EP3807205B1 - Procédé de construction d'une installation d'ascenseur - Google Patents

Procédé de construction d'une installation d'ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3807205B1
EP3807205B1 EP19728088.6A EP19728088A EP3807205B1 EP 3807205 B1 EP3807205 B1 EP 3807205B1 EP 19728088 A EP19728088 A EP 19728088A EP 3807205 B1 EP3807205 B1 EP 3807205B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction phase
elevator
drive
drive system
guide rail
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP19728088.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3807205A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Studer
Stefan Weber
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Publication of EP3807205A1 publication Critical patent/EP3807205A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
    • B66B19/005—Mining-hoist operation installing or exchanging the elevator drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
    • B66B19/002—Mining-hoist operation installing or exchanging guide rails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/02—Guideways; Guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/02—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/043—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation
    • B66B11/0461—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation with rack and pinion gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/02—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable
    • B66B9/022—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable by rack and pinion drives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for erecting an elevator system in an elevator shaft of a new building, in which method a construction phase elevator system with a self-propelled construction phase elevator car is installed for the duration of the construction phase of the building in the elevator shaft that increases with increasing building height, the usable Lifting height of the construction phase elevator car is gradually adapted to a currently existing elevator shaft height.
  • an indoor construction elevator is known to be installed in an elevator shaft of a building under construction.
  • the installation of this elevator takes place synchronously with the erection of the building, ie the usable lifting height of the indoor construction elevator increases with the increasing height of the building or the elevator shaft.
  • Such an adjustment of the usable lifting height serves on the one hand to transport construction workers and building materials to the currently top part of the building during the construction progress, and on the other hand such a lift can be used as a passenger and goods lift for residential or commercial premises already used during the construction phase of the building floors are used.
  • its elevator car is designed as a self-propelled elevator car that is moved up and down by a drive system that includes a rack and pinion attached to the elevator car and interacting with the rack and pinion.
  • a guide system for the elevator car is installed along the elevator shaft, and the rack and pinion strand is fixed to this guide system parallel to its guide direction with a length that can also be adjusted to the current elevator shaft height.
  • the pinion cooperating with said rack and pinion to drive the elevator car is attached to the output shaft of a drive unit arranged on the elevator car. Power is supplied to the drive unit via an electrical conductor line.
  • the Indian CN106006303A The indoor construction elevator described with backpack guidance and rack and pinion drive is not suitable as an elevator with high travel speeds. However, high driving speeds of at least 3 m/s are at final Elevator systems required in buildings whose building height justifies the installation of a construction phase elevator system, the usable lifting height of which can be adjusted as the height of the elevator shaft increases during the construction phase of the building.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a method of the type described above, with the use of which the disadvantages of the interior construction elevator mentioned as prior art can be avoided.
  • the method is intended to solve the problem that the travel speed that can be achieved by the indoor construction elevator is not sufficient to serve as a normal passenger and goods elevator after the completion of a tall building.
  • a construction phase elevator system is installed in the elevator shaft that increases with increasing building height, which comprises a self-propelled construction phase elevator car whose usable lifting height is increasing Elevator shaft height can be adjusted, at least one guide rail run being installed in the elevator shaft to guide the construction phase elevator car along its route, with a drive system being installed to drive the construction phase elevator car, which has a primary part attached to the construction phase elevator car and a primary part along the route of the construction phase -Elevator car attached secondary part includes, wherein the guide rail track and the secondary part of the drive system are gradually extended upwards during the construction phase of the increasing elevator shaft height, the self-propelled construction phase elevator car both for transport animals and/or material for the construction of the building, as well as a passenger and freight elevator for floors already used as residential or commercial premises during the construction phase of the building, and where, after the elevator shaft has reached its final height, instead of the Construction phase elevator system a final elevator system
  • Possible modifications can consist, for example, in using a drive motor and/or an associated speed control device with higher power, in changing transmission ratios in drive components or in diameters of traction sheaves or friction wheels, in installing elevator cars with reduced weight or other dimensions and equipment , or that a counterweight is integrated into the final elevator system.
  • a final elevator system is installed in the elevator shaft, in which a drive system of an elevator car is modified compared to the drive system of the construction phase elevator car.
  • the drive system of the elevator car of the final elevator system is based on a different operating principle than the drive system of the construction phase elevator car. Because the final elevator system and thus the associated drive system do not meet the requirement have to be adaptable to an increasing building height, the use of a drive system based on a different operating principle enables an optimal adaptation of the final elevator system to requirements regarding travel speed, transport performance and travel comfort.
  • the term "effective principle" is to be understood as meaning the type of generation of a force for lifting an elevator car and its transmission to the elevator car.
  • Preferred drive systems with a different operating principle than in the self-propelled construction phase elevator car are drives with flexible suspension means - such as wire ropes or belts - which carry and drive the elevator car of a final elevator system in different arrangement variants of the drive machine and the suspension means.
  • all drive systems - for example electric linear motor drives, hydraulic drives, ball screw drives, etc. - can be used whose operating principle differs from the operating principle of the drive system of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car, and which are suitable for relatively large lifting heights and generate sufficiently high travel speeds of the elevator car be able.
  • a final elevator car of the final elevator system is guided on the same at least one guide rail track on which the construction phase elevator car was guided. This avoids the large amount of work, the high costs and, in particular, the long interruption time in elevator operation for replacing the at least one guide rail run.
  • the construction phase elevator car is used during the construction phase of the building both to transport people and/or material for the construction of the building and as a passenger and freight elevator for during the construction phase of the building already as a residential or Floors used for business premises.
  • construction workers and building materials can be transported with the construction phase elevator car during almost the entire construction period of the building.
  • users of apartments or business premises that have already been occupied before completion of the building can be transported between at least the floors assigned to these rooms in accordance with regulations, without business interruptions lasting for days when the lifting height of the construction phase elevator car is adjusted required are.
  • an assembly platform and/or a protective platform is/are temporarily installed above a current travel path upper limit of the construction phase elevator car, after which the assembly platform and/or a protective platform or the protective platform can be raised to a higher elevator shaft level by means of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car.
  • the protective platform that can be raised by means of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car is designed as an assembly platform from which at least the at least one guide rail strand mentioned is extended upwards.
  • the combination of protective platform and assembly platform results in cost savings for their manufacture.
  • the protective platform and the assembly platform can each be brought into a new position in the elevator shaft suitable for the assembly work to be carried out and fixed there in a single step and without additional lifting equipment by lifting using the self-propelled construction phase elevator car.
  • the primary part of the drive system mounted to drive the construction phase elevator car comprises a plurality of driven friction wheels, the construction phase elevator car being driven by interaction of the driven friction wheels with the secondary part of the drive system attached along the route of the construction phase elevator car .
  • friction wheels as the primary part of a drive of a construction phase elevator car is advantageous because a corresponding secondary part, which extends along the entire travel route, consists of simple and inexpensive elements can be produced, and because relatively high speeds with low noise development can be achieved with friction wheel drives.
  • the at least one guide rail track is used as a secondary part of the drive system of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car.
  • At least two driven friction wheels are pressed against each of two opposite guide surfaces of the at least one guide rail run, with the friction wheels acting on the same guide surface in each case being arranged at a distance from one another in the direction of the guide rail run.
  • At least one of the friction wheels is rotatably mounted at one end of a pivoting lever, which is pivotally mounted at its other end on a pivoting axis fixed to the construction phase elevator car, the pivoting axis of the pivoting lever being arranged in such a way that the Center of the friction wheel is below the center of the pivot axis when the friction wheel is applied or pressed against the associated guide surface of the guide rail strand.
  • Such an arrangement of the at least one friction wheel ensures that when the construction phase elevator car is driven in the upward direction, a contact pressure force is automatically established between the friction wheel and the guide surface, which is approximately proportional to the drive force that is transmitted from the guide surface to the friction wheel . This avoids the friction wheels always having to be pressed so hard that a driving force required for the maximum total weight of the construction phase elevator car can be transmitted.
  • the at least one friction wheel is pressed at all times with a minimum contact pressure against a guide surface of a guide rail strand by the action of a spring element—for example a helical compression spring.
  • the minimum contact force means that as soon as the friction wheels start to drive the elevator car during the construction phase in the upwards direction, contact pressure forces are automatically set between the friction wheels and the guide surfaces of the guide rail run, which approximately correspond to the current total weight of the Construction phase elevator car are proportional.
  • the at least one friction wheel is driven by an electric motor assigned exclusively to this friction wheel or by a hydraulic motor assigned exclusively to this friction wheel.
  • Such a drive arrangement enables a very simple and compact drive configuration.
  • the at least one friction wheel and the electric motor assigned to it or the friction wheel and the assigned hydraulic motor are arranged on the same axis.
  • the electric motors of the Friction wheels acting on a guide surface of a guide rail run are arranged offset by about the length of an electric motor in relation to the electric motors of the friction wheels acting on the other guide surface in the axial direction of the friction wheels and electric motors.
  • the electric motors whose diameter is significantly larger than the diameter of the friction wheels, are offset from one another in their axial direction ensures that the installation spaces for the electric motors of the friction wheels acting on one guide surface of the guide rail run do not overlap with the installation spaces for the electric motors of the friction wheels acting on the other guide surface of the guide rail run, even if the friction wheels arranged on one side of the guide rail run are positioned in such a way that their mutual distances, measured in the direction of the guide rail run, are not significantly greater than the diameter of the electric motors.
  • the height of the installation space required for the drive system is minimized by this arrangement of the drive system—in particular when using drive electric motors with a relatively large diameter.
  • At least one group of several friction wheels is driven by a single electric motor assigned to the group or by a single hydraulic motor assigned to the group, with torque being transmitted to the friction wheels of the group by means of a mechanical transmission.
  • a simplification of the electrical or the hydraulic part of the drive can be achieved with such a drive concept.
  • a chain wheel drive, a belt drive, a toothed wheel drive or a combination of such drives is used as the mechanical drive for the torque transmission to the friction wheels.
  • Such transmissions make it possible to drive the friction wheels of a group of several friction wheels from a single drive motor.
  • each of the electric motors driving at least one friction wheel and/or an electric motor driving a hydraulic pump which feeds at least one hydraulic motor driving at least one friction wheel is fed by at least one frequency converter controlled by a controller of the construction phase elevator system .
  • a power supply device is installed for the construction phase elevator car, which power supply device comprises a conductor line installed along the elevator shaft, which is lengthened in accordance with the increasing elevator shaft height during the construction phase.
  • a holding brake acting between the construction phase elevator car and the at least one guide rail run is activated during each standstill of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car of the construction phase elevator system, and in the case of at least one friction wheel, this is used to generate driving force from the associated drive motor at least reduced torque transmitted to the at least one friction wheel.
  • Such an embodiment has the advantage that the friction wheels do not have to apply the required vertical holding force while the elevator car during the construction phase is at a standstill. They therefore do not have to be pressed against the guide surfaces of the guide rail train with corresponding force. As a result, the problem of flattening of the periphery of the friction linings when the friction wheels are at a standstill can be largely alleviated. Since each friction wheel is pressed against the guide surface approximately proportionally to the drive force transmitted between it and the guide surface thanks to the type of arrangement described above, it is necessary to at least reduce this drive force or the torque transmitted from the drive motor to the friction wheel.
  • a primary part of an electric linear drive is used as the primary part of the drive system for driving the construction phase elevator car and a secondary part of the named electric linear drive fixed along the elevator shaft is used as the secondary part of the named drive system.
  • Such an embodiment of the method according to the invention has the advantage that the drive of the construction phase elevator car is realized without contact and without wear, and the Traction ability of the drive cannot be impaired by dirt.
  • At least one electric motor or hydraulic motor driving a pinion and speed-controlled by means of a frequency converter is used as the primary part of the drive system for driving the construction phase elevator car, and at least one rack and pinion system fixed along the elevator shaft along the elevator shaft.
  • Such an embodiment of the method according to the invention has the advantage that, in the case of a rack and pinion drive, the driving force is transmitted in a form-fitting manner and a holding brake on the construction-phase elevator car is not absolutely necessary. In addition, relatively few driven pinions are required for the transmission of the entire driving force.
  • speed control by means of a frequency converter, in which the frequency converter acts either on the electric motor driving at least one pinion or on an electric motor that controls the speed of a hydraulic pump that feeds the hydraulic motor, the travel speed of the elevator car during the construction phase can be continuously controlled.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a construction phase elevator system 3.1, which is installed in an elevator shaft 1 of a building 2 in its construction phase, and a construction phase elevator car 4 includes, the usable lifting height is gradually adapted to an increasing elevator shaft height.
  • the construction phase elevator car 4 comprises a car frame 4.1 and a car body 4.2 mounted in the car frame.
  • the car frame has car guide shoes 4.1.1, over which the construction phase elevator car 4 is guided on guide rail strands 5.
  • These guide rail strands are extended upwards from time to time according to the construction progress above the construction phase elevator car and, after a final elevator shaft height has been reached, also serve to guide a final elevator car (not shown) of a final elevator system replacing the construction phase elevator car 4 .
  • the construction phase elevator car 4 is designed as a self-propelled elevator car and includes a drive system 7, which is preferably installed within the car frame 4.1.
  • the construction-phase elevator car 4 can be equipped with different drive systems, these drive systems each comprising a primary part attached to the construction-phase elevator car 4 and a secondary part attached along the route of the construction-phase elevator car.
  • the primary part of the drive system 7 is shown schematically by several friction wheels 8 driven by drive motors (not shown), which interact with the at least one guide rail track 5 forming the secondary part in order to move the construction-phase elevator car 4 up and down within its currently usable lifting height.
  • the drive motors driving the friction wheels 8 can preferably be present in the form of electric motors or in the form of hydraulic motors.
  • Electric motors are preferably powered by at least one frequency converter system to allow regulation of the speed of the electric motors. What is thereby achieved is that the travel speed of the construction phase elevator car 4 can be continuously regulated, so that any travel speed that lies between a minimum speed and a maximum speed can be controlled.
  • the minimum speed is used, for example, to control stopping positions or for manually controlled travel to lift assembly aids using the construction phase elevator car
  • the maximum speed is used, for example, to operate an elevator for construction workers and for users or residents of the floors that have already been built.
  • a corresponding control of the speed of hydraulic motors can be done either by being fed by a hydraulic pump preferably installed on the construction phase elevator car 4, the flow rate of which can be regulated electrohydraulically at a constant speed, or by being fed by a hydraulic pump which is driven by an electric motor that can be speed-controlled by means of frequency conversion.
  • the drive motors of the drive system 7 of the construction phase elevator car 4 can be controlled either by a conventional elevator control (not shown) or by means of a mobile manual control 10—preferably with wireless signal transmission.
  • the electric motors of the drive system of the construction phase elevator car 4 can be fed via a conductor line 11 routed along the elevator shaft 1 .
  • a frequency converter 13 arranged on the construction phase elevator car 4 can be supplied with alternating current via the conductor line 11 and corresponding sliding contacts 12, with the frequency converter feeding the electric motors driving the friction wheels 8 or at least one electric motor driving a hydraulic pump with variable speed.
  • a stationary AC-DC converter can feed direct current into such a conductor line, which is tapped on the construction phase elevator car by means of the sliding contacts and fed to the variable-speed electric motors of the drive system via at least one inverter with a controllable output frequency. If the friction wheels 8 are driven by hydraulic motors, which are fed by a hydraulic pump with a flow rate that can be regulated at a constant speed, no frequency conversion is required.
  • the construction phase elevator car 4 is equipped with a car door system 4.2.1 controlled by the elevator control system, which interacts with shaft doors 20, which in each case before an adjustment of the usable lifting height of the construction phase elevator car 4 be installed along the additional travel area in elevator shaft 1.
  • a mounting platform 22 is arranged above the currently usable lifting height of the construction phase elevator car 4, which assembly platform can be moved up and down along an upper section of the elevator shaft 1. From such a mounting platform 22 , the at least one guide rail run 5 is extended above the currently usable lifting height of the elevator car 4 during the construction phase, although other elevator components can also be installed in the elevator shaft 1 .
  • a first protective platform 25 is temporarily fixed in the uppermost area of the currently existing elevator shaft 1 .
  • this has the task of people and facilities in the elevator shaft 1 - in particular in the assembly platform mentioned 22 - to protect against objects that may fall during the construction work taking place on Building 2.
  • the first protective platform 25 can serve as a support element for a lifting device 24 with which the assembly platform 22 can be raised or lowered.
  • the first protective platform 25 with the assembly platform 22 suspended from it must be raised from time to time by means of a construction crane to a higher level corresponding to the construction progress in the currently uppermost area of the elevator shaft, where the first protective platform 25 is then temporarily fixed.
  • the self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4 and its drive system 7 are dimensioned such that at least the second protective platform 23 mentioned can be raised in the elevator shaft 1 by means of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4 after the first protective platform 25 was lifted by the construction crane with the assembly platform 22 hanging on this.
  • the car frame 4.1 of the construction phase elevator car 4 is designed with support elements 4.1.2, which are preferably provided with damping elements 4.1.3.
  • both the second protective platform 23 and the assembly platform 22 can be raised together by the construction phase elevator car 4 to a level desired for specific assembly work, fixed there temporarily in the elevator shaft 1 or by the construction phase elevator car be held temporarily. Since there is no lifting device for lifting the assembly platform 22 in this case, this embodiment assumes that the construction phase elevator car, in addition to its function of ensuring the mentioned elevator operation for construction workers and floor users, is used sufficiently frequently and for a sufficiently long time for the lifting and, if necessary, for the Holding the mounting platform 22 may be available.
  • FIG. 2 shows a construction phase elevator system 3.2, which differs from the construction phase elevator system 3.1 1 differs in that no construction crane is required is to raise the first protection platform 25 and the mounting platform 22.
  • the three components mentioned - first protective platform 25, assembly platform 22 and second protective platform 23 - are raised with the aid of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4, which is equipped with a correspondingly powerful drive system, after which the first protective platform 25 in fixed again at a higher position above the currently uppermost travel area of the construction phase elevator car.
  • At least one spacer element 26 is fixed between the assembly platform 22 and the first protective platform 25 in such a way that there is a specified distance between the first protective platform 25 and the assembly platform 22 before the three components are lifted.
  • the assembly platform 22 used to lengthen the at least one guide rail run 5 and to assemble further elevator components and the second protective platform 23 can be moved with the aid of the lifting device 24.
  • the lower end of the at least one spacer element 26 is advantageously fastened to the assembly platform 22, and when the assembly platform is moved by means of the lifting device 24 towards the first protective platform 25, the at least one spacer element 26 can be pushed through at least one opening 27 in the first protective platform 25, which is assigned to the at least one spacer element Protective platform 25 slide through.
  • the assembly platform 22 and the at least one spacer element 26 are lowered by means of the lifting device 24 to such an extent that the upper end of the spacer element is just inside the opening mentioned 27 is located in the first protective platform 25. Thereafter, the upward sliding of the at least one spacer element 26 through the first protective platform 25 is prevented by means of a blocking device - for example by means of a locking pin 28 - so that when the assembly platform 22 is raised again by the self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4, the first protective platform 25 with the intended distance to the mounting platform 22 is raised.
  • the second protective platform 23 and the assembly platform 22 can advantageously form a unit that can be raised by means of the self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4 by the in 1 shown second protection platform 23 to the in 2 assembly platform 22 shown is formed, from which assembly platform 22 at least the at least one guide rail strand 5 can be extended upwards.
  • the protective platform and assembly platform are not absolutely necessary.
  • FIG 3A shows a side view of a construction phase elevator car 4 suitable for use in the method according to the invention
  • FIG Figure 3B shows this construction phase elevator car in a front view.
  • the construction phase elevator car 4 comprises a car frame 4.1 with car guide shoes 4.1.1 and a car body 4.2 which is mounted in the car frame and is intended for accommodating passengers and objects 4.
  • the car frame 4.1 and thus also the car body 4.2 are guided via car guide shoes 4.1.1 on guide rail strands 5, which guide rail strands are preferably attached to walls of the elevator shaft and - as explained above - form the secondary part of the drive system 7.1 of the construction phase elevator car 4 and later for Serve guiding the final elevator car of a final elevator system.
  • the illustrated drive system 7.1 comprises a plurality of driven friction wheels 8 which interact with the guide rail strands 5 in order to move the self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4 along an elevator shaft of a building which is in its construction phase.
  • the friction wheels are arranged inside the car frame 4.1 of the construction phase elevator car 4 above and below the car body 4.2, with at least one friction wheel acting on each of the opposite guide surfaces 5.1 of the guide rail strands 5. If there is sufficient space for the drive motors between the cabin body and the cabin frame, the friction wheels can also be attached to the side of the cabin body.
  • each of the friction wheels 8 is driven by an associated electric motor 30.1, with the friction wheel and the associated electric motor preferably being arranged on the same axis (coaxially).
  • Each of the friction wheels 8 is rotatably mounted coaxially with the rotor of the associated electric motor 30.1 at one end of a pivoted lever 32.
  • the pivot lever 32 assigned to one of the friction wheels is pivoted at its other end on a pivot axis 33 fixed to the car frame 4.1 of the construction phase elevator car 4 in such a way that the center of the friction wheel 8 lies below the axis line of the pivot axis 33 of the pivot lever 32 when the friction wheel 8 is pressed against the guide surface 5.1 assigned to it of the at least one guide rail strand.
  • the pivoting lever 32 and the friction wheel 8 are arranged in such a way that a straight line extending from the pivot axis 33 to the point of contact between the friction wheel 8 and the guide surface 5.1 is preferably at an angle of 15° is inclined to 30 ° to a normal to the guide surface 5.1.
  • the pivoting lever 32 is loaded by a prestressed compression spring 34 in such a way that the friction wheel 8 mounted at the end of the pivoting lever is pressed with a minimum contact pressure against the guide surface 5.1 assigned to it.
  • An additional measure to prevent flattening of the plastic friction linings of the friction wheels 8 is that during each standstill of the construction phase elevator car 4, the friction wheels 8 are relieved by a pressure between the construction phase elevator car and the elevator shaft—preferably between the construction phase elevator car and the at least one guide rail track 5 - acting holding brake 37 is activated and the torque transmitted from the drive motors 30 to the friction wheels is at least reduced.
  • a brake used only for this purpose or a controllable safety brake can be used as a holding brake.
  • the electric motors 30.1 are fed via a frequency converter 13, which is controlled by an elevator control (not shown).
  • the diameters of the electric motors 30.1 are significantly larger than the diameters of the friction wheels 8 driven by the electric motors. This is necessary so that the electric motors can generate sufficiently high torques to drive the friction wheels. So that there is sufficient installation space for the electric motors 30.1 arranged on both sides of the guide rail track 5, relatively large vertical distances are required between the individual friction wheel arrangements. This has the consequence that the installation spaces for the drive system 7.1 and thus the entire Cab frame 4.1 are correspondingly high.
  • the Figures 4A and 4B show a self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4, which in the Figures 3A and 3B shown construction phase elevator car is very similar in function and appearance.
  • a drive system 7.2 with driven friction wheels 8 is shown, which enables the use of electric motors whose diameters correspond, for example, to three to four times the friction wheel diameter, without their vertical distance from one another having to be greater than the motor diameter. The height of the installation spaces for the drive system 7.2 can thus be minimized. This is achieved in that the electric motors 30.2 of the friction wheels 8 acting on one guide surface 5.1 of a guide rail run 5 are arranged offset by about one motor length in the axial direction of the electric motors in relation to the electric motors of the friction wheels acting on the other guide surface 5.1.
  • FIG. 5A and 5B is a self-propelled construction phase elevator car 4 shown in the Figures 3A, 3B and 4A, 4B is very similar in function and appearance to the construction phase elevator cars shown.
  • the height of the installation spaces for the drive system 7.3 and thus the overall height of the construction phase elevator car is reduced by the fact that smaller drive motors are used for the friction wheels 8 .
  • the vertical distances between the individual friction wheel arrangements are no longer determined by the installation spaces for the drive motors.
  • hydraulic motors 30.3 instead of electric motors to drive the friction wheels 8.
  • Hydraulic motors can therefore also be used to drive friction wheels with larger diameters, which allow a higher contact pressure and can therefore transmit a higher traction force.
  • Hydraulic drives require at least one hydraulic unit 36, which preferably includes an electrically driven hydraulic pump.
  • an electrically driven hydraulic pump For the supply of the friction wheels 8 speed variable driving hydraulic motors 30.3, for example, by a a hydraulic pump driven by an electric motor at a constant speed with an electro-hydraulically controllable delivery volume or a hydraulic pump with a constant delivery volume driven by an electric motor whose speed is controlled by a frequency converter.
  • the hydraulic motors are preferably operated in a hydraulic parallel connection. However, series connection is also possible.
  • the power supply to the hydraulic unit 36 is preferably via a conductor line, as is the case for the supply of electric motors in connection with the Figures 1 and 2 was explained.
  • the construction phase elevator car 4 according to the Figures 5A and 5B is locked during standstill by holding brakes 37 in the elevator shaft, the drive torques exerted by the hydraulic motors 30.3 on the friction wheels 8 being at least reduced.
  • FIG. 6 shows a part of a drive system 7.4 of this construction phase elevator car arranged below the car body 4.2 of a self-propelled construction phase elevator car. Shown is an arrangement of a group of several friction wheels 8.1-8.6 rotatably mounted on pivoting levers 32.1-32.6 and pressed by means of compression springs 34.1-34.6 on a guide rail track 5, which arrangement has already been described above in connection with the Figures 3A and 3B was explained.
  • each of the friction wheels 8.1 - 8.6 is driven individually by a drive motor assigned to the friction wheel, but the friction wheels 8.1 - 8.6 are driven by a common drive motor 30.4 assigned to the group of friction wheels via a gear train 38 with two counter-rotating drive sprockets 38.1, 38.2 and driven via a mechanical transmission in the form of a chain transmission arrangement 40.
  • a speed-controllable electric motor or a speed-controllable hydraulic motor for example, can be used as a common drive motor.
  • chain gear arrangement 40 other types of gears can also be used, for example belt gears, preferably toothed belt gears, toothed gears, bevel gears and shaft gears or combinations of such gears.
  • the part of the chain gear arrangement 40 shown on the left side of the drive system 7.4 comprises a first chain strand 40.1, which transmits the rotational movement from the drive chain wheel 38.1 of the gear mechanism 38 to a triple chain wheel 40.5 mounted on the fixed pivot axis of the top pivot lever 32.1. From this triple sprocket 40.5, the rotational movement is on the one hand by means of a second chain strand 40.2 to a chain wheel fixed on the axis of rotation of the friction wheel 8.1 and thus to the friction wheel 8.1. On the other hand, the rotational movement is transmitted from the triple chain wheel 40.5 by means of a third chain strand 40.3 to a triple chain wheel 40.6 arranged underneath and mounted on the fixed pivot axis of the central pivot lever 32.2.
  • the rotational movement is transmitted on the one hand by means of a fourth chain strand 40.4 to a chain wheel fixed on the axis of rotation of the friction wheel 8.2 and thus to the friction wheel 8.2.
  • the rotational movement is transmitted from the triple chain wheel 40.6 by means of a fifth chain strand 40.5 to a triple chain wheel 40.7 arranged underneath and mounted on the fixed pivot axis of the lowest pivot lever 32.3.
  • the rotational movement is transmitted by means of a sixth chain strand 40.6 to a chain wheel fixed on the axis of rotation of the lowest friction wheel 8.2 and thus to the friction wheel 8.2.
  • the part of the chain transmission arrangement 40 shown on the right-hand side of the drive system 7.4 is arranged essentially symmetrically to the part of the chain transmission 40 described above and shown on the left-hand side of the drive system 7 and has the same functions and effects.
  • This construction phase elevator car 54 comprises a car frame 54.1 and a car body 54.2 mounted in the car frame with a car door system 54.2.1.
  • the car frame 54.1 and thus also the car body 54.2 are guided via car guide shoes 54.1.1 on guide rail tracks 5, which guide rail tracks are preferably fastened to the walls of an elevator shaft.
  • At least one electric linear motor preferably a reluctance linear motor, serves as the drive system 57 for the construction phase elevator car 54, which linear motor has at least one primary part 57.1 attached to the car frame 54.1 and at least one secondary part 57.2, which extends along the route of the construction phase elevator car 54 and is fixed to the elevator shaft includes.
  • the construction phase elevator car 54 is equipped with a drive system 57, which comprises a reluctance linear motor on two sides of the construction phase elevator car 54, each with a primary part 57.1 and a secondary part 57.2.
  • a drive system 57 which comprises a reluctance linear motor on two sides of the construction phase elevator car 54, each with a primary part 57.1 and a secondary part 57.2.
  • Each primary part 57.1 contains rows of electrically controllable electromagnets which are arranged on two sides of the associated secondary part and are not shown here.
  • the secondary part 57.2 is a rail made of soft-magnetic Material which has protruding areas 57.2.1 at regular intervals on both sides facing the electromagnets of the primary part 57.1.
  • linear motors with a large number of permanent magnets arranged along the secondary part as opposite poles to the electromagnets controlled with changing current strength in the primary part.
  • reluctance linear motors can be implemented with the lowest costs.
  • Frequency converters are advantageously used to drive such electric linear motors.
  • Such a frequency converter 13 is in 7 attached below the cabin body 54.2 on the cabin frame 54.1.
  • a holding brake 37 acting between the construction phase elevator car 54 and the guide rail track 5 also arrests the construction phase elevator car in this embodiment 3 64 during its standstill, so that the linear motor of the drive system 17 does not have to be permanently activated and does not overheat to an impermissible extent.
  • This construction phase elevator car 64 comprises a car frame 64.1 and a car body 64.2 mounted in the car frame.
  • This cabin body is also equipped with a Car door system 24.2.1 provided, which interacts with landing doors on the floors of the building under construction.
  • the car frame 64.1 and thus also the car body 64.2 are guided via car guide shoes 64.1.1 on guide rail tracks 5, which guide rail tracks are preferably fastened to the walls of an elevator shaft.
  • a drive system 67 for the construction phase elevator car 64 is a rack and pinion system, which has at least one toothed pinion 67.1.1 driven by an electric motor or electric geared motor 67.1.2 as the primary part 67.1 and at least one as the secondary part 67.2 along the route of the construction phase includes a toothed rack 67.2.1 that extends into the elevator car 64 and is temporarily fixed in the elevator shaft during the construction phase of the building.
  • the construction phase elevator car 64 is equipped with a drive system 67, which comprises a toothed rack 67.2.1 fixed in the elevator shaft on two sides of the construction phase elevator car 64, each of the toothed racks having teeth on two opposite sides.
  • a total of four pairs of driven pinions 67.1.1 work together with the two toothed racks 67.2.1 in order to move the self-propelled construction phase elevator car 64 up and down in the elevator shaft.
  • Each of the four pairs of pinions 67.1.1 is preferably driven by an electric geared motor 67.1.2 installed in the cabin frame 64.1, which preferably has two output shafts 67.1.3 arranged next to one another and driven via a distribution gear.
  • Each of the two output shafts is connected via a torsionally flexible coupling 67.1.4 to a respective shaft of the assigned pinion 67.1.1, which is mounted in the cabin frame 64.1.
  • This embodiment allows the use of standard motors with sufficient power even when the axes of a pair of pinions are close together.
  • all of the pinions 67.1.1 can be driven by an electric motor or electric geared motor that is assigned to one of the pinions.
  • the use of asynchronous motors ensures that all pinions are driven with the same high torque at all times. It goes without saying that such a construction phase elevator car 64 can also be equipped with more than four pairs of pinions and associated drive devices. This may be necessary in particular if the construction phase elevator car has to lift assembly aids in addition to its own weight, as described above in the description of the Figures 1 and 2 is described.
  • FIG. 9 shows a vertical section through a final elevator system 70 created in the elevator shaft 1 according to the method according to the invention.
  • This includes an elevator car 70.1 and a counterweight 70.2, which are suspended from flexible suspension means 70.3 and are driven via this suspension means by a stationary drive machine 70.4 with a traction sheave 70.5.
  • the drive machine 70.4 is preferably installed in a machine room 70.8 arranged above the elevator shaft 1. After the elevator shaft 1 reached its final height, the construction phase self-propelled elevator car (4; 54; 64, Figures 1-7 ) has been dismantled.
  • Reference numeral 70.6 designates compensating traction means—for example compensating ropes or compensating chains—with which a final elevator installation 70 is preferably equipped.
  • Such compensating traction means 70.6 are preferably guided around a tension roller, which is not visible here and is arranged in the foot of the elevator shaft. However, they can also hang freely in the elevator shaft 1 between the elevator car 70.1 and the counterweight 70.2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé permettant d'ériger une installation d'ascenseur finale dans une cage d'ascenseur (1) d'un bâtiment (2), dans lequel procédé, pour la durée de la phase de construction du bâtiment, un système d'ascenseur en phase de construction (3.1; 3.2) est installé dans la cage d'ascenseur, laquelle augmente en hauteur avec la croissance de la hauteur du bâtiment, lequel système d'ascenseur en phase de construction comprend une cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64) automotrice, dont la hauteur de levage utile peut être adaptée à une hauteur de cage d'ascenseur croissante, au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) étant installé pour guider la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64) le long de son trajet dans la cage d'ascenseur (1), un système d'entraînement (7; 7.1-7.4; 57; 67) étant monté pour entraîner la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64), lequel comprend une partie primaire fixée à la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction et une partie secondaire fixée le long du trajet de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction, le tronçon de rail de guidage (5) et la partie secondaire du système d'entraînement (7; 7.1; 7.2; 7.3; 7.4; 57; 67) étant prolongés vers le haut progressivement pendant la phase de construction en fonction de la hauteur de cage d'ascenseur croissante, la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64) automotrice étant utilisée à la fois pour le transport de personnes et/ou de matériel pour la construction du bâtiment (2) et comme monte-personnes et monte-charge pour des étages déjà utilisés comme locaux d'habitation ou commerciaux pendant la phase de construction du bâtiment,
    caractérisé en ce que
    après que la cage d'ascenseur (1) a atteint sa hauteur finale, un système d'ascenseur final est installé dans la cage d'ascenseur (1) au lieu du système d'ascenseur en phase de construction (3.1; 3.2), lequel système d'ascenseur final est modifié par rapport au système d'ascenseur en phase de construction (3.1; 3.2) et dans lequel un système d'entraînement d'une cabine d'ascenseur est modifié par rapport au système d'entraînement (7; 7.1-7.4; 57; 67) de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    le système d'entraînement de la cabine d'ascenseur du système d'ascenseur final est basé sur un principe de fonctionnement différent de celui du système d'entraînement (7; 7.1-7.4; 57; 67) de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que
    une cabine d'ascenseur finale du système d'ascenseur final est guidée sur le même au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) sur lequel la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64) a été guidée.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que
    une plate-forme de montage (22) et/ou une plate-forme de protection (23) sont temporairement installées au-dessus d'une limite supérieure de trajet actuelle de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64), la plate-forme de montage (22) et/ou la plate-forme de protection (23) pouvant être élevées à un niveau de cage d'ascenseur supérieur au moyen de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4; 54; 64) automotrice lors du réglage de la hauteur de levage utile de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction à une hauteur de cage d'ascenseur croissante.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que
    la plate-forme de protection (23) pouvant être soulevée au moyen de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction automotrice est conçue comme une plate-forme de montage (22) à partir de laquelle au moins ledit au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) est prolongé vers le haut.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que
    la partie primaire du système d'entraînement (7; 7.1; 7.2; 7.3; 7.4) monté pour entraîner la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4) comprend plusieurs roues de friction (8) entraînées, la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4) étant entraînée par une coopération des roues de friction (8) entraînées avec la partie secondaire du système d'entraînement (7; 7.1; 7.2; 7.3; 7.4) fixée le long du trajet de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que
    l'au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) est utilisé comme partie secondaire du système d'entraînement (7; 7.1; 7.2; 7.3; 7.4) de la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4) automotrice.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que
    pour entraîner la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4), au moins deux roues de friction (8) entraînées chacune sont pressées contre chacune de deux surfaces de guidage (5.1) opposées de l'au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5), les roues de friction (8) agissant sur respectivement la même surface de guidage étant disposées espacées l'une de l'autre dans la direction du tronçon de rail de guidage.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 8, caractérisé en ce que
    au moins une des roues de friction (8) est montée rotative à une extrémité d'un levier de pivotement (32), lequel levier de pivotement est monté pivotant à son autre extrémité sur un axe de pivotement (33) fixé à la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4), l'axe de pivotement (33) du levier de pivotement (32) étant disposé de telle manière que le centre de la roue de friction (8) se trouve en dessous de l'axe de pivotement (33) lorsque la périphérie de la roue de friction est placée sur la surface de guidage (5.1) de l'au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) qui lui est associée, l'au moins une roue de friction (8) étant de préférence pressée contre une surface de guidage (5.1) de l'au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) à tout moment avec une force de pression minimale par l'action d'un élément de ressort (34).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que
    l'au moins une roue de friction (8) est entraînée par un moteur électrique (30.1; 30.2) associé exclusivement à ladite roue de friction ou par un moteur hydraulique (30.3) associé exclusivement à ladite roue de friction (8), l'au moins une roue de friction (8) et le moteur électrique (30.1; 30.2) associé ou le moteur hydraulique (30.3) associé étant de préférence disposés sur le même axe,
    de préférence dans un système d'entraînement (7.2) dans lequel au moins deux roues de friction (8) entraînées chacune sont pressées contre chacune de deux surfaces de guidage (5.1) opposées de l'au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) et chaque roue de friction (8) et son moteur électrique (30.2) associé sont disposés sur le même axe, les moteurs électriques (30.2) des roues de friction (8) agissant sur une surface de guidage (5.1) d'un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) étant disposés décalés d'environ une longueur d'un moteur électrique (30.2) par rapport aux moteurs électriques (30.2) des roues de friction (8) agissant sur l'autre surface de guidage (5.1) dans la direction axiale des roues de friction et des moteurs électriques.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que dans un système d'entraînement (7.4) d'une cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4), au moins un groupe de plusieurs roues de friction (8.1 - 8.6) est entraîné par un seul moteur électrique (30.4) associé au groupe ou par un seul moteur hydraulique associé au groupe, une transmission de couple étant effectuée du moteur électrique (30.4) ou du moteur hydraulique aux roues de friction (8.1 - 8.6) du groupe au moyen d'un engrenage mécanique (40), un engrenage à chaîne (40.1 - 40.6), un engrenage à courroie, un engrenage à roues dentées ou une combinaison desdits engrenages étant de préférence utilisé comme engrenage mécanique (40).
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que chacun des moteurs électriques (30.1; 30.2) entraînant au moins une roue de friction (8) et/ou un moteur électrique entraînant une pompe hydraulique, laquelle alimente au moins un moteur hydraulique (30.3) entraînant une roue de friction (8), sont alimentés par au moins un convertisseur de fréquence (13) commandé par un dispositif de commande du système d'ascenseur en phase de construction (3.1; 3.2).
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisé en ce que lorsque la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (4) automotrice est à l'arrêt, un frein de maintien (37) agissant entre la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction et l'au moins un tronçon de rail de guidage (5) est activé et dans au moins une roue de friction (8), le couple transmis par le moteur d'entraînement (30.1 - 30.3) associé à l'au moins une roue de friction (8) pour générer une force d'entraînement est au moins réduit.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que une partie primaire (57.1) d'un entraînement linéaire électrique est utilisée comme partie primaire du système d'entraînement (57) pour entraîner la cabine d'ascenseur en phase de construction (54) et une partie secondaire dudit entraînement linéaire électrique fixée le long de la cage d'ascenseur (57.2) est utilisée comme partie secondaire dudit système d'entraînement (57).
EP19728088.6A 2018-06-14 2019-06-06 Procédé de construction d'une installation d'ascenseur Active EP3807205B1 (fr)

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PL3807205T3 (pl) 2022-07-25
WO2019238530A1 (fr) 2019-12-19
KR20210020863A (ko) 2021-02-24
ZA202005229B (en) 2022-01-26
CA3092640A1 (fr) 2019-12-19
EP3807205A1 (fr) 2021-04-21
US11939187B2 (en) 2024-03-26
BR112020018020A2 (pt) 2020-12-22
AU2019284944A1 (en) 2020-12-24
US20210206602A1 (en) 2021-07-08
CN112188990A (zh) 2021-01-05
CN112188990B (zh) 2022-08-23

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