EP3299750B1 - Kühlmöbel und verfahren zum steuern eines kühlmöbels - Google Patents

Kühlmöbel und verfahren zum steuern eines kühlmöbels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3299750B1
EP3299750B1 EP17191885.7A EP17191885A EP3299750B1 EP 3299750 B1 EP3299750 B1 EP 3299750B1 EP 17191885 A EP17191885 A EP 17191885A EP 3299750 B1 EP3299750 B1 EP 3299750B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
heat exchanger
conveying device
refrigerated cabinet
refrigerated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17191885.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3299750A1 (de
Inventor
Jörg Kurzay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Viessmann Refrigeration Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Viessmann Refrigeration Solutions GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL17191885T priority Critical patent/PL3299750T3/pl
Publication of EP3299750A1 publication Critical patent/EP3299750A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3299750B1 publication Critical patent/EP3299750B1/de
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47FSPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/04Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
    • A47F3/0439Cases or cabinets of the open type
    • A47F3/0443Cases or cabinets of the open type with forced air circulation
    • A47F3/0447Cases or cabinets of the open type with forced air circulation with air curtains

Definitions

  • a refrigeration unit and a method for controlling a refrigeration unit are described, the refrigeration unit having at least one cooling space for receiving and storing items to be cooled and an air duct in which a heat exchanger and a first conveying device for circulating air are arranged. The amount of supply air sucked in from the cooling space and discharged into the cooling space is controlled via the first conveying device.
  • Refrigerated counters are used in food retailing, for example, to offer sausage and meat products, fruit and vegetables, and dairy products.
  • the cold room which can also be referred to as a goods room, is open at the top.
  • refrigerated counters with a closable goods space, with such refrigerated counters usually storing frozen products.
  • the air-side heat transfer coefficient is decisive for heat transfer. If the heat transfer coefficient is increased, there is a significant increase in the heat flow transferred.
  • the decisive factor here is the speed of the air which flows around the heat exchanger. The greater the speed of the air, the higher the degree of turbulence and thus the amount of heat transferred.
  • Such a large-scale heat exchanger is shown in DE 20 2014 010 502 U1 disclosed as a cooling module.
  • the cooling module is part of a cooling device which has a product receiving area, a first circulating air line and a second circulating air line, the cooling module being arranged in a section connecting the circulating air lines.
  • the cooling device has a first and a second fan device in the form of rotary fans, a first rotary fan being arranged in the first circulating air line and a second rotary fan being arranged in the second circulating air line. Air for cooling is fed through the circulating air lines and the cooling module via the rotating fan.
  • JP S63-87488 U discloses a refrigerated counter with a heat exchanger and two fans which cause the cooled air to circulate together.
  • the fans are arranged in different positions for this purpose.
  • JP H03-51684 A discloses a cooling device with two cooling chambers which are supplied with cooled air via a common heat exchanger and two fans.
  • the fans are arranged in such a way that the air is circulated together through the fans.
  • the heat transfer is decoupled from the conveying capacity of the cooled supply air flow through the refrigerated room, which is, for example, a goods room of a refrigerated counter.
  • the second conveying device generates a circulating air flow which is directed essentially transversely to the supply air flow. Essentially this means that the circulating air flow can also be generated at an angle greater than or less than 90 ° to the supply air flow.
  • the area in which the circulating air flow meets the supply air flow can be, for example, 75 ° to 105 °. Since the second conveying device is arranged in the region of the heat exchanger, further turbulences in the air also result within the heat exchanger. The greater the turbulence, the higher the heat transfer.
  • the circulating air flow is conducted to the heat exchanger by the second conveyor device.
  • the second conveying device causes the air to circulate within the air duct, whereby a high volume flow can be set.
  • the amount of chilled air discharged into the cold room is controlled by the first conveyor. Even with very high circulating air flows, very low supply air flows can be set.
  • the heat exchanger can be made structurally smaller due to the increased heat transfer through the second conveyor device.
  • the surface along which the air flows can be smaller than in refrigerated cabinets of the same size, but without a second conveyor device.
  • a high level of turbulence is generated in the heat exchanger, which results in a very high level of heat transfer.
  • the air can essentially be brought up to the temperature of the heat exchanger or a coolant or refrigerant passed through the heat exchanger.
  • the main aspect of the technical teaching described here is to achieve the lowest possible supply air velocity with the highest possible turbulence in the heat exchanger.
  • these two requirements contradict each other, since a high speed results in high turbulence and a low speed results in low turbulence.
  • This problem is solved by the fact that the air in the heat exchanger is internally circulated via the second conveyor device. This eliminates the negative influence of a low supply air speed on the heat transfer, since the circulating air volume flow is the decisive variable for the heat transfer on the surface of the heat exchanger.
  • the internal volume flow is significantly larger than the supply air volume flow and can be increased as required without this having a negative effect on the drying out of the goods due to excessive supply air speeds.
  • the first conveying device is arranged in the area of an air outlet opening in the air duct, downstream of the heat exchanger in the air flow direction.
  • the first conveying device is in the area of an air inlet opening in the air duct or in the air duct, the heat exchanger in the air flow direction upstream, arranged.
  • the first conveyor device can have two conveyor devices, one conveyor device being arranged in the area of the air outlet opening and one conveyor device being arranged in the area of the air inlet opening.
  • the first conveying device regardless of whether it consists of conveying devices at different positions, is arranged in the area of the air inlet opening or in the area of the air outlet opening, is used to suck the air from the cooling space into the air duct and to discharge the air into the goods space.
  • At least one deflection plate can be arranged in the air duct.
  • the at least one baffle supports the circulation of the air in the air duct, in particular to the heat exchanger.
  • the section of the air duct in which the air is circulated by the heat exchanger by means of the second conveying device is constructed in such a way that the circulation is supported.
  • an air brake is arranged in the air duct in the air flow direction in front of an air outlet opening.
  • An air brake also reduces the speed of the exiting air.
  • Various designs of an air brake are known from the prior art. If the first conveyor device is arranged in an area of the air duct, the air brake can be arranged in the vicinity of the heat exchanger, for example instead of a deflector plate.
  • honeycomb arrangement can be arranged in the area of the air outlet opening, which ensures a directed outflow of the cooled air causes.
  • honeycomb arrangements are also known in various designs.
  • the second delivery device is arranged on or in the heat exchanger. This creates a targeted air turbulence where the heat transfer takes place.
  • the second conveyor device is arranged in the heat exchanger so that the air supplied via the first conveyor device can be strongly swirled.
  • the arrangement of the components in the air duct is to be selected in particular so that the air can be circulated. Air ducts can therefore be provided for returning the air, the return being effected by the second conveyor device.
  • the heat exchanger is an evaporator with a fin arrangement.
  • the heat exchanger can also be an air cooler that is cooled using cold water or cold brine. The heat is transferred via the lamella arrangement, which has a relatively large surface. Since the second conveying device carries out a high level of heat transfer due to the turbulence, the heat exchanger can be kept smaller, which further reduces the installation space required.
  • the delivery rate of the first delivery device and the second delivery device can each be controlled separately from one another. This allows very high air velocities and thus high turbulence and heat transfer are generated by the second conveyor at very low air speeds by the first conveyor.
  • the delivery rates of the conveyor devices do not have to be changed together. For example, only one delivery rate can be changed, the delivery rate via the other delivery device not being changed.
  • the first delivery device can also be deactivated and the second delivery device operated with a high delivery rate, for example.
  • a control is provided that regulates the delivery rates.
  • the refrigerated cabinet can have further devices, such as temperature detection devices and devices for detecting the flow rate and speed of the air. These and other parameters are then used by the controller to control the delivery rates of the first conveyor device and the second conveyor device.
  • the control can take place depending on the coolant or refrigerant temperature.
  • the temperatures to be achieved can be specified or set via the control, a central control for a cooling system with a large number of refrigeration units and / or also manually via an operator interface.
  • cooling of a cooling space is still ensured even if the second conveyor device fails.
  • the cooling capacity is reduced, but the cooling operation is still continued. A complete failure of the refrigeration unit in the event of a defective second conveyor device is thus prevented.
  • the first conveyor device and / or the second conveyor device can each have at least one fan.
  • the refrigerated cabinet can have not only one heat exchanger but several heat exchangers, which are arranged, for example, across the width of the refrigerated cabinet, which is designed as a refrigerated counter, for example. Each of these heat exchangers is then assigned at least one fan that circulates the air within the air duct.
  • the above-mentioned object is also achieved by a method for controlling a refrigerated appliance, which is designed according to one of the above-mentioned variants and embodiments, the first conveyor device and the second conveyor device being controlled such that the circulating air flow is greater than the supply air flow.
  • the first conveying device and the second conveying device can also be controlled in such a way that the first conveying device is not operated and thus the supply air flow through the cooling space or goods space is essentially zero.
  • the second conveying device is operated in such a way that a high circulating air speed prevails and thus high heat transfer occurs.
  • the first conveyor device is put into operation and the cooled air is blown out into the goods space.
  • the specific temperature can be reached, for example, when the air in the air duct is a maximum of 0.5 ° C. above the temperature of a coolant or refrigerant flowing through the heat exchanger.
  • the temperature difference can, however, be set to different values, which also depend on the values recorded in the refrigerated or goods space Goods is set.
  • the cooling time can, for example, be in a range between 5 seconds and 30 seconds.
  • Cooling of the air without air circulation through the cooling space by means of the first conveying device can be carried out, for example, when the cooling unit is started up, after it has been loaded with new goods, or at regular intervals.
  • the refrigeration unit can be operated in such an operating mode when the temperature in the refrigeration space exceeds an adjustable upper temperature limit so that the air subsequently emitted has essentially the same temperature as the surface of the heat exchanger. In the case of an inactive first delivery device, essentially no air is accordingly output via the air outlet opening.
  • the main aspect of the refrigerated cabinets and methods for controlling refrigerated cabinets described herein is to achieve the lowest possible supply air speed with the highest possible turbulence in the heat exchanger. Since these two requirements contradict each other thermodynamically (high speed results in high turbulence; low speed results in low turbulence) the circulating air fans should ensure internal circulation of the air, for example in the plate pack of the heat exchanger. This eliminates the negative influence of a low supply air speed on the heat transfer, since the circulating air volume flow is the decisive factor for the heat transfer on the surface of the lamella pack.
  • the internal volume flow (circulating air flow) is significantly greater than the supply air volume flow and can be increased as required without this having a negative effect on the drying out of the goods due to excessive supply air speeds.
  • the core of the technical teaching described herein is that Decoupling of the heat exchanger performance from the supply air speed.
  • control options and advantages described above which have been specified for a refrigerated cabinet, also apply in a corresponding manner to a method for controlling a refrigerated cabinet.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a refrigerated cabinet 10 designed as a refrigerated counter.
  • the refrigerated cabinet 10 has a housing 14, a refrigeration unit 16, a goods compartment 12 and an air duct 20.
  • a heat exchanger 28, an air brake 32, a honeycomb 24 and a first conveyor device and a second conveyor device are arranged in the air duct 20.
  • the first conveyor device has at least one supply air fan 26 and the second conveyor device has at least one circulating air fan 30.
  • the refrigeration cabinet 10 has other components that are in the Fig. 1 and 2 are not shown. These may not include temperature recording devices, recording devices for the flow rate and the amount of circulated air, a control unit, power supply units, sealing elements, drainage systems for water and pipe systems for a coolant or refrigerant, valves and connections.
  • a control unit regulates the operation of the refrigerated appliance 10 and is connected to the facilities required for this.
  • the refrigeration unit 16 has either a cold generator for cooling the heat exchanger 28 or a connection to a cooling system via which a coolant is supplied.
  • Fig. 1 shows in particular a schematic sectional view of the refrigerated cabinet 10.
  • the refrigerated cabinet 10 can have a greater width than depth. The depth extends from the front of the housing 14 on the right hand side as shown in FIG Fig. 1 to the rear of the housing 14 on the left-hand side of the illustration of Fig. 1 .
  • the air duct 20 therefore also extends essentially over the entire width of the refrigerated cabinet 10 or over the entire width of the goods space 12.
  • the air duct 20 has an air inlet opening 18.
  • the air inlet opening 18 extends over the entire width of the air duct 20.
  • a grid arrangement can be arranged in the area of the air inlet opening 18.
  • the air duct 20 has a first section 34 which extends essentially below the goods space 12.
  • a supply air fan 26 is arranged in the transition from section 34 to section 36.
  • the supply air fan 26 is a speed-controlled fan.
  • the speed of the supply air fan 26 is regulated by the control unit.
  • the supply air fan 26 circulates the air in the refrigeration unit 10.
  • the supply air fan 26 sucks in the air from the goods space 12 via the air inlet opening 18 and supplies it via the section 34 to the heat exchanger 28 in the section 36.
  • the supply air fan 26 regulates the amount of air that is output via the section 40 and an air outlet opening 22 into the goods space 12.
  • the supply air fan 26 is controlled in such a way that no air speeds above 0.5 m / s are established in the goods space 12.
  • the heat exchanger 28 is arranged in section 36.
  • the heat exchanger 28 is an evaporator or a brine-operated air cooler with a fin arrangement.
  • the lamella arrangement is indicated by the black filled circles in Fig. 1 indicated.
  • the entire air flow supplied by the supply air fan 26 flows through the heat exchanger 28, a heat transfer taking place and the air flowing through being cooled becomes.
  • the heat can be dissipated, for example, via a coolant.
  • a coolant is guided in a cooling circuit between the cooling unit 16 and the heat exchanger 28.
  • a circulating air fan 30 is arranged on the heat exchanger 28. Like the supply air fan 26, the circulating air fan 30 is a speed-controlled fan and its speed can be controlled, whereby the amount of air conveyed can be controlled. The control of the circulating air fan 30 also takes place via the control unit. However, the speeds of the circulating air fan 30 and the supply air fan 26 are controlled independently of one another. This means that although there can be coordination with one another, the circulating air fan 30 does not necessarily have to be or is operated at the same speed as the supply air fan 26.
  • the second conveyor device can have a plurality of circulating air fans 30 instead of one circulating air fan 30.
  • the circulating air fan 30 is arranged on the heat exchanger 28 in such a way that a circulating air flow is generated essentially perpendicular to the supply air flow, conveyed via the supply air fan 26.
  • the air flowing through the heat exchanger 28 is swirled by the circulating air fan 30. The swirling of the air enables a significantly higher heat transfer than with a laminar flow through the heat exchanger 28.
  • the section 36 is formed above the heat exchanger 28 in such a way that the air flowing through the heat exchanger 28 is again led to the circulating air fan 30. The air can thereby be circulated again and again in the section 36.
  • An air brake 32 is arranged between the section 36 and the section 40.
  • the air brake 32 throttles the air flow that reaches the section 40.
  • the volume flow of air through section 40, which is then output via air outlet opening 22, is regulated by supply air fan 26.
  • a high speed of the circulating air fan 30 does not result in an increased air flow which is output into the goods space 12.
  • the supply air fan 26 and the arrangement and design of the heat exchanger 28 and the section 36 are decisive for the air flow over the section 40 and the air outlet opening 22 Fig. 1
  • the schematically indicated design of the section 36 supports the circulation of air via the circulating air fan 30.
  • a honeycomb arrangement with a honeycomb 24 is arranged in the area of the air outlet opening 22.
  • the dispensed air is directed via the honeycomb 24 into the goods space 12, indicated schematically by the dashed line.
  • the air outlet opening 22 and the honeycomb 24 extend essentially analogously to the air duct 20 and the air inlet opening 18 over the entire width of the refrigerated cabinet 10 or the goods space 12.
  • Fig. 1 the fans shown schematically, circulating air fan 30 and supply air fan 26, have different sizes.
  • the actual size and the maximum delivery rate of the supply air fan 26 and the circulating air fan 30 are to be determined according to the size of the refrigeration unit 10 and its goods compartment 12, the dimensions of the air duct 20 and the size and design of the heat exchanger 28.
  • the maximum temperature to be achieved in the goods space 12 and the goods to be accommodated therein must also be taken into account for the design of the components of the refrigerated appliance 10.
  • it must be taken into account whether the goods space 12 can be locked or not.
  • the number of circulating air fans 30 and supply air fans 26 arranged in the refrigeration cabinet 10 plays a role in the selection of the size and power of the fans.
  • the direction of flow of the air through the goods space 12, the air duct 20 and in particular in the section 36, especially in the heat exchanger 28, is shown schematically by the arrows.
  • the heat exchanger 28 can have a smaller surface for the heat transfer than in a comparable refrigeration unit from the prior art without a circulating air fan 30 and the introduction of turbulence, the refrigeration unit 10 described here provides a higher cooling capacity even with a smaller heat transfer surface. Additionally or alternatively, this makes this possible herein
  • the refrigeration cabinet described a reduction in the supply air flow via the supply air fan 26. This further advantage leads, on the one hand, to the fact that supply air fans 26 with a smaller output can be used. This also enables smaller air flows to be guided through the goods space 12. This is particularly advantageous because drying out of the goods in the goods space 12 is further reduced.
  • the air flow guided through the goods space 12 has, in particular, a temperature which can differ only by a few tenths from the evaporator temperature of the heat exchanger 28.
  • the refrigerated cabinet 10 described herein enables the air temperature to be reduced almost down to the evaporator temperature with, at the same time, very low air velocities in the goods space 12, the structural requirements for the refrigerated cabinet 10 being also low.
  • FIG Fig. 2 Another embodiment of a refrigerated cabinet 10 is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown.
  • the refrigerated cabinet 10 shown is also designed as a refrigerated counter and has a first conveyor device and a second conveyor device, the first conveyor device having at least one supply air fan 26 and the second conveyor device having at least one circulating air fan 30.
  • the supply air fan 26 is arranged in section 40. Furthermore, there is a baffle 42 provided that the circulation of the air in the upper region of the section 36 supports.
  • the circulating air fan 30 is not arranged completely at right angles to the one supply air flow through the heat exchanger 28, but rather has a slightly inclined arrangement in relation to this.
  • the recirculation fan 30 can in particular be arranged in a range between 75 and 105 degrees to the supply air flow through the heat exchanger 28.
  • a first embodiment is the section 36 in the refrigeration cabinet 10 of FIG Fig. 2 According to a second embodiment, it is designed in such a way that swirling of the air and air circulation in section 36 are supported. There are more in Fig. 2 Unmarked baffles provided.
  • the air duct 20 has a return section in section 36, via which a large part of the air flowing through the heat exchanger 28 is returned again and is again introduced into the heat exchanger 28 transversely to a supply air flow.
  • the refrigerated cabinet 10 shown can be analogous to the refrigerated cabinet 10 from FIG Fig. 1 operate.
  • the air is in section 36 by the turbulence up to or almost up to the evaporator temperature of the heat exchanger 28 brought.
  • the turbulence is generated by the at least one circulating air fan 30, which introduces a circulating air flow transversely to the supply air flow.
  • the pressures are essentially the same.
  • the high speeds of the circulating air fans 30 do not change the supply air volume flow that is conveyed via the supply air fans 26.
  • the supply air fans 26 of the refrigeration units 10 of the Fig. 1 and 2 "tap" the circulating air flow, conveyed by the circulating air fans 30. This results in a high heat transfer with very small supply air flows.
  • the supply air fans 26 can be switched off, as a result of which no supply air is supplied into the goods space 12 and no air is sucked into the section 34 of the air duct 20.
  • the air located above all in section 36 can be circulated by the circulating air fans 30, whereby the air is cooled very strongly.
  • This operating mode can be activated, for example, at certain intervals and / or when switching on, starting up and when introducing new goods.
  • the supply air fans 26 are put into operation and, depending on their speed, convey a small supply air flow into the goods space 12 with cooled air.
  • cooling operating modes at defined intervals and for a defined duration.
  • the duration and number of intervals can be freely selected, but which one can also be determined via the control unit the temperature in the goods space 12 is used for this purpose, for example. If the temperature in the goods space 12 exceeds a limit value, a cooling operating mode can be activated and the air is circulated in the sections 36 for 10 seconds, for example, and the supply air fans 26 are switched off.
  • refrigeration units 10 have both a supply air fan 26 in the area of the air outlet opening 22 and a supply air fan 26 in section 34.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
EP17191885.7A 2016-09-21 2017-09-19 Kühlmöbel und verfahren zum steuern eines kühlmöbels Active EP3299750B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17191885T PL3299750T3 (pl) 2016-09-21 2017-09-19 Szafa chłodnicza i sposób sterowania szafą chłodniczą

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016117806.3A DE102016117806B4 (de) 2016-09-21 2016-09-21 Kühlmöbel und Verfahren zum Steuern eines Kühlmöbels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3299750A1 EP3299750A1 (de) 2018-03-28
EP3299750B1 true EP3299750B1 (de) 2020-11-11

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ID=59914380

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EP17191885.7A Active EP3299750B1 (de) 2016-09-21 2017-09-19 Kühlmöbel und verfahren zum steuern eines kühlmöbels

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP3299750B1 (es)
DE (1) DE102016117806B4 (es)
DK (1) DK3299750T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2841525T3 (es)
PL (1) PL3299750T3 (es)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0710224Y2 (ja) * 1986-11-25 1995-03-08 ダイヤ冷ケース株式会社 冷蔵,冷凍ショーケース等の冷却装置
DE3708390A1 (de) * 1987-03-14 1988-09-22 Karl Leuprecht Kuehltheke
JPH0351684A (ja) * 1989-07-19 1991-03-06 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 冷気循環式2室平形オープンショーケース
DE202014010502U1 (de) 2014-08-01 2015-10-22 Werner W. Lorke Kühlgeräte, Kühlmodule und Kühlrippenmodule

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
DE102016117806B4 (de) 2019-12-12
DK3299750T3 (da) 2021-02-01
EP3299750A1 (de) 2018-03-28
PL3299750T3 (pl) 2021-07-12
ES2841525T3 (es) 2021-07-08
DE102016117806A1 (de) 2018-03-22

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