JP2002517619A - 超臨界流体二酸化炭素中での染料物質による疎水性繊維の改良された染色方法 - Google Patents
超臨界流体二酸化炭素中での染料物質による疎水性繊維の改良された染色方法Info
- Publication number
- JP2002517619A JP2002517619A JP2000552334A JP2000552334A JP2002517619A JP 2002517619 A JP2002517619 A JP 2002517619A JP 2000552334 A JP2000552334 A JP 2000552334A JP 2000552334 A JP2000552334 A JP 2000552334A JP 2002517619 A JP2002517619 A JP 2002517619A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- dyeing
- dye
- carbon dioxide
- supercritical fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007447 staining method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 238
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 40
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- DYALWCKAJBVSBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-anilino-4,5-dihydroxy-8-nitroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=2C(=O)C(C(=CC=C3O)[N+]([O-])=O)=C3C(=O)C=2C(O)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DYALWCKAJBVSBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- VGKYEIFFSOPYEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-[(4-phenyldiazenylphenyl)diazenyl]phenol Chemical compound Cc1cc(ccc1O)N=Nc1ccc(cc1)N=Nc1ccccc1 VGKYEIFFSOPYEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 yarns Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZDORFLXCSSFUIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[n-(2-acetyloxyethyl)-4-[(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-3-(propanoylamino)anilino]ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(=O)NC1=CC(N(CCOC(C)=O)CCOC(C)=O)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1Cl ZDORFLXCSSFUIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XREZMAAQVYVESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyloxymethyl 2-[n-[2-(acetyloxymethoxy)-2-oxoethyl]-2-[2-[2-[bis[2-(acetyloxymethoxy)-2-oxoethyl]amino]-4-fluorophenoxy]ethoxy]-5-fluoroanilino]acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCOC(=O)CN(CC(=O)OCOC(C)=O)C1=CC(F)=CC=C1OCCOC1=CC=C(F)C=C1N(CC(=O)OCOC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCOC(C)=O XREZMAAQVYVESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011005 laboratory method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009974 package dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012192 staining solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/94—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in solvents which are in the supercritical state
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
- Y10S8/922—Polyester fiber
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8963998A | 1998-06-03 | 1998-06-03 | |
| US09/089,639 | 1998-06-03 | ||
| US09/162,817 US6048369A (en) | 1998-06-03 | 1998-09-29 | Method of dyeing hydrophobic textile fibers with colorant materials in supercritical fluid carbon dioxide |
| US09/162,817 | 1998-09-29 | ||
| PCT/US1999/010172 WO1999063146A1 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 1999-05-10 | Improved method of dyeing hydrophobic textile fibers with colorant material in supercritical fluid carbon dioxide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002517619A true JP2002517619A (ja) | 2002-06-18 |
| JP2002517619A5 JP2002517619A5 (enExample) | 2006-01-05 |
Family
ID=26780794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000552334A Withdrawn JP2002517619A (ja) | 1998-06-03 | 1999-05-10 | 超臨界流体二酸化炭素中での染料物質による疎水性繊維の改良された染色方法 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6048369A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1210477A1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2002517619A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20010052517A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1309735A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU3978499A (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1999063146A1 (enExample) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103806234A (zh) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-21 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 超临界co2无水旋转经轴卧式染色釜及其染色系统 |
| JP2024519565A (ja) * | 2022-03-25 | 2024-05-17 | 東華大学 | 超臨界二酸化炭素媒体中の染化料の溶解度と溶解速度を高める方法 |
| JP2024519564A (ja) * | 2022-03-25 | 2024-05-17 | 青▲島▼即▲発▼集▲団▼股▲分▼有限公司 | 高分散染料染着率に向ける超臨界二酸化炭素媒体染色法 |
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| US6261326B1 (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-17 | North Carolina State University | Method for introducing dyes and other chemicals into a textile treatment system |
| NL1014395C2 (nl) * | 2000-02-16 | 2001-08-20 | Stork Brabant Bv | Werkwijze voor het verven van textielmaterialen in een superkritisch flu´dum. |
| US6676710B2 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2004-01-13 | North Carolina State University | Process for treating textile substrates |
| US6517589B1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-02-11 | China Textile Institute | Manufacturing method of coloring and lustering substance |
| US7407703B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2008-08-05 | Bha Group, Inc. | Composite membrane having oleophobic properties |
| US7771818B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2010-08-10 | Bha Group, Inc. | Treatment of porous article |
| US7794742B2 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2010-09-14 | University Of Washington | Devices for promoting epithelial cell differentiation and keratinization |
| US20070044817A1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2007-03-01 | San-Lung Chen | Wafer protection system employed in chemical stations |
| KR101487534B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-12 | 2015-01-28 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 세탁물 처리기기 |
| US8152862B2 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-04-10 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Supercritical noble gases and coloring methods |
| JP2014501346A (ja) | 2010-12-16 | 2014-01-20 | ボルボ コンストラクション イクイップメント アーベー | 掘削機のエンジンアイドリング制御装置及びその方法 |
| CN102535068B (zh) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-12-04 | 广东出色无水印染科技有限公司 | 染色小样机及其染色方法 |
| CN102877329A (zh) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-01-16 | 昆山铁牛衬衫厂 | 一种超临界二氧化碳染色方法 |
| CN103726351B (zh) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-01-20 | 成都纺织高等专科学校 | 一种超临界co2流体还原染料染色方法 |
| CN103741523B (zh) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 成都纺织高等专科学校 | 一种超临界co2流体分散染料增溶染色方法 |
| CN103866515B (zh) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | 山东大学 | 一种超临界流体喷染用喷射器 |
| CN103981661B (zh) * | 2014-06-04 | 2016-01-20 | 山东大学 | 一种超临界流体喷染用喷射器 |
| CN104195854A (zh) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-10 | 马燕 | 一种零排放的染整工艺 |
| EP3786355B1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2025-05-28 | NIKE Innovate C.V. | Supercritical fluid rolled or spooled material finishing |
| CN107580640B (zh) * | 2015-02-20 | 2021-06-18 | 耐克创新有限合伙公司 | 精练目标材料的方法及以超临界流体精练及加工目标材料的方法 |
| KR102005652B1 (ko) * | 2015-02-20 | 2019-07-30 | 나이키 이노베이트 씨.브이. | 초임계 유체 재료 마감 처리 |
| CN106245385B (zh) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-06-08 | 闽江学院 | 一种光致发光纤维的染色方法 |
| EP3532670B1 (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2025-07-02 | Ashok Baser, Swapneshu | Process for dyeing of textile materials using supercritical fluid |
| CN106757918B (zh) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-11-30 | 大连工业大学 | 一种可换色工程化超临界二氧化碳流体无水染整系统及其方法 |
| CN106757915B (zh) * | 2016-12-02 | 2019-03-26 | 青岛即发集团股份有限公司 | 一种筒纱无水染色设备、染色方法及产品 |
| CN107419462B (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-11-01 | 百事基材料（青岛）股份有限公司 | 一种超临界二氧化碳染色系统及染色工艺 |
| AU2018289505B2 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2022-02-10 | Cotton Incorporated | Fabric treatment compositions and methods |
| KR102002836B1 (ko) | 2018-08-14 | 2019-07-24 | 아크로마코리아 주식회사 | 초임계 이산화탄소 염색을 위한 염료 조성물 |
| TWI741210B (zh) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-10-01 | 流亞科技股份有限公司 | 以染色殘液為控制要素的染色機控制系統 |
| KR102105582B1 (ko) | 2019-05-08 | 2020-04-28 | 아크로마코리아 주식회사 | 이산화탄소 초임계 하에서 폴리아미드 섬유의 흑색 염색을 위한 분산염료 조성물 |
| TWI811654B (zh) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-08-11 | 財團法人紡織產業綜合研究所 | 紡織品的雙面均染方法及使用其製造而成的多彩紗線 |
| CN115182161A (zh) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-14 | 浙江英玛特生物科技有限公司 | 采用scf技术将羟基酸酯低聚物固着在纤维表面的方法及抗菌抗病毒产品 |
| CN117779497B (zh) * | 2023-12-27 | 2025-09-23 | 清源创新实验室 | 一种聚苯砜亚砜纤维的无水染色方法 |
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-
1998
- 1998-09-29 US US09/162,817 patent/US6048369A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-05-10 CN CN99808695A patent/CN1309735A/zh active Pending
- 1999-05-10 AU AU39784/99A patent/AU3978499A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-10 EP EP99922889A patent/EP1210477A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-05-10 WO PCT/US1999/010172 patent/WO1999063146A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-10 JP JP2000552334A patent/JP2002517619A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-05-10 KR KR1020007013657A patent/KR20010052517A/ko not_active Ceased
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103806234A (zh) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-21 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 超临界co2无水旋转经轴卧式染色釜及其染色系统 |
| JP2024519565A (ja) * | 2022-03-25 | 2024-05-17 | 東華大学 | 超臨界二酸化炭素媒体中の染化料の溶解度と溶解速度を高める方法 |
| JP2024519564A (ja) * | 2022-03-25 | 2024-05-17 | 青▲島▼即▲発▼集▲団▼股▲分▼有限公司 | 高分散染料染着率に向ける超臨界二酸化炭素媒体染色法 |
| JP7602237B2 (ja) | 2022-03-25 | 2024-12-18 | 東華大学 | 超臨界二酸化炭素媒体中の染化料の溶解度と溶解速度を高める方法 |
| JP7628260B2 (ja) | 2022-03-25 | 2025-02-10 | 青▲島▼即▲発▼集▲団▼股▲分▼有限公司 | 高分散染料染着率に向ける超臨界二酸化炭素媒体染色法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6048369A (en) | 2000-04-11 |
| EP1210477A1 (en) | 2002-06-05 |
| CN1309735A (zh) | 2001-08-22 |
| KR20010052517A (ko) | 2001-06-25 |
| WO1999063146A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
| AU3978499A (en) | 1999-12-20 |
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