FI77687B - Foerfarande foer utvinning av kolvaete ur oljeskiffer. - Google Patents
Foerfarande foer utvinning av kolvaete ur oljeskiffer. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI77687B FI77687B FI830344A FI830344A FI77687B FI 77687 B FI77687 B FI 77687B FI 830344 A FI830344 A FI 830344A FI 830344 A FI830344 A FI 830344A FI 77687 B FI77687 B FI 77687B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- reagent
- hydrocarbons
- reaction
- oil shale
- sulfur
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 125
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 107
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 86
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol Substances OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- ZOCLAPYLSUCOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrosulfide Chemical group [SH-].[K+] ZOCLAPYLSUCOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052977 alkali metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium disulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-][S-] SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[K+].[K+] DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- YJCZGTAEFYFJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,3,5-tetramethyl-1h-pyrazole-4-sulfonamide Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C=1C(C)=NNC=1C YJCZGTAEFYFJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- OUZIIFOEMPAZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)sulfanylethyl]-2-methyl-2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]sulfonylpropanamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=NC=1S(=O)(=O)C(C)(C)C(=O)NCCSC1=CC=CC=C1Cl OUZIIFOEMPAZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical class CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LTJSXGVQCAVSJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K+].[K+].[S-][S-] Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[S-][S-] LTJSXGVQCAVSJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 crude oil Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003447 supported reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPCOQCKIZXZTDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[S-2].[K+].[K+] Chemical compound O.[S-2].[K+].[K+] DPCOQCKIZXZTDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000974485 Aricia shasta Species 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021333 Na2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012070 reactive reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003298 rubidium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNHKSXOTUHOTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;sulfane Chemical compound [Na].S UNHKSXOTUHOTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007039 two-step reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/06—Metal salts, or metal salts deposited on a carrier
- C10G29/10—Sulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Claims (19)
1. Förfarande för att utvinna värdiga kolväten ur olje-skiffer, vid vilket oljeskiffern reageras vid förhöjd temperatur i itminstone en reaktionszon med en reaktant bestaende av en alkalimetalls vätesulfid, sulfid, polysulfid eller av ett hydrat därav eller blandningar av deesa föreningar, i närvaro av vatten och eventuellt vätesulfid eller svavel, vid ett tryck mellan undertryck och 10 atm, kännetecknat av a) att oljeskiffern fragmenteras vid reagering med nämnda reaktant och vatten, som kan ha formen av änga, utan att den fragmenterade produkten hills i en reaktionszon, b) att värdiga kolvätena och ett stoft av oijeskifferns gangart separeras fran den del av nämnda oijeskiffer som icke reagerat, genom att avlägsnas i en flödesström av nämnda partiklar, värdiga kolvätena och vatten i form av anga, c) att gingartsstoftet vidare separeras fran nämnda värdiga kolväten, varvid nämnda kolväten och inga befinner sig i ing-/eller gasform i atminstone en gas- och stoft-separeringszon, d) att det salunda separerade fina gingartsstoftet tillvara-tas, och e) att de silunda separerade värdiga kolvätena tillvaratae sisom endera gaeformiga eller vätskeformiga kolväten genom kylning och/eller kondensering och gärna ytterligare reagering av nämnda värdiga kolväten med ovan angivna reaktant i buren eller oburen form. Il 39 77687
2. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att de tillvaratagna värdiga kolvätena fär reagera med nämnda reaktant i närvaro av vatten i ett flertal ytterligare reaktionszoner, varvid reaktanten utgörs av den i krav 1 angivna reaktanten, varvid en reaktant i varje reaktionszon är densamma eller en annan reaktant, och varvid reaktanten är en buren eller oburen reaktant.
3. Förfarande enligt krav 2, kännetecknat därav, att reaktanten i varje reaktionszon är densanuna eller en annan buren reaktant, varvid reaktionszonerna är samman-hängande och de erhillna gasformiga kolväteprodukterna jämte änga strömmar frärx en reaktionszon tili en annan reaktionszon .
4. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att reaktanten är nägot kaliumvätesulfid, kaliumsulfid, hydrat eller blandningar därav.
5. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att av oljeskiffern fragmenteras och att reaktanten K2S2 som empirisk förening och hydrater därav.
6. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att oljeskiffern är kukersit och att reaktanten är K2S1.5 som empirisk förening och hydrater därav.
7. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att den använda reaktantens sammansättning ligger mellan KHS och K2S3 (empirisk formel) och hydrater därav, innefattande mindre svavelmättade reaktanter än K2S3 (empirisk formel) som, efter tillsats av svavel frän svavlet i skiffern, skulle omvandla den tillsatta mängden reaktant till K2S3 (empirisk formel) eller lägre.
8. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, 40 77687 den använda reaktantens sammansättning ligger mellan NaHS och Na2S4 (erapirisk forrael) och hydrater därav, innefattande mindre svavelmättade reaktanter än Na2S2 som den tillsatta mängden reaktant till Na2S2 (empirisk forrael) eller lägre.
9. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att stoftpartiklarna och näranda värdiga kolväten separeras i minst en cyklonsepareringszon, som hälles vid en temperatur vid vilken värdiga oijeskifferkolväten inte ateradsorberas till eller inte äterabsorberas i nämnda gängartspartiklar.
10. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att gängartspartiklarna och nämnda värdiga kolväten separeras i minst en centrifugeringszon som hälles vid en temperatur Över den vid vilken värdiga kolvätena i avsevärd grad absorberas i eller adsorberas i eller pa nämnda skifter-gängart.
11. Förfarande enligt krav 10, kännetecknat därav, att näranda separering av gängart fran näranda värdiga kolväten uförs i en centrifugeringszon eller en cyklonsepareringszon eller en filterzon.
12. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att nämnda värdiga kolväten, efter separation frän gängart, upparbetas ytterligare i ett flertal reaktionskärl i syfte att erhälla destillat som har ett API-värde (vid cirka 16°C) frän 26 och uppät genom reaktion i närvaro av vatten och en reaktant enligt krav 1.
13. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat därav, att de värdiga kolväten som separerats frän nämnda gängartsstoft har ett API-värde (vid 16°C) frän 20-33 utan ytterligare upparbetning. Il
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US34395682 | 1982-02-01 | ||
| US06/343,956 US4454017A (en) | 1981-03-20 | 1982-02-01 | Process for recovering hydrocarbon and other values from shale oil rock |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI830344A0 FI830344A0 (fi) | 1983-02-01 |
| FI830344L FI830344L (fi) | 1983-08-02 |
| FI77687B true FI77687B (fi) | 1988-12-30 |
| FI77687C FI77687C (sv) | 1989-04-10 |
Family
ID=23348395
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI830344A FI77687C (sv) | 1982-02-01 | 1983-02-01 | Förfarande för utvinning av kolväte ur oljeskiffer. |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4454017A (sv) |
| JP (1) | JPS58136692A (sv) |
| AU (1) | AU557948B2 (sv) |
| BR (1) | BR8300494A (sv) |
| CA (1) | CA1197486A (sv) |
| CH (1) | CH655737A5 (sv) |
| DD (1) | DD203742A5 (sv) |
| DK (1) | DK39383A (sv) |
| ES (1) | ES519438A0 (sv) |
| FI (1) | FI77687C (sv) |
| FR (1) | FR2521154B1 (sv) |
| GB (1) | GB2114151B (sv) |
| GR (1) | GR78382B (sv) |
| IT (1) | IT1197555B (sv) |
| MA (1) | MA19704A1 (sv) |
| SE (1) | SE453749B (sv) |
| YU (1) | YU21983A (sv) |
| ZA (1) | ZA83667B (sv) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4606812A (en) * | 1980-04-15 | 1986-08-19 | Chemroll Enterprises, Inc. | Hydrotreating of carbonaceous materials |
| FI840787A (fi) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-04 | Rollan Swanson | Klyvning och hydrering av raooljas tungflytande destillationsrester, saosom asfaltener och hartser o.dyl. |
| US5242672A (en) * | 1986-06-25 | 1993-09-07 | Elf Atochem North America, Inc. | Process for removing sulfur from organic polysulfides |
| US5849172A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1998-12-15 | Asarco Incorporated | Copper solvent extraction and electrowinning process |
| WO2009143017A1 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-26 | Kior, Inc. | Biomass pretreatment with a catalyst by high velocity agitation and separation |
| US9475998B2 (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2016-10-25 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Process for recovering alkali metals and sulfur from alkali metal sulfides and polysulfides |
| US9512368B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2016-12-06 | Field Upgrading Limited | Method of preventing corrosion of oil pipelines, storage structures and piping |
| US9688920B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2017-06-27 | Field Upgrading Limited | Process to separate alkali metal salts from alkali metal reacted hydrocarbons |
| US9546325B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2017-01-17 | Field Upgrading Limited | Upgrading platform using alkali metals |
| US9441170B2 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2016-09-13 | Field Upgrading Limited | Device and method for upgrading petroleum feedstocks and petroleum refinery streams using an alkali metal conductive membrane |
| WO2014011953A1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Integrated oil production and upgrading using a molten alkali metal |
| CN112209641B (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-02-18 | 陇南祁连山水泥有限公司 | 一种利用废弃烧结页岩制备水泥的方法 |
| CN112812872A (zh) * | 2021-02-17 | 2021-05-18 | 新疆广汇新能源有限公司 | 一种煤矸石掺烧防结焦处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB163519A (en) * | 1920-03-03 | 1921-05-26 | Martin Ernest Fyleman | A process for separating mineral oils or the like from sand or rock |
| US3387941A (en) * | 1965-03-23 | 1968-06-11 | Carbon Company | Process for desulfurizing carbonaceous materials |
| US3816298A (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1974-06-11 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
| US3948754A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-04-06 | Standard Oil Company | Process for recovering and upgrading hydrocarbons from oil shale and tar sands |
| US4160721A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1979-07-10 | Rollan Swanson | De-sulfurization of petroleum residues using melt of alkali metal sulfide hydrates or hydroxide hydrates |
| US4248693A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-02-03 | Rollan Swanson | Process for recovering hydrocarbons and other values from tar sands |
| MA19118A1 (fr) * | 1980-04-15 | 1981-12-31 | Swanson Rollan | Procede de conversion de charbons ,de tourbes ou de bois en hydrocarbures . |
| JPS606982A (ja) * | 1983-06-24 | 1985-01-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液晶表示体 |
-
1982
- 1982-02-01 US US06/343,956 patent/US4454017A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1983
- 1983-02-01 CA CA000420718A patent/CA1197486A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-01 CH CH562/83A patent/CH655737A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-01 AU AU10893/83A patent/AU557948B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-02-01 FI FI830344A patent/FI77687C/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-01 BR BR8300494A patent/BR8300494A/pt unknown
- 1983-02-01 IT IT47643/83A patent/IT1197555B/it active
- 1983-02-01 MA MA19921A patent/MA19704A1/fr unknown
- 1983-02-01 DD DD83247629A patent/DD203742A5/de unknown
- 1983-02-01 YU YU00219/83A patent/YU21983A/xx unknown
- 1983-02-01 ES ES519438A patent/ES519438A0/es active Granted
- 1983-02-01 GB GB08302684A patent/GB2114151B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-01 GR GR70376A patent/GR78382B/el unknown
- 1983-02-01 FR FR8301564A patent/FR2521154B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-02-01 SE SE8300511A patent/SE453749B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-01 DK DK39383A patent/DK39383A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-02-01 ZA ZA83667A patent/ZA83667B/xx unknown
- 1983-02-01 JP JP58015364A patent/JPS58136692A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE453749B (sv) | 1988-02-29 |
| GB8302684D0 (en) | 1983-03-02 |
| BR8300494A (pt) | 1983-11-01 |
| DK39383A (da) | 1983-08-02 |
| IT8347643A0 (it) | 1983-02-01 |
| AU557948B2 (en) | 1987-01-15 |
| IT1197555B (it) | 1988-12-06 |
| SE8300511L (sv) | 1983-08-02 |
| ES8403155A1 (es) | 1984-03-01 |
| US4454017A (en) | 1984-06-12 |
| GB2114151B (en) | 1986-02-12 |
| FI830344L (fi) | 1983-08-02 |
| ZA83667B (en) | 1983-10-26 |
| FR2521154B1 (fr) | 1986-11-21 |
| JPH0258312B2 (sv) | 1990-12-07 |
| AU1089383A (en) | 1983-08-11 |
| GR78382B (sv) | 1984-09-26 |
| SE8300511D0 (sv) | 1983-02-01 |
| YU21983A (en) | 1985-10-31 |
| MA19704A1 (fr) | 1983-10-01 |
| FI830344A0 (fi) | 1983-02-01 |
| ES519438A0 (es) | 1984-03-01 |
| DD203742A5 (de) | 1983-11-02 |
| CH655737A5 (de) | 1986-05-15 |
| FR2521154A1 (fr) | 1983-08-12 |
| DK39383D0 (da) | 1983-02-01 |
| FI77687C (sv) | 1989-04-10 |
| JPS58136692A (ja) | 1983-08-13 |
| CA1197486A (en) | 1985-12-03 |
| GB2114151A (en) | 1983-08-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: SWANSON, ROLLAN |