EP3546753A1 - Compresseur à volute - Google Patents

Compresseur à volute Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3546753A1
EP3546753A1 EP17873176.6A EP17873176A EP3546753A1 EP 3546753 A1 EP3546753 A1 EP 3546753A1 EP 17873176 A EP17873176 A EP 17873176A EP 3546753 A1 EP3546753 A1 EP 3546753A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compression chamber
pressure
injection port
refrigerant
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17873176.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3546753B1 (fr
EP3546753A4 (fr
Inventor
Hiroaki Nakai
Atsushi Sakuda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Publication of EP3546753A1 publication Critical patent/EP3546753A1/fr
Publication of EP3546753A4 publication Critical patent/EP3546753A4/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F04C18/0223—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving with symmetrical double wraps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0246—Details concerning the involute wraps or their base, e.g. geometry
    • F04C18/0253—Details concerning the base
    • F04C18/0261—Details of the ports, e.g. location, number, geometry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F04C28/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/28—Safety arrangements; Monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0007—Injection of a fluid in the working chamber for sealing, cooling and lubricating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/12—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a scroll compressor particularly used for a refrigeration machine such as an air conditioner, a water heater, and a refrigera tor.
  • a compressor In a refrigeration apparatus and an air conditioner, a compressor is used which sucks a gas refrigerant evaporated by an evaporator, compresses the gas refrigerant to a pressure required for condensation by a condenser, and sends high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant to a refrigerant circuit.
  • a scroll compressor is provided with two expansion valves between the condenser and the evaporator and injects an intermediate-pressure refrigerant flowing between the two expansion valves to a compression chamber during a compression process, thereby aiming to reduce power consumption and improve capacity of a refrigeration cycle.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the condenser is increased by the amount of the injected refrigerant.
  • heating capacitor is improved.
  • a coefficient of performance (COP) can be improved and power consumption can be reduced, as compared to a case where the same function is provided without injection.
  • the amount of the refrigerant flowing in the condenser is equal to a sum of the amount of the refrigerant flowing in the evaporator and the amount of the injected refrigerant, and a ratio of the amount of the injected refrigerant to the amount of the refrigerant flowing in the condenser is an injection rate.
  • the injection rate may increase.
  • the refrigerant is injected due to a pressure difference between the pressure of the injected refrigerant and the internal pressure of a compression chamber.
  • it is necessary to increase the pressure of the injected refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant is preferentially extracted from a gas-liquid separator and is fed.
  • the mixture is introduced from the injection pipe.
  • the compression chamber having many sliding parts in order to keep a sliding state good, an appropriate amount of oil is fed and is compressed together with the refrigerant.
  • the liquid refrigerant is mixed, the oil in the compression chamber is washed by the liquid refrigerant.
  • the sliding state deteriorates, components are worn or burned.
  • the intermediate pressure is controlled by adjusting an opening degree of the expansion valves respectively provided upstream or downstream of the gas-liquid separator, and an injected refrigerant is fed into the compression chamber by a pressure difference between the intermediate pressure and the internal pressure of the compression chamber in the compressor to which the injection pipe is finally connected. Therefore, when the intermediate pressure is adjusted high, the injection rate increases. Meanwhile, the higher the intermediate pressure, the smaller a gas-phase component ratio of the refrigerant flowing from the condenser via the upstream expansion valve to the gas-liquid separator. Thus, when the intermediate pressure excessively increases, the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator increases, and the liquid refrigerant flows into the injection pipe, resulting in a decrease in heating capacity and a decrease in reliability of the compressor.
  • a symmetric scroll compressor in which compression chambers having the same volume are formed at the same timing outside and inside a wrap of the orbiting scroll has a feature in which mechanical balance is excellent in a low vibration state due to symmetry of the compression chambers.
  • the scroll compressor has been used for various fields such as air conditioning.
  • the scroll compressor in the scroll compressor according to the related art, opening ranges of the injection port and the bypass port are disclosed (see, for example, PTL 1). Accordingly, the scroll compressor is provided which can cope with various operation modes including the injection with high performance.
  • a compression start timing of a first compression chamber formed outside a wrap of the orbiting scroll and a compression start timing of a second compression chamber formed inside the wrap of the orbiting scroll are equal to each other.
  • the present invention relates to a scroll compressor that can prevent an excessive compression operation due to a difference between injection amounts occurring in a symmetric scroll compressor, can cope with the operation even at a higher injection rate to maximize an original effect of an injection cycle, and can expand a capacity improvement amount.
  • the scroll compressor according to the present invention includes a fixed scroll including a first spiral wrap standing up from a first end plate of the fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll including a second spiral wrap standing up from a second end plate of the orbiting scroll, wherein the first spiral wrap of the fixed scroll is engaged with the second spiral wrap of the orbiting scroll to define a compression chamber between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll.
  • the compression chamber includes a first compression chamber on an outer wall side of the second spiral wrap of the orbiting scroll and a second compression chamber on an inner wall side of the second spiral wrap of the orbiting scroll, the suction volume of the first compression chamber is substantially equal to the suction volume of the second compression chamber.
  • the first end plate of the fixed scroll includes a central portion having a discharge port through which a refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber is discharged.
  • the scroll compressor further comprises a discharge bypass port through which the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber is discharged before the compression chamber communicates with the discharge port is provided.
  • the scroll compressor comprises at least one injection port through which an intermediate-pressure refrigerant is injected into the first compression chamber, the at least one injection port penetrating the first end plate of the fixed scroll at a position where the injection port is open to the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber during a compression stroke after a suction refrigerant is introduced and closed.
  • the scroll compressor comprises the discharge bypass port is disposed such that a volume ratio is smaller in one compression chamber of the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber, which has the large amount of the refrigerant injected from the injection port, than in the other compression chamber, the volume ratio of the suction volume to the discharge volume of the compression chamber at which the refrigerant in the compression chamber can be discharged.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle including the scroll compressor according to the first embodiment.
  • a refrigeration cycle device including the scroll compressor includes compressor 91 that is the scroll compressor, condenser 92, evaporator 93, expansion valves 94a and 94b, injection pipe 95, and gas-liquid separator 96.
  • a refrigerant which is a working fluid condensed by condenser 92, is depressurized to an intermediate pressure by expansion valve 94a on an upstream side, and gas-liquid separator 96 separates the refrigerant at the intermediate pressure into a gas-phase component (a gas refrigerant) and a liquid-phase component (a liquid refrigerant).
  • the liquid refrigerant depressurized to the intermediate pressure further passes through expansion valve 94b, becomes a low-pressure refrigerant, and is guided to evaporator 93.
  • the liquid refrigerant sent to evaporator 93 is evaporated by heat exchange and is discharged as the gas refrigerant or the gas refrigerant partially mixed with the liquid refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant discharged from evaporator 93 is incorporated in the compression chamber of compressor 91.
  • gas refrigerant separated by gas-liquid separator 96 and being at an intermediate pressure passes through injection pipe 95 and is guided to the compression chamber in compressor 91.
  • a closure valve or an expansion valve may be provided in injection pipe 95 and may be configured to adjust and stop the injection pressure.
  • Compressor 91 compresses a low-pressure refrigerant flowing from evaporator 93, injects the refrigerant in gas-liquid separator 96 at an intermediate pressure to the compression chamber in a compression process to compress the refrigerant, and sends the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant from a discharge tube to condenser 92.
  • the amount of the refrigerant sucked through injection pipe 95 by compressor 91 increases as the intermediate pressure increases.
  • the gas refrigerant in gas-liquid separator 96 is depleted, and the liquid refrigerant flows to injection pipe 95.
  • the gas refrigerant separated by gas-liquid separator 96 is sucked from injection pipe 95 to compressor 91.
  • the liquid refrigerant flows from injection pipe 95 to compressor 91.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the scroll compressor according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 4 .
  • compressor 91 includes compression mechanism 2, motor unit 3, and oil reservoir 20 inside sealed container 1.
  • Compression mechanism 2 includes main bearing member 11 fixed to sealed container 1 through welding or shrink fitting, fixed scroll (a compression chamber partitioning member) 12 fixed to main bearing member 11 through a bolt, and orbiting scroll 13 engaged with fixed scroll 12.
  • Shaft 4 is pivotally supported by main bearing member 11.
  • Rotation restraining mechanism 14 such as an Oldham ring, which prevents rotation of orbiting scroll 13 and guides orbiting scroll 13 to perform a circular orbiting movement, is provided between orbiting scroll 13 and main bearing member 11.
  • Orbiting scroll 13 is eccentrically driven by eccentric shaft portion 4a at an upper end of shaft 4 and circularly orbits by rotation restraining mechanism 14.
  • Compression chamber 15 is formed between fixed scroll 12 and orbiting scroll 13.
  • Suction pipe 16 penetrates sealed container 1 to the outside, and suction port 17 is provided at an outer circumferential portion of fixed scroll 12.
  • the working fluid (the refrigerant) sucked from suction pipe 16 is guided from suction port 17 to compression chamber 15.
  • Compression chamber 15 moves from an outer circumferential side to a central portion while the volume thereof is reduced.
  • the working fluid that reaches a predetermined pressure in compression chamber 15 is discharged from discharge port 18 provided at a central portion of fixed scroll 12 to discharge chamber 31.
  • Discharge reed valve 19 is provided in discharge port 18.
  • the working fluid that reaches the predetermined pressure in compression chamber 15 pushes and opens discharge reed valve 19 to be discharged to discharge chamber 31.
  • the working fluid discharged to discharge chamber 31 is discharged to the outside of sealed container 1.
  • the working fluid at the intermediate pressure guided from injection pipe 95, flows to intermediate pressure chamber 41, opens check valve 42 provided in injection port 43, is injected into compression chamber 15 after working fluid is enclosed, and is discharged from discharge port 18 into sealed container 1 together with the working fluid sucked from suction port 17.
  • Pump 25 is provided at a lower end of shaft 4. Pump 25 is disposed such that a suction port thereof exists in oil reservoir 20.
  • Pump 25 is driven by shaft 4 and can certainly pump up oil 6 in oil reservoir 20 provided at a bottom portion of sealed container 1 regardless of a pressure condition and an operation speed. Thus, a concern about shortage of oil 6 is alleviated. Oil 6 pumped up by pump 25 is supplied to compression mechanism 2 through oil supplying hole 26 formed in shaft 4. Before and after oil 6 is pumped up by pump 25, when foreign substances are removed from oil 6 by an oil filter or the like, the foreign substances can be prevented from being introduced into compression mechanism 2, and reliability can be further improved.
  • the pressure of oil 6 guided to compression mechanism 2 is substantially the same as a discharge pressure of the scroll compressor and serves as a back pressure source for orbiting scroll 13. Accordingly, orbiting scroll 13 stably exhibits a predetermined compression function without being separated from or colliding with fixed scroll 12.
  • ring-shaped sealing member 78 is disposed on rear surface 13e of an end plate of orbiting scroll 13.
  • High-pressure area 30 is formed inside sealing member 78, and back-pressure chamber 29 is formed outside sealing member 78.
  • Back-pressure chamber 29 is set to a pressure between a high pressure and a low pressure. Since high-pressure area 30 and back-pressure chamber 29 can be separated from each other using sealing member 78, application of the pressure from rear surface 13e of orbiting scroll 13 can be stably controlled.
  • compression chamber 15 having fixed scroll 12 and orbiting scroll 13 includes first compression chamber 15a formed on an outer wall side of a wrap of orbiting scroll 13 and second compression chamber 15b formed on an inner wall side of the wrap.
  • Connection passage 55 from high-pressure area 30 to back-pressure chamber 29 and supply passage 56 from back-pressure chamber 29 to second compression chamber 15b are provided as an oil supplying passage from oil reservoir 20 illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • oil 6 can be supplied to a sliding portion of rotation restraining mechanism 14 and a thrust sliding portion of fixed scroll 12 and orbiting scroll 13.
  • connection passage 55 is formed on rear surface 13e of orbiting scroll 13 and travels between the inside and the outside of sealing member 78, and the other second opening end 55b is always open to high-pressure area 30. Accordingly, intermittent oil supplying can be realized.
  • a part of oil 6 enters a fitting portion between eccentric shaft portion 4a and orbiting scroll 13 and bearing portion 66 between shaft 4 and main bearing member 11 so as to obtain an escape area by supply pressure or self weight, falls after lubricating each component, and returns to oil reservoir 20.
  • the oil supplying passage to compression chamber 15 is configured with passage 13a formed inside orbiting scroll 13 and recess 12a formed in a wrap side end plate of fixed scroll 12.
  • Third opening end 56a of passage 13a is formed at wrap tip end 13c and is periodically opened to recess 12a according to the orbiting movement.
  • fourth opening end 56b of passage 13a is always open to back-pressure chamber 29. Accordingly, back-pressure chamber 29 and second compression chamber 15b can intermittently communicate with each other.
  • Injection port 43 for injecting the refrigerant at the intermediate pressure is provided to penetrate the end plate of fixed scroll 12. Injection port 43 is sequentially open to first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b. Injection port 43 is provided at a position where injection port 43 is open during a compression process after the refrigerant is introduced into and closed in first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b.
  • Discharge bypass port 21 through which the refrigerant compressed in compression chamber 15 is discharged before discharge bypass port 21 communicates with discharge port 18 is provided in the end plate of fixed scroll 12.
  • compressor 91 As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 , compressor 91 according to the present embodiment is provided with intermediate pressure chamber 41 that guides an intermediate pressure working fluid fed from injection pipe 95 and before being injected into compression chamber 15.
  • Intermediate pressure chamber 41 is formed with fixed scroll 12 that is a compression chamber partitioning member, intermediate pressure plate 44, and intermediate pressure cover 45. Intermediate pressure chamber 41 and compression chamber 15 face each other with fixed scroll 12 interposed therebetween. Intermediate pressure chamber 41 has intermediate pressure chamber inlet 41a into which the intermediate pressure working fluid flows and liquid reservoir 41b formed at a position lower than intermediate pressure chamber inlet 41a and injection port inlet 43a of injection port 43 through which the intermediate pressure working fluid is injected into compression chamber 15.
  • Liquid reservoir 41b is formed on an upper surface of the end plate of fixed scroll 12.
  • Intermediate pressure plate 44 is provided with check valve 42 that prevents backflow of the refrigerant from compression chamber 15 to intermediate pressure chamber 41.
  • check valve 42 In a section in which injection port 43 is open to compression chamber 15, when the internal pressure of compression chamber 15 is higher than the intermediate pressure of injection port 43, the refrigerant flows backward from compression chamber 15 to intermediate pressure chamber 41. Thus, check valve 42 is provided to prevent the backflow of the refrigerant.
  • check valve 42 is configured with reed valve 42a lifted to compression chamber 15 side and causing compression chamber 15 and intermediate pressure chamber 41 to communicate with each other.
  • Check valve 42 causes compression chamber 15 and intermediate pressure chamber 41 to communicate with each other only when the internal pressure of compression chamber 15 is lower than the pressure of intermediate pressure chamber 41.
  • reed valve 42a By using reed valve 42a, the number of sliding portions in a movable portion becomes small, sealing performance can be maintained for a long time, and a flow passage area can be easily enlarged as needed.
  • check valve 42 is not provided or check valve 42 is provided in injection pipe 95, the refrigerant in compression chamber 15 flows backward to injection pipe 95, and unnecessary compression power is consumed.
  • Check valve 42 according to the present embodiment is provided in intermediate pressure plate 44 close to compression chamber 15 to suppress the backflow from compression chamber 15.
  • the upper surface of the end plate of fixed scroll 12 is located closer to intermediate pressure chamber inlet 41a, and the upper surface of the end plate of fixed scroll 12 is provided with liquid reservoir 41b in which the working fluid in a liquid-phase component is collected. Further, injection port inlet 43a is provided at a position higher than the height of intermediate pressure chamber inlet 41a. Thus, among the intermediate pressure working fluid, the working fluid in a gas-phase component is guided to injection port 43. Since the working fluid in the liquid-phase component collected in liquid reservoir 41b is evaporated in the surface of fixed scroll 12 in a high-temperature state, it is difficult for the working fluid in the liquid-phase component to flow into compression chamber 15.
  • intermediate pressure chamber 41 and discharge chamber 31 are provided adjacent to each other through intermediate pressure plate 44. It is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant of discharge chamber 31 while evaporation when the working fluid in the liquid-phase component flows into intermediate pressure chamber 41 is promoted. Thus, operation can be performed even in a high discharge pressure condition by that degree.
  • the intermediate pressure working fluid guided to injection port 43 pushes and opens reed valve 42a by a pressure difference between injection port 43 and compression chamber 15 and is joined to a low-pressure working fluid sucked by suction port 17 in compression chamber 15.
  • the intermediate pressure working fluid remaining in injection port 43 between check valve 42 and compression chamber 15 is repeatedly expanded and compressed again, which causes a decrease in efficiency of compressor 91.
  • the thickness of valve stop 42b (see FIG. 5 ) for regulating a maximum displacement of reed valve 42a is changed according to the lift regulation point of reed valve 42a, and the volume of injection port 43 downstream of reed valve 42a is small.
  • reed valve 42a and valve stop 42b illustrated in FIG. 5 are fixed to intermediate pressure plate 44 through fixing member 46 having a bolt.
  • a fixing hole of fixing member 46 provided in valve stop 42b is opened only to the insertion side of fixing member 46 without penetrating valve stop 42b.
  • fixing member 46 is configured to be open only in intermediate pressure chamber 41.
  • Intermediate pressure chamber 41 illustrated in FIG. 3 has a suction volume that is equal to or more than a suction volume of compression chamber 15 to be able to perform sufficient supplying to compression chamber 15 by an injection amount.
  • the suction volume is the volume of compression chamber 15 at a time point when the working fluid guided from suction port 17 is introduced into and closed in compression chamber 15, that is, at a time point when a suction process is completed, and is the total volume of first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b.
  • intermediate pressure chamber 41 is provided to be spread on a flat surface of the end plate of fixed scroll 12 so as to expand the volume thereof.
  • the volume of intermediate pressure chamber 41 is equal to or more than the suction volume of compression chamber 15, and is equal to or less than a half of the oil volume of enclosed oil 6.
  • FIG. 6 is a view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which orbiting scroll 13 is engaged with fixed scroll 12 when viewed from rear surface 13e side of orbiting scroll 13. As illustrated in FIG. 6 , in a state in which fixed scroll 12 and orbiting scroll 13 are engaged with each other, the number of winding of the spiral wrap of fixed scroll 12 is equal to the number of winding of the spiral wrap of orbiting scroll 13.
  • Compression chamber 15 formed with fixed scroll 12 and orbiting scroll 13 includes first compression chamber 15a formed on an outer wall side of the wrap of orbiting scroll 13 and second compression chamber 15b formed on an inner wall side of the wrap of orbiting scroll 13.
  • a timing when the working fluid is confined in first compression chamber 15a is substantially the same as a timing when the working fluid is confined in second compression chamber 15b, and compression of first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b simultaneously starts. Accordingly, a pressure balance between first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b is maintained, and behavior of orbiting scroll 13 is stabilized.
  • R is a pressure curve showing the internal pressure of the compression chamber of the scroll compressor when an injection operation is not accompanied.
  • first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b When the injection operation is not accompanied, pressure increasing rates of first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b according to a crank rotation angle are equal to each other. However, when the amounts of the injection to first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b differ from each other, the pressure increasing rates according to the amounts of the injection differ from each other.
  • FIG. 7 shows a difference in a compression rate due to a difference in the amount of the injection.
  • the compression chamber where the amount of the injection is large reaches a discharge pressure in a short compression section from start of compression.
  • the pressure increasing rate of first compression chamber 15a as indicated by pressure curve P is faster than the pressure increasing rate of second compression chamber 15b as indicated by pressure curve Q.
  • discharge bypass port 21 is provided according to the internal pressure of the compression chamber having a small injection amount indicated by pressure curve Q
  • the internal pressure of the compression chamber having a large amount of the injection indicated by pressure curve P reaches the discharge pressure faster than the internal pressure indicated by pressure curve Q.
  • discharge bypass port 21 is provided at a position where first compression chamber 15a having a large amount of the injection can perform the discharge at an earlier timing than second compression chamber 15b.
  • discharge bypass port 21 is provided at a position where first compression chamber 15a having a large amount of injection can perform discharge at an earlier timing than second compression chamber 15b.
  • a volume ratio is defined by a ratio of a suction volume of the compression chamber to a volume of the compression chamber which communicates with the discharge port and discharge bypass port 21.
  • a volume ratio of first compression chamber 15a having a large injection amount is equal to or less than that of second compression chamber 15b.
  • an opening section of injection port 43 to second compression chamber 15b overlaps with at least a partial section of an oil supplying section from back-pressure chamber 29 to second compression chamber 15b.
  • An overlapping section in which the oil supplying section overlaps with the opening section is a partial section of the second half of the oil supplying section.
  • Injection port 43 is open to the second half of the oil supplying section, so that the opening section starts.
  • a slope shape is provided at wrap tip end 13c of orbiting scroll 13 from a winding start portion that is a central portion to a winding end portion that is an outer circumferential portion based on a result obtained by measuring a temperature distribution during operation such that a wing height gradually increases. Accordingly, a dimensional change due to heat expansion is absorbed, and local sliding is easily prevented.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for illustrating a positional relationship between an oil supplying passage and a sealing member accompanying an orbiting movement of the scroll compressor according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a view illustrating a state in which orbiting scroll 13 is engaged with fixed scroll 12 when viewed from rear surface 13e side of orbiting scroll 13, in which the phases of orbiting scroll 13 are sequentially shifted by 90 degrees.
  • connection passage 55 is formed on rear surface 13e of orbiting scroll 13.
  • rear surface 13e of orbiting scroll 13 is partitioned into high-pressure area 30 on an inner side and back-pressure chamber 29 on an outer side by sealing member 78.
  • connection passage 55 since the amount of the supplied oil can be adjusted at a rate of time when first opening end 55a travels between the inside and the outside of sealing member 78, the passage diameter of connection passage 55 can be configured to be 10 times or more the size of the oil filter.
  • the scroll compressor can be provided in which the back pressure can be stably applied and lubrication of the thrust sliding portion, rotation restraining mechanism 14 can be maintained in a good state, and high efficiency and high reliability can be realized.
  • a case where second opening end 55b is always located in high-pressure area 30 and first opening end 55a travels between high-pressure area 30 and back-pressure chamber 29 has been described as an example.
  • second opening end 55b travels between high-pressure area 30 and back-pressure chamber 29, and first opening end 55a is always located in back-pressure chamber 29, a pressure difference occurs between first opening end 55a and second opening end 55b.
  • intermittent oil supplying can be realized and similar effects can be obtained.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for illustrating an opening state of the oil supplying passage and an injection port accompanying the orbiting movement of the scroll compressor according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 shows a state in which orbiting scroll 13 is engaged with fixed scroll 12, in which the phases of fixed scroll 12 are sequentially shifted by 90 degrees.
  • intermittent communication is realized by periodically opening third opening end 56a of passage 13a formed in wrap tip end 13c to recess 12a formed in the end plate of fixed scroll 12.
  • third opening end 56a is open to recess 12a.
  • oil 6 is supplied from back-pressure chamber 29 to second compression chamber 15b through supply passage 56 or passage 13a.
  • the oil supplying passage by third opening end 56a is provided at a position that is open to second compression chamber 15b during a compression stroke after the suction refrigerant is introduced and closed.
  • injection port 43 is open to first compression chamber 15a.
  • injection port 43 is open to second compression chamber 15b. Accordingly, even though the opening section of injection port 43 is substantially the same as a section between first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b, a larger amount of the injection refrigerant is sent to first compression chamber 15a that performs injection to the compression chamber having a low pressure immediately after the compression starts, and an increase in the pressure of first compression chamber 15a is quickened with respect to second compression chamber 15b. Further, in any compression chamber, since the injection refrigerant can be compressed without flowing back to suction port 17, it is easy to increase the amount of a circulating refrigerant and it is possible to perform a highly efficient injection operation.
  • injection port 43 is provided at a position where injection port 43 is sequentially open to first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b. Further, injection port 43 is provided to penetrate the end plate of fixed scroll 12 at a position where injection port 43 is open to first compression chamber 15a during the compression stroke after the suction refrigerant is introduced and closed as illustrated in FIGS. 9(C) and 9(D) or at a position where injection port 43 is open to second compression chamber 15b during the compression stroke after the suction refrigerant is introduced and closed as illustrated in FIG. 9(A) and FIG. 9(B) .
  • the oil supplying section starts from FIG. 9(C) to FIG. 9(D) .
  • Injection port 43 is later open to second compression chamber 15b between FIG. 9(A) and FIG. 9(B) , and the opening section of injection port 43 has an overlapping section between the opening section and the oil supplying section.
  • the oil supplying section is the same as an opening of third opening end 56a to recess 12a.
  • the pressure of back-pressure chamber 29 depends on the internal pressure of compression chamber 15 at an end of the oil supplying section, and the injection refrigerant is sent to compression chamber 15 from a middle of the oil supplying section.
  • the pressure of back-pressure chamber 29 increases only during the injection operation, and it is possible to suppress destabilization of the behavior of orbiting scroll 13. Further, the reason why start of the opening of injection port 43 to compression chamber 15 is not hastened until the first half of the oil supplying section is as follows. That is, when the internal pressure of compression chamber 15 increases due to the injection refrigerant from an early stage of the oil supplying section, the internal pressure of compression chamber 15 and the pressure of back-pressure chamber 29 become equal to each other before the oil is sufficiently supplied to compression chamber 15 from back-pressure chamber 29. Thus, a possibility that a problem occurs in reliability of compressor that lacks oil supplying increases.
  • At least a part of the oil supplying section to compression chamber 15 is configured to overlap with an opening section of injection port 43.
  • application of the pressure from rear surface 13e to orbiting scroll 13 increases together with the internal pressure of compression chamber 15 during the oil supplying section as the intermediate pressure of the injection refrigerant increases. Therefore, orbiting scroll 13 is more stably pressed against fixed scroll 12, so that stable operation can be performed while leakage from back-pressure chamber 29 to compression chamber 15 is reduced. Accordingly, the behavior of orbiting scroll 13 can more stably realize optimum performance, and can further improve an injection rate.
  • discharge port 18 through which the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber is discharged is provided, and discharge bypass port 21a provided at a position communicating with first compression chamber 15a and discharge bypass port 21b provided at a position communicating with second compression chamber 15b are provided as discharge bypass port 21.
  • First compression chamber 15a closes the suction refrigerant in a state of FIG. 9(C) , and discharge bypass port 21a is open to first compression chamber 15a in a state of FIG. 9(D) .
  • discharge bypass port 21b does not yet communicate with second compression chamber 15b in the states of FIG. 9(D) and FIG. 9(A) and communicates with second compression chamber 15b in a state of FIG. 9(B) .
  • first compression chamber 15a receives a larger amount of the injection refrigerant than that of second compression chamber 15b, first compression chamber 15a is not over-compressed, and an effect of the injection cycle can be exhibited.
  • a volume ratio which is a ratio of the suction volume to the discharge volume of compression chamber 15 at which the refrigerant in compression chamber 15 can be discharged, can be smaller in first compression chamber 15a than in second compression chamber 15b.
  • FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a scroll compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • first injection port 48a that is open only to first compression chamber 15a and second injection port 48b that is open only to second compression chamber 15b are included.
  • First injection port 48a is provided with first check valve 47a
  • second injection port 48b is provided with second check valve 47b. Since the other configuration is the same as the configuration of the embodiment, the same reference numerals are designated, and description thereof will be omitted.
  • first injection port 48a is more than the port diameter of second injection port 48b
  • the amount of the refrigerant injected from first injection port 48a into first compression chamber 15a is more than the amount of the refrigerant injected from second injection port 48b into second compression chamber 15b.
  • first injection port 48a that is open only to first compression chamber 15a and second injection port 48b that is open only to second compression chamber 15b are provided, the amounts of the injection to first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b can be individually adjusted.
  • the refrigerant can be always injected into first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b or can be simultaneously injected into first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b.
  • it is effective to achieve a high injection rate under a condition in which a pressure difference in the refrigeration cycle is large.
  • a pressure adjusting function can be effectively utilized in back-pressure chamber 29, and addition of the pressure from rear surface 13e of orbiting scroll 13 can be stably controlled.
  • first injection port 48a has a larger port diameter than second injection port 48b has been shown.
  • the opening section in which first injection port 48a is open to first compression chamber 15a may be longer than the opening section in which second injection port 48b is open to second compression chamber 15b.
  • a pressure difference between the intermediate pressure in first injection port 48a and the internal pressure of first compression chamber 15a when first injection port 48a is open to first compression chamber 15a may be more than a pressure difference between the intermediate pressure in second injection port 48b and the internal pressure of second compression chamber 15b when second injection port 48b is open to second compression chamber 15b.
  • first injection port 48a and second injection port 48b respectively open only to first compression chamber 15a and second compression chamber 15b have been described.
  • the amount of the injection into first compression chamber 15a may be more than the amount of the injection into second compression chamber 15b.
  • R32 or carbon dioxide in which the temperature of a discharged refrigerant is easy to be high, is used as a refrigerant that is a working fluid, an effect of suppressing an increase in the temperature of the discharged refrigerant is exhibited.
  • deterioration of a resin material such as an insulating material of motor unit 3 (see FIG. 2 ) can be suppressed, and a compressor that is reliable for a long time can be provided.
  • the discharge port through which the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber is discharged is included, and the discharge bypass port through which the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber is discharged before the compression chamber communicates with the discharge port is provided.
  • At least one injection port through which an intermediate-pressure refrigerant is injected into the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber is provided to penetrate the end plate of the fixed scroll at a position where the injection port is open to the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber during the compression stroke after the suction refrigerant is introduced and closed.
  • the discharge bypass port is disposed such that a volume ratio is made smaller in one compression chamber among the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber, which has the large amount of the refrigerant injected from the injection port than in the other compression chamber, the volume ratio being a ratio of the suction volume to the discharge volume of the compression chamber at which the refrigerant in the compression chamber can be discharged.
  • the volume ratios of the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber are also equal to each other.
  • the internal pressure of the compression chamber reaches the discharge pressure in a shorter compression section of compression chamber than that of the other compression chamber.
  • the dischargeable port and the compression chamber do not communicate with each other, excessive compression occurs.
  • a force for separating the orbiting scroll from the fixed scroll is generated.
  • compression motion deteriorates.
  • the discharge bypass port is disposed such that the volume ratio is smaller in the one compression chamber having the large amount of the injected refrigerant than in the other compression chamber.
  • an excessive increase in the pressure can be suppressed. That is, according to the present embodiment, the discharge bypass port early communicates with the compression chamber having the large amount of the injection, and the volume ratio is reduced.
  • excessive compression can be prevented even during operation at a high injection rate, the injection cycle effect can be maximized, and efficiency improvement and capacity expansion effect can be obtained more than the related art.
  • the injection port is provided with a check valve which allows flow of the refrigerant to the compression chamber and suppresses flow of the refrigerant from the compression chamber.
  • the check valve and the compression chamber are provided close to each other, even when the internal pressure of the compression chamber increases to the intermediate pressure or more in a section in which the injection port is open to the compression chamber, the compression of the refrigerant in a space that is ineffective for compression, such as the injection pipe can be minimized, and the injection rate can be increased to a condition in which theoretical performance of the injection cycle can be exhibited to maximum.
  • the oil reservoir in which the oil is stored is formed in the sealed container including the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll therein, and the high-pressure area and the back-pressure chamber are formed on the rear surface of the orbiting scroll. Further, the oil supplying passage through which the oil is supplied from the oil reservoir to the compression chamber passes through the back-pressure chamber, and the oil supplying passage through which the back-pressure chamber communicates with the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber is provided at a position open to the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber during the compression stroke after the suction refrigerant is introduced and closed.
  • At least a partial section of the oil supplying section in which the oil supplying passage communicates with the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber overlaps with the opening section in which the injection port is open to the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber.
  • the pressure of the compression chamber more quickly increases than in a case where the intermediate-pressure refrigerant is not injected.
  • a force for separating the orbiting scroll from the fixed scroll increases more than in the related art.
  • a force for pressing the orbiting scroll against the fixed scroll interlocks with the pressure of the compression chamber with which the oil supplying passage communicates. Therefore, as the intermediate-pressure refrigerant is injected into the compression chamber, the force for pressing the orbiting scroll against the fixed scroll increases, and stable operation can be performed while the orbiting scroll is not separated from the fixed scroll.
  • the overlapping section where the oil supplying section overlaps with the opening section is a part of the latter half of the oil supplying section.
  • the pressure of the back-pressure chamber interlocks with the internal pressure of the compression chamber in the second half of the overlapping section, the pressure of the back-pressure chamber can be set according to the internal pressure of the compression chamber in a state in which the injection is completed or in a state in which the injection is further performed.
  • the pressure of the back-pressure chamber is high and stable orbiting movement is possible.
  • the pressure of the back-pressure chamber is low, and an excessive pressing force against the fixed scroll can be prevented.
  • At least one injection port is provided at a position where the injection port is sequentially open to the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber.
  • the injection port can be shared when the injection into both the first and second compression chambers is performed, miniaturization and a reduction in the number of components can be achieved, and the injection rate increases so that the injection cycle effect can be maximized.
  • compression start timings of the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber are different from each other by 180 degrees.
  • the injection port may be provided at a position where the injection is performed, and is suitable for realizing a high injection rate.
  • the injection port includes the first injection port that is open only to the first compression chamber and the second injection port that is open only to the second compression chamber. Further, one of the following configurations (1) to (3) is added.
  • the amount of injection into the first compression chamber having a large volume and a slow pressure increase rate can be certainly increased, and efficient distribution of the amount of the injected refrigerant can be achieved.
  • the scroll compressor is useful for a refrigeration cycle apparatus, such as a hot water heater, an air conditioner, a water heater, and a refrigerator, in which an evaporator is used in a low temperature environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
EP17873176.6A 2016-11-24 2017-10-12 Compresseur à volute Active EP3546753B1 (fr)

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JP7165901B2 (ja) * 2019-02-08 2022-11-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 スクロール圧縮機
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US11933306B2 (en) * 2019-06-28 2024-03-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Scroll compressor and refrigeration cycle apparatus
KR102688670B1 (ko) * 2019-07-24 2024-07-26 한온시스템 주식회사 스크롤 압축기
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JPH05288166A (ja) * 1992-04-10 1993-11-02 Hitachi Ltd スクロール圧縮機
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JP3764261B2 (ja) * 1997-10-06 2006-04-05 松下電器産業株式会社 スクロール圧縮機
JP3584781B2 (ja) * 1999-05-20 2004-11-04 株式会社日立製作所 スクロール圧縮機及び冷凍装置
JP4576081B2 (ja) * 2001-09-27 2010-11-04 日立アプライアンス株式会社 スクロール圧縮機
KR100547322B1 (ko) * 2003-07-26 2006-01-26 엘지전자 주식회사 용량 조절식 스크롤 압축기
CN102245903B (zh) * 2008-12-15 2015-02-25 松下电器产业株式会社 涡旋压缩机
JP5798937B2 (ja) * 2012-01-23 2015-10-21 日立アプライアンス株式会社 スクロール圧縮機
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EP3546753A4 (fr) 2019-11-27
JP6928792B2 (ja) 2021-09-01
US20190309750A1 (en) 2019-10-10
WO2018096824A1 (fr) 2018-05-31

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