出手段により検出された排気温度が第2の所定値未満となったときに、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記還元触媒へと導入されるように、前記第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えることを特徴とする。
請求項4に記載の発明によれば、第2の排気流路制御手段は、強制再生手段が作動中のときに、フィルタを通過した排気がバイパス通路へと導入されるように、第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えるので、強制再生手段が作動することによりフィルタを通過して高温となった排気が還元触媒に導入されることを防止できる。これにより、高温の排気が還元触媒に導入されることによる還元触媒の劣化を防止できる。
請求項6に記載の発明によれば、フィルタを通過した排気がバイパス通路へと導入された後、強制再生手段が停止し、かつ、フィルタ下流の排気温度が第2の所定値未満となったときに、フィルタを通過した排気が還元触媒へと導入される。これにより、強制再生手段の停止直後に第2の所定値以上の温度の排気が還元触媒に導入されることを防止できる。
請求項9に記載の発明によれば、エンジンの運転状態に応じて還元触媒の排気上流に還元剤が噴射供給されるので、還元触媒において排気中の窒素酸化物が効率よく還元除去される。更に、フィルタを通過した排気がバイパス通路へと導入されたときに還元剤の噴射が停止するので、還元剤の無駄な噴射が抑制され、還元触媒の排気上流に還元剤が溜まることが抑制されるとともに、還元剤の消費量を抑制できる。
図1は、ターボチャージャー1を有するディーゼルエンジン2(以下「エンジン」という)に本発明の排気浄化装置を適用した構成図である。
エンジン2の吸気通路3には、吸気上流より順番に、外気から塵埃等の不純物を取り除くエアクリーナ4、ターボチャージャー1を構成するコンプレッサ1a、吸気を冷却するインタークーラー5が夫々介装されている。
連続再生式DPF7は、酸化触媒9とフィルタ10とを有しており、酸化触媒9にて排気中の一酸化窒素を酸化した二酸化窒素を用いてフィルタ10に捕集されたPMを二酸化炭素にすることによりフィルタ10を連続的に再生しつつ、排気からPMを連続的に除去する。更に、排気が低温であるときのために、例えばエンジン2の燃料噴射時期を調整して排気を高温にすることにより、酸化触媒9を活性化して二酸化窒素の発生量を増加させ、フィルタ10の再生を促進させる強制再生装置(強制再生手段)が設けられている。
始めにステップ1(図ではS1と表記する、以下同様)では、温度センサ18から排気温度Taを入力する。
ステップ4では、還元剤噴射制御を停止させるように、還元剤供給コントローラ14に停止信号を出力する。
ステップ5では、温度センサ18から排気温度Tbを入力する。
ステップ7では、連続再生式DPF7から排出された排気がNOx還元触媒8を通過するように第1の切換バルブ16及び第2の切換バルブ17を夫々制御する。
次に、以上のような構成の排気浄化装置の作用について説明する。
エンジン2の排気は、排気通路6を通って、連続再生式DPF7へと導かれ、連続再生式DPF7を通過することにより排気中のPMが除去される。そして、コントローラ19は、温度センサ18から連続再生式DPF7下流における排気温度を入力して、排気温度が第1の所定値T1より高くなるまでは、第1の切換バルブ16及び第2の切換バルブ17を夫々非作動状態のまま保持するので、連続再生式DPF7を通過した排気は、NOx還元触媒8を通過する。このとき、エンジン2の運転状態に応じて噴射ノズル11から尿素水溶液が噴射されるので、NOx還元触媒8において、排気中のNOxが還元浄化される。
始めにステップ10では、CANを介して強制再生装置の作動信号を入力する。
ステップ11では、ステップ10にて入力した作動信号から、強制再生装置が作動中であるか否かを判定する。強制再生装置が作動中であるときには、ステップ12に進む。強制再生装置が停止しているときには、ステップ10に戻る。
ステップ13では、還元剤噴射制御を停止させるように、還元剤供給コントローラ14に停止信号を出力する。
ステップ14では、CANを介して強制再生装置の作動信号を入力する。
ステップ16では、温度センサ18から連続再生式DPF7通過後の排気温度Tbを入力する。
ステップ18では、連続再生式DPF7を通過した排気がNOx還元触媒8を通過するように第1の切換バルブ16及び第2の切換バルブ17を夫々制御する。
このような構成により、本実施形態の排気浄化装置では、強制再生装置が作動するまでは、コントローラ19は、第1の切換バルブ16及び第2の切換バルブ17を夫々非作動状態のまま保持するので、連続再生式DPF7を通過した排気は、NOx還元触媒8を通過し、NOxが還元浄化される。ここで、強制再生装置が作動すると、コントローラ19は、連続再生式DPF7を通過した排気がバイパス通路15を通過するように、第1の切換バルブ16及び第2の切換バルブ17を夫々制御するので、NOx還元触媒8が劣化するような高温の排気がNOx還元触媒8に導入されることが防止される。
ステップ15にて強制再生装置が停止していると判定された後に行われるステップ20では、タイマーをリセットした後スタートさせる。
ステップ22では、ステップ21にて入力した経過時間Tiが所定時間T3より長いか否かを判定する。経過時間Tiが所定時間T3より長いときには、ステップ23に進む。経過時間Tiが所定時間T3以下であるときには、ステップ21に戻る。なお、所定時間T3は、強制再生装置が停止してからNOx還元触媒8に導入される排気の温度が確実に第2の所定値T2より低くなるまでの時間に設定すればよい。
ステップ24では、還元剤噴射制御を再開させるように、還元剤供給コントローラ14に復帰信号を出力する。そして、ENDに進む。
このような構成により、強制再生装置が停止してから所定時間T3経過した後に、連続再生式DPF7を通過した排気がNOx還元触媒8を通過するように、第1の切換バルブ16及び第2の切換バルブ17が夫々制御される。このとき、所定時間T3は、強制再生装置が停止してからNOx還元触媒8に導入される排気が確実に第1の所定値T1より低くなるまでの時間に設定されているので、NOx還元触媒8に高温の排気が導入されることがなく、NOx還元触媒8が排気熱により劣化することを防止できる。
6 排気通路
7 連続式DPF
8 NOx還元触媒
11 噴射ノズル
12 還元剤供給装置
13 タンク
14 還元剤供給コントローラ
15 バイパス通路
16 第1の切換バルブ
17 第2の切換バルブ
18 温度センサ
19 コントローラ
Claims (9)
- エンジンの排気通路に介装され、排気中の粒子状物質を捕集するフィルタと、
前記フィルタの下流側に介装され、排気中の窒素酸化物を還元除去する還元触媒と、
前記還元触媒をバイパスするバイパス通路と、
前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記還元触媒または前記バイパス通路のいずれか一方に導入されるように排気流路を切り換える第1の排気流路切換手段と、
前記フィルタ下流における排気温度を検出する排気温度検出手段と、
前記排気温度検出手段により検出された排気温度が第1の所定値より高くなったときに、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように、前記第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換える第1の排気流路制御手段と、
を含んで構成されたことを特徴とするエンジンの排気浄化装置。 - 前記第1の排気流路制御手段は、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように排気流路を切り換えた後、前記排気温度検出手段により検出された排気温度が前記第1の所定値より低い第2の所定値未満となったときに、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記還元触媒へと導入されるように、前記第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエンジンの排気浄化装置。
- 前記還元触媒または前記バイパス通路を通過した排気を選択的に前記排気通路に合流させる第2の排気流路切換手段を備え、
前記第1の排気流路制御手段は、前記第1の排気流路切換手段による排気流路の切り換えに同期して、前記バイパス通路を通過した排気が前記排気通路へ合流するように、前記第2の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のエンジンの排気浄化装置。 - エンジンの排気通路に介装され、排気中の粒子状物質を捕集するフィルタと、
前記フィルタの下流側に介装され、排気中の窒素酸化物を還元除去する還元触媒と、
前記還元触媒をバイパスするバイパス通路と、
前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記還元触媒または前記バイパス通路のいずれか一方に導入されるように排気流路を切り換える第1の排気流路切換手段と、
前記フィルタで捕集された前記粒子状物質を焼却して前記フィルタを強制的に再生する強制再生手段と、
前記強制再生手段が作動中のときに、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように、前記第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換える第2の排気流路制御手段と、
を含んで構成されたことを特徴とするエンジンの排気浄化装置。 - 前記第2の排気流路制御手段は、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように排気流路を切り換えた後、前記強制再生手段の作動が停止したときに、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記還元触媒へと導入されるように、前記第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のエンジンの排気浄化装置。
- 前記フィルタ下流における排気温度を検出する排気温度検出手段を備え、
前記第2の排気流路制御手段は、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように排気流路を切り換えた後、前記強制再生手段の作動が停止し、かつ、前記排気温度検出手段により検出された排気温度が第2の所定値未満となったときに、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記還元触媒へと導入されるように、前記第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のエンジンの排気浄化装置。 - 前記第2の排気流路制御手段は、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように排気流路を切り換えた後、前記強制再生手段の作動が停止してから所定時間経過したときに、前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記還元触媒へと導入されるように、前記第1の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のエンジンの排気浄化装置。
- 前記還元触媒または前記バイパス通路を通過した排気を選択的に前記排気通路に合流させる第2の排気流路切換手段を備え、
前記第2の排気流路制御手段は、前記第1の排気流路切換手段による排気流路の切り換えに同期して、前記バイパス通路を通過した排気が前記排気通路へ合流するように、前記第2の排気流路切換手段により排気流路を切り換えることを特徴とする請求項4〜7のいずれか1つに記載のエンジンの排気浄化装置。 - 前記エンジンの運転状態に応じて前記還元触媒の排気上流に還元剤を噴射供給する還元剤噴射手段と、
前記フィルタを通過した排気が前記バイパス通路へと導入されるように排気流路が切り換えられたときに、還元剤の噴射供給を停止するように前記還元剤噴射手段を制御する噴射停止制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1つに記載のエンジンの排気浄化装置。
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- 2005-02-25 WO PCT/JP2005/003144 patent/WO2005083242A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1722078A1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
US7614218B2 (en) | 2009-11-10 |
EP1722078B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
JP4290037B2 (ja) | 2009-07-01 |
EP1722078A4 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
US20060283178A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
WO2005083242A1 (ja) | 2005-09-09 |
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