FR2903395A1 - Load lifting hook, has clamping jaws opening unit including electromechanical unit actuated by radio wave transmitter, batteries and power generator for unlocking closed position of jaws by deactivating locking unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The hook has two clamping jaws (1a, 1b) rotatably displaced between an open position (A1) and a closed position. A mechanical locking unit maintains the jaws in the closed position. A clamping jaws opening unit rotatably displaces the jaws from the closed position towards the open position under the influence of an elastic return unit i.e. spring (3-5). The opening unit includes an electromechanical unit actuated by a radio wave transmitter (6-5), batteries and power generator (6-2) for unlocking the closed position of the jaws by deactivating the locking unit.

Description

T 2903395 1 LIFTING HOOK WITH REMOTE CONTROL AUTONOMOUS IN ENERGY The

  The present invention relates to a lifting hook type device for carrying out lifting operations of a load to be lifted by means of a gripping element, such as a gripping link or gripping ring connected to the load, that one hangs on said lifting hook. Various lifting hooks are known comprising locking / unlocking systems which generally require to be implemented, in particular to actuate the unlocking, to have access to the hook itself and / or to modify its position, which is made difficult when the raised load is deposited in a location difficult to access or visible, especially in height. An object of the present invention is to provide a lifting hook 15 whose reliability is improved and, in particular, with regard to its open and closed positions. More particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide a lifting hook comprising a hook opening and closing control system whose reliability is improved and whose implementation is easier, regardless of the difficulties of access or visibility of the hook after lifting operation and laying the load. To do this, the present invention provides a lifting hook comprising two jaws able to be moved in rotation between an opening position in which their ends forming half hooks, in particular of curved shape, are spaced apart from one another. another, and a closing position in which their said ends are close together, and preferably overlapping, so as to be able to hook a gripping element of a load to be lifted, such as a first link or 2903395 2 first ring passing over or respectively through said jaw ends thus brought together, and - at least one connecting piece comprising a point of attachment of a lifting element, such as a second link or second lifting ring, preferably said lifting element being at the end of a hoist, when said lifting element exerts traction on said connecting piece when lifting a said tank ge, and - mechanical locking means capable of holding said jaws in said closed position, characterized in that it comprises means for opening the jaws allowing said jaws to move in rotation from said closed position to said position opening means under the effect of at least a first return means, said opening means comprising electromechanical means operable by remote control and autonomous energy for unlocking said closed position by deactivation of said mechanical locking means. The lifting hook according to the invention thus makes it possible to automatically unhook the gripping element remotely without the intervention of personnel at the site where the load is deposited and without being impeded by connecting elements for the supply of energy to said load-bearing means. opening such as electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic connections whose ducts, such as cables, pipes or others, which is particularly advantageous when the load is deposited in difficult or dangerous places of access.

  Advantageously, said displacement in rotation of the jaws, from said closed position to said open position, is possible only when no said traction of intensity greater than the voltage of said first return means is exerted by said element of lifting on said connecting piece and by said gripping element on said ends of said jaws in the closed position.

The fact that traction exerted by said lifting element on said connecting piece during the lifting operation and / or traction exerted by said gripping element by the weight of the load lifted on said bit ends in the closed position, prohibits the opening of said jaws 5 and therefore, the unlocking of the closed position by deactivation of the locking means are only effective when the load is laid, provides an additional double security, avoiding any risk of opening during lifting operation. More particularly, said electromechanical opening means 10 comprise a power supply battery, and an electricity generator operating by transformation into electricity of a mechanical energy resulting from the setting in motion of said generator, this setting in motion of the generator being linked the rotational movement of said jaws, said generator being able to recharge said battery.

This connection between the movement of the jaws and the movement of the generator may be direct or more generally indirect, namely via, in particular, a kinematic connecting element and / or a lever arm as explained hereinafter. The hook according to the invention thus has the particular advantage of being made autonomous in energy by its very operation, namely that the batteries that supply energy to the electromechanical opening means by deactivation of the mechanical locking means are reloaded by a mechanically driven generator in motion, preferably in rotation, at each arming operation of the hook for its initial closure on the gripping element and at each reopening operation of the hook after the lifting and unlocking operations. In a preferred embodiment of the lifting hook according to the invention, said connecting piece is able to be displaced in translation in the same direction of translation XX 'in one direction, towards a lifting position under the effect of traction exerted by a said lifting element, and 5 • in the other direction, to a rest position under the effect of a said first return means when no force of intensity greater than the tension of said first return means is exerted on said connecting piece to move or maintain said lifting position, and 10 -said mechanical locking means are able to maintain said connecting piece in said lifting position in the absence of said traction exerted on said connecting piece by said lifting element, and / or on said ends of the jaws in said closed position, and - said jaws and said connecting piece are able to cooperate in kinematic connection. ue such that said displacement in translation of said connecting piece from a said rest position to a said lifting position causes the rotational movements of said jaws from a said open position to a said closed position and vice versa.

As explained above, it is understood that traction exerted on the connecting piece by the lifting element in the translational direction holds the jaws in the closed position, and the release of said pulls on the connecting pieces and ends. jaws authorizes the opening of the hook under the effect of said first return means, subject to the prior deactivation of the mechanical locking means by said electromechanical opening means. More particularly still, said connecting piece comprises two clevises having first slots extending in said translational direction, able to cooperate with translation guide elements including a first fixed guide element such as a first pin. fixed through said first slots so as to allow sliding and guiding of said yokes in a said translation direction XX ', and 5 - said yokes are integral with a kinematic connecting element with said jaws, said kinematic connecting element s' extending transversely to said undercuts below said first lumens and passing through two second angled lumens of the two jaws respectively, said jaws being pressed against each other, and interposed between the two clevises, - the shape and arrangement of said second jaws lights of said jaws being such that said displacement in translation of said element kinematic connection and said yokes causes said rotational movements of said jaws.

More particularly still, a lifting hook according to the invention comprises two flanges between which are interposed the two said yokes, said flanges comprising third lumens traversed by said kinematic connecting element, said third lumens being of the same shape and arranged in the same direction XX 'as said first 20 lights, so that said third lights form fixed female guide members for guiding in translation of said yokes in combination with said first fixed male guide member cooperating with said first lights, by sliding said first guiding elements and said kinematic connecting element 25 in respectively said first and third lumens. Said first pins and kinematic connecting elements also form transverse connecting struts between said flanges. In a preferred embodiment, the lifting hook according to the invention comprises means for actuating and activating said kinematic connecting element and said mechanical locking means respectively, said actuating means comprising a suitable lever arm. to be articulated in rotation manually, preferably again with the aid of a handle, said lever arm cooperating with said kinematic connecting element so that the rotational displacement of the lever arm makes it possible to move in translation XX ' said kinematic connecting element, preferably by pushing, thus move said jaws from a said open position to a said closed position of the jaws and activate said mechanical locking means. This maneuver makes it possible, after having manually placed said gripping element in the open space between the two half hooks in the open position, to actuate manually or with the foot the closing position of the hook and to activate in the same way its locking in the closed position after engaging said load gripping member between said jaws and before exerting said traction on said connecting piece by said lifting member which secures the mechanical locking by said mechanical locking means. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, said mechanical locking means comprise a link articulated in rotation, comprising at one end a cam follower adapted to cooperate with the shape of the end of said lever arm in the shape of a gooseneck under the action of a second biasing means, said gooseneck shape comprising a concave portion and a corresponding convex portion, of profiles in circular parts on the lower and respectively upper faces of said end of the lever arm, so that that: - said blocking occurs when said cam follower abuts against said concave portion of said gooseneck under the action of the second biasing means, said lever arm thus being held in translation displacement position of said element kinematic connection, preferably by pushing, corresponding to a said closed position 30 of said jaws and said lifting position of the said connecting piece, and the activation of said locking means is by actuation in rotation of said lever arm, said convex portion allowing said cam follower to be temporarily released by pivoting of said link and rolling of said roller on the surface of said convex portion until said cam follower is received in said corresponding concave portion in the locked position under the effect of said second biasing means. The gooseneck shape results from the fact that said convex portion at the end of said lever arm defines therewith a bend or a first upward bend, which first bend also serves as a bumper or retainer of said bead element. kinematic connection during its thrust when actuated by said lever arm and the activation of said mechanical locking means. Advantageously, said electromechanical means for opening by deactivation of said blocking means comprise a cam or trigger actuated by an electric motor powered by a said battery, preferably a rotary cam or trigger whose rotation is controlled by a motor reduction gear, the actuation the cam or trigger causing pivoting of said link in the direction causing disengagement of said roller from said concave portion of the end of the gooseneck lever arm, counteracting the effect of said second biasing means. Advantageously, said remote opening means further comprise a control unit independent of the rest of the lifting hook, comprising a radio wave transmitter, and a radio wave receiver integrated in the lifting hook, enabling to control the electromechanical elements of said opening means.

More particularly, said radio wave receiver makes it possible to control the supply of said electric motor and to actuate a said trigger or cam. Advantageously, said electricity generator cooperates with a sprocket gear creating a rotational movement by rotation of said jaws. More particularly, said sprocket gear cooperates with said lever arm creating a rotational movement of said sprockets during the rotational actuation of said lever arm.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows, given in an illustrative and nonlimiting manner, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11, in which: FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a lifting hook 15 according to the invention, in the hook opening position A1, A2, FIG. 2 represents a side view on the edge of a lifting hook according to the invention, FIGS. 3A and 3B represent two jaws 1a, 1b arranged symmetrically but detached from the lifting hook assembly, FIGS. 4A and 4B show a view of the connecting piece 3 detached from the lifting hook, shown from the front (FIG. 4A) and from the side (Figure 4B), Figure 5 shows the lever arm 7 for actuating, in closing, the washing hook according to the invention, shown here in spare parts, Figures 6A and 6B show the locking rod view FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a hook according to the invention seen from the front, showing a flange 5a with a said third light 5c. FIGS. 8 to 8 are shown in FIG. 10 represent a lifting hook according to the invention 5 at the different positions, namely: FIG. 8: open position A1 of the jaws and rest position A2 of the connecting piece, FIG. 9: intermediate position of closure of the two jaws and lifting of the connecting piece, 10 - figure 10: complete closure position B1 of the two jaws and lifting position B2 of the connecting piece, Figure 11 shows the release kinematics of the link to allow a new phase opening of the hook. The lifting hook according to the invention as shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 comprises two jaws 1a, 1b, formed respectively in two plates arranged parallel to one another, the two plates being of the same shape. but arranged symmetrically, each plate having a lower end portion forming a half hook 2a, 2b curved. The two plates 1a, 1b are articulated in rotation about a common axis of rotation 4 extending perpendicularly to said plates. Said ends 2a, 2b form symmetrical half-hooks, so that when they move in rotation about the axis 4 relative to each other, they close one on the other like a pair of scissors or pliers and form a completely closed hook when the two half hooks overlap. When the lifting hook according to the invention is positioned in lifting operation, it comprises an upper part and a lower part, or a top and a bottom, as well as the various elements that compose it. The hoist hook is suspended at the end of a hoisting member, such as a hoist link 42 at the end of a hoist, and a hoist load 43 is suspended, in turn, at the bottom of a hook according to the invention, by means of a gripping element comprising a first link 4, possibly terminated by a first ring. Likewise, the lifting link 42 may be terminated by a shackle or may form a loop around an element in the upper part of the hook. The lifting hook device according to the invention comprises a connecting piece 3 formed of clevises 3 ,, of mutually identical shapes arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart by transverse rods 36, 34 forming spacers between the yokes. The two jaws la, lb are interposed between the two yokes 3, and are held pressed against each other by said yokes 3,. The two clevises 31 each comprise a first perforation or first longiligne 32, of the same shape.

Said yokes 3, and said first lumens 32 extend in the same direction XX ', perpendicular to the transverse axis of transverse rotation 4 of said jaws la, lb. The jaws also comprise second or elongated second openings 3a, 3b of the same shape as said first 20 slots 32i which extend above the common axis of rotation 4 of the two jaws 1a, 1b. But the two said second perforations or second lumens 32 of the jaws la, lb, are arranged obliquely with respect to said direction XX ', in which said first lumens 32 extend.

Said clevises 3 are, themselves, interposed between two flanges 5a, 5b, fixed, arranged parallel and spaced from each other by transverse rods forming spacers 5d, one of which corresponds to the common axis of rotation 4 of the jaws and another of which forms a first fixed pin 33 passing through the yokes at their first slots 32 and thus serves as a male guide element when said yokes 3, and said first lights 32 move in translation in the direction XX '.

The two flanges 5a, 5b comprise third lights 5c, of the same elongated shape, in the same direction XX 'as said first slots 32 of the yokes 3 ,, arranged symmetrically opposite one another and arranged at the above the transverse rod serving as connecting element 5 and common axis of rotation 4 of the two jaws and forming spacer for fixing the two flanges relative to each other. The yokes 3, are traversed at their base, below said first lumens 32, by a transverse rod 34 also forming a spacer between the two yokes 3 ,, and extending transversely across said third lights 5c of each of the two flanges 5a and 5b. The respective arrangements, in the same direction XX ', of said first and third lights of the same elongated shape, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, transverse rods 33, 34, extending in a perpendicular direction through said first and third lights, respectively, provide guidance in translation in said direction XX 'by sliding the transverse rods 33 and 34, through said first and third lights respectively. In addition, the transverse rod 34 extending integrally through the yokes 3 ,, also passes through the two said second lights 3a, 3b of the two jaws la, lb, and thus ensures the kinematic connection between a translational movement of the piece. link 3 and a rotational movement of the two jaws, as explained below. The two said second lumens 3a, 3b, of the two jaws 1a, 1b, are arranged at an angle, that is to say inclined with respect to said translation direction XX 'of the connecting piece 3, at an acute angle a for the one and for the other, since they are arranged symmetrically with respect to said direction XX '. This inclined arrangement allows that, when a thrust or traction is exerted in the translation direction XX 'on the spacer 30 forming the kinematic connecting element 34 sliding in said third lights 5c flanges 5a, 5b, with sliding simultaneous 2903395 12 said first lights 32 around said fixed transverse lug 33, there occurs concomitantly a symmetrical rotation movement of the two jaws which deviate symmetrically relative to each other or are symmetrically approaching one with respect to the other, with respect to the direction XX '. The various perforations or apertures 32, 3a, 3b, 5c, have a shape suitable for guiding a spacer rod, namely said lug 33 and operating axis or kinematic connecting element 34, since they define a delimited corridor by two longitudinal sides, 10 parallel, rectilinear, spaced a distance corresponding to the diameter of the section of said transverse rods 33 and 34. Said first and third lights 32 and 5c, are arranged in said translation direction XX ', namely a vertical direction when the attachment point 3, the link or lifting ring 42 is vertical to the point of retention of the link or gripping ring 41 in the axis of said connecting piece 3 and also aligned with the axis of common rotation 4 of the jaws la, lb. More specifically, when the kinematic linkage element 34 is in a low position in said third lumens 5c and said pin 33 is in a high position in said first lumens 32i, the jaws 1a and 1b are in the open position, spaced apart by compared to the other, arranged symmetrically with respect to the direction XX '. By exerting an upward thrust, from this position, on the kinematic connecting element 34, the latter moves through said third lights 5c of the flanges, 25 and said first lights 32 of the yokes 31 are displaced concomitantly with each other. translation until the fixed pin 33 is in the lower position relative to said first lights 32. The upward thrust of the kinematic linkage element 34 in the second lights 3a and 3b, causes a decrease in inclination 30 of said second lights 3a and 3b relative to the direction of thrust or direction of translation XX ', causing rotation of the jaws 1a, 1b, 2b, 3b around their common axis of rotation 4, and bringing their ends closer together half hook shape 2a, 2b, until the kinematic linkage 34 reaches the end of its stroke. This position also corresponds to an overlap of the two ends 2a, 2b, jaws 5a, 1b, closing the space between the two ends and thus forming a closed hook, adapted to retain a gripping link 4, passing through above the two ends forming a half hook 2a, 2b, and therefore inside the space 4a above the two half hooks in the closed position. The connecting piece 3 comprising the two yokes 3a is subjected to a first elastic return means 35, consisting of a spring whose one end is connected to a flange 5a and the other end is connected to a yoke 31 at the level of the operating axis or kinematic connecting element 34. The point of attachment of the spring 35 to the flange 5a is located below the point of attachment of the spring 35 to the yoke 3,. Thus, the spring 35 holds the connecting piece 3 in the low position A2 and the jaws in the open position A1, positions in which the spring 35 is relaxed or in the rest position. And, when it exerts a push or pull up on the kinematic connecting element 34, the latter constituting an axis of operation of the connecting piece 3, the spring 35 is stretched.

Preferably, two springs 35 are provided, one on each flange 5a, 5b, respectively connected to each yoke 3, that is to say on each outer face of each flange, preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane median between the two flanges and in the same direction of translation XX '.

The lifting hook device according to the invention comprises a lever arm 7, shown in FIG. 5, which is articulated in rotation about a transverse axis 73, integral with the flanges 5a, 5b. The lever arm 7 comprises a gooseneck-shaped end passing beneath the maneuvering axis where kinematic linkage element 34, with a bend or first curved shape 74 bent upwards, forming a stop for retain the operating axis or kinematic link element 2903395 14 34. The lever arm 7 can be actuated in rotation by means of a handle 71, so that when the latter is lowered, the ends of the lever arm 7 raises the operating axis or kinematic connecting element 34, which is then resting on said end of the lever arm, and then slides in the translation direction XX 'in said third lights 5c of the flanges 5a, 5b while the connecting piece 3 is raised with sliding said first slots 32 around the guide pin 33 forming a spacer between the flanges 5a, 5b. This operating handle 7 can be operated by hand or, more generally, with a foot for closing the hook before the lifting operation is carried out. Preferably, the operating handle 7 makes it possible to actuate two lever arms 7, positioned symmetrically at each end of the same transverse axis of rotation 73, against the outer faces of each flange 15 5a, 5b, and whose ends cooperate respectively with the two ends of said operating axis or kinematic connecting element 34 traversing transversely respectively the two third lights 5c of each flange, and said second lights 3a, 3b, jaws la, lb. The lifting hook device according to the invention comprises mechanical locking means in the closed position B1, B2. These mechanical locking means comprise a link 51, shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, and the end of the lever arm 7 in the shape of a gooseneck. The locking rod 5 comprises, at one upper end, a circular cam follower or rotating roller 52 and at the other lower end it is connected to one end of a second biasing means or spring 53. 53 whose other end is fixed on one of the flanges 5a, 5b. The rod 5 is articulated in rotation about its transverse axis 30 of rotation 5 ,, integral with at least one of the flanges 5a, 5b. The axis 5 of rotation 5 of the rod 5 is located on the opposite side of the connecting piece 3 with respect to the transverse axis of rotation 73 of the lever arm 7. Said second spring 53 drives the rotary roller 52 in rotation downwards, when it can move freely.

The swept colde end of the lever arm 7 forms, after said first curvature 74, a terminal counterbore defining on the surface a lower concave portion 54i of partly circular profile, and on its upper or outer face , a corresponding upper convex portion 55, of rounded profile, on which can roll the rotating roller 52, and thus constituting a cam path for the rotating roller 52. The link 5, and the end of the lever arm 7 in are in the open position A1, A2, the rotatable roller or cam follower 52 is in a low position but, nevertheless, positioned above the upper convex part 55 of the end of the lever arm 7 shaped gooseneck, and - when raising the actuating axis or kinematic connecting element 34 by actuating the lever arm 7 in rotation, the upper convex portion 20 55 of form rounded raises the cam follower 52 (Figure 9), and causes the rotation of the rod 5, by tensioning the second spring 53. And, the end of the lever arm 7 in the shape of a gooseneck and the end of the link 5, comprising the cam follower 52 move in rotation in opposite directions around their respective axes of rotation 73i 56. The cam follower 52 rolls on the convex portion 55 on which it is supported, up to the end of the lever arm continues its stroke above the roller 52. At this stage, the rod 5, is no longer supported on said convex portion 55 and the link 5, is then folded in reverse rotation by 30 the second spring 53i with downwardly rotating movement of its end including the cam follower 52. And, the shape and position of said concave portion 54 at the underside of the arm-shaped end of the arm lever 7, allow the cam follower 52 to be housed in the said concave portion 54 from the partly circular profile of said concave portion (FIG. 10), said circular profile of the concave portion a circular sector sufficient to surround the roller so that the cam follower is held there by in blockage. The combined tension of the first spring 35 on the actuating shaft or kinematic connecting element 34i and the second spring 53 generates downward rotations of the gooseneck-shaped ends of the lever arm 7 and the roller. At the end of the rod 51, there is nevertheless a support blocking the cam follower 52 in said concave portion 54 since said cam follower 52 and said concave portion 54 are urged in rotation in opposite directions. against the other, which in the circularly shaped shape of the concave portion 54 surrounding the cam follower 52, itself also circular, retains it in said concave portion. The device according to the invention comprises means for opening the hook consisting of electromechanical means for unlocking by deactivating the blocking means. These electromechanical opening means comprise a rotary cam 64 actuated in rotation by a motor or gear motor 63, itself powered by batteries 6,. The rotary cam 64, the motor 63 and the batteries 6, are integral or fixed against an outer face of one of the flanges 5a, 5b. The rotary cam 64, when it is actuated in rotation, presses on the part of the rod 5, situated below its axis of rotation 5 ,, and, thus, tension the second spring 53 and release the cam follower 52 from the concave portion 54 (Figure 11). This clearance occurs by moving in rotation upwardly the end of the link 5, comprising the cam follower 52, and causes the displacement in translation downwards of the operating axis or kinematic linkage element 34 and the displacement in opposite direction towards the bottom of the end of the lever arm 7 in the shape of a gooseneck, by the action of said first spring 35. The action of said first spring 35 exerts a tension of intensity less than the weight of said lifting hook, so that the opening of the 5 jaws 2a, 2b can not be effective and the unlocking of the locking system can be effective only if the connecting piece 3 and therefore the axis of maneuver or kinematic linkage 34 are no longer pulled upward, including, where appropriate, by the lifting link 42. Similarly, the downward pull exerted by the gripping link 4, and the load to be lifted 43 10 prevents rotational movement of the ends of the jaws 2a, 2b, towards an open position, by the thrust exerted by said second lights 3a, 3b on the actuating shaft or kinematic connecting element 34, thus maintained in the high position. During the lifting operations, there is therefore a double security preventing opening of the jaws by the pulls exerted on said connecting piece 3 upwards and / or on said half hooks 2a, 2b in the closed position downwards. . Thus, in practice, the lifting hook according to the invention can be opened only when the load is at rest and the lifting link 42 no longer exerts traction on the connecting piece 3.

In fact, the function of the mechanical locking means is, above all, to maintain said connecting piece 3 in the up position and the jaws in the closed position in the absence of traction exerted on said connecting piece 3 by the lifting link. 42 before the lifting operation, during the establishment of the gripping link 4 ,, then closing the hook and 25 fixing the lifting element 42. Said electromechanical opening means further comprise a housing autonomous control device comprising a radio wave transmitter 65, independent of the lifting hook, and a radio wave receiver 6 (fixed on the outer face of one of said flanges 5a, 5b, for triggering the power supply to the motor electrical and, consequently, the rotational actuation of said rotary cam 64 and the unlocking of said blocking means The radio transmitter box 65 is actuated manually by an operator, making it possible to provoke remote unlocking and opening of the hook. In fact, the radio wave receiver 6 comprises an antenna and electronic means for processing the radio signal, making it possible to actuate an electronic component acting as a switch or micro-switch controlling the power supply of the electric motor 63 by means of batteries 6 ,. The electromechanical opening means of the lifting hook according to the invention are therefore remotely operable by said control box comprising a radio wave emitter 65, and are energy-autonomous in that they comprise a generator electricity 62, for recharging said batteries 6,. The electricity generator 62 is a dynamo type generator which makes it possible to generate electricity by transforming the mechanical energy of a mechanical rotation movement. To do this, the electricity generator 62 cooperates with a pinion gear 72 fixed on the axis of rotation 73 of the lever arm 7. Thus, at each initial closure of the hook by rotation of the handle 71, but also during pivoting the downward end of the gooseneck end of the lever arm 7 when the jaws open by unlocking the locking means in closing the hook, there is a rotation of the gear gears 72, to generate electricity by the generator 62 and thus feed the batteries 6 ,, the lifting hook 1 according to the invention thus being autonomous in electrical energy.

In FIG. 2, a cover 5 is shown covering and protecting the various elements fixed on the outer faces of the flanges 5a and 5b, with an opening 75 making it possible to actuate the handle 7 in rotation. The use of a lifting hook device according to the invention comprises the following handling and operation steps: ## EQU1 ## 1- No traction greater than the weight of the lifting hook being exerted on the connecting piece at the level of the fixing point of said lifting element 42, the hooks remain in the open position and can be placed said gripping element in the space between the two half hooks. 2- Then the handle 7 is operated downwardly, causing the lever arm 7 to raise up and the rotation of the charge generator 62 of the batteries 61, by means of the gearwheel 72. 3 - The lever arm thus manipulated raises the operating axis or kinematic linkage 34 which evolves in said second 10 lights 3a, 3b, two jaws la, lb, and said third lights 5c flanges 5a, 5b, until when said jaws are closed, said second lights 3a, 3b being positioned obliquely, the translation of said kinematic connecting element 34 upwards exerts a thrust on said second lights 3a, 3b, and causes said jaws 2a, 2b to rotate; . 4- When raising said lever arm 7, the convex upper portion 55 of the gooseneck-shaped end of the lever arm 7 abuts on the link 5, and causes the displacement in rotation in the opposite direction of the locking rod 5, until the cam follower 52 at the end of the locking rod 5, comes to lock under the effect 20 of said second return means 53 in the concave portion in the underside of the gooseneck end of the lever arm 7 at the end of the lever arm stroke. The jaws 2a, 2b are thus locked in the closed position around said gripping element. In this closed position, the two said first biasing means and the second biasing means are under tension. 5- During the lifting operations, any pressure exerted on said connecting piece 3 via the lifting element 42 or on the ends 2a, 2b, jaws in the closed position, exerted by the weight of the load to raising helps to increase the tension of said first and second biasing means and thus secures the locking in the closed position. Thus, the heavier the load to be lifted, the greater the tightness of the end of the jaws 2a, 2b, in the closed position, thus avoiding any risk of inadvertent opening of the hooks in the lifting operation, in particular due to inadvertent manipulation on the remote control of the opening means. When the lifting operation is completed and the load is placed, no more traction being exerted by the lifting element 42 on the connecting piece 3 or by the gripping element 4, on the ends 2a, 2b, jaws 1a, 1b, in the closed position, actuating a transmitter button of the independent radio remote control 65, whose receiver 6, 10 placed in the hook receives the signal and processes it, which starts said motor 63 causing rotation of the unlocking cam 64, a mini-breaker causing the automatic disabling cam 64 to stop automatically after it has caused rotation of the link to disengage its cam follower 52 out of said concave portion on the underside of the gooseneck-shaped end of the lever arm 7. Once the locking means have been unlocked, the actuating shaft or kinematic connecting element 34 is biased by said first return means 35 , so the extremes mites 2a, 2b of the jaws return to the initial opening position, and the rotational movement of the jaws 2a, 2b, 20 causes the rotation of the lever arm and the sprocket gear 72. The actuation in the sprocket gear 72 causes rotation of the charge generator 62, again allowing the supply of the batteries 6, by the action of said first biasing means 35, the connecting piece 3 is also brought back into its said initial rest position.

During the entire lifting period, the unlocking action of the hook closure is rendered inoperative, which constitutes additional security in the context of a remotely controlled opening system. It is only after the load is loaded and the lift link is relaxed that the stall operation can be performed.

Claims (13)

  1. Lifting hook comprising - two jaws (la, lb) able to be moved in rotation between an open position (Al) in which their ends (2a, 2b) forming half hooks are spaced one of the another, and a closing position (BI) in which their said ends (2a, 2b) are brought together, and preferably overlapping, so as to be able to hang a gripping element (4,) of a lifting load (42) such that a first link or first ring (4,) passing over or respectively through said ends (2a, 2b) of jaws thus close together, and - at least one connecting piece (3) comprising a point of attaching a lifting member (42) such as a second link or second lifting ring, when said lifting member pulls on said connecting piece when lifting said load, and - mechanical means of blocking (5, -56) able to hold said jaws in said closed position , Characterized in that it comprises means for opening the jaws (6, -65) allowing the said jaws to move in rotation from the said closed position (BI) to the said open position (A1) under the effect of at least one first return means (35), said opening means comprising electromechanical means operable by remote control (65) and energy independent (61, 62) for unlocking said closed position by deactivation of said mechanical means blocking.   2. Hook according to claim 1, characterized in that said displacement in rotation of the jaws (1a, 1b) from said closed position (B1) to said open position (A1), is possible only when no such traction of greater intensity than the tension of said first biasing means is exerted by said lifting element on said connecting piece and by said gripping element on said ends (2a, 2b) of said jaws in the closed position.   A lifting hook according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said electromechanical opening means comprise a battery (6) for power supply, and an electricity generator (62) operating by transformation into electricity of a mechanical energy resulting from the setting in motion of said generator, this setting in motion being linked to the rotational displacement of said jaws, said generator being able to recharge said battery.   4. Lifting hook according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that - said connecting piece is adapted to be displaced in translation in the same direction of translation (XX ') 15 • in one direction, to a position lifting (B2) under the effect of traction exerted by a said lifting element, and • in the other direction, to a rest position (A2) under the effect of a said first return means ( 35) when no force greater than the tension of said first return means is exerted on said connecting piece to move or maintain said lifting position, and - said mechanical locking means are able to maintain said connecting piece in said lifting position in the absence of said traction exerted on said connecting piece by said lifting element, and / or on said ends (2a, 2b) of the jaws in said closed position, and - said jaws and said connecting piece are able to cooperate in kinematic connection such that said displacement in translation of said connecting piece from a said rest position (A2) to a said lifting position (B2) causes the rotational movements of said jaws 2903395 23 from a said open position (Al) to a said closed position (B1) and vice versa.   Lifting hook according to claim 4, characterized in that the said connecting piece comprises two yokes (31) comprising first slots (32) extending in the said direction of translation, able to cooperate with guide elements. in translation (33, 5c) including a first guide element (33) fixed such as a first fixed lug passing through said first slots so as to allow sliding and guiding said yokes in a said direction of translation (XX ') and said yokes are secured to a kinematic connecting member (34) with said jaws, said kinematic connecting member (34) extending transversely to said yokes below said first lumens (32) and passing through two seconds skewed lights (3a, 3b) of the two jaws respectively, said jaws being pressed against one another, and interposed between the two clevises, - the shape and arrangement of said second lumi said jaws being such that said translational displacement of said kinematic linkage member and said clevises causes said rotational displacements of said jaws.   6. Lifting hook according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises two flanges (5a, 5b) between which are interposed the two said yokes (3,), said flanges (5a, 5b) comprising third lights ( 5c) traversed by said kinematic connecting element (34), said third lumens being of the same shape and arranged in the same direction (XX ') as said first lumens (32), so that said third lumens (5c) form elements fixed female guide guides for translational guiding of said yokes in combination with said first fixed male guide member (33) cooperating with said first slots (32) by sliding said first guide members (33) and said connecting member kinematics (34) in respectively said first and third lights.   7. Lifting hook according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that it comprises means for actuating and activating said kinematic connecting element and respectively said mechanical locking means, said actuating means comprising a lever arm (7) adapted to be articulated in rotation manually, more preferably by means of a handle (7), said lever arm cooperating with said kinematic connecting element so that the rotational movement lever arm makes it possible to move in translation said kinematic connecting element, preferably by pushing, thus move said jaws from a said open position (A1) to a said closed position (B1) of the jaws and activate said mechanical means blocking. 15   8. Lifting hook according to claim 7, characterized in that said mechanical locking means comprise a link (5,) hinged in rotation, having at one end a cam follower (52) adapted to cooperate with the shape of the end of said gooseneck lever arm (7) under the action of a second biasing means (53), said gooseneck shape including a concave portion (54) and a convex portion (55) corresponding, of profiles in circular parts, on the lower and respectively upper faces of said end of the lever arm, so that: - said blocking occurs when said cam follower abuts against said concave portion (54) of said gooseneck under the action of the second biasing means (53), said lever arm thus being held in translational displacement position of said kinematic connecting element, preferably by pushing, corresponding to a said closing position one of said jaws and said lifting position of said connecting piece, and the activation of said locking means is done by rotationally actuating said lever arm, said convex portion (55) making it possible to temporarily release said roller from cam by pivoting said link and rolling said roller on the surface of said convex portion until said cam follower is housed in said corresponding concave portion in the locking position under the effect of said second means 5 return.   Lifting hook according to claim 8, characterized in that said electromechanical means for opening by deactivation of said locking means comprise a cam or trigger (64) actuated by an electric motor (63) supplied by said battery (6, ), preferably a rotating cam or trigger whose rotation is controlled by a motor reducer, the actuation of the cam or trigger causing the pivoting of said link in the direction causing a disengagement of said roller from said concave portion (54) of the end of the gooseneck lever arm, counteracting the effect of said second biasing means (53).   Lifting hook according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said remote opening means further comprise: a control box independent of the remainder of the lifting hook, comprising a wave transmitter radio (65), and a radio wave receiver (66) integrated with the lifting hook, for controlling the electromechanical elements of said opening means.   Lifting hook according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that said radio wave receiver (66) controls the supply of said electric motor (63) and actuates said trigger or cam (64). .   Lifting hook according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that said electricity generator (62) cooperates with a gear wheel (72) creating rotational movement by rotation of said jaws.   A hook according to claim 12, characterized in that said pinion gear (72) cooperates with said lever arm (7) creating a rotational movement of said pinions (72) upon rotational actuation of said lever arm.