EP4630411A1 - Formulierung zur aromatisierung eines lebensmittelproduktes - Google Patents
Formulierung zur aromatisierung eines lebensmittelproduktesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4630411A1 EP4630411A1 EP23806219.4A EP23806219A EP4630411A1 EP 4630411 A1 EP4630411 A1 EP 4630411A1 EP 23806219 A EP23806219 A EP 23806219A EP 4630411 A1 EP4630411 A1 EP 4630411A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- alkyl
- pyrazine
- solvent
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D241/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D241/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
- A23L27/205—Heterocyclic compounds
- A23L27/2056—Heterocyclic compounds having at least two different hetero atoms, at least one being a nitrogen atom
Definitions
- the invention relates to a formulation for flavouring a food, luxury food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical product as well as a food supplement, and to a process for producing this formulation.
- pyrazines substituted with one or more alkyl or cycloalkyl groups include naturally occurring, highly potent flavorings that sometimes have a very low odor threshold.
- alkylpyrazines such as 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine or 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, have an earthy odor.
- Corylon pyrazine also known as 5-methyl-6,7-dihydro-cyclopentapyrazine or nutty pyrazine
- This odor can be described as sweet, nutty, fried, rusty, earthy, as well as cereal, coffee and popcorn-like tasty odor.
- Corylon pyrazine is found in natural flavors of coffee and numerous nuts. In the flavoring industry, this compound is used, for example, to enhance the popcorn scent.
- pyrazines can be prepared by condensation of 1,2-diaminoalkane with 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, using copper(II) oxide and manganese oxide as oxidants.
- pyrazines can be obtained by condensation of two molecules of an a-amino ketone or an a-amino aldehyde.
- the resulting dihydropyrazines are converted into a pyrazine using an oxidizing agent, such as salts of divalent mercury:
- Pyrazines can be prepared by various synthetic routes, but all currently known methods have certain disadvantages. These include, for example, the use of solvents and metal compounds, some of which are very toxic, as well as low yields of the target product and high reaction temperatures.
- pyrazines Another way to obtain pyrazines is to isolate these compounds from animal material using known separation processes such as steam distillation of cooked pork liver. It is known that pyrazines, such as alkylpyrazines, acetylpyrazines, cyclopentapyrazines and quinoxalines, represent the largest group of flavourings in cooked pork liver (Mussinan CJ and Walradt JP (1974) Volatile Constituents of Pressure Cooked Pork Liver, J. Agrc. Food Chem., 22, No. 5, 827-831). Pyrazines are among the so-called reaction flavourings. These flavour-active compounds are formed during heating, cooking, frying and/or baking and are among the substances responsible for the typical flavour of processed foods.
- reaction flavorings such as unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted pyrazines
- reaction flavorings such as unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted pyrazines
- Pyrazines are formed during the dimerization of a-amino ketones, which are formed during the oxidative deamination and decarboxylation of a-amino acids with the a-dicarbonyl compounds.
- animal material is questionable for animal welfare reasons and is also not desired from a consumer perspective.
- the quantities obtained are very small and therefore not economical.
- the closest prior art to the present invention can be considered to be the document DE 20 2021 104 269 Ul, in which a process for producing a formulation containing at least one (alkyl)pyrazine is described.
- a natural corylonpyrazine (CP) can be produced from cyclotene and L-serine with acetic acid, whereby neither metal compounds nor animal starting materials are used.
- a disadvantage of the known process is that L-serine should be used in an excess: the ratio of cyclotene to L-serine is preferably 1:3.
- the known process uses a highly flammable solvent such as diethyl ether to isolate the desired product.
- This task was solved surprisingly easily by a process for preparing a formulation.
- This process comprises the following steps: (a) providing at least one compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa), preferably a compound of formula (II) or (III),
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and independently represent hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl or
- R 2 and R 3 are linked together and together form a group of the formula represent, where
- A, B, C and D independently represent hydrogen or Ci-4-alkyl
- step (c) bringing into contact at least one compound of formula (II) or formula (III) or formula (IIIa), preferably at least one compound of formula (II) or formula (III), and at least one alpha-amino acid from step (b), using at least one solvent suitable for the production of foodstuffs and having a boiling point of at least 140 °C, preferably propylene glycol, glycerol, triethyl citrate, diacetin, monoacetin and/or triacetin, and adding the solvent before step (c) and/or in step (c).
- solvent suitable for the production of foodstuffs and having a boiling point of at least 140 °C, preferably propylene glycol, glycerol, triethyl citrate, diacetin, monoacetin and/or triacetin, and adding the solvent before step (c) and/or in step (c).
- the reaction is therefore carried out in solution, using the solvent or solvent mixture described herein. It is particularly preferred to use a solvent mixture which comprises the solvent suitable for the production of foodstuffs and which has a boiling point of at least 140 °C.
- boiling point used here is the boiling point at atmospheric pressure (1013.25 mbar).
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to produce pyrazines that have not been used commercially up to now, such as 2,5(6)-diethyl-3,6(5)-dimethylpyrazine obtained from acetylpropionyl (10) with an amino acid.
- the isolated isomer mixture has a potent peanut aroma even at low doses of 10 ppm in a product.
- the product can be selected from the group consisting of food, luxury goods, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products and food supplements.
- At least one of the solvents used has at least one hydroxyl group.
- This hydroxyl group-bearing solvent can be selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol (PG), glycerol (also glycerin or glycerine), diacetin, monoacetin, triethyl citrate and mixtures thereof.
- PG propylene glycol
- glycerol also glycerin or glycerine
- diacetin diacetin
- monoacetin triethyl citrate
- mixtures thereof mixtures thereof.
- these hydroxyl group-bearing solvents can be mixed with at least one other solvent such as triacetin or water.
- the alpha-amino acid preferably the alpha-amino acid of formula (IV) plays a crucial role, since its carbon skeleton is incorporated into the (alkyl)pyrazine.
- the alpha-amino acid of formula (IV) not only functions as a nitrogen source, as described in the literature (J. AGR. FOOD CHEM., VOL. 20, NO. 5, 1972 1081), but also as a reducing agent in the context of Strecker degradation.
- the production of (alkyl)pyrazines of formula (Ib) is highly preferred when using amino acids of formula (IV), since here the carbon skeleton of the amino acid is incorporated into the pyrazine.
- the ratio of the two pyrazines such as (alkyl)pyrazine (Ia) and (alkyl)pyrazine (Ib)
- hydroxyl-containing solvents preferably propylene glycol, Glycerol (also glycerin or glycerine), monoacetin, triethyl citrate and/or diacetin
- hydroxyl-containing solvents preferably propylene glycol, Glycerol (also glycerin or glycerine), monoacetin, triethyl citrate and/or diacetin
- triacetin or a combination of solvents containing triacetin should be used.
- a mixture of triacetin and at least one solvent having at least one hydroxy group can be selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, glycerol, diacetin, monoacetin, triethyl citrate, water and mixtures thereof.
- the reaction time in a combination of solvents containing triacetin is shorter than the reaction time in pure triacetin as solvent.
- Particular preference is given to a mixture of triacetin and diacetin or a mixture of triacetin and glycerol.
- Triacetin (or glycerin triacetate, E 1518) is an ester of glycerin and acetic acid. In the food industry it is used as a softener for chewing gum or as a flavoring agent. Triacetin is a natural ingredient in papayas.
- step (c) the reaction mixture has a ratio of triacetin to diacetin in the range from 99:1 to 1:1, preferably in the range from 20:1 to 5:1, particularly preferably 19:1. It was surprisingly found that Glycerin has just as significant an effect as diacetin, even in smaller amounts. It is particularly advantageous if in step (c) the reaction mixture has a ratio of triacetin to glycerin in the range from 99:1 to 99.99:0.01, preferably in the range from 99.5:0.5 to 99.9:0.1, particularly preferably 99.84:0.16.
- the mixture obtained by the process according to the invention which contains (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ia) and (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ib), can be used for the production of products such as foodstuffs, luxury foods, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products and food supplements.
- the (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ia) and (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ib) can be separated from one another.
- any separation method known to the person skilled in the art can be used. Distillation, crystallization or chromatography can be used as a separation method, for example.
- the (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ia) or (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ib) isolated by these separation processes can be used for the production of products such as foodstuffs, luxury foods, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products and food supplements.
- the first pyrazine fraction contains (alkyl)pyrazines of formula (Ib), namely cocoa pyrazine, which is composed of two isomers (2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine).
- the isomer ratio in the cocoa pyrazine product produced by the process according to the invention differs greatly from the isomer ratio in the commercially available cocoa pyrazine product. While the commercially available product has a ratio of cocoa pyrazine isomer 1 (2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine) to cocoa pyrazine isomer 2 (2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine) of approximately 40:60, the fraction produced by the process according to the invention has a ratio of cocoa pyrazine isomer 1 to cocoa pyrazine isomer 2 of approximately 60:40 or higher.
- cocoa pyrazine isomers has a strong effect on the sensory potency of the entire cocoa pyrazine product.
- the cocoa pyrazine fraction produced by the process according to the invention is significantly more potent than the variant available on the market (such as ethyldimethylpyrazine from "Riverside Aromatics"), for example with approximately 20% more flavor. This makes the cocoa pyrazine product of the invention more economically viable (lower cost of use).
- the invention relates to a formulation which contains 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine in a molar ratio of at least 50:50, preferably at least 55:45, particularly preferably at least 60:40.
- the invention relates to a formulation which contains 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine in a molar ratio of at least 50:50, preferably at least 55:45, particularly preferably at least 60:40.
- the invention also relates to a product, in particular food, luxury food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical product and food supplement, which contains such a formulation.
- the present invention relates to a process for producing a formulation which contains 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, wherein the process comprises reacting 2,3-pentanedione with an alpha-amino acid, preferably L-threonine, in a solvent mixture which contains at least one solvent which contains at least one hydroxy group, wherein the solvent mixture preferably contains triacetin and glycerin.
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and independently represent hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl or
- A, B, C and D independently represent hydrogen or Ci-4-alkyl
- the solvent which contains at least one hydroxy group, is preferably selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, glycerol (also glycerin or glycerine), monoacetin, citric acid triethyl ester, diacetin and mixtures thereof.
- the solvent containing at least one hydroxy group is used in a ratio of 0.01-5 mol%, based on the compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa).
- the invention relates to the use of a solvent containing at least one hydroxy group to increase the yield in a process for producing
- Alkyl in particular (alkyl)pyrazine of the formula (la), and/or (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib) wherein
- R 1 is hydrogen or methyl
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and independently represent hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl or
- R 2 and R 3 are linked together and together form a group of the formula represent, wherein A, B, C and D independently represent hydrogen or Ci-4-alkyl.
- said process for preparing (alkyl)pyrazine is the process described above, in which at least one solvent containing at least one hydroxy group is added before step (c) and/or in step (c).
- the invention relates to a use of a solvent containing at least one hydroxy group for regulating the molar ratio of the (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula
- R 1 is hydrogen or methyl
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and independently represent hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl or
- R 2 and R 3 are linked together and together form a group of the formula wherein A, B, C and D independently represent hydrogen or Ci-4-alkyl.
- said process for preparing (alkyl)pyrazine is the process described above, in which at least one solvent containing at least one hydroxy group is added before step (c) and/or in step (c).
- the invention relates to a process for preparing a formulation comprising the following steps:
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and independently represent hydrogen or C1-4-
- R 2 and R 3 are linked together and together form a group of the formula represent, where
- A, B, C and D independently represent hydrogen or Ci-4-alkyl
- the method comprises the additional addition of at least one ammonium salt. It is particularly advantageous if at least one ammonium salt is present in one portion in step (c).
- an alpha-amino acid preferably an alpha-amino acid of formula (IV)
- the amount of amino acid can be reduced by 50%, while the yield of the target product - (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib) - remains the same. If the amount of amino acid is not reduced, i.e. the molar ratio of the compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) to the alpha-amino acid remains 1:2, a significant increase in yield is achieved after addition of an ammonium salt, preferably 2 equivalents of the ammonium salt. Furthermore, it can also be observed that fewer by-products are formed during purification, which considerably simplifies the process.
- An inorganic or organic ammonium salt is preferably used as the ammonium salt.
- An ammonium salt is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of ammonium halide, ammonium phosphates, ammonium sulphates, ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and ammonium carbamate, ammonium salt of an organic acid and mixtures thereof.
- Ammonium chloride is very particularly preferred.
- Ammonium salt is added here in a molar ratio to the amino acid, preferably to the amino acid of the formula (IV), the ratio being in a range from 4: 1 to 0.1: 1, preferably in the range from 2: 1 to 0.5: 1, most preferably in a ratio of 1: 1.
- the solvent preferably at least one organic solvent, particularly preferably triacetin, can be added before step (c) and/or in step (c).
- the solvent can be added before step (c) to the compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) and/or to a alpha-amino acid, preferably an alpha-amino acid of the formula (IV), can be added.
- the process according to the invention comprises, before step (c), a further step cl) adding at least one solvent to the compound of the formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa), whereby a solution is obtained in which the amount of compound of the formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) depends on the solubility of this compound(s) in the solvent or solvents used.
- step (c) the solution obtained in step (cl) is added to the alpha-amino acid either dropwise or in one portion with constant stirring.
- the mixture is heated to maximum temperatures of about 180 °C, preferably to about 100 to 140 °C, particularly preferably to 110 to 130 °C.
- step (c) the solution obtained in step (cl) is divided into two portions, the ratio of the first portion to the second portion being in the range from 1:10 to 1:4, preferably in the range from 1:7 to 1:3, particularly preferably 1:4.
- the process according to the invention comprises, after step (cl), a further step c2) mixing the first portion of the solution obtained in step (cl) with the alpha-amino acid, preferably with the alpha-amino acid of the formula (IV), and heating this mixture to maximum temperatures of about 180 °C, preferably to about 100 to 140 °C, particularly preferably to 110 to 130 °C.
- step (c) the second portion of the solution obtained in step (c1) is added dropwise to the mixture obtained in step (c2) with constant stirring.
- step (c) in addition to triacetin, water, in particular distilled water, is used as solvent. It has been found that the amount of water can have an influence on the yield. It is particularly advantageous if in step (c) the reaction mixture has a ratio of water to the compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) in Range of 40:1 to 10:1, preferably in the range of 30:1 to 20:1, particularly preferably 21:1.
- the process according to the invention can additionally comprise the addition of water in step (c).
- the water can be added in one portion to the mixture containing the alpha amino acid and the solution obtained in step (cl) with at least one compound of the formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa).
- step (c) water is added dropwise to the mixture obtained in step (c2) with constant stirring.
- the addition of water takes place simultaneously with the addition of the solution obtained in step (cl).
- the water is added separately, i.e. without mixing with the second portion of the solution obtained in step (cl).
- the rate of water addition is comparable to the rate of addition of the solution obtained in step (cl).
- the radical “Ci-4-alkyl” in the compound of the formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) is methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, preferably methyl.
- the compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) is preferably selected from the group consisting of (1) 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-l-one (also known as Cycloten or MCP)
- Acetylpropionyl (acetyl propionyl or 2,3-pentanedione) is particularly preferred.
- the alpha-amino acid of formula (IV) is selected in particular from the group consisting of L-/ D- / (RS)-serine, L-/ D- / (7?.S)-cysteine, L-/ D- / (7?.S)-throconine and mixtures thereof, preferably L-/ D- / (7?.S)-serine and L-/ D- / (7?.S)-cystine. particularly preferably L-serine or L-cysteine, very particularly preferably L-serine.
- the amino acids used can be obtained, for example, by the enzymatic hydrolysis of vegetable protein if the aroma-giving end products/final substances obtained from these amino acids are desired in a natural quality.
- the molar ratio of a compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) to the alpha-amino acid, preferably to the alpha-amino acid of formula (IV), can be in the range from 1:1 to 1:5.
- the preferred ratio of a compound of formula (II) or (III) or (IIIa) to the alpha-amino acid of formula (IV) is 1:3.
- this ratio can be as low as 1:2, for example 1:1 to 1:2. This leads to economic advantages of the process according to the invention.
- the reaction in step (c) takes place at maximum temperatures of about 180 °C, preferably at temperatures in the range of about 100 to 140 °C, particularly preferably in the range of about 110 to 130 °C, very particularly preferably 125 °C. During the course of the reaction, it was observed that water was formed.
- the reaction in step (c) takes place in particular over a period of up to 40 hours, preferably over a period of up to 24 hours, preferably from 1 to 12 hours, particularly preferably up to 6 hours.
- step (c) The progress of the reaction in step (c) can be monitored by GC analysis.
- the reaction is stopped, e.g. the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature and, if necessary, the reaction mixture is neutralized using a basic solution.
- a solution of alkali hydroxides, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide solution, can preferably be used as the basic solution.
- the method may additionally comprise a further step after step (c)
- the isolation in step (cl) is preferably carried out by rectification, optionally under reduced pressure.
- the crude product can be concentrated and purified by solid phase extraction (SPE).
- SPE solid phase extraction
- the fraction(s) containing (alkyl)pyrazine of the formula (la) and/or (Ib) can be obtained with a purity of at least 95% by weight.
- the fractions obtained by the process according to the invention can contain one or more (alkyl)pyrazines.
- the fraction containing several (alkyl)pyrazines can optionally be used further as formulation(s). For example, a fraction can be isolated which contains both trimethylpyrazine and tetramethylpyrazine.
- the crude product can be further extracted from the reaction mixture by co-distillation with propylene glycol (PG).
- PG propylene glycol
- a mixture of glycerin and PG (3:2) is added to the reaction mixture at room temperature and then distilled under reduced pressure.
- the PG distilled in this way serves as an entrainer for the pyrazine formed.
- triacetin or the triacetin-containing mixtures are added as solvents, using 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-l-one (cyclotene) as a compound of formula (II) or (III) and L-serine as an alpha-amino acid of formula (IV).
- Triacetin can not only dissolve cyclotene, but also has enormous advantages in isolating the desired product, such as corylonpyrazine. Triacetin has a higher boiling point than corylonpyrazine, so that corylonpyrazine, as the target product, can be isolated to a desired purity by means of rectification.
- the increase in the yield of the target product was also observed compared to the process known from DE 20 2021 104 269 Ul.
- the yield of corylonpyrazine can be up to approx. 30 mol% in the present process according to the invention, whereas in contrast the yield of corylonpyrazine in the process described in DE 20 2021 104 269 Ul is only approx. 6 mol%.
- the corylonpyrazine-containing fraction obtained after purification or isolation can have a purity of at least 95% by weight.
- a further subject of the present invention is the formulation which is prepared in particular by the process according to the invention and which contains at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of the formula (la) contain, in which
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and independently represent hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl or
- R 2 and R 3 are linked together and together form a group of the formula wherein A, B, C and D independently represent hydrogen or C 1 - alkyl.
- the formulation according to the invention may additionally contain at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of the formula (Ib) contain, in which
- R 1 is hydrogen or methyl
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and independently represent hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl or
- R 2 and R 3 are linked together and together form a group of the formula where A, B, C and D independently represent hydrogen or Ci-4-alkyl.
- the (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ia) and (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ib) can be separated from one another.
- any separation method known to the person skilled in the art can be used. Distillation, crystallization or chromatography can be used as a separation method, for example.
- the (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ia) or (alkyl)pyrazines of the formula (Ib) isolated by these separation processes can be used for the production of products such as food, luxury foods, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products and food supplements.
- This (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib) can be prepared from at least one alpha-amino acid as the sole nitrogen source. It is preferred that a combination comprising at least one alpha-amino acid and at least one ammonium salt is used as the sole nitrogen source for the preparation of at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib). It is particularly preferred that a combination consisting of at least one alpha-amino acid and at least one ammonium salt is used as the sole nitrogen source for the preparation of at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib).
- the formulation preferably contains at least about 99.9% by weight, preferably at least about 95% by weight of at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib).
- the minimum amount of at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib) in the formulation according to the invention is about 0.01% by weight.
- the formulation according to the invention can preferably contain at least about 0.1% by weight of at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib) in one or more solvents suitable for the production of a food.
- a product in the case of isolation of the formulation by means of SPE, in which ethanol is used as solvent, a product can be obtained which contains at least about 0.1 to about 0.2% by weight of at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib).
- a product in the case of co-distillation with PG, a product can be obtained which contains at least about 2 to about 3% by weight of at least one (alkyl)pyrazine of formula (Ib).
- R 1 is hydrogen
- R 2 and R 3 are linked together and together form a group of the formula represent, where A stands for methyl and B and C are hydrogen.
- the formulation according to the invention is preferably free from alcohol, particularly preferably free from ethanol.
- a formulation for flavoring a product such as food, luxury food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical product as well as food supplement, which contains at least 95% by weight of 5-methyl-6,7-dihydro-cyclopentapyrazine (corylon-pyrazine), represents a preferred subject matter of the invention.
- a further subject of the present invention is the product, in particular food, luxury food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical product and food supplement, which contains a formulation according to the invention.
- the proportion of the formulation according to the invention in this product is up to about 1000 ppm, preferably from about 10' 3 ppm to about 750 ppm, particularly preferably from about 0.1 to 150 ppm.
- the formulation according to the invention can be used to flavor a product, in particular food, luxury food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical product as well as food supplement.
- the product in particular food, luxury food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical product as well as food supplement, is brought into contact with the formulation according to the invention.
- the present invention relates to a process for producing a product, in particular foodstuffs, luxury foods, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products and food supplements, in which the formulation according to the invention is brought into contact with the product.
- the invention will be explained using the attached example, but without being restricted to the specifically described embodiment.
- the invention also relates to all combinations of preferred embodiments, provided that they do not exclude each other.
- the terms "about” or “approx.” in conjunction with a numerical indication mean that values that are at least 10% higher or lower, or 5% higher or lower, and in any case 1% higher or lower are included.
- L-serine 500 mmol, 52.5 g
- cyclotene solution 5% solution in triacetin
- the remaining cyclotene solution (448 g) and the distilled water are each placed in a dropping funnel and only added when the mixture temperature is 110 °C.
- the mixture is stirred at 110 - 120 °C.
- the progress of the reaction is monitored using GC analysis.
- the reaction is stopped (e.g. by cooling to room temperature) and the mixture is processed using a rectification apparatus to obtain corylonepyrazine with a purity of at least 95% by weight.
- the obtained product was analyzed by GC-FID.
- L-serine (105 mmol, 11.1 g) is mixed with 116 g of cyclotene solution (5% solution in triacetin) and 20 g of distilled water. The mixture is heated to 120 °C with constant stirring. The progress of the reaction is monitored by GC analysis. When If no more cyclotene can be detected in the reaction mixture, the reaction is stopped and the mixture is worked up using a rectification apparatus to obtain corylonepyrazine with a purity of at least 95 wt.%.
- L-serine (2500 mmol; 263 g) is mixed with 600 g of cyclotene solution (5% solution in triacetin) and heated to approx. 110 to 120 °C.
- Another cyclotene solution (2280 g) and distilled water are placed in dropping funnels and only added when the mixture temperature is 110 °C.
- the mixture is stirred at 110 to 120 °C.
- the progress of the reaction is monitored using GC analysis. If no cyclotene can be detected in the mixture, the reaction is stopped and the mixture is adjusted to pH 12 using 30% NaOH solution.
- the resulting mixture is passed through an SPE column and then eluted with ethanol.
- This ethanolic extract contains 10,000 to 12,000 ppm corylonpyrazine and can be declared as a natural flavor extract.
- L-serine (121 mmol; 13.9 g) is mixed with cyclotene (121 mmol; 13.9 g), 138 g glycerol, 91.8 g propylene glycol and 45.9 g water.
- the mixture is heated to 120 °C.
- the progress of the reaction is monitored by GC analysis. If no cyclotene is detected in the mixture, the reaction is stopped.
- the mixture is distilled under reduced pressure (40 mbar) by slowly heating the mixture to 160 °C and reducing the pressure to 10 mbar.
- the collected fraction contains 1000 to 5000 ppm corylonepyrazine in PG.
- Triacetin (463 g) and diacetin (24.0 g).
- Example 7 was carried out analogously to Example 5, except that in Example 5 the ratio of triacetin to diacetin in Example 7 was 19:1.
- Examples 8 to 12 were carried out analogously to Example 6.
- the components such as L-serine, ammonium chloride and solvents as well as their amounts were varied (see Table 1).
- Table 1 As can be seen from Table 1, the addition of ammonium chloride leads to an increase in the yield. By using ammonium chloride in combination with a solvent mixture such as triacetin and diacetin (see Example 10), the amount of L-serine can be reduced by 50%, compared to the reaction without ammonium chloride and without diacetin (see Example 11).
- Triacetin 55 mol, 12.1 kg
- glycerol 8.8 mmol 0.8 g
- the reactions described in examples 13-17 are reactions that were carried out in 20 mL crimp vials.
- the aim was to investigate the different influence of the solvents and the ammonium salt on the ratio of pyrazine of formula (la) and (Ib).
- 0.5 g of 2,3-pentadione (2 mmol) and 1.0 g of serine (10 mmol) were dissolved in 5 mL of the respective solvents.
- the mixture was then heated to 140°C for 24 h with stirring. After cooling, the ratios of pyrazine la and Ib were determined using GC-FID.
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022132286.6A DE102022132286A1 (de) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Formulierung zur Aromatisierung eines Lebensmittelproduktes |
| PCT/EP2023/081648 WO2024120760A1 (de) | 2022-12-06 | 2023-11-13 | Formulierung zur aromatisierung eines lebensmittelproduktes |
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| EP23806219.4A Pending EP4630411A1 (de) | 2022-12-06 | 2023-11-13 | Formulierung zur aromatisierung eines lebensmittelproduktes |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4630411A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025538416A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120882699A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022132286A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2025006511A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024120760A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3579353A (en) | 1967-10-23 | 1971-05-18 | Procter & Gamble | Food products containing alkyl-substituted pyrazines |
| CH575402A5 (de) | 1972-09-08 | 1976-05-14 | Givaudan & Cie Sa | |
| JPS5337675A (en) | 1976-09-20 | 1978-04-06 | Tokai Electro Chemical Co | Production of pyrazines |
| US5962662A (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1999-10-05 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for producing a flavorful and aromatic composition for use in smoking articles |
| EP0708759B1 (de) | 1994-05-10 | 2000-08-02 | Firmenich Sa | Verfahren zu herstellung von substituierten pyrazinen |
| EP0784936A1 (de) * | 1996-01-17 | 1997-07-23 | Unilever Plc | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Geschmacksmittel |
| JP3929170B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-06 | 2007-06-13 | 協和発酵フーズ株式会社 | 調味料 |
| JP2006025706A (ja) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Kiyomitsu Kawasaki | ナッツ様フレーバー組成物 |
| WO2015177006A1 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-26 | Nestec S.A. | Mechanical generation of flavour compositions |
| DE202021104269U1 (de) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-25 | DÖHLER GmbH | Formulierung zur Aromatisierung eines Lebensmittelproduktes |
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2022
- 2022-12-06 DE DE102022132286.6A patent/DE102022132286A1/de active Pending
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2023
- 2023-11-13 CN CN202380083894.2A patent/CN120882699A/zh active Pending
- 2023-11-13 JP JP2025528411A patent/JP2025538416A/ja active Pending
- 2023-11-13 WO PCT/EP2023/081648 patent/WO2024120760A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-11-13 EP EP23806219.4A patent/EP4630411A1/de active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| MX2025006511A (es) | 2025-07-01 |
| DE102022132286A1 (de) | 2024-06-06 |
| CN120882699A (zh) | 2025-10-31 |
| WO2024120760A1 (de) | 2024-06-13 |
| JP2025538416A (ja) | 2025-11-28 |
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