JP2005198342A - ラウドスピーカ - Google Patents
ラウドスピーカ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005198342A JP2005198342A JP2005048704A JP2005048704A JP2005198342A JP 2005198342 A JP2005198342 A JP 2005198342A JP 2005048704 A JP2005048704 A JP 2005048704A JP 2005048704 A JP2005048704 A JP 2005048704A JP 2005198342 A JP2005198342 A JP 2005198342A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- transducer
- loudspeaker
- loudspeaker according
- acoustic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/32—Constructional details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
- H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
- H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
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- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
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- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
- H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
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- H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
- H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
- H04R7/20—Securing diaphragm or cone resiliently to support by flexible material, springs, cords, or strands
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
- H04R7/22—Clamping rim of diaphragm or cone against seating
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- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
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- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
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- H04R9/066—Loudspeakers using the principle of inertia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
- B60R11/0217—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for loud-speakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/64—Constructional details of receivers, e.g. cabinets or dust covers
- H04N5/642—Disposition of sound reproducers
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- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/021—Transducers or their casings adapted for mounting in or to a wall or ceiling
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- H04R2205/00—Details of stereophonic arrangements covered by H04R5/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2205/024—Positioning of loudspeaker enclosures for spatial sound reproduction
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- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2307/201—Damping aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker diaphragms by addition of additional damping means
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- H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
- H04R2400/07—Suspension between moving magnetic core and housing
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- H04R2440/00—Bending wave transducers covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
- H04R2440/03—Resonant bending wave transducer used as a microphone
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- H04R2440/00—Bending wave transducers covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
- H04R2440/05—Aspects relating to the positioning and way or means of mounting of exciters to resonant bending wave panels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2440/00—Bending wave transducers covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
- H04R2440/07—Loudspeakers using bending wave resonance and pistonic motion to generate sound
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/15—Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
- H04R3/14—Cross-over networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
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Abstract
【解決手段】 厚さに対して横方向に広がり、その横方向広がりにおける少なくとも意図的、結果的に定まる音響的に活性な領域にわたって撓み波を維持することができる部材(2)を含み、該部材(2)は開示され権利請求された規則的設計方法により、幾何学形状及び方向性のある撓み剛性を含む前記部材の特定パラメーターの値に依存するその固有撓み波振動の共鳴モード分布を少なくとも前記領域にわたって有し、この値は、前記装置が所望の作動音響周波数範囲にわたって作動するための固有共鳴モードの分布を前記部材の要求される達成可能な音響作用に合致するように予め定めるために選定される音響装置(81)。
【選択図】 図1
Description
下記の英国特許出願、すなわち、1995年9月2日出願の第95/17918号「音響装置」、1995年10月31日出願の第95/22281号「音響装置」、1996年3月30日出願の第96/06836号「音響装置」について優先権主張がされており、その全部が参照として本出願に取り入れられる。
これに関連する本発明の手法は、共鳴の利用に依存するもので、音の再生の質に関し、共鳴効果を避けることに決定的に依存する、という、長期にわたる強く確立された仮説から根本的に離れるものである。
(x/a)2n+(y/b)2n=1
これは、2つの可能性、すなわち、あらゆるnの値に対して好ましい長軸と短軸の比a/bを求めること、又は、あらゆるa/bの値に対して好ましいnの値を求めることである。本出願の日までに発明者らが処理した例は、a/bについて及びnについて1及び2であり(すなわち、2nについては2から4まで)、この処理は、等方性の撓み剛性についてのものであり、面積の同一性についても単純化した制約のもとでのものである。興味あることに、a/bについて1.1の値は不良であるが、1.15の値は良好である。すなわち、
a/b=1.15に対してn=1.9
n=1.8に対してa/b=1.13ないし1.22又は1.32
がnとa/bの実用的な関係についての有利な展開を示す。また、a/bについての値1.4が実用可能な他の例である。すなわち、
a/b=1.4に対してn=1.37ないし1.40
である。他の実用可能なものは、n及びa/bに関する広範なしかし本質的にはルーチンな処理作業により得ることができ、最初に説明した例におけるように、又は後で説明するように、nとa/bをともに理想化することにより、特に有利な超楕円形状を得ることができる。
撓み波振動面積的分布に関し、少なくとも実効的には固有共鳴モードに関する本発明の上述の概念を実現する全体としてパネル状の部材は、「分布モード共鳴子」、又は「分布モード共鳴パネル」、「分布モード共鳴ラウドスピーカ」、「DML」、或いは「マルチモード共鳴パネル」など、種々の用語で呼ばれる。
また、用語「共鳴」は、正確な意義のものではなく、所望の又は許容できる程度に面積的に分布し、規則的な固有共鳴モードに関する撓み波振動、この共鳴に基づく振動の設計により、積極的かつ真撃な励起を行なわせることも含めて、この振動を達成することについての便利で短縮した用語として使用するものであって、振動が本質的に問題であるとするこの用語の他の用例(そして、多分、しばしば対応する部品の不正確性及び/又は磨耗に関連して生じる場合の用例)と混同してはならない。
(a)セル状コアは、少なくとも約10メガパスカルの剪断係数を有し、接着された表皮のヤング率は少なくとも約1ギガパスカルである。
(b)パネル部材寸法が約0.1m2以下のものについては、最低の撓み波周波数が約100Hz以上で、撓み剛性は約10ニュートンメートルとすることができ、コア剪断係数は約10メガパスカル或いはそれ以下まで低くすることができ、表皮のヤング率は約0.5から約2.5ギガパスカルの範囲とすることができる。
(c)約0.1から約0.3m2までの範囲の寸法については、最低の撓み波周波数を約70Hzまで低くすることができ、撓み剛性は約5から約50ニュートンメートルの範囲又はそれ以上とすることができ、コア剪断係数は通常は約10メガパスカル以上、典型的には約15メガパスカルから約80メガパスカル又はそれ以上までであり、表皮のヤング率は少なくとも約2ギガパスカルで、約70ギガパスカル又それ以上とすることができる。
(d)約0.3から約1m2までの範囲の寸法については、最低の撓み波周波数を約50Hzまで低くすることができ、撓み剛性は通常は約20メガパスカルより上で、典型的には約50から約500ニュートンメートルの範囲又はそれ以上とすることができ、コア剪断係数は通常は約10メガパスカル以上、典型的には約20メガパスカルから約90メガパスカル又はそれ以上までであり、表皮のヤング率は少なくとも約2ギガパスカルで、約70ギガパスカル又それ以上とすることができる。
(e)約1から多分約5m2までの範囲の寸法については、最低の撓み波周波数を約25から70Hzまで低くすることができ、撓み剛性は約25メガパスカルより上で、コア剪断係数は通常は約30メガパスカル以上であり、表皮のヤング率は少なくとも約20ギガパスカルで、少なくとも約1000ギガパスカルの範囲とすることができる。
(e)一般に、寸法及び用途に応じて、最低が約0.1から約1000で、最高が約4から約3500 ニュートンメーターの範囲の撓み剛性と、最低が約0.05から約1.5で、最高が約1から約4 kg/m2no範囲の単位面積当たりの質量とする。
x=h.cosh(u.um).cos(V) y=h,sinh(u.um).sin(v)
ここに、h≡√(a2-b2) um≡q.tanh(a/b)
を使用し(0.366、0.239π)においてu(0・・・1)及び(0・・・π/2)について定数を有するものとして楕円円筒座標から求めた上述のほぼ真楕円についての一つの好ましいトランスデューサ位置を示すものである。
2 共鳴パネル
3 中間部材
9 トランスデューサ
Claims (29)
- 撓み波を維持することができ、複数の周波数モードを生じさせるようにトランスデューサ手段を取り付けるための複数の位置を有するパネルの形状の部材と、
前記複数の位置の少なくとも一つにおいて前記部材に取り付けられたトランスデューサと、
を備え、前記トランスデューサが前記部材に共鳴を生じさせて共鳴状態で音響的放射器を形成するようになったことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。 - 請求項1に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記トランスデューサは、前記部材の隅部から離れた非対称の中心外れいちにおいて前記部材に結合されたことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項2に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材はほぼ矩形形状であり、前記トランスデューサは、前記部材の隅部を原点とする座標において、前記部材の長辺の長さの3/7、4/9及び/又は5/13にほぼ対応する位置に配置されたことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載されたラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、両側の表皮層により挟まれたセル状コアを有する剛性の軽量パネルであることを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は周辺材により支持されたことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項5に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記周辺材はバッフルであることを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項6に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記バッフルは周囲包囲体であることを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項5から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記周辺材と前記部材との間に弾性サスペンションが配置されたことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項5から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は前記周辺材と一体であることを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項8に従属する請求項9に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材を囲む溝が前記サスペンションを形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記トランスデューサは慣性型であることを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、
撓み波を維持することができるパネルの形状の第2の部材と、前記第2の部材に取り付けられて音響放射器を形成するトランスデューサとを備え、前記第2の部材が前記第1の部材の孔内に取り付けられたことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。 - 請求項8に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記サスペンションは前記部材をピストン運動可能に取り付けており、前記トランスデューサは前記部材と前記周辺材との間に結合されておいr、前記トランスデューサが前記部材にピストン運動を生じさせるようになったことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項8に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記サスペンションは前記部材をピストン運動可能に取り付けており、前記周辺材は周囲包囲体の形態であり、前記周囲包囲体内の空気圧を周期的に変えて前記部材にピストン運動を生じさせるようになったことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記複数の位置の2個所に取り付けられた第1及び第2のトランスデューサを備えることを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記トランスデューサは、入射音響エネルギによる前記部材の共鳴に応じた出力信号を生成する位置の一つにおいて前記部材に取り付けられたことを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は吊り下げられた天井タイルを構成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、可視的ディスプレイユニットのハウジングの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、コンピュータのディスプレイスクリーンの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、ディスクその他の媒体のための携帯型プレーヤーの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、車両の乗員室内のトリムの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項21に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は乗員用シートの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項21に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材はドアの内張りの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、電子楽器の一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、告知その他の情報が掲示される告知板その他同様な可視的ディスプレイ装置として作用するか又はその一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、グリーティングカードその他同様なカードの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、光反射性又は光射出性表面を有するディスプレイスクリーンの一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、自動販売機の一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
- 請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載したラウドスピーカであって、前記部材は、包装の一部を形成することを特徴とするラウドスピーカ。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9517918.0A GB9517918D0 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1995-09-02 | Acoustic device |
GBGB9522281.6A GB9522281D0 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1995-10-31 | Acoustic device |
GBGB9606836.6A GB9606836D0 (en) | 1996-03-30 | 1996-03-30 | Acoustic device |
PCT/GB1996/002145 WO1997009842A2 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Acoustic device |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP51094897A Division JP3763848B2 (ja) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | 音響装置 |
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JP2005198342A true JP2005198342A (ja) | 2005-07-21 |
Family
ID=34865237
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005048704A Pending JP2005198342A (ja) | 1995-09-02 | 2005-02-24 | ラウドスピーカ |
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JP (1) | JP2005198342A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1198480C (ja) |
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AU (1) | AU702863C (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9610355A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2229998C (ja) |
CZ (1) | CZ293575B6 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69605123T3 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0847661T4 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA004974B1 (ja) |
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HK (1) | HK1008636A1 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUP9802067A3 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL123489A (ja) |
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PL (1) | PL182854B1 (ja) |
RO (1) | RO119918B1 (ja) |
SI (1) | SI0847661T2 (ja) |
SK (1) | SK25398A3 (ja) |
TR (1) | TR199800372T1 (ja) |
UA (1) | UA51671C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997009842A2 (ja) |
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WO2009038084A1 (ja) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | 振動板及びこれを備えたスピーカ |
JP2010525713A (ja) * | 2007-04-26 | 2010-07-22 | エアバス・オペレイションズ・ゲーエムベーハー | フラットスピーカー |
JP2012039553A (ja) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-02-23 | Yamaha Corp | スピーカ装置 |
JP2012145803A (ja) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-08-02 | Yamaha Corp | 電子鍵盤楽器 |
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