EP3904789B1 - Procédé de commande de fonctionnement pour machine à glaçons - Google Patents

Procédé de commande de fonctionnement pour machine à glaçons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3904789B1
EP3904789B1 EP19902266.6A EP19902266A EP3904789B1 EP 3904789 B1 EP3904789 B1 EP 3904789B1 EP 19902266 A EP19902266 A EP 19902266A EP 3904789 B1 EP3904789 B1 EP 3904789B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ice
making machine
refrigerant
pressure
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19902266.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3904789A1 (fr
EP3904789A4 (fr
Inventor
Kouichi Kita
Akihiro Kajimoto
Kazuhiko NISHIHARA
Takamasa Itou
Yuuji YAMANAKA
Takeo Ueno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daikin Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Daikin Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3904789A1 publication Critical patent/EP3904789A1/fr
Publication of EP3904789A4 publication Critical patent/EP3904789A4/fr
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Publication of EP3904789B1 publication Critical patent/EP3904789B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C5/00—Working or handling ice
    • F25C5/02—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice
    • F25C5/04—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice without the use of saws
    • F25C5/12—Ice-shaving machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice
    • F25C1/12—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs
    • F25C1/14—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes
    • F25C1/145—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes from the inner walls of cooled bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice
    • F25C1/12—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs
    • F25C1/14—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes
    • F25C1/145—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes from the inner walls of cooled bodies
    • F25C1/147—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes from the inner walls of cooled bodies by using augers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2301/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice
    • F25C2301/002—Producing ice slurries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2600/00—Control issues
    • F25C2600/04—Control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25C2700/08—Power to drive the auger motor of an auger type ice making machine

Definitions

  • the operation of the ice-making machine that is an equipment-side element is controlled based on an operation command from the sensor mounted to the tank that is a facility-side element.
  • abnormal communications with the facility side, and others may cause degradation in reliability of operation control on the ice-making machine.
  • the method as recited in (3) includes increasing the evaporation temperature stepwise in accordance with an excess of the pressure difference. This configuration enables stepwise reduction in amount of ice made by the ice-making machine, by increasing the evaporation temperature stepwise in accordance with the excess, from the first pressure value, of the pressure difference between the pressure of the medium to be cooled at the inlet of the ice-making machine and the pressure of the medium to be cooled at the outlet of the ice-making machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an ice-making system A including an ice-making machine 1 to which the operation control method according to the present disclosure is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the ice-making machine 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the ice-making machine 1 continuously makes ice slurry from seawater (raw material) stored in a seawater tank (to be described later), and returns the ice slurry thus made to the seawater tank.
  • seawater raw material
  • seawater tank to be described later
  • the ice-making system A also includes a control apparatus 30.
  • the control apparatus 30 includes a central processing unit (CPU) and a memory such as a random access memory (RAM) or a read only memory (ROM).
  • the control apparatus 30 achieves various kinds of control concerning an operation of the ice-making system A, including the operation control according to the present disclosure, in such a manner that the CPU executes a computer program stored in the memory.
  • the four-way switching valve 4 is maintained at a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1 .
  • the compressor 2 discharges a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant flows into the heat source-side heat exchanger 3 that functions as a condenser, via the four-way switching valve 4.
  • the heat source-side heat exchanger 3 condenses and liquefies the gas refrigerant by heat exchange with air provided by a fan 11.
  • the liquefied refrigerant then flows into the utilization-side expansion valve 5 via the heat source-side expansion valve 6 in a fully open state and the receiver 8.
  • the utilization-side expansion valve 5 decompresses the refrigerant to a predetermined low pressure.
  • the low-pressure refrigerant then flows into an annular space 14 between an inner pipe 12 and an outer pipe 13 each serving as a part of an evaporator E of the ice-making machine 1, through a refrigerant inlet pipe to be described later.
  • the refrigerant from the ice-making machine 1 is heated by the superheater 7 before being sucked into the compressor 2.
  • the superheater 7 is of a double pipe type.
  • the refrigerant from the ice-making machine 1 is superheated when passing a space between an inner pipe and an outer pipe of the superheater 7.
  • the refrigerant thus superheated then returns to the compressor 2.
  • the ice is accumulated in the inner pipe 12 (ice accumulation) to hinder the operation of the ice-making machine 1.
  • a defrosting operation (a heating operation) is performed for melting the ice in the inner pipe 12.
  • the four-way switching valve 4 is maintained at a state indicated by a broken line in FIG. 1 .
  • the compressor 2 discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant flows into the annular space 14 between the inner pipe 12 and the outer pipe 13 of the ice-making machine 1 via the four-way switching valve 4.
  • the gas refrigerant condenses and liquefies by heat exchange with the ice-containing seawater in the inner pipe 12.
  • the liquefied refrigerant then flows into the heat source-side expansion valve 6 via the utilization-side expansion valve 5 in a fully open state and the receiver 8.
  • the heat source-side expansion valve 6 decompresses the liquefied refrigerant to a predetermined low pressure. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows into the heat source-side heat exchanger 3 functioning as an evaporator.
  • the refrigerant gasifies by heat exchange with air provided by the fan 11. Thereafter, the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2.
  • the ice-making machine 1 is a portrait-oriented double pipe ice-making machine that includes the evaporator E including the inner pipe 12 and the outer pipe 13 whose axes extend horizontally, and an ice scraper to be described later.
  • the evaporator E is of a flooded type, in which most of the annular space 14 between the inner pipe 12 and the outer pipe 13 is filled with the liquid refrigerant.
  • the evaporator E thus enhances heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant with the seawater.
  • the refrigerating machine oil is easily discharged from the flooded-type evaporator.
  • the refrigerating machine oil returns to the compressor 2 to compensate for unsatisfactory lubrication of the compressor 2, leading to improvement in reliability.
  • the inner pipe 12 is an element through which the seawater serving as a medium to be cooled passes.
  • the inner pipe 12 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel or iron.
  • the inner pipe 12 has a cylindrical shape, and is disposed in the outer pipe 13.
  • the inner pipe 12 has two ends that are closed.
  • the ice scraper 15 is disposed to scrape sherbet-like ice slurry off an inner peripheral face of the inner pipe 12 and to disperse the sherbet-like ice slurry in the inner pipe 12.
  • the inner pipe 12 is connected at its first axial end (the right side in FIG. 2 ) to a seawater inlet pipe 16 through which the seawater is supplied into the inner pipe 12, and is also connected at its second axial end (the left side in FIG. 2 ) to a seawater outlet pipe 17 through which the seawater is discharged from the inner pipe 12.
  • the outer pipe 13 has a cylindrical shape, and is made of a metal material such as stainless steel or iron as in the inner pipe 12.
  • the outer pipe 13 is connected at its lower side to a plurality of refrigerant inlet pipes 18 (three refrigerant inlet pipes 18 in FIG. 2 ), and is also connected at its upper side to a plurality of refrigerant outlet pipes 19 (two refrigerant outlet pipes 19 in FIG. 2 ).
  • Each of the refrigerant inlet pipes 18 has on its upper end a refrigerant supply port 20 through which the refrigerant is supplied into the annular space 14.
  • Each of the refrigerant outlet pipes 19 has on its lower end a refrigerant discharge port 21 through which the refrigerant is discharged from the annular space 14.
  • a description will be given of a method for controlling an operation of the ice-making machine 1 in the ice-making system A. More specifically, a description will be given of an operation control method that involves changing operating conditions of the ice-making machine 1, stopping the ice-making machine 1, or restarting the ice-making machine 1, based on an ice packing factor in the seawater tank 9.
  • the operation of the ice-making machine 1 is controlled using a drive current value of the motor 26 in the ice scraper 15, the drive current value being detected by the ammeter 31 and transmitted to the control apparatus 30.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of the behaviors of a current value in a case where the operation control according to the first embodiment is performed and the behaviors of a current value in a case where the operation control is not performed (the conventional art).
  • the horizontal axis indicates a time (t)
  • the vertical axis indicates a current value (A) of the motor 26 in the ice scraper 15.
  • the operation control is not performed. Consequently, when the amount of ice in the inner pipe 12 exceeds a certain amount as the ice packing factor IPF increases with a lapse of a time, the drive current of the motor 26 sharply increases. Then, when the drive current exceeds a predetermined value A1, an overcurrent protective device is operated to stop the operation of the motor 26. In this case, since the motor 26 continuously operates at a high torque until the operation of the motor 26 is stopped, the blades 24, the support bars 23, and the like of the ice scraper 15 are possibly damaged.
  • the thermostat When the current value of the motor 26 exceeds the second current value, that is, 11 A at the time t2, the thermostat is forcibly turned off to stop the operation of the ice-making machine 1.
  • the thermostat Since ice is not newly made although the ice slurry in the seawater tank 9 is used, the amount of ice in the inner pipe 12 gradually decreases, and the drive current of the motor 26 also gradually decreases with this decrease.
  • the thermostat which has been forcibly turned off, is turned on again to restart the operation of the ice-making machine 1.
  • the amount of ice in the inner pipe 12 increases again after the restart of the operation of the ice-making machine 1.
  • the thermostat is forcibly turned off again to stop the operation of the ice-making machine 1.
  • the operation of the ice-making machine 1 that is an equipment-side element is controlled based on the current value of the motor 26 of the ice scraper 15 in the ice-making machine 1.
  • This configuration thus improves the reliability of operation control on the ice-making machine 1 irrespective of occurrence of, for example, abnormal communications with an equipment side in the conventional art.
  • This configuration enables a reduction in risk of damage to the blades 24 and the support bars 23 of the ice scraper 15 due to ice made excessively, and improves the reliability of the ice-making system A as a system.
  • the evaporation temperature is increased stepwise in accordance with an excess of the current from the first current value. This configuration therefore enables stepwise reduction in amount of ice to be made by the ice-making machine 1.
  • a pressure sensor 32 detects a pressure of the seawater at the seawater inlet pipe 16 of the ice-making machine 1
  • a pressure sensor 33 detects a pressure of the seawater at the seawater outlet pipe 17 of the ice-making machine 1 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the operation of the ice-making machine 1 is controlled using pressure values which the pressure sensors 32 and 33 transmit to the control apparatus 30.
  • the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant to be supplied into the evaporator E is increased. More specifically, in the second embodiment, the evaporation temperature is set higher stepwise in accordance with an excess of the pressure difference. For example, when the pressure difference is more than 0.03 MPa, but is equal to or less than 0.04 MPa, the operation is controlled to set the evaporation temperature 0.9 times as low as the normal evaporation temperature t0. In addition, when the pressure difference is more than 0.04 MPa, but is equal to or less than 0.05 MPa, the operation is controlled to set the evaporation temperature 0.8 times as low as the normal evaporation temperature t0. The amount of ice is decreased in such a manner that the evaporation temperature is set higher than the normal value in accordance with the increase in pressure difference.
  • the thermostat when the pressure difference exceeds a second pressure value larger than the first pressure value, the thermostat is forcibly turned off to stop the operation of the ice-making machine 1. In other words, the operation of the compressor 2 is stopped to stop the circulation of the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit. It should be noted that the ice scraper 15 is continuously operated even when the thermostat is forcibly turned off. After the thermostat is forcibly turned off, when the pressure difference decreases to a certain value, for example, 0.06 MPa, the thermostat, which has been forcibly turned off, is turned on again to restart the operation of the compressor 2.
  • the operation of the ice-making machine 1 that is an equipment-side element is controlled based on the pressure difference between the pressure of the seawater (the medium to be cooled) at the seawater inlet pipe 16 of the ice-making machine 1 and the pressure of the seawater at the seawater outlet pipe 17 of the ice-making machine 1.
  • This configuration thus improves the reliability of operation control on the ice-making machine 1 irrespective of occurrence of, for example, abnormal communications with an equipment side in the conventional art.
  • This configuration enables a reduction in risk of damage to the blades 24 and the support bars 23 of the ice scraper 15 due to ice made excessively, and improves the reliability of the ice-making system A as a system.
  • the evaporation temperature is increased stepwise in accordance with an excess of the pressure difference from the first pressure value. This configuration therefore enables stepwise reduction in amount of ice to be made by the ice-making machine 1.
  • the first current value of the motor and the second current value larger than the first current value are 6 A and 11 A, respectively.
  • these current values are merely exemplary, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the first current value and the second current value are selectable as appropriate based on the size of the ice scraper, the characteristics of the motor, and others.
  • the first pressure value and the second pressure value larger than the first pressure value are 0.03 MPa and 0.08 MPa, respectively.
  • these pressure values are merely exemplary, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the first pressure value and the second pressure value are selectable as appropriate based on the size of the ice scraper, the characteristics of the pump, and others.
  • the thermostat when the current value of the motor decreases to 9 A, the thermostat, which has been forcibly turned off, is turned on again to restart the operation of the compressor.
  • the current value at the time when the thermostat is turned on again is not limited thereto, and is selectable as appropriate based on the size of the ice scraper, the characteristics of the motor, and others.
  • the evaporation temperature is increased stepwise in accordance with an excess of the current or the pressure difference.
  • the evaporation temperature may alternatively be increased linearly in accordance with the excess.
  • the evaporation temperature is increased stepwise in accordance with an excess of the current or the pressure difference.
  • the evaporation temperature may alternatively be increased by a preset temperature when the current or the pressure difference exceeds the first current value or the first pressure value.
  • the pressure sensor 32 configured to detect a pressure of the seawater at the inlet of the ice-making machine 1 is disposed near the seawater inlet pipe 16.
  • the pressure sensor 32 may be disposed at any location as long as it is capable of detecting a pressure of the seawater before heat exchange with the refrigerant in the evaporator E.
  • the pressure sensor 32 may be disposed at a position S1 indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2 (inside the inner pipe 12).
  • the pressure sensor 33 may be disposed at a position S2 indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2 (inside the inner pipe 12).
  • the evaporator E is of a flooded type, in which most of the annular space 14 between the inner pipe 12 and the outer pipe 13 is filled with the liquid refrigerant.
  • the evaporator E may alternatively be of a type, in which the refrigerant is jetted through a nozzle into the annular space 14 between the inner pipe 12 and the outer pipe 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Production, Working, Storing, Or Distribution Of Ice (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé pour la commande d'un fonctionnement d'une machine de fabrication de glace (1) configurée pour fabriquer de la glace par le refroidissement d'un milieu devant être refroidi, par échange de chaleur avec un fluide frigorigène dans un circuit de fluide frigorigène comportant un compresseur (2),
    le procédé comprenant :
    l'augmentation d'une température d'évaporation du fluide frigorigène devant alimenter la machine de fabrication de glace (1) lorsqu'un courant d'entraînement pour un grattoir à glace (15) de la machine de fabrication de glace (1) est supérieur à une première valeur de courant,
    caractérisé par
    avec le grattoir à glace (15) actionné en continu, l'arrêt d'un fonctionnement du compresseur (2) lorsque le courant d'entraînement est supérieur à une seconde valeur de courant qui est plus grande que la première valeur de courant ; et
    après l'arrêt du fonctionnement du compresseur (2) lorsque le courant d'entraînement est supérieur à la seconde valeur de courant, le redémarrage du fonctionnement du compresseur (2) lorsque le courant d'entraînement diminue jusqu'à une valeur prédéterminée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant :
    l'augmentation de la température d'évaporation par étapes conformément à un excès du courant.
  3. Procédé pour la commande d'un fonctionnement d'une machine de fabrication de glace (1) configurée pour fabriquer de la glace par le refroidissement d'un milieu devant être refroidi, par échange de chaleur avec un fluide frigorigène dans un circuit de fluide frigorigène comportant un compresseur (2),
    le procédé comprenant :
    l'augmentation d'une température d'évaporation du fluide frigorigène devant alimenter la machine de fabrication de glace (1) lorsqu'une différence de pression entre une pression du milieu devant être refroidi au niveau d'une entrée de la machine à glace (1) et une pression du milieu devant être refroidi au niveau d'une sortie de la machine à glace (1) est supérieure à une première valeur de pression
    caractérisé par
    avec un grattoir à glace (15) de la machine de fabrication de glace (1) actionné en continu, l'arrêt d'un fonctionnement du compresseur (2) lorsque la différence de pression est supérieure à une seconde valeur de pression qui est plus grande que la première valeur de pression ; et
    après l'arrêt du fonctionnement du compresseur (2) lorsque la différence de pression est plus grande que la seconde valeur de pression, le redémarrage du fonctionnement du compresseur (2) lorsque la différence de pression diminue jusqu'à une valeur prédéterminée.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, comprenant :
    l'augmentation de la température d'évaporation par étapes conformément à un excès de la différence de pression.
EP19902266.6A 2018-12-27 2019-08-28 Procédé de commande de fonctionnement pour machine à glaçons Active EP3904789B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018245322A JP6760361B2 (ja) 2018-12-27 2018-12-27 製氷機の運転制御方法
PCT/JP2019/033661 WO2020136997A1 (fr) 2018-12-27 2019-08-28 Procédé de commande de fonctionnement pour machine à glaçons

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3904789A1 EP3904789A1 (fr) 2021-11-03
EP3904789A4 EP3904789A4 (fr) 2022-03-09
EP3904789B1 true EP3904789B1 (fr) 2023-04-26

Family

ID=71127091

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19902266.6A Active EP3904789B1 (fr) 2018-12-27 2019-08-28 Procédé de commande de fonctionnement pour machine à glaçons

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20220057130A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3904789B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6760361B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN113227681A (fr)
WO (1) WO2020136997A1 (fr)

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CN115388590B (zh) * 2022-08-23 2024-03-22 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 一种制冰模块及制冰设备

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WO2020136997A1 (fr) 2020-07-02
EP3904789A1 (fr) 2021-11-03
US20220057130A1 (en) 2022-02-24
CN113227681A (zh) 2021-08-06
EP3904789A4 (fr) 2022-03-09
JP2020106212A (ja) 2020-07-09

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