IT1135005B - Terpenoidi contenenti due gruppi funzionali,procedimenti per la loro preparazione ed agenti antiulcera che li contengono - Google Patents

Terpenoidi contenenti due gruppi funzionali,procedimenti per la loro preparazione ed agenti antiulcera che li contengono

Info

Publication number
IT1135005B
IT1135005B IT19095/81A IT1909581A IT1135005B IT 1135005 B IT1135005 B IT 1135005B IT 19095/81 A IT19095/81 A IT 19095/81A IT 1909581 A IT1909581 A IT 1909581A IT 1135005 B IT1135005 B IT 1135005B
Authority
IT
Italy
Prior art keywords
procedures
preparation
functional groups
terpenoids
ulcer agents
Prior art date
Application number
IT19095/81A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
IT8119095A0 (it
Inventor
Sato Akio
Nakakima Kenji
Takahara Yoshimasa
Kijima Shizumasa
Kuwana Noriaki
Abe Shinya
Yamada Kouzi
Original Assignee
Eisai Co Ltd
Gen Director Of The Agency Of
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eisai Co Ltd, Gen Director Of The Agency Of filed Critical Eisai Co Ltd
Publication of IT8119095A0 publication Critical patent/IT8119095A0/it
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of IT1135005B publication Critical patent/IT1135005B/it

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6409Fatty acids
    • C12P7/6427Polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/11Aldehydes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/09Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis
    • C07C29/10Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C33/00Unsaturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C33/02Acyclic alcohols with carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C47/00Compounds having —CHO groups
    • C07C47/20Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C47/26Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
    • C07C47/263Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups acyclic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C47/00Compounds having —CHO groups
    • C07C47/20Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C47/277Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C59/00Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/01Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C59/00Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/40Unsaturated compounds
    • C07C59/58Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/64Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C59/66Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings the non-carboxylic part of the ether containing six-membered aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/04Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/10Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/12Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/04Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/18Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/20Oxygen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D309/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D309/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D309/08Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D309/10Oxygen atoms
    • C07D309/12Oxygen atoms only hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom directly attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. tetrahydropyranyl ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20Bacteria; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/205Bacterial isolates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P17/00Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
    • C12P17/02Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms
    • C12P17/06Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms containing a six-membered hetero ring, e.g. fluorescein
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/24Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carbonyl group
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/40Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12RINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/01Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
    • C12R2001/365Nocardia
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/582Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
IT19095/81A 1980-01-12 1981-01-12 Terpenoidi contenenti due gruppi funzionali,procedimenti per la loro preparazione ed agenti antiulcera che li contengono IT1135005B (it)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP239580A JPS56113718A (en) 1980-01-12 1980-01-12 Bifunctional terpenoid, its preparation, and ulcer preventive agent comprising it

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IT8119095A0 IT8119095A0 (it) 1981-01-12
IT1135005B true IT1135005B (it) 1986-08-20

Family

ID=11528044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IT19095/81A IT1135005B (it) 1980-01-12 1981-01-12 Terpenoidi contenenti due gruppi funzionali,procedimenti per la loro preparazione ed agenti antiulcera che li contengono

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (4) US4338251A (it)
JP (1) JPS56113718A (it)
BE (1) BE887008A (it)
CH (2) CH647490A5 (it)
DE (1) DE3100613A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2473519A1 (it)
GB (2) GB2068370B (it)
IT (1) IT1135005B (it)
NL (1) NL8100110A (it)
PH (1) PH16354A (it)
SE (1) SE446974B (it)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4468458A (en) * 1980-01-12 1984-08-28 Eisai Co., Ltd. Two-functional-group-containing terpenoids, processes for the preparation of the same, and anti-ulcer agents containing the same
JPS56113718A (en) * 1980-01-12 1981-09-07 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Bifunctional terpenoid, its preparation, and ulcer preventive agent comprising it
JPS5854796B2 (ja) * 1980-05-19 1983-12-06 工業技術院長 ポリプレニルカルボン酸誘導体およびその製造法
JPS5815940A (ja) * 1981-07-23 1983-01-29 Eisai Co Ltd ポリプレニル系化合物およびその製造方法ならびにそれを含有する医薬
US4564477A (en) * 1982-02-19 1986-01-14 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Polyprenyl compounds and method of producing the same
JPS59101448A (ja) * 1982-11-30 1984-06-12 Eisai Co Ltd ポリプレニルカルボン酸アミドおよびその製造方法ならびにそれを含有する医薬
JPS59203593A (ja) * 1983-05-02 1984-11-17 三洋電機株式会社 洗濯機
JPS60158126A (ja) * 1984-01-30 1985-08-19 Eisai Co Ltd シス型イソプレノイド
DK435087A (da) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-11 Hoffmann La Roche Isoprenderivater
US5399724A (en) * 1989-11-29 1995-03-21 Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation Acyclic terpene compound
JPH03170448A (ja) * 1989-11-29 1991-07-24 Mitsubishi Kasei Corp 鎖状テルペン系化合物
EP0456287A1 (en) * 1990-04-10 1991-11-13 Duphar International Research B.V New sulfonyl compound and use of said compound in the process of producing vitamin A or its esters
US5714645A (en) * 1995-10-31 1998-02-03 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Process for producing all trans-form polyprenols
US6420435B1 (en) 1999-11-01 2002-07-16 Joe S. Wilkins, Jr. Method for treating gastrointestinal disorders
US7041706B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2006-05-09 Wilkins Jr Joe S Method for treating crohn's disease

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2019835C3 (de) * 1969-04-24 1974-08-15 Nisshin Flour Milling Co. Ltd., Tokio Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Solanesol
US4059641A (en) * 1975-11-18 1977-11-22 Sankyo Company Limited Polyprenyl derivatives
JPS52131507A (en) * 1976-04-24 1977-11-04 Sankyo Co Ltd Polyprenyl derivatives
JPS607617B2 (ja) * 1977-02-23 1985-02-26 エーザイ株式会社 ポリプレニルアルコール誘導体およびその製造法
JPS5476513A (en) * 1977-11-22 1979-06-19 Eisai Co Ltd Polyprenyl alcohol ester and hypotensives containing it
US4175139A (en) * 1977-08-10 1979-11-20 Eisai Co. Ltd. Hypertension treating agent containing polyprenyl alcohol
JPS582206B2 (ja) * 1977-08-11 1983-01-14 武田薬品工業株式会社 炭素−炭素結合方法
JPS5470430A (en) * 1977-11-16 1979-06-06 Eisai Co Ltd Remedy for bradyacusia and tinnitus
JPS56113718A (en) * 1980-01-12 1981-09-07 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Bifunctional terpenoid, its preparation, and ulcer preventive agent comprising it

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE887008A (fr) 1981-05-04
FR2473519A1 (fr) 1981-07-17
IT8119095A0 (it) 1981-01-12
GB2068370A (en) 1981-08-12
CH647490A5 (fr) 1985-01-31
FR2473519B1 (it) 1983-11-18
JPS578093B2 (it) 1982-02-15
SE446974B (sv) 1986-10-20
US4454330A (en) 1984-06-12
SE8100134L (sv) 1981-07-13
GB2068370B (en) 1984-09-26
DE3100613A1 (de) 1981-11-19
JPS56113718A (en) 1981-09-07
US4338251A (en) 1982-07-06
NL8100110A (nl) 1981-08-03
US4435423A (en) 1984-03-06
GB8320690D0 (en) 1983-09-01
GB2135990B (en) 1985-03-13
US4386227A (en) 1983-05-31
PH16354A (en) 1983-09-05
CH651005A5 (fr) 1985-08-30
GB2135990A (en) 1984-09-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
IT1137272B (it) Interferoni e procedimento per la loro preparazione
IT8322837A0 (it) Cefem-derivati e procedimenti per la loro preparazione.
IT1135005B (it) Terpenoidi contenenti due gruppi funzionali,procedimenti per la loro preparazione ed agenti antiulcera che li contengono
IT1144897B (it) Dispositivo indicatore di assetto per aerei
IT8122083A0 (it) Chinossalin-2-il-etenil-chetoni eprocedimento per la loro preparazione.
DK158034C (da) Spermicidt praeparat til lokal anvendelse
IT1199860B (it) Polieteri glicosilati,composizioni che li comprendono,procedimento per la loro preparazione e impiego
IT8148952A0 (it) Amminoglucosidi ammidinati procedimento per loro preparazione e loro impiego come medicamenti
BR8009019A (pt) Preparacao deaerossol
IT1136556B (it) Tioli e loro preparazione
IT1177981B (it) Amminociclopentani, composizioni farmaceutiche che li contengono e procedimento per la loro preparazione
FR2509990B1 (fr) Agents anti-solaires
BE887471A (fr) Derives benzylideniques, leur preparation et leur utilisation
DK556883D0 (da) Pyridonderivater
IT8322500A0 (it) 2-pirimidilalcansolfonati procedimenti per la loro preparazione e il loro impiego.
IT8322499A0 (it) Cianalchilpiperazine procedimenti per la loro preparazione e loro impiego.
BE891615A (fr) Thiocarnitines, leur preparation et leur utilisation
DK243881A (da) Herbicidt praeparat
AR227171A1 (es) Procedimiento de preparacion de eteres basicos de 7-oxo-7h-benzo/c/fluoreno
FI811704L (fi) Metyl-kinoxalin-1,4-dioxid-derivat
IT8023499A0 (it) Indolobenzazepine e procedimento per la loro preparazione.
DK193281A (da) Insecticidt praeparat
IT8019680A0 (it) Steroidi, procedimenti per la loro fabbricazione, e preparazioni che li contengono
IT1132078B (it) Cromosilicati cristallini e procedimento per la loro preparazione
IT8120277A1 (it) Nuovi 1,4;3,6-dianidro-2,5-diazido-2,5-dideossi-esitoli

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
TA Fee payment date (situation as of event date), data collected since 19931001

Effective date: 19941129