EP3741007A1 - Antennenelement und antennenarray - Google Patents
Antennenelement und antennenarrayInfo
- Publication number
- EP3741007A1 EP3741007A1 EP18808307.5A EP18808307A EP3741007A1 EP 3741007 A1 EP3741007 A1 EP 3741007A1 EP 18808307 A EP18808307 A EP 18808307A EP 3741007 A1 EP3741007 A1 EP 3741007A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radiating elements
- antenna element
- feed line
- elements
- antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/12—Resonant antennas
- H01Q11/14—Resonant antennas with parts bent, folded, shaped or screened or with phasing impedances, to obtain desired phase relation of radiation from selected sections of the antenna or to obtain desired polarisation effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna element and an antenna array.
- Radar devices allow accurate determination of relative velocities of objects as well as the use of suitable modulation methods, in addition to distances or angular positions of the objects. That's why
- a metal surface which has a length of about half the wavelength of the radar radiation, serves as a resonator.
- the radiating element may be a single patch.
- a better focusing of the radar beams is required, i. H. an improved directivity with narrower lobes.
- Panel antennas therefore combine multiple patches. In such an antenna array, all patches are coupled to a common source which feeds electrical power into the patches. The coupling can be done in parallel or serially by means of a power division network.
- US 2007/0279303 A1 discloses an antenna structure for such serially fed antenna elements.
- the antenna elements or antennas are designed such that the main lobe or main emission direction of the radar radiation emitted is perpendicular to the substrate.
- phased array antennas One well known mechanism for achieving strong directivity is phased array antennas. These are phased array antennas having a plurality of individual beams arranged in a matrix, wherein a phase angle of the individual radiators is adaptable. By suitable control, the transmission energy can be amplified in the desired direction by constructive interference and reduced in unwanted directions by destructive interference or extinguished.
- phased array antennas require relatively expensive mechanisms for
- the invention provides an antenna element having the features of claim 1 and an antenna array having the features of claim 10.
- the invention relates to an antenna element with a feed line for feeding in electrical line.
- the antenna element further comprises a first plurality of radiating elements, which on a first side of the Feeder are arranged.
- the antenna element has a second plurality of radiation elements, which are arranged on a second side of the feed line.
- the radiating elements are coupled in series with the feed line and are fed by the feed line with electrical power.
- Radiating elements are further adapted to emit electrical radiation.
- the first plurality of radiating elements differs from the second plurality of radiating elements in a distribution of spatial dimensions of the radiating elements
- the invention relates to an antenna array having a multiplicity of jointly-fed antenna elements.
- a desired directivity can already be achieved for a single antenna element.
- the constructive and destructive interference of the transmitted radar waves Since the radiating elements are distributed differently on the two sides of the feed line, the result is a total of a main lobe, which deviates from the vertical direction of the substrate.
- a high-sensitivity antenna can be provided.
- the antenna element is characterized by a compact design, as additional
- Phase splitter can be dispensed with. This is particularly advantageous in the automotive sector, where the available space areas must be optimally utilized.
- Spatial dimensions can be understood to mean a width and a length of the corresponding radiating element for rectangular patches or radiating elements.
- the spatial dimensions can be understood, for example, to mean the diameters or areas of the radiating elements.
- a distribution of the spatial dimensions is to be understood as the sequence of the dimensions along the feed line.
- Various distributions thus preferably means that the radiating elements are arranged not only offset from one another on the two sides of the feed line, but rather at least at one point, the sequences of distances or dimensions of the radiating elements on one side with corresponding sequences of the distances or dimensions of the radiating elements the other side can be reconciled.
- the antenna element is preferably a panel antenna which is arranged flat on a substrate.
- Angular range can be achieved.
- Distributions of dimensions and / or distances a Dolph-Chebyshev distribution, a uniform distribution and / or a binomial distribution.
- the radiating elements of the first plurality and / or the second plurality of radiating elements are formed as slotted patches.
- the radiating elements can also be coupled to the feed line by means of capacitive couplings and / or slot couplings.
- the antenna element is designed as a dipole antenna element.
- the feed line and / or the radiating elements are designed as strip elements.
- Antenna element may thus be in particular a strip conductor antenna element.
- the first plurality of radiation elements is arranged offset relative to the second plurality of radiation elements along the feed line.
- the distances between the radiating elements may be constant on both sides or have the same distribution, while the distributions of the dimensions differ.
- the dimensions of the radiating elements can be constant on both sides or have the same distribution, while the distributions of the distances between successive antenna elements for the two sides, i. H. for the first variety of
- Radiating elements and the second plurality of radiating elements different.
- At least one emission element of the first plurality of emission elements differs from all emission elements of the second plurality of emission elements in width and / or distance to an adjacent emission element of the first plurality of emission elements.
- the antenna element According to a preferred development of the antenna element, the
- Abstrahlmaximum of the emitted electromagnetic radiation occurs at a deviating from a vertical direction of radiation.
- Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an antenna element according to a
- FIG. 2 shows an illustration of the radiation power as a function of the emission angle for the antenna element shown in FIG. 1;
- Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of an antenna element according to another embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of an antenna array according to a
- FIG. 5 shows an illustration of the radiation power as a function of the emission angle for the antenna array shown in FIG.
- the same or the same function elements and devices are provided with the same reference numerals.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary antenna element 1 a.
- the antenna element 1a is configured as a panel antenna element, which is formed on a substrate (not shown).
- the antenna element 1 a can be configured as a radar transmitting device or as a radar receiver device.
- the antenna element la can also be an element of an antenna array.
- the antenna element 1 a has a rectilinear feed line 2, which is designed as a strip line.
- the invention is not limited thereto.
- the feed line 2 does not necessarily have to be rectilinear.
- the flat-shaped feed line 2 has radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46, which are arranged on a first or left side of the feed line 2 and a second or right side of the feed line 2.
- the radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 are configured as patches, which are connected or coupled directly to the feed line 2.
- the invention is not limited to such a configuration.
- the radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 can be coupled to the feed line via coupling elements, such as strip elements connected to the feed line 2.
- the radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 may also be connected via capacitive couplings and / or slot couplings to the
- Infeed 2 be coupled.
- the radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 are thereby excited to emit electromagnetic waves and preferably radar radiation.
- the antenna element 1 a can be configured to emit radar waves in the gigahertz range, in particular for operation in the 77-gigahertz frequency band, which is widespread in the automotive sector.
- the radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 can be in a first plurality 3 of radiating elements 31 to 36 on the left and first side of the feed line 2 and in a second plurality 4 of radiating elements 41 to 46 on the right and second side of the Divide infeed line 2.
- the first plurality 3 of radiation elements 31 to 36 and the second plurality 4 of radiation elements 41 to 46 are each serially coupled to the feed line 2.
- the first plurality 3 of radiating elements 31 to 36 differs in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 from the second plurality 4 of radiating elements 41 to 46 in the distribution of the widths of the radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46.
- Both the radiating elements 31 to 36 of first plurality 3 of radiating elements 31 to 36 and the radiating elements 41 to 46 of the second plurality 4 of radiating elements 41 to 46 are formed rectangular and each have an identical length z, which is measured orthogonal to the feed line 2.
- the distances x between successive radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 are respectively identical.
- the distances x preferably correspond to the wavelength of the emitted
- Radiating elements 31 to 36 are each fixed.
- the widths D are parallel to Feed line 2 measured.
- the first plurality 3 of radiating elements 31 to 36 thus has a uniform distribution of the widths.
- the widths D1 to D6 of the radiating elements 41 to 46 of the second plurality 4 of radiating elements 41 to 46 follow a Dolph-Chebysheft distribution.
- the ratio of the widths D1 to D6 thus corresponds to the ratio of Chebyshev polynomials.
- the widths D1 to D6 may follow any other distribution, such as a binomial distribution. By selecting suitable distributions, the emission characteristic of the antenna element 1a can be adjusted.
- the lengths z of the radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 may vary.
- the distribution of the lengths z of the first plurality 3 of the radiating elements 31 to 36 differs from the distribution of the lengths z of the second plurality 4 of the radiating elements 41 to 46.
- the distances x between successive radiating elements 31 to 36 and 41 to 46 may vary.
- the distribution of the distances x of the first plurality 3 of the emission elements 31 to 36 preferably differs from the distribution of the distances x of the second plurality 4 of the emission elements 41 to 46.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a radiation power of the antenna element 1 a shown in FIG. 1 as a function of an azimuth angle Q. As can be seen, the
- the antenna element 1 a is particularly well suited for applications in the automotive sector, for example in the front or rear edge or corner area.
- a main emission direction can be achieved at an azimuth angle of approximately 25 degrees.
- Radiation pattern can be achieved, the radiation direction and the radiation power in a band range of about 3 gigahertz remain substantially constant.
- a high emission power can be achieved in a wide angle range of about 90 degrees width.
- Next can be a good one Side lobe levels are achieved in the elevation plane, wherein in a band width of 3 gigahertz width by a frequency of 76.5 gigahertz substantially no change in the main emission direction occurs.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an antenna element 1b according to a further embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna element 1b has a first plurality 8 of FIG. 3
- Radiating elements 81 to 84 wherein the widths vl to v4 of the radiating elements 81 to 84 follow a binomial distribution.
- the radiating elements 81 to 84 are each designed as slotted radiating elements.
- the antenna element 1b further comprises a second plurality 9 of radiating elements 91 to 95, the widths ul to u5 following a Dolph-Chebysian ff distribution.
- the distances x between successive radiating elements 81 to 84 and 91 to 95 are each constant.
- the radiating elements of the first plurality 8 and second plurality 9 are slightly staggered due to the different widths to adjust the phase accordingly.
- the width of the radiating elements in each case increases to the edge of
- FIG. 4 illustrates an antenna array 7.
- the antenna array has six
- Antenna elements lc which in each case a first plurality 5 of radiating elements 51 to 56 with binomially distributed widths dl to d6 and a second plurality 6 of
- the antenna elements 1c are connected in pairs via first to sixth strip lines 21 to 26 to seventh and eighth strip lines 27, 28, which are coupled to a ninth strip line 29. Via the ninth strip line 29, electrical energy can be coupled into the respective strip lines 2 of the individual antenna elements 1c. Over different selected lengths of the first to sixth strip lines 21 to 26 can phase differences between the individual Can be achieved antenna elements lc and thereby a suitable
- Antenna elements are used with unevenly distributed radiating elements, in particular the antenna elements shown in Figures 1 and 3 la, lb.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the emission power of the antenna array 7 shown in FIG. 4 as a function of the azimuth angle Q.
- the emission characteristic has a maximum at a value of -45 degrees.
- the achievable maximum is also significantly more pronounced than would be the case with the use of antenna elements with uniformly distributed radiating elements.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018200758.6A DE102018200758A1 (de) | 2018-01-18 | 2018-01-18 | Antennenelement und Antennenarray |
| PCT/EP2018/082296 WO2019141412A1 (de) | 2018-01-18 | 2018-11-22 | Antennenelement und antennenarray |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3741007A1 true EP3741007A1 (de) | 2020-11-25 |
| EP3741007B1 EP3741007B1 (de) | 2023-02-15 |
Family
ID=64477148
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18808307.5A Active EP3741007B1 (de) | 2018-01-18 | 2018-11-22 | Antennenelement und antennenarray |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11476589B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3741007B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7022218B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR102528126B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN111615776B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018200758A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019141412A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018200758A1 (de) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Antennenelement und Antennenarray |
| WO2021049102A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-18 | ソニー株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
| WO2021079757A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-29 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
| WO2021184251A1 (zh) | 2020-03-18 | 2021-09-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | 天线结构、雷达和终端 |
| KR102693697B1 (ko) * | 2020-04-07 | 2024-08-08 | 후아웨이 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 중심 급전 안테나 어레이를 가지는 마이크로스트립 안테나 디바이스 |
| TWI741722B (zh) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 明泰科技股份有限公司 | 交錯式陣列天線 |
| DE102020211444A1 (de) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Antennenstruktur für einen Radarsensor |
| EP4210170A4 (de) | 2020-09-18 | 2023-10-25 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Antennenvorrichtung, verfahren zur herstellung einer antennenvorrichtung sowie radar und endgerät |
| CN114336003B (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-01-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种天线及其制备方法、毫米波传感器和终端 |
| TWI749987B (zh) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-12-11 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | 天線結構及陣列天線模組 |
| KR20220100367A (ko) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 커패시티브 결합 콤라인 마이크로스트립 배열 안테나 및 그 제조방법 |
| TWI765755B (zh) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-05-21 | 啟碁科技股份有限公司 | 天線模組與無線收發裝置 |
| CN118435462A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-08-02 | 株式会社友华 | 贴片天线以及天线装置 |
| CN114709602B (zh) * | 2022-04-07 | 2024-06-18 | 深圳市道通科技股份有限公司 | 一种天线及通讯设备 |
| CN115425405A (zh) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-02 | 加特兰微电子科技(上海)有限公司 | 天线、辐射结构、雷达系统和电子设备 |
| CN116722349B (zh) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-10-24 | 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 | 天线结构及雷达设备 |
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| CA1133120A (en) * | 1978-05-22 | 1982-10-05 | Peter S. Hall | Stripline antennae with phase-shifting slotted strip |
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| CN205248443U (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-05-18 | 珠海加中通科技有限公司 | 一种可变定向波束双阵列合成微带阵列天线 |
| SG11201708903SA (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-11-29 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co | Production method for copper-clad laminate plate |
| TWI628858B (zh) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-07-01 | 中華電信股份有限公司 | 電子切換波束方向陣列天線 |
| DE102018200758A1 (de) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Antennenelement und Antennenarray |
| US11333798B2 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2022-05-17 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Compound metaoptics for amplitude and phase control of wavefronts |
| TWI747457B (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-11-21 | 智易科技股份有限公司 | 用於抑制旁波瓣的增益的天線 |
-
2018
- 2018-01-18 DE DE102018200758.6A patent/DE102018200758A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-11-22 US US16/766,770 patent/US11476589B2/en active Active
- 2018-11-22 WO PCT/EP2018/082296 patent/WO2019141412A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-11-22 EP EP18808307.5A patent/EP3741007B1/de active Active
- 2018-11-22 CN CN201880086873.5A patent/CN111615776B/zh active Active
- 2018-11-22 KR KR1020207023387A patent/KR102528126B1/ko active Active
- 2018-11-22 JP JP2020539805A patent/JP7022218B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102528126B1 (ko) | 2023-05-03 |
| US20210005978A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
| WO2019141412A1 (de) | 2019-07-25 |
| CN111615776A (zh) | 2020-09-01 |
| DE102018200758A1 (de) | 2019-07-18 |
| EP3741007B1 (de) | 2023-02-15 |
| US11476589B2 (en) | 2022-10-18 |
| JP7022218B2 (ja) | 2022-02-17 |
| KR20200103842A (ko) | 2020-09-02 |
| CN111615776B (zh) | 2023-12-15 |
| JP2021510986A (ja) | 2021-04-30 |
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