EP3851581B1 - Pavé en béton, revêtement de sol et procédé de fabrication d'un pavé - Google Patents

Pavé en béton, revêtement de sol et procédé de fabrication d'un pavé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3851581B1
EP3851581B1 EP21151490.6A EP21151490A EP3851581B1 EP 3851581 B1 EP3851581 B1 EP 3851581B1 EP 21151490 A EP21151490 A EP 21151490A EP 3851581 B1 EP3851581 B1 EP 3851581B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paving stone
paving
stone
tread surface
concrete
Prior art date
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EP21151490.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3851581A1 (fr
EP3851581C0 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Godelmann
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Godelmann GmbH and Co KG
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Godelmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3851581A1 publication Critical patent/EP3851581A1/fr
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Publication of EP3851581C0 publication Critical patent/EP3851581C0/fr
Publication of EP3851581B1 publication Critical patent/EP3851581B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/008—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material made from two or more materials having different characteristics or properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a paving stone made of concrete in the form of a surface element that can be laid in a composite for creating a surface covering according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a surface covering using paving stones laid in a composite according to the preamble of patent claim 11 and a method for producing a paving stone according to patent claim 12.
  • Paving stones are well known from the prior art. There is often a desire to create paving stones with a look similar to natural stone.
  • Such a paving stone is from the German utility model DE 81 31 881 U1 known.
  • This concrete paving stone has an approximately rectangular basic shape and a side profile that recedes behind the basic shape.
  • the flanks are inclined obliquely inwards from the support surface to the top of the paving stone and end in an irregular contour, at least on the top.
  • the paving stone has a soft, natural stone-like contour when viewed from above.
  • an artificial stone with a base section is known, the base section being shaped as a cuboid for a patterned, matching arrangement of the slab stone with similar slab stones.
  • the stone further includes an upper portion having a surface that has an irregularly shaped upper contour that is different from the base contour.
  • the stone further includes an intermediate section that connects the upper section to the base section.
  • the intermediate section has an inclined wall that extends between the upper section and a side wall of the base section. Stones of this construction can easily be arranged in a regular, repeating pattern to create continuous coverage of an area.
  • the irregular upper contours of the stones simulate the appearance of natural stone.
  • the object of the invention is to create a paving stone made of concrete in the form of a surface element that can be laid in a composite to create a surface covering, which also has an irregular, natural stone-like appearance when combined. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to create a surface covering with an irregular, natural stone-like appearance and a method for producing such paving stones.
  • the task is achieved by a paving stone made of concrete in the form of a surface element that can be laid in a composite for creating a surface covering according to claim 1, a surface covering according to claim 11 and a method for producing the paving stone made of concrete according to claim 12.
  • the present invention relates to a paving stone made of concrete in the form of a surface element that can be laid in a composite for creating a surface covering.
  • the paving stone comprises at least one paving stone body with at least one flat paving stone underside and a substantially flat paving stone top opposite this, the flat paving stone underside in the laid state extending along a support plane and at least half of the total surface of the paving stone top forming a coherent tread surface which extends along a virtual tread level.
  • the paving stone is characterized in particular by the fact that the support plane and the virtual tread plane enclose a predetermined, acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees, in particular between 2 and 10 degrees. Due to the acute angle specified according to the invention, i.e. specifically set, between the support plane and the virtual tread surface, an irregularity results, at least visually, in a bond in which the paving stone is laid. This visual irregularity gives the impression of disorder and gives the paving structure an appearance similar to natural stone.
  • the paving stone underside is bounded by four lower side edges that form a rectangular lower contour, and the paver top by four upper side edges that form a square upper contour. According to the invention, at least one of the upper side edges runs to the adjacent lower side edge in such a way that the upper side edge of the upper contour projected into the lower contour encloses an acute angle with the adjacent lower side edge of the lower contour.
  • the virtual tread plane is deliberately designed to be oblique, i.e. in particular not parallel, to the support plane.
  • An acute angle is an angle greater than 0° but less than 90°.
  • the oblique course of the tread surface according to the invention visually results in an irregularity in a bond in which the paving stone is laid.
  • the course of the upper side edge, the projection of which forms an acute angle with the adjacent lower side edge, in combination with the specifically specified acute angle between the support plane and the virtual tread level results in a further increased irregularity in a bond in which the paving stone is laid .
  • the tread surface extending in the virtual tread surface level is moved at least partially inwards in the direction of a vertical penetrating the paving stone essentially centrally vertically on the underside of the paving stone.
  • the tread surface is at least partially surrounded by an edge section which connects the upper side edge with the tread surface.
  • the edge section is designed to be beveled relative to the tread surface extending in the virtual tread surface plane.
  • the edge section encloses an acute angle between 2 and 45 degrees, preferably between 10 and 25 degrees, relative to the support plane.
  • the virtual tread plane occupies between 50% and 90%, preferably approximately 80%, of the total surface of the top side of the paving stone.
  • the support plane and the virtual tread plane intersect in their respective lateral extension of the paving stone in a cutting line at a predetermined, acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees.
  • the cutting line runs parallel to the upper side edge of the upper contour and its respective adjacent lower side edge of the lower contour.
  • the cutting line runs at a predetermined, acute angle between 1 and 90 degrees to the upper side edge of the upper contour and its respective adjacent lower side edge of the lower contour.
  • the predetermined acute angle is between 0.5° and 10°, preferably between 2° and 7.5°, particularly preferably about 3° to 5°. Angles smaller than those mentioned lead to a barely or only faintly noticeable effect, so that the natural stone-like appearance is lost. Angles of inclination larger than those mentioned, on the other hand, lead to very wide joints that are no longer visually appealing and impair the accessibility of the paving structure.
  • the lower paving stone section consists of core concrete and the upper paving stone section consists of core concrete in a lower area and facing concrete in an upper area. Only the top area of the paving stone is made of facing concrete, the rest is made of core concrete.
  • the core concrete is designed for the expected load on the paving stone, while the facing concrete determines the surface quality, for example in terms of appearance and/or grip.
  • the lower paving stone section is delimited by the underside of the stone, the interface between the upper paving stone section and the lower paving stone section and four peripheral sides and the paving stone body has spacer elements on at least two of the peripheral sides.
  • the spacer elements can be brought into contact with spacer elements or peripheral sides of the adjacent paving stones in the laid state of the paving stone in the composite, whereby the distances between the lower paving stone sections in the paving stone are precisely determined.
  • the joints between the lower ones are also created Paving stone sections and thus the joints between the tops of the stones vary, which in turn supports the irregularity of the paving bond and thus the natural stone-like appearance.
  • a surface covering comprising a large number of laid paving stones.
  • at least one of the paving stones is designed according to the previous description.
  • This at least one paving stone is characterized in particular by the fact that the support plane and the virtual tread plane enclose a predetermined, acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees.
  • This course of the tread surface creates an irregularity in the paving bond, which gives the impression of disorder and gives the paving bond an appearance similar to natural stone.
  • the paving stones are still easy to lay because they can have a specified grid size. You get a look similar to natural stone without the difficulties of laying real natural stone.
  • the paving association has at least two different paving stone formats, i.e. two types of paving stones, which only differ in the acute angle of the support plane to the virtual tread plane.
  • the first paving stone format can include a predetermined acute angle of approximately 3° or 4° degrees between the support plane and the virtual tread level and the second paving stone format can include a predetermined acute angle of approximately 6° degrees.
  • Different formats of paving stones loosen up the appearance of the paving structure and support the natural stone-like appearance.
  • a paving bandage with three or more paving stone formats can also be produced.
  • At least two of the paving stones and/or paving stone formats are designed in such a way that their paving stone bodies have spacer elements on at least two of the peripheral sides and these spacer elements are different from one another. Joints of different widths are then created between the tops of adjacent paving stones, which further enhance the natural stone-like appearance of the paving structure.
  • the plaster bandage is a braided bandage and/or a Roman bandage.
  • a method for producing a paving stone made of concrete according to the invention is proposed.
  • a formwork is provided which delimits a cavity, the cavity comprising a stone body section which corresponds to the paving stone body of the paving stone.
  • the formwork can be provided in various ways known to those skilled in the art. It acts as a negative for the paving stone body of the paving stone.
  • concrete is then placed in the formwork, the concrete is compacted and hardened and the formwork is removed from the concrete.
  • At least half of the total surface of a paving stone top is compacted as a continuous tread surface, which extends along a virtual tread plane, by producing the virtual tread plane at a predetermined, acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees to the support plane.
  • the tread surface is deliberately made oblique, namely at an acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees, to the support level.
  • the paving stone is designed according to the previous description.
  • the paving stone comprises at least one paving stone body with at least one flat paving stone underside and a substantially flat paving stone top opposite this, the flat paving stone underside in the laid state extending along a support plane and at least half of the total surface of the paving stone top forming a coherent tread surface which extends along a virtual tread level.
  • the paving stone produced in this way is particularly characterized by the fact that the support plane and the virtual tread plane enclose a predetermined, acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees.
  • the irregularity of the resulting paving stone creates the impression of disorder and gives the paving structure an appearance similar to natural stone.
  • the cavity further comprises an insertion section which adjoins the stone body section and in particular has the shape of a prism with a base area which corresponds to the top of the stone.
  • the concrete can be introduced into the formwork via the introduction section; this prevents the concrete from overflowing, even if only slightly more concrete was introduced than fits into the cavity.
  • the concrete can be compacted with a stamp in the form of a pressure plate, with the stamp ending with the introduction section.
  • the stamp therefore preferably also has a base area that corresponds to the top of the stone and therefore fits precisely into the insertion section.
  • the top of the stone is compacted with the stamp in such a way that at least half of the total surface of the top of the paving stone is formed as a continuous tread surface that extends along a virtual tread plane. Furthermore, the stamp is pressed onto the top of the paving stone at a predetermined acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees based on the support plane on the virtual tread surface level.
  • core concrete is placed in the formwork first.
  • the core concrete provides the necessary resilience for the paving stone, but can be relatively rough as it will not be visible later.
  • the core concrete is then preferably pre-compacted, for example by shaking. Facing concrete is then introduced into the formwork, which in particular creates the desired surface appearance and structure of the paving stone.
  • the facing concrete After the facing concrete has been placed, the concrete is compacted in such a way that the virtual tread level is created at a predetermined acute angle between 0.5 and 10 degrees relative to the support level. Finally, all layers, i.e. core concrete and facing concrete, are hardened.
  • the expressions “approximately”, “essentially” or “approximately” mean deviations from the exact value by +/- 10%, preferably by +/- 5% and/or deviations in the form of changes that are insignificant for the function .
  • Figure 1a shows an exemplary embodiment variant of a paving stone 1 made of concrete 12, 13 in the form of a surface element that can be laid in a composite to create a surface covering in a perspective view.
  • the exemplary paving stone 1 consists of a paving stone body 2, which comprises a lower paving stone section 3 and an adjoining upper paving stone section 4.
  • An interface 5 is formed between the lower paving stone section 3 and the upper paving stone section 4, which is indicated as a dashed line in the figures.
  • the lower paving stone section 3 can, for example, be essentially cuboid-shaped and have or form a paving stone underside 6.
  • the underside of the paving stone 6 can be delimited in the context of an exemplary cuboid design by four lower side edges 7, which then form a substantially rectangular lower contour 8.
  • the lower contour 8 is square.
  • the lower paving stone section 3 is not limited to the cuboid geometry or structure of the lower paving stone section 3 as an example here, but can also have any other round and/or non-round contour 8 as a geometric structure.
  • the lower paving stone section 3 can also have a triangular or polygonal, i.e. polygonal, lower contour 8 in plan view.
  • a combination of round and non-round lower contour sections is also possible and conceivable.
  • the only important thing here is that the underside of the paving stone 6 is essentially flat, i.e. planar, and extends along a support plane AE in the laid state of the paving stone 1.
  • the upper paving stone section 4 is provided adjacent to the interface 5 and in a contact-fitting manner, which can form an upper contour 11 that is identical to the lower contour 8.
  • the upper and lower contours 8, 11 are congruent, in particular identical, in plan view.
  • a substantially flat paving stone top 9 can be provided opposite the flat paving stone underside 6.
  • the paving stone top 9 can be provided, in particular formed, on the upper paving stone section 4, specifically opposite the interface 5.
  • the top side of the paving stone 9 can be laterally delimited in the context of an exemplary cuboid design by four upper side edges 10, which then form a substantially rectangular upper contour 11.
  • the upper contour 11 can also be designed to be square.
  • the upper paving stone section 4 is also not limited to the cuboid structure or geometry of the upper paving stone section 4, which is exemplified here, but can also have any other round and/or non-round upper contour 11 as a geometric structure.
  • the upper paving stone section 4 can also have a triangular or polygonal, i.e. polygonal, upper contour 11 in plan view.
  • a combination of round and non-round contour sections is also possible and conceivable.
  • what is essential in connection with the flat paving stone top 9 is that it is provided opposite the paving stone underside 6 and at least half of the total surface of the paving stone top 9 forms a coherent tread surface TF, which extends along a virtual tread plane TFE.
  • the upper paving stone section 4 therefore forms a paving stone top 9 that is visible after the paving stone 1 has been laid, which can be walked on and/or driven on in particular in the area of the virtual tread surface TFE, and the contiguous tread surface TF occupies at least half of the total surface of the paving stone top 9.
  • the tread surface TF extending in the virtual tread plane TFE extends at least partially inwards in the direction of a Paving stone 1 is advantageously moved centrally vertically on the underside of the paving stone 6 penetrating vertical V.
  • the tread surface TF can be surrounded in this area by an edge section RA, which forms the top side of the paving stone 9 in this area and connects the upper side edge 11 with the tread surface TF.
  • the tread surface TF can be surrounded or bordered at least in sections, i.e. partially circumferentially, by an edge section RA.
  • the tread surface TF is completely surrounded or bordered by an edge section RA.
  • the edge section RA can be designed to be beveled relative to the tread surface TF extending in the virtual tread plane TFE.
  • the edge section RA can enclose an acute angle ⁇ between 5 and 45 degrees, preferably between 10 and 25 degrees, with respect to the support plane AE.
  • the virtual tread level TFE can occupy between 50% and 90%, advantageously approximately 80%, of the total surface of the paving stone top 9.
  • the paving stone top 9 can be roughened and/or bossed and/or smooth or flat, i.e. flat, at least in the area of the tread surface TF.
  • the paving stone 1 is characterized in particular by the fact that the support plane AE and the virtual tread plane TFE enclose a predetermined, acute angle ⁇ between 0.5 and 10 degrees, in particular between 2 and 10 degrees. Due to the acute angle ⁇ specified according to the invention, i.e. specifically set, between the support plane AE and the virtual tread surface TFE, an irregularity results, at least visually, in a bond in which the paving stone 1 is laid. This visual irregularity gives the impression of disorder and gives the paving structure an appearance similar to natural stone. In other words, the virtual tread surface TFE is deliberately designed to be oblique, ie in particular not parallel, to the support plane AE.
  • the support plane AE and the virtual tread plane TFE intersect in their respective lateral extension of the paving stone 1 in an intersection line SG (in Figure 1b shown) at a predetermined, acute angle ⁇ between 0.5 and 10 degrees.
  • the cutting line SG can run parallel to the upper side edge 10 of the upper contour 11 and its respective adjacent lower side edge 7 of the lower contour 8.
  • the cutting line SG can also run at a predetermined, acute angle ⁇ between 1 and 90 degrees to the upper side edge 10 of the upper contour 11 and its respective adjacent lower side edge 7 of the lower contour 8.
  • Figure 1b is shown with a dashed cutting line SG 'an embodiment variant that runs parallel to the upper and its adjacent lower side edge 7, 10 and with the cutting line SG "an embodiment variant that is at a predetermined, acute angle ⁇ between 1 and 89 degrees to the upper and whose adjacent lower side edge 7, 10 runs.
  • Figures 2a to 2d show longitudinal sections through the paving stone 1 Figures 1a to 1d in various steps of its production.
  • a formwork 18 is provided which delimits a cavity 19.
  • the cavity 19 includes a stone body section 19.1, which corresponds to the paving stone body 2 of the paving stone 1. This means that the formwork 18 is the negative for the paving stone body 2.
  • the stone body section 19.1 is followed by an introduction section 19.2 of the cavity 19, via which concrete is introduced into the formwork 18 and which is also important when compacting the concrete.
  • the insertion section 19.2 has the shape of a prism, the base of the prism corresponding to the top of the stone 9.
  • Core concrete 12 is first introduced into the formwork 18.
  • the formwork 18 with inserted core concrete 12 is in Figure 2b shown.
  • the core concrete 12 is then pre-compacted.
  • Facing concrete 13 is then introduced into the formwork 18, the formwork 18 being filled with the facing concrete 13 in Figure 2c is shown.
  • core concrete 12 and facing concrete 13 only one type of concrete can be introduced. This affects the quality, appearance and/or price of the paving stone 1.
  • the concrete placed in the formwork 18 is then compacted.
  • This is preferably done using a stamp 20, as in Figure 2d shown.
  • the stamp 20 closes precisely with the insertion section 19.2. That is, the The base area of the stamp 20 also corresponds to the top side of the paving stone 9.
  • the underside of the stamp 20 can be designed as a pressure plate, which can be smooth and / or can have corners that round off the edges of the paving stone 1 and / or can have a pattern, which gives the paving stone top 9 a corresponding pattern.
  • the paving stone top 9 is compacted with the stamp 20 in such a way that at least half of the total surface of the paving stone top 9 is formed as a continuous tread surface TF, which extends along a virtual tread plane TFE. Furthermore, the stamp 20 is pressed onto the top of the paving stone 9 at a predetermined acute angle ⁇ between 0.5 and 10 degrees based on the support plane AE on the virtual tread plane TFE. Finally, after the concrete has been compacted and hardened, the formwork 18 is removed from the concrete or from the finished paving stone 1.
  • the Figures 3a and 3b show a top view of or a longitudinal section through a further exemplary embodiment of a paving stone 1.
  • the paving stone body 2 of this paving stone 1 has spacer elements 24 on two of the four peripheral sides 23, which together with the underside of the stone 6 and the interface 5 delimit the lower paving stone section 3.
  • the spacer elements 24 are arranged on two adjacent peripheral sides 23 and are made in one piece with the paving stone body 2.
  • joints 22 of different widths can also be achieved between the paving stones 1. This allows the natural stone-like impression of the paving association 21 to be further enhanced.
  • the stone top 9 is delimited by four upper side edges 10, which form a square upper contour 11.
  • the stone top 9 is also in the in Figure 4b
  • the top view of the paving stone 1 is clearly visible.
  • the support plane AE and the virtual tread plane TFE enclose a predetermined, acute angle ⁇ between 0.5 and 10 degrees, in particular between 2 and 10 degrees.
  • the lower contour 8 is shown in dashed lines and the projected upper contour 11 is shown as a continuous line. Where the lower contour 8 with the Projected upper contour 11 matches, only the continuous line is shown.
  • the projected upper contour 11 is completely incorporated into the lower contour 8, that is, the upper contour 11 does not protrude beyond the lower contour 8.
  • the paving stones 1 can therefore be laid in a bandage according to their lower contour 8.
  • the joints that result in the connection between the upper contours 11 of adjacent paving stones 1 are at least as wide as, but usually wider than, the joints between the corresponding lower contours 8 of adjacent paving stones 1.
  • one of the upper side edges 10 also runs in Figure 4b - to the adjacent lower side edge 7 in such a way that the projected upper side edge 10 encloses an acute angle ⁇ with the adjacent lower side edge 7.
  • the lower side edge 7 adjacent to an upper side edge 10 is understood to mean that lower side edge 7 whose center is the shortest distance from the center of the projected upper side edge 10. In the event that a projected upper side edge 10 coincides with a lower side edge 7, this lower side edge 7 is also the adjacent lower side edge 7 to the upper side edge 10.
  • the acute angle ⁇ is greater than 0° but less than 90°.
  • the acute angle ⁇ corresponds to a predetermined angle of inclination, which is between 2° and 5°, preferably between 3° and 4° and particularly preferably approximately 3.5°.
  • the acute angle ⁇ is shown greatly enlarged in order to improve visibility.
  • Further paving stones 1 of the association also have upper side edges 10, which run to the adjacent lower side edges 7 in such a way that the projected upper side edges 10 enclose acute angles ⁇ with the lower side edges 7 and with the specifically predetermined acute angle o between the support plane AE and the virtual tread level TFE, many such irregularities arise give the impression of disorder and give the paving structure an appearance similar to natural stone.
  • the lower contours 8 of the paving stones 1 are rectangular, so that the paving stones 1 can be easily laid.
  • the upper paving stone section 4 is delimited by the stone top 9, the interface 5 between the upper paving stone section 4 and the lower paving stone section 3 and four flanks 14.
  • the flanks 14 have four corners.
  • the flanks 14 are flat squares 15 or crooked squares 16.
  • Crooked squares 16 are squares whose four corners do not lie in one plane.
  • the oblique squares 16 are formed from two connected flat triangles 17. In principle, two different configurations are conceivable, so that the upper paving stone section 4 is concave or convex in the area of the oblique square 16. To avoid sharp edges, the in Figure 1a configuration shown is selected, in which the upper paving stone section 4 is convex.
  • One triangle 17 is parallel to the vertical V.
  • the oblique alignment of this part of the flank 14 results in a widened joint to the neighboring paving stone 1 in the paving bond, which supports the natural stone-like appearance of the paving bond
  • Figure 4c shows a longitudinal section through the paving stone 1 along the in Figure 4b shown line A - A'.
  • the interface 5 between the lower paving stone section 3 and the upper paving stone section 4 is again shown as a dashed line.
  • the entire lower paving stone section 3 and a lower region of the upper paving stone section 4 consist of core concrete 12, while an upper region of the upper paving stone section 4 consists of facing concrete 13.
  • the core concrete 12 is designed for the expected load on the paving stone 1, while the facing concrete 13 determines the nature of the stone top 9, for example in terms of appearance and/or grip.
  • the Figures 5a to 5h show, for example, representations of the lower contour 8 and projected upper contour 11 of various embodiments of a paving stone 1.
  • the lower contour 8, which is shown in dashed lines, is in the Figures 5a to 5h even.
  • corresponding embodiments of paving stones 1 can also be transferred to paving stones 1 with other lower contours 8, in particular also to paving stones 1 with square lower contours 8.
  • FIGs 5a and 5b three of the projected upper side edges 10 coincide with the lower side edges 7 adjacent to them.
  • the fourth projected upper side edge 10 forms an acute angle ⁇ with the lower side edge 7 adjacent to it, the acute angle ⁇ being shown enlarged in the figures and between 2° and 5°, preferably between 3° and 4°, particularly preferably approximately should be 3.5°.
  • the lower side edge 7 adjacent to the fourth projected upper side edge 10 is a short edge of the rectangle, in Figure 5b a long edge of the rectangle.
  • Figures 5c and 5d show two embodiments of paving stones 1, in which exactly two of the projected upper side edges 10 enclose an acute angle ⁇ with the lower side edges 7 adjacent to them.
  • Figure 5c These are upper side edges 10, which adjoin one another at a corner Figure 5d they are opposite upper side edges 10.
  • the paving stones 1 shown have exactly three upper side edges 10, which are designed in such a way that the projected upper side edge 10 encloses an acute angle ⁇ with the lower side edge 7 adjacent to it.
  • the projected upper side edge 10 encloses an acute angle ⁇ with the lower side edge 7 adjacent to it.
  • Various variations are possible here, in particular with regard to the direction of rotation in which the projected upper side edge 10 is rotated in relation to the lower side edge 7 adjacent to it.
  • the upper contour 11 can be a rectangle that is rotated compared to the lower contour 8.
  • the upper contour 11 can also be an asymmetrical square, as exemplified in Figure 5h shown.
  • FIGS 6a to 6d shown embodiments of a paving stone 1 have, in addition to upper side edges 10, which are designed such that the projected upper Side edge 10 forms an acute angle ⁇ with the adjacent lower side edge 7, and / or upper side edges 10, which are designed such that the projected upper side edge 10 coincides with the adjacent lower side edge 7, also upper side edges 10, which are designed in this way that the projected upper side edge 10 runs parallel but shifted to the adjacent lower side edge 7.
  • FIGs 6a and 6d two projected upper side edges 10 run parallel, but shifted to the adjacent lower side edge 7, in Figures 6b and 6c This is just a projected upper side edge 10.
  • a wide variety of variants are also conceivable here.

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  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Pavé en béton (12 ; 13) présentant la forme d'un élément plat susceptible d'être posé en combinaison, destiné à créer un revêtement de surface, comprenant au moins un corps (2) de pavé, pourvu d'au moins une face inférieure (6) de pavé plane et d'une face supérieure (9) de pavé sensiblement plate, opposée à celle-ci, à l'état posé, la face inférieure (6) de pavé plane s'étendant le long d'un plan d'appui (AE) et au moins la moitié de la surface totale de la face supérieure (9) de pavé constituant une surface praticable (TF) cohérente qui s'étend le long d'un plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel, le plan d'appui (AE) et le plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel incluant un angle aigu (α) prédéfini, compris entre 0,5 et 10 degrés, notamment entre 2 et 10 degrés, la face inférieure (6) de pavé étant délimitée par quatre arêtes latérales (7) inférieures, qui forment un contour (8) inférieur rectangulaire, et la face supérieure (9) de pavé étant délimitée par quatre arêtes latérales (10) supérieures, qui forment un contour (11) supérieur carré, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des arêtes latérales (10) supérieures s'écoule par rapport à l'arête latérale (7) inférieure voisine de telle sorte, que l'arête latérale (10) supérieure du contour (11) supérieur projetée dans le contour (8) inférieur inclue un angle aigu (µ) avec l'arête latérale (7) inférieure voisine du contour (11) inférieur.
  2. Pavé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la surface praticable (TF) qui s'étend dans le plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel est repoussée au moins sur une partie de sa périphérie vers l'intérieur, en direction d'une verticale (V) traversant le pavé (1) sensiblement de manière centrale, à la verticale sur la face inférieure (6) de pavé.
  3. Pavé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la surface praticable (TF) est encadrée au moins sur une partie de sa périphérie par une section de bord (RA), qui relie l'arête latérale (11) supérieure respective avec la surface praticable (TF).
  4. Pavé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la section de bord (RA) est conçue en étant chanfreinée par rapport à la surface praticable (TF) qui s'étend dans le plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel.
  5. Pavé selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la section de bord (RA) inclus par rapport au plan d'appui (AE) un angle aigu (β) compris entre 2 et 45 degrés, de préférence entre 10 et 25 degrés.
  6. Pavé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel occupe entre 50 % et 90 %, de préférence environ 80 % de la surface totale de la face supérieure (9) de pavé.
  7. Pavé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans leur prolongement latéral respectif du pavé (1), le plan d'appui (AE) et le plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel se recoupent dans une droite d'intersection (SG, SG', SG") sous un angle aigu (α) prédéfini, compris entre 0,5 et 10 degrés, notamment entre 2 et 10 degrés.
  8. Pavé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la droite d'intersection (SG, SG') s'écoule à la parallèle de l'arête latérale (10) supérieure du contour (11) supérieur et de son arête latérale (7) inférieure respectivement voisine du contour (8) inférieur.
  9. Pavé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la droite d'intersection (SG, SG") s'écoule sous un angle aigu (Ω) prédéfini, compris entre 1 et 90 degrés par rapport à l'arête latérale (10) supérieure du contour (11) supérieur et de son arête latérale (7) inférieure respectivement voisine du contour (8) inférieur.
  10. Pavé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la section de pavé (3) inférieure est constituée de béton de coeur (12) et la section de pavé (4) supérieure est constituée au moins dans une zone supérieure de béton de parement (13).
  11. Revêtement de surface par des pavés (1) posés en combinaison, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des pavés (1) est conçu selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.
  12. Procédé, destiné à fabriquer un pavé (1) en béton (12 ; 13) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 précédentes, un coffrage (18) étant mis à disposition qui délimite une cavité (19), la cavité (19) comprenant une section (19.1) de corps de pavé qui correspond au corps (2) de pavé du pavé (1), du béton (12 ; 13) étant introduit dans le coffrage (18), le béton (12 ; 13) étant compacté et solidifié et le coffrage (18) étant retiré du béton (12 ; 13), lors duquel au moins la moitié de la surface totale de la face supérieure (9) de pavé est compactée sous la forme d'une surface praticable (TF) cohérente, qui s'étend le long du plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel, en ce que le plan (TFE) de surface praticable virtuel est fabriqué selon l'angle aigu (α) prédéfini, compris entre 0,5 et 10 degrés, notamment entre 2 et 10 degrés par rapport au plan d'appui (AE).
EP21151490.6A 2020-01-15 2021-01-14 Pavé en béton, revêtement de sol et procédé de fabrication d'un pavé Active EP3851581B1 (fr)

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DE102020100860.0A DE102020100860A1 (de) 2020-01-15 2020-01-15 Pflasterstein aus Beton, Flächenbelag sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Pflastersteins

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EP3851581C0 EP3851581C0 (fr) 2023-11-29
EP3851581B1 true EP3851581B1 (fr) 2023-11-29

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7923025U1 (de) * 1979-08-11 1979-10-31 Niederdreisbacherhuette Gmbh, 5241 Niederdreisbach Pflasterstein
DE8131881U1 (de) 1981-10-31 1982-02-17 Dollt, Wilhelm, 6729 Hördt Pflasterstein
DE3638207A1 (de) * 1986-11-08 1988-05-11 Netter Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von betonfomsteinen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE8814520U1 (de) * 1988-11-22 1989-02-23 Theurer, Edgar, Dipl.-Ing. Bau (FH), 7542 Schömberg Rampenstein für Aufpflasterungen, Teilaufpflasterungen, Schwellen u.dgl. in Straßen sowie zur Begrenzung von Verkehrs- und anderen Flächen
WO2009036553A1 (fr) 2007-09-21 2009-03-26 Les Matériaux De Construction Oldcastle Canada, Inc. Dalle artificielle
DE102010061119A1 (de) * 2010-09-21 2012-03-22 Lithonplus Gmbh & Co. Kg Profiliert geneigtes Rinnensteinsystem

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EP3851581A1 (fr) 2021-07-21
EP3851581C0 (fr) 2023-11-29

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