FR2496030A1 - DEVICE FOR INTERCIRCULATION BETWEEN RAILWAY CARS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Device for intercommunication between rail-road cars, comprising a retractable half-corridor formed by a rigid ring (1) joined to the car body (4) and provided with hook-engagement means (56, 57) for rigidly fixing it to a similar ring (1a) which is joined to another car and with means (2, 5, 3) for suspending the ring (1) from the car body (4), characterized in that these suspension means comprise a top rod (2) which is attached to the top portion of the ring (1) and rests on two lateral supports (3) attached to the car body (4) by means of a swivel bracket (9) which permits their rotation about a vertical axis independently of each other.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for

  tercirculation for railway cars.

  The qualities that a device for

  tercirculation are essentially a good general seal, whatever the relative positions of the cars coupled, especially in the curved parts of

  tracks, and also a good phonic seal.

  After the abandonment of the classic leather bellows

  have been too fragile and too expensive, there have been

  bents, where each car is equipped, on the sides

  and on the top of the passage, a bead shaped like a

  din, the sealing being obtained by reciprocal cooperation of the beads of the coupled cars. But the watertightness on the ground is only approximate. In addition, in the curves, it is possible for the beads located outside the curve to peel off, leaving a harmful and dangerous day. This phenomenon is even more accentuated in the S-curves, where there is a parallel misalignment of the cars, and o a

  important day appear on both sides.

  We tried to improve the waterproofness by realizing

  the passage in the form of two rigid rectangular rings

  each associated with a car and lockable to each other. However, this type of passage was only provided for cars with automatic coupling, and the rings are based on the massive coupling parts, the problem of

  the attachment is not solved in the case of the

  the support capacity of the coupling parts

chet and ring is almost zero.

  In addition, the manual hitching requires clearing a space for the harness, which is a priori excluded in the

known achievements.

  Finally, it is essential that the

  tercirculation is compatible with the known systems

  above, which is not the case for those relating to

  automatic coupling, which are based on full standards

news.

  The present invention aims to provide a device

  of intercirculation which has excellent qualities of

  watertightness, which is applicable to coaches with

  nual, while being compatible with existing hardware.

  According to the invention, the intercirculation device between railway cars comprises a rigid ring forming a corridor mechanically connected to one end of a car and provided with means of attachment to a similar ring connected to another car. . It is characterized in that the mechanical connection means comprise means of suspension of the ring fixed to the body of the car. By ring is meant here a corridor element of any contour but generally rectangular. This mode of connection by suspension to the body of the car allows

  to completely get out of the coupling parts and to

  whatever the type of coupling involved. In addition, regardless of track accidents, such as curves

  or unevenness, the kinematics of the ring is

  linked to that of the coupling parts.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the suspension means comprise an upper bar fixed to the upper part of the ring and resting on two lateral supports fixed to the body of the car by means of an articulation allowing their rotation.

  around a vertical axis independently of one another.

  The rotation of these supports allows the displacement

  of the ring parallel to the direction of advance of the

  ture. In addition, the upper bar is attached to the

  top of the ring by a link allowing a debate-

  angle of the bar with respect to the ring in

all directions.

  Thanks to this degree of freedom, the ring is able

  to turn around the three axes of space.

  Correlatively, the device comprises two organizations

  control units mounted on the body of the rotating car.

  coaxial with the rotation of the lateral supports and accou-

  by a coupling rod connected to the lower part

  the ring. Differential rotation of the lateral supports and control members allows the ring to take a

  inclination which occurs, for example, in the event of

  lation of one car in relation to the other.

  In order to preserve the ring's freedom of movement, the tie bar is connected to the

  lower part of the ring by a link allowing a debate-

  between the bar and the ring in the direction of

  of the car and in the horizontal transverse direction

tal.

  More specifically, the coupling bar advantageously passes between the fork teeth attached to the lower part of the ring, the spacing of the teeth being

  greater than the width of the bar.

  This link allows the ring to perform, in

  certain limits, roll and pitch movements.

  No rigid connection is provided between the ring and the coupling bar, which in no way serves as a support means, the support function being only fulfilled at

  level of the suspension of the ring at the top bar.

  According to an improved embodiment of the invention,

  especially in the case of coupling with vehicles

  In another form, the lateral supports as well as the control members are connected to the body of the car by means of resilient protruding means tending to rotate them to project the ring out of the car. This projection is necessary in the case of coupling with a ring of the same type. On the contrary, in case of mating with a car of another type,

retract the ring.

  The device still advantageously comprises a

  servo-assist mechanism to bring the ring back into

  retraction towards the car against the means

  protruding ticks. Other features and advantages of the invention

  will again emerge from the detailed description which follows.

  In the accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limiting example

  11. Figure 1 is an elevational view of the ring, in partial section, with a lateral support and a control member, this view being taken from the inside of the car; Figure 2 is a sectional view along II-II of Figure 1; 15. Figures 3, 4 and 5 are sectional views in plan respectively III-III, IV-IV and V-V of Figure 2; FIG. 6 is a sectional view along VI-VI of FIGS.

Figures 1 and 5; -

  20. FIG. 7 is a perspective, semi-

  schematic, of the whole device, taken from outside

  laughing at the car; FIG. 8 is a sectional plan view showing

  the cooperation of the respective rings of two cars

SEMA;

  Figures 9 and 10 are two views in section in

  according to the plan of symmetry of the cars, showing two stages of the operation of attachment; Figure 11 is a partial view, on a larger scale, of Figure 8; Figures 12 and 13 are views similar to Figure 11, at other stages of operation; Figure 14 is a sectional view along XIV-XIV of Figures 11 and 13; 35. Figure 15 is a sectional view along XV-XV of Figure 13; Figure 16 is a partial elevational view of the interior of the car, showing the servo-assistance mechanism Figures 17 and 18 are respectively views XVII-XVII and XVIII-XVIII of Figure 16; Figures 19 and 20 are diagrams showing the operation of the servo servo; Figures 21 to 23 are simplified sectional views showing the interconnecting device in positions corresponding to typical accidents of the railway; Figure 24 is a simplified sectional view showing the cooperation of a device according to the invention with a car of another type;

  Figures 25 to 27 are views similar to the

  24, but in positions corresponding to typical accidents of the railway; Figure 28 is a diagram showing the various degrees

of freedom of the ring.

  With reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, the interfering device

  circulation includes, on each car, a ring consisting of

  killed by a rigid metal frame forming a corridor, and provided on its outer edge with a rubber edge 10 to form

  attached with a similar border iQa of a ring the of a

car (figure 8).

  Ring 1 is suspended from an upper bar 2 sen-

  horizontally and resting by its ends on

  side supports 3 themselves attached to the body 4 of the vehicle.

ture.

  The ring 1 carries a bearing 5 in which is mounted a

  tube 6 via a pad 7 made of plastic material

  tick. The bar 2 is slidably mounted in the tube 6, so that it can not only slide along its axis but also move in all directions through the

plasticity of the pad 7.

  Each lateral support 3 comprises a vertical tube 8 rotatably mounted in a bearing 9 fixed to the body 4 and

  resting, via a spring 11, in a groove

  paudine ball 12 also attached to the body 4.

  On each tube 8 is fixed a support arm 13 is

  extending horizontally and carrying at its end a spherical bearing 30 in which the upper bar 2 is slidably mounted. It is understood that a symmetrical rotation of the lateral supports allows a translational movement of the ring 1

  in the forward direction of the car, that is to say

  perpendicularly to the plane of FIG. 1. A lateral translational movement is also allowed by sliding of the bar 2 in the bearings 30 and in the tube 6. Finally, a vertical translational movement can be effected by

variable spring compression 11.

  By differential rotation of the supports 3, the ring 1 can be rotated about its vertical axis. It can also undergo pitch rotation by rotating the tube

  6 around the bar 2, and a deformed roll rotation

of the plastic pad 7.

  A control member 14 comprises a tube 15 coaxial with the tube 8 and resting on the latter by a shoulder 16. The tube 15, which is thus free to rotate relative to the tube 8, carries at its lower end a crank arm 17 hinged to a coupling rod 18 which connects it to a symmetrical control member (not shown). The bar 18 has at its ends elongated holes 20 allowing

  the deformation of the bar-crank arm system.

  The position of the bar 18 is such that it does not

  not the lower part of ring 1, but that it

  be separated by a distance d of the order of a few milli-

  meters. The coupling bar 18 does not cooperate with the ring

  only through ranges 19 fixed on the year

  water, and the spacing of the teeth of these forks is clearly

  more than the width of the bar (Figure 6). This game allows a certain transverse movement of the bottom of the ring for a given position of its upper part. On each tube 15 is still fixed a return arm

  21 connected to the body 4 of the car by a trac-

  22 attached to the box by means of a fastener 23 located towards the outside of the box relative to the axis

  common tubes 8 and 15 (Figure 3).

  The support arms 13 are connected by springs

  24 to fasteners 25 located analogously (Figure 4).

  It is understood that the action of these springs tends to rotate the brackets 13 and the crank arms

  17 so that the ring 1 protrudes out of the car.

  - They therefore constitute elastic means of projection.

  In this movement, the lateral supports 3 play a control role in the same way as the control members

  14. However, their role as media explains the terminology

used.

  An auxiliary shaft 26 is mounted vertically in bearings 27 fixed to the body and carries two arms 28, 29 provided with rollers for cooperating with plates 31, 32 respectively fixed on the return arm 21 and on the

support arm 13.

  The shaft 26 carries an arm 33 connected to the rod 34 of a

  cylinder 35 shown schematically in FIG.

  laid in such a way as to rotate, through the

  26, the lateral supports 13 and the control members

  14 against the electrical means of projection. The servo

  assistance mechanism comprising this jack (and a symmetrical jack)

  This will be described later in detail.

  The various degrees of freedom of the ring have been summarized in FIG. 28, indicating them by arrows located near the respective organs which make it possible to obtain them. We find the vertical translation (springs 11); transverse horizontal translation (bearing 5 and forks 19); 5. the rotation about a vertical axis (respective differential rotations of the supports 3 and 14); the rotation around a transverse horizontal axis (differential rotation of all the supports

  3 on the one hand and all the organs 14 on the other

part).

  Rotation around a horizontal axis perpendicular

  the plane of the figure results from a different translation

  the top and bottom of the ring.

  The horizontal translation perpendicular to the plane of the figure results from equal and simultaneous rotations

supports 3 and members 14.

  Two membranes 36 of elastic material such as rubber extend vertically on the sides of the ring 1 (Figure 8). Each is attached on the one hand to the front edge

  37 of the ring and on the other hand to the box 4 of the car.

  These membranes have a convexity directed towards the outside.

  the car to cooperate with membranes 36a

  attached to a ring of a car of the same type.

  Pleated membranes 38 of similar material are

  tend to the entire periphery of the ring and are attached on the one hand to the inner edge 39 of the ring and the body 4 of the car. They are isolated from the interior of the car by partitions 41 which extend according to

  side protectors 42 articulated and applied

  on the inner walls of the ring by elastic means.

  Finally, a hollow bead 43 made of rubber, sensi-

  cylindrical, is fixed to the body of the car (Figure 9) and extends above the upper part of the ring, to cooperate with a similar ring 43a of a

car of the same type.

  We will now describe, with reference to the figures

  9 to 15, other bodies which intervene more particularly

  during the coupling operation and the joining of

  Ring 1 has a ring of another car of the same type.

  A movable door 44 is articulated on the floor of the ring about an axis 45. It is liftable and its dimensions are sufficient to allow the passage of a man responsible for coupling the cars. This hatch extends over the entire width of the ring and carries a bolt 46 arranged to engage, in the upper position of the hatch, behind a latch 47 (figurell) articulated about an axis 48 secured to the wall side of the ring. This latch can be raised by means of a cable control under

  sheath 49 connected to a return 51 integral with a transverse shaft

  sal 52 (Figures 7 and 9). The shaft 52 is rotated by means of a connecting rod 53, represented by a simple line for clarity, and a crankpin 53a, from

  a manual control lever 54.

  The reference 51 also controls, by means of another connecting rod 55, the operation of two rotary hooks 56 provided to cooperate with bolts 57a fixed on the other ring la in order to hook the two rings one at

the other.

  On its lateral face, not shown in FIG. 9, the ring 1 carries two bulbs 57 corresponding to two hooks

56a of the ring la.

  Similarly, the ring 1 carries a centering cone 58 for

  cooperate with a complementary conical cavity 59a of the year

  the water. On its other side face, the panel 1 carries a cavity 59 identical (Figure 7) to cooperate with a cone

not shown of the ring la.

  It follows from the above that, the hatch 44 being raised, the operation of the lever 54 in the direction of the arrow

  FI causes the double effect of releasing the hatch 44 and a-

  lower the hooks-56 in their cooperative position

with the bolts 57a (Figure 10).

  It is provided a lever 54, a rod 53 and a mane-

  53a on each side face of the ring 1, the two mesons being conjugated by the shaft 52 (Figure 7). In this way, the harnesser can simultaneously operate the levers

54 of the two cars.

  A retraction lever 61 is keyed on the axis 45 of the hatch 44. A similar lever (not shown) is wedged at the other end of the axis 45. This lever has a curved shape to avoid, in its rotation, to hit the coupling rod 18. It comprises an appendix 62 (Figure 11) arranged to bear on a stop 63 integral with the body 4 of the car so as to maintain the ring in

  retracted position against the projecting means (

  Figure 9). By turning this lever, this restraint disappears

  and the ring protrudes (Figure 10).

  A pawl 64 (FIGS. 11 to 13) is integral with the hatch 44 and cooperates with the lever 61 so as to make it

  turn in the direction of retraction when raising the hatch.

  Conversely, the ratchet 64 does not cause the lever 61 when

the hatch is lowered (Figure 13).

  The apparatus thus described functions as follows when it comes to coupling two cars of the same

type (Figures 9 and 10).

  Before the cars are brought into contact, tampons against

  buffers, the hauler raises the hatch 44 to obtain the

  pace necessary for his maneuver. We will not describe the maneuvers

  made on the other car, which are identical and

  practically simultaneous. The raising of the trap

  that the rotation of the retraction lever 61 which, taking

  resting on the stop 63, retracts the ring towards the

  ture. The hatch is locked in the high position by the passage of the bolt 46 behind the latch 47, which allows

  the harnesser to freely carry out his hitching operations.

  Once these are completed, the shifter turns the lever

  manual control 54 according to the arrow F1, which provokes

  that, by the cable sheath 49, unlocking the latch

  47 and the release of bolt 46. Trap 44 falls, causing

  Pawl 64. Solicited by the spring protruding means, the retraction lever 61 accompanies the pawl 64

  and the ring goes into projection position (Figure 10).

  But at the same time, by the effect of the connecting rod 53, the

  hooks 56 have come into premature locking

  (Figure 10). The hitch therefore maneuvers the lever 54 along the arrow F2, which has the sole effect of raising the hooks 56, then again according to the arrow Fl for

cause definitive snagging.

  The control levers 54 and the mechanism which they cause constitute general control means, with multiple function, serving to control the trap, the protrusion

of the ring and its hanging.

  We will now describe, again with reference to Figures 9 to 15, special control means used when coupling a car provided with a ring according to the invention with a car of another type. In such a case, the ring must remain permanently retracted, even

times the hatch lowered.

  To this end, a U-shaped ring 65, forming a closed yoke is articulated around an axis 66 integral with the wall of the ring and arranged to cap and hold a finger 67 of the lever 61. It is understood that the lever 61 and retained will not accompany the pawl 64 when lowering the

  the hatch and that the ring 1 will be kept retracted.

  A rotary cam 68, operable by a square 69, is arranged to act on a tail 71 of the latch 47 and cause its unlocking (Figure 13). This cam is integral with an arm 72 coupled by a rod 73 to an arm 74 integral with the ring 65. In this way, the unlocking of the hatch by means of the square 69 simultaneously causes the rotation of the ring 65 which caps the finger 67, and the hatch 44 lowers without allowing the movement of the lever 61. The arm 74 is provided long enough to serve.

  vir of limit stop to the movement of the ring 65.

  We will now describe, with reference to the figures

  16 to 20, a servo-assistance mechanism which serves to retract

  ring 1 against the elastic means of

  without requiring significant manual effort.

  This servomechanism comprises the two cylinders 35 men-

  above, whose bodies are articulated on the body 4 of the car. They are connected by flexible pipes to a pneumatic connector 76 fixed on the ceiling of the ring 1. A flexible supply pipe 77 connects the connector 76 to a general line 78 of compressed air

  through a capacitor 79, a check valve

  81 and a shutoff valve 82. Beyond the connector, this pipe is extended by a loop 83

  which returns to the connector to communicate with the pipe-

  of the cylinders, and on which is interposed a

  tri-way tributor 84. This distributor makes it possible to put the jacks in communication with the general line 78 or with the atmosphere by means of a pusher 85 controlled

  by a cam 86 integral with one of the assembly hooks 56.

  More specifically, the pusher is arranged to ad-

  put the compressed air into the cylinder when the hook 56 is in the up position in the direction of a retraction of the rod 34 in the cylinder, and to put the cylinder in the atmosphere

  when the hook 56 is in the lower hooking position.

  With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be seen that the retraction of the rod of the jack causes rotation of the shaft 26 in the clockwise direction, which causes the lateral support 3 and the control member 14 in the same direction and causes the retraction of the ring 1 against the spring protruding means constituted by the springs 22 and 24 symbolized by the reference S

in Figures 19 and 20.

  The servo mechanism thus described operates as follows. Since the ring 1 is supposed to protrude, the harnesser starts by maneuvering the lever 54 in the direction of the

  arrow F2 to pick up the brackets 56 and thereby provoke

  remove the ring. It can then raise the hatch 44 without effort since no elastic means is opposed

  more. This lifting of the hatch drives the retraction lever

  61 which comes to bear on the stop 63 and remains locked in this position by locking the bolt

  46 behind the latch 47. If there is an incident

  conque on the compressed air circuit, the ring can not come back protruding and the coupler is safe from any accident. Once coupling is effected, the maneuver indicated above of the lever 54 in the direction of the arrow F1 brings the hooks 56 into the lower position and causes the projection of

  the ring 1 by venting the cylinder.

  The double maneuver that follows, successively following the arrows F2 and Fl, to hang the hooks 56 on

  the slats 57a is carried out rapidly, so that the releas-

  Vage hooks, because of the inertia of the cylinder, does not cause meanwhile removal of the ring. In addition, the design of the cam 86 is such that the low amplitude of the movement

  following F2 does not affect the state of the dispenser 84.

* Once the rings 1 and the two cars have been hooked up, the watertightness obtained is excellent.

  (figure 8) thanks to the joints 10, iQa which assure a con-

  perfect night between the two rings, and the membranes

  pleated 38 that extend all the way around the ring.

  The sound insulation is also remarkable thanks to the ef-

  double-walled fetus provided by the outer membranes 36

and inner 38.

  These qualities are preserved whatever the accidents of the way. In the simple curves (Fig. 21), in the S curves (Fig. 22) and in the elevations (Fig. 23), the continuity of the passage is preserved, as well as the sound insulation, since the outer membranes 36, 36a do not never stop being in contact and thus retain the double wall effect. The same is true of the upper beads

43, 43a.

  The type of passage according to the invention is comparable

  tible with conventional cars called "with beads", o

  the passage is only formed by three cylindrical beads

  Hollow hollow rubber dies, upper and lateral. The cooperation

  of these beads with the outer membranes 36 and with the upper bead 43 is performed so

  satisfactory as shown in Figures 24 and 25.

  For such couplers, a flap is provided for

  table 87 articulated on the outer edge of the floor of the

  1, in order to ensure the continuity of the floor. After coupling, it does not proceed to the projecting ring, which remains in the retracted position, the unlocking of the

  hatch 44 being effected by means of the square 69.

  The passage thus obtained still gives complete satis-

  faction in the gradients (Figure 25) and in the cour-

  simple ones (figure 26). However, in the S curves (Figure 27) there may be a hiatus as in the case

  the coupling of two cars with beads between them.

  In addition to this compatibility, the following passage

  vention is still usable as is with a self-propelled

  matic. In such an application, it can even be

  greatly simplified, the ring no longer has to be retracted.

  Of course, the invention is not limited to the example

  describes but covers any technological variant to the

of the person skilled in the art.

Claims (28)

R E V E N D I C A T IO N S   1. Interconnection device between cars of   railway, comprising a rigid ring (1) forming   mechanically connected to one end of a car and provided with means of attachment to a similar ring connected to   another car, characterized in that the means of connection   its mechanics comprise suspension means (2, 3)   of the ring attached to the body (4) of the car.   2. Device according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that the suspension means comprise a   upper bar (2) attached to the upper part of the year   bucket (1) and resting on two lateral supports (3) fixed to   the body (4) of the car by means of an article   (9) allowing their rotation about a vertical axis   cal independently of each other.   3. Device according to claim 2, characterized   characterized in that the upper bar (2) is connected to the lateral supports (3) via links to ball joint (30).   4. Device according to one of claims 2   or 3, characterized in that the upper bar (2) is attached to the upper part of the ring (1) by a connection   (5) allowing angular movement of the bar with respect to   Wear to the ring in all directions.   5. Device according to one of claims 2   at 3, characterized in that it comprises two   Mande (14) mounted on the body (4) of the rotating car   coaxial with the rotation of the lateral supports (3) and accou-   by a coupling rod (18) connected to the lower part of the ring (1).   Device according to claim 5, characterized   characterized in that the coupling rod (18) is connected to   the lower part of the ring (1) by means of a connection   both a clearance between the bar (18) and the ring (1) in   horizontal transverse direction.   7. Device according to one of the claims   3 to 6, characterized in that each lateral support (3) comprises a tube (18) rotatably mounted on the body (4) of the car and carrying a brassupport <13) provided with a ball bearing (30) in which upper bar (2) is slidably mounted.   8. Device according to one of the claims   4 to 7, characterized in that the upper part of the year   bucket (1) carries a bearing (5) in which the upper bar   (2) is mounted by means of a pad (7) made of deformable material.   9. Device according to one of the claims   6-8, characterized in that the coupling bar (18)   between the fork teeth (19) attached to the   lower part of the ring, the spacing of the teeth being   greater than the width of the bar.   10. Device according to one of the claims   at 9, characterized in that each control member (14) comprises a tube (15) coaxial with the tube (18) forming lateral support (3) and provided with a crank arm (17) connected to the coupling bar (18).   11. Device according to one of the claims   2 to 10, characterized in that the lateral supports (3) are fixed to the body (4) of the car by means of elastic means (11) allowing relative movement   vertical of the ring (1) relative to the body (4).   Device according to one of the claims   2 to 11, characterized in that the lateral supports (3) are connected to the body (4) of the car by means of resilient means (24) projecting to rotate them to project the upper part of the car. 'ring (1) out of the car.   Device according to one of the claims   7 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a spring of   pulling (24) connecting the support arm (13) of each side port (3) at the body (4).   14. Device according to one of the claims   to 13, characterized in that the control members (14) are connected to the body (4) of the car by means of projecting resilient means (22) tending to rotate them to project the lower part. of the ring (1) out of the car.   Device according to one of the claims   10 to 14, characterized in that it comprises a tension spring (22) connecting a restoring arm (21) of each   control member (14) at the body (4).   Device according to one of the claims   12 to 15, characterized in that the lower part of   the ring comprises a hinged door (44) hinged   turn of an axis (45) and whose dimensions are intended to allow the passage of a man performing the coupling of cars.   Device according to claim 16, characterized   characterized in that the hatch (44) carries a catch (64) cooperating   with a retraction lever (61) articulated on a lateral face of the ring (1), this lever comprising an appendix (62) arranged to bear on a stop (63) integral with the body (4) of the car pushing the lower part of the ring (1) towards the car when one raise the hatch (44).   18. Device according to claim 17, characterized   characterized in that the hatch (44) carries a bolt (46) for   with a latch (47) for locking the trapdoor raised position.   19. Device according to claim 18, characterized   in that it includes general means (64) for com-   latch '47) to release the bolt (46) and allow the hatch (44) to be folded, allowing the retraction lever (61) to rotate under the effect of the resilient protruding means (22, 24)   20. Device according to one of the claims   18 or 19, characterized in that it comprises special means   latch control means (68, 69), said means being mechanically connected to locking means (65) of the latch   retraction lever (61) to maintain the lower portion   the ring (1) in the retracted position when lower the hatch (44).   21. Device according to one of the claims   19 or 20, characterized in that the general means (54) for controlling the latch (47) are mechanically connected to the attachment means (56) of the ring (1) to the ring (1a) of a other car.   22. Device according to one of the claims   12 to 21, characterized in that it comprises a servo-assistance mechanism to return the ring (1) in the retracted position   towards the car against the elastic means of lie (22, 24).   Device according to claim 16, characterized   in that the servo-servo mechanism includes a   cylinder (135) whose rod (134) is connected to an arm of   level (33) of an auxiliary shaft (26) of axis parallel to the axes of the lateral supports (3), this shaft (26) also carrying a first arm (29) cooperating with the support arm   (13) of the lateral support (3) and a second arm (28) cooperating   with a return arm (21) of the control member (14).   24. Device according to one of the claims   1 to 23, characterized in that it comprises a diaphragm de-   formable (36) extending on the sides of the ring (1), fixed on the one hand to the body (4) of the car and other   part of the outer edge of the ring in relation to the   ture, and having a convexity directed outwards of the car.   25. Device according to claim 24, characterized in that it comprises a hollow coil 143) of elastic material extending horizontally above of the ring (1).   Device according to one of the claims   1 to 25, characterized in that it comprises a membrane   pleated (38) connected on the one hand to the body (4) of the   ture and on the other hand to the inner edge of the ring (1) relative to the car, and extending on all four sides of the ring.   27. Device according to claim 26, characterized   in that it includes two side protection   (42) located inside the ring (1) and applying   elastic means on the zones of attachment of   the pleated membrane (38) on the ring (1).   28. Device according to one of the claims   1 to 27, characterized in that it comprises a folding flap   ble (87) articulated on the edge of the lower part of the ring to ensure continuity of passage with a   car equipped with another type of interchange lation.