EP3131719B1 - Tête d'outil et procédé pour la mise en place et le serrage d'une plaquette de coupe ainsi que plaquette de coupe - Google Patents
Tête d'outil et procédé pour la mise en place et le serrage d'une plaquette de coupe ainsi que plaquette de coupe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3131719B1 EP3131719B1 EP15717077.0A EP15717077A EP3131719B1 EP 3131719 B1 EP3131719 B1 EP 3131719B1 EP 15717077 A EP15717077 A EP 15717077A EP 3131719 B1 EP3131719 B1 EP 3131719B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- cutting insert
- groove
- closure element
- cutting
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G13/00—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools
- B27G13/02—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools in the shape of long arbors, i.e. cylinder cutting blocks
- B27G13/04—Securing the cutters by mechanical clamping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G13/00—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools
- B27G13/08—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools in the shape of disc-like members; Wood-milling cutters
- B27G13/10—Securing the cutters, e.g. by clamping collars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G13/00—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools
- B27G13/12—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools for profile cutting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tool head according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for inserting and clamping a cutting insert according to the preamble of claim 5.
- a knife shaft for cutting woodworking machines is known, in particular for planing machines. It has a one-piece shaft body, which has several axially parallel grooves narrowing towards the lateral surface, in each of which sits a profiled disposable knife braced by a centrifugal wedge, which positively engages in a corresponding profiling of the side surface of a retaining strip lying between disposable knife and centrifugal wedge.
- the retaining bar is immovably connected to the shaft body and elastically deformable. It is arranged at such a distance from the side wall of the groove that, when the centrifugal wedge is released, an intermediate knife can be easily pulled out in the longitudinal direction and a new knife can be inserted practically without play.
- the retaining strip When the centrifugal wedge generates the clamping force by rotation, the retaining strip is pressed firmly against the disposable knife by slight elastic deformation, so that it remains firmly in place. However, the knife can only be clamped in a single, unchangeable position.
- German utility model DE-U-8914 809 discloses a cutter head for machining wood, plastic and the like, in particular for longitudinal profiling of strips and plates, with a cylindrical base body which has a plurality of axially parallel grooves open to the lateral surface.
- a knife is clamped in each groove between a side wall of the groove and a retaining strip, a toothing of the knife back engaging in a form-fitting manner with a corresponding toothing of the side wall.
- the groove towards the outer surface of the base body is narrowed in a wedge shape.
- a centrifugal wedge is arranged in this, which firmly clamps the knife between the holding bar and the other side wall when the base body rotates.
- U.S. Patent Application No. 2002/0046632 discloses a tool body with one or more tool holders, in which cutting edges can be used, which are held by a clamping mechanism.
- the US 2002/0046632 plan to re-sharpen the cutting edges and remove an equal amount from the cutting edge base, thus creating a new reference edge.
- the inserted cutting edges have a groove at a distance from the cutting edge base, into which a protruding rib formed in the tool holder engages when the cutting edge is clamped in the holder.
- the groove is provided on the flat side of the cutting edge opposite the cutting edge and prevents the cutting edge from slipping radially during operation.
- the rib can alternatively be provided on the fastening wedge to achieve the same purpose.
- U.S. Patent Application No. 2005/0265795 shows a tool head with a tool holder, in which a cutting edge can be clamped by means of a fastening wedge.
- the cutting edge has a chamfer on the cutting edge base and opposite the flat side with the cutting edge, which creates the necessary space when the cutting edge is inserted into the tool holder opening.
- the centrifugal wedge is first loosened by radially inward force, for example by a hammer blow.
- the retaining strip which is slightly deformed in the tensioned state in the direction of the knife, returns in it; relaxed location back.
- the seat of the knife is loosened to such an extent that it can be easily pulled out in the direction of the axis of the base body.
- the knife can be inserted again in the axial direction, for example in a position that is shifted outward by a tooth width. As soon as the cutter head is rotated rapidly, the centrifugal force tightens the centrifugal wedge.
- the knife is now firmly and precisely clamped. Since the centrifugal wedge is designed to be self-locking, it remains tensioned even after the cutter head has been stopped.
- An advantage of the knife head described is that the screws do not have to be loosened when changing the knife.
- the disadvantage, however, is that the knife is only in the axial direction can be pulled out of the groove. This means that neighboring cutter heads must first be removed from the tool spindle before the cutter can be removed.
- Knife heads with conventional knife holders without centrifugal wedges usually require several screws when using wide knives to attach the knives to the knife head. This requires more work when changing knives.
- Another problem with such conventional cutter heads is that the pressure bodies are fastened with screws in a groove of the cutter head against the centrifugal force that arises during rotation. At high speeds, the centrifugal forces can cause the knife to shift slightly, which affects the accuracy of the woodworking and leads to greater tolerances.
- Another aim is to provide a tool head in which a prior disassembly of tool heads adjacent to the tool head is no longer necessary when changing tools or knives.
- Another goal is to propose a tool head that minimizes the work involved in changing tools.
- Another goal is that when a tool is changed, the new tool is precisely adjusted in the radial and preferably axial direction.
- the invention relates to a tool head, in particular a cutter head for a woodworking machine, with a cylindrical, conical or profiled base body for rotating machining of a workpiece.
- the tool head has at least two tool holders arranged uniformly distributed over its circumference for holding a cutting insert.
- the tool holders each have narrowing grooves in the radial direction, in each of which a cutting plate can be clamped between a first side wall of the groove and a closure element serving as a pressure jaw.
- a centrifugal wedge which can be inserted into the groove, can press the locking element against the cutting plate and fix the latter in the tool holder.
- a first interlocking connection is provided between the cutting plate and the first side wall, which fixes the cutting plate in the radial direction.
- a second positive connection is provided between the closure element and the centrifugal wedge.
- This arrangement of the interlocking connections namely between the insert and the tool head on the one hand and the closure element and the centrifugal wedge on the other hand, has the advantage that a relative movement between the closure element and the insert is possible when clamping because there is no interlocking connection between the insert and the closure element.
- the proposed arrangement of the interlocking connections also allows the cutting insert to be inserted into the groove in the radial direction.
- the centrifugal wedge advantageously has a bore with an internal thread into which a clamping screw with an external thread can be inserted.
- the centrifugal wedge can be moved into the clamping position by rotating the clamping screw in a first direction and into the tool changing position by rotating the clamping screw in a second, opposite direction.
- this tool holder has the advantage that the centrifugal wedge is preloaded outwards in the radial direction when the tool is clamped. This has the advantage that the centrifugal wedge and the cutting plate no longer move when the tool head begins to rotate.
- the clamping screw is a threaded pin, on one end face of an attack means, for example a hexagon socket or a Torx screw driving profile, and on the second end face a preferably cylindrical screw head
- an attack means for example a hexagon socket or a Torx screw driving profile
- the screw head has a latching extension on the end face, which can engage with play in a corresponding blind hole in the groove base.
- the blind hole and the latching extension are designed in such a way that radial pre-assembly of the clamping screw is possible.
- a screw hole with an internal thread is advantageously provided in the base of the groove, and the shaft of the clamping screw has two threaded sections with opposite screw threads.
- This has the advantage that, if the direction of rotation of the screw thread is selected appropriately, the centrifugal wedge moves away from the groove base when the clamping screw is screwed into the screw hole.
- the clamping screw can be inserted rotatably but immovably in the axial direction into the bore of the centrifugal wedge. In this way, too, the centrifugal wedge can be pressed against the closure element by turning the clamping screw.
- the closure element is expediently accommodated in the tool holder without screws. fixed positively by the centrifugal wedge in the tool change position. This has the advantage that it can be inserted or removed quickly. This makes tool changing easier.
- either the closure element or the centrifugal wedge is equipped with at least one magnet.
- the provision of at least one magnet has the advantage that the cutting plate, which is advantageously made of a weakly magnetizable material, is held on the closure element. This has the advantage that the cutting insert is pulled towards the closure element in the tool change position. Because the insert is additionally tilted when the centrifugal wedge is released, it can be gripped easily with your fingers.
- the at least one magnet is preferably inserted into a recess of the closure element flush with its surface.
- This has the advantage that the cutting plate can lie flat against the closure element.
- two spaced-apart recesses are provided, in which magnets are inserted flush.
- the one or more cutouts in the lower region of the closure element are advantageously provided at a short distance from the base of the closure element, in particular in the lower third of the closure element.
- other positions are also possible depending on the dimensions of the insert.
- a pressure or spring element which is positioned in the groove in such a way that when the cutting insert is clamped in, it acts on the cutting insert in the radial direction outward and presses it against a stop.
- the pressure element is advantageously elastically or resiliently deformable and, for example, made of an elastically deformable plastic or a spring element, for example a spiral spring.
- the pressure or spring element is preferably located where the lower edge of the cutting plate rests on a shoulder of the tool holder, so that the pressure or spring element can interact with the lower edge of the cutting plate.
- the pressure or spring element can be inserted into the groove or arranged on the closure element.
- An expedient embodiment provides that the pressure or spring element is provided or arranged on the closure element. Seen in the longitudinal direction under the magnets, i.e. closer to the base of the closure element.
- the pressure or spring element can be designed as a plastic positioning knob protruding from the surface. The positioning knob can, for example, be inserted into a hole in the closure element.
- the pressure or spring element is a spring which is used simultaneously for the lateral and radial positioning of the cutting edge and for pressing the closure element onto the centrifugal wedge jaws.
- the centrifugal wedge advantageously has a front wedge surface, which is oriented to the first side wall of the groove, and a back surface opposite the wedge surface, which is oriented to the second side wall of the groove and which takes an acute angle to the front wedge surface.
- the wedge surface preferably has a groove-shaped depression running in the axial direction. The deepening has the advantage that the Contact pressure is concentrated on the areas of the centrifugal wedge adjacent to the depression.
- An elevation extending in the axial direction is advantageously provided on the wedge surface.
- the survey e.g. an elongated bead can ensure a positive fit with the closure element.
- a first contact surface is expediently provided above the recess and a second contact surface below the recess with a minimum width of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 2 mm, and particularly preferably of at least 3 mm.
- the first side wall of the groove preferably has an angle between 0 and 40 degrees, preferably between 15 and 35 degrees and particularly preferably between 20 and 30 degrees, with a radial extending from the center of the tool head.
- the bottom of the centrifugal wedge is advantageously designed with a step that preferably extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bore, so that there is a first bottom surface adjacent to the front wedge surface and a second bottom surface adjacent to the back surface.
- the second floor surface forms an angle> 90 degrees with the back surface, preferably between 90.1 and 95 degrees and particularly preferably between 90.5 and 94 degrees.
- This physical design of the centrifugal wedge has the advantage that a tilting movement of the centrifugal wedge can be caused when the tool holder is released.
- a centering pin (e.g. press fit) can be embedded in the first groove wall for the lateral centering of the cutting insert and, if applicable, the closure element.
- a third positive connection is provided between the centrifugal wedge and the closure element for the lateral centering of the closure element. This is a particularly advantageous embodiment which, in conjunction with the second positive connection, enables the radial and axial adjustment of the cutting insert.
- a cutting plate for the tool head of a woodworking machine has a cutting edge on a first side (knife chest) of the cutting plate and a positioning groove on the second side of the cutting plate opposite the cutting edge.
- This cutting plate is characterized in that the edge of the cutting plate diagonally opposite the cutting edge has a functional surface in the form of a chamfer or a rounding, the depth of which is preferably at least 15% of the cutting plate thickness.
- This insert has the advantage that it can be positively fixed directly in the tool body.
- the chamfer is advantageously ⁇ 0.6 mm.
- This chamfer which is significantly larger than known cutting inserts, has the advantage that an elastically deformable pressure element can spread when the centrifugal key is tensioned due to the increased free space between the groove wall and the cutting insert.
- the enlarged chamfer therefore has a meaning in connection with the correct radial positioning of the cutting insert.
- this functional surface is also relevant in terms of safety, since without it the brittle cutting inserts could break during clamping and fly away during operation.
- only a single positioning channel is provided, the lower edge of which is at a distance of ⁇ 10 mm and preferably ⁇ 8 mm from the cutting surface of the insert.
- the positioning channel is located within a clamping area.
- This clamping area is limited on the one hand in depth by the shoulder of the first groove wall and on the other hand in height by the apex of the top surface of the centrifugal wedge and the first pressure surface of the centrifugal wedge.
- the cutting plate advantageously has at least one U-shaped recess for lateral positioning.
- the insert can also have no U-shaped exception.
- the lateral positioning can then take place, for example, by means of two lateral positioning elements, between which the cutting plate is arranged.
- the present invention also relates to a method for inserting and clamping a cutting insert in a holder of a tool head according to the preamble of claim 5, in which method the closure element is held in a form-fitting manner by the centrifugal wedge after being inserted into the tool holder.
- the locking element In the change position, the locking element can be held by the centrifugal wedge, and the tool in the clamping position by a positive connection with a side wall.
- the centrifugal wedge is advantageously moved into the clamping and changing position with the aid of a clamping screw.
- the insert is advantageously clamped in the direction of the centrifugal force by means of a clamping screw acting on the centrifugal wedge.
- the cutting plate Before the final clamping position is reached, the cutting plate is preferably pressed outward in the radial direction against a stop. This has the advantage that the cutting insert is positioned exactly in the tool holder and cannot slip during operation.
- the tool is advantageously positioned or reached before reaching the final position with the aid of an elastic element. brought to a stop with a stop bar.
- the insert is advantageously releasably pulled to the closing element in the changing position. This is expediently done with the aid of a magnet, which can be arranged on the closure element or the centrifugal wedge.
- the centrifugal wedge is loosened with the help of the clamping screw.
- the centrifugal wedge can be released without a hammer.
- the locking element is advantageously held positively by the centrifugal wedge in the tool change position.
- the cutting plate is advantageously clamped to the stop and in the direction of flight.
- the tool head described above is further characterized in that a spring element can be provided in the tool holder, which presses an insert inserted into the tool holder in the radial direction outward against a stop.
- a tool head designed in this way has the great advantage that the tool is automatically positioned radially when it is clamped in that the spring means automatically brings it radially outward and stops it with a projection on the tool. This ensures exact positioning of the inserts in the tool holder without additional effort.
- the spring element can be a spring or an elastically deformable plastic or metal part which preferably engages in a recess in the cutting insert or engages on the cutting edge.
- a cutting insert inserted into the tool holder can be pressed against a stop with the aid of a spring element provided and appropriately aligned in the tool holder, in that the spring element exerts a radially outward force on the cutting plate. It is important that the Positioning takes place automatically when the tool is clamped.
- the spring element can provide radial, lateral or lateral and radial positioning.
- a tool head 11 for the rotating processing of wood and its components. It has a plurality of tool receptacles 13 distributed over the circumference, in each of which a tool in the form of a cutting plate 15 can be accommodated.
- a groove 19 narrowing in the radial direction is provided in the tool holder 13, which can run parallel to the axis or at an angle to the axis of rotation 17 of the tool head 11.
- a centrifugal wedge 23 and a closure element 25 Closure element 25 lies against the cutting plate 15 and is pressed against the flat side of the cutting plate 15 by the centrifugal wedge 23.
- the latter is thus in the work or Clamping position clamped between a first groove wall 27 of the tool head 11 and the closure element 25.
- the tool head according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the cutting insert can be inserted into the tool holder 13 in the radial direction or can be removed from it again.
- the closure element 25 is held in the tool holder 13 without screws.
- the centrifugal wedge 23 for all widths in the area of application according to the invention typically between 7 mm and 150 mm, preferably between 15 and 100 mm
- is tensioned by a single screw 29. is released, ie that no hammer is required to loosen the tool holder, as is usually the case with conventional tool heads.
- the groove 19 is narrowed in a wedge shape in the radial direction, i.e. the first groove wall 27 and a second groove wall 31 opposite the first groove wall 27 are inclined towards one another.
- the centrifugal wedge 23 is received in the groove 19.
- the dimensioning of the centrifugal wedge 23 and the groove 19 is preferably such that the centrifugal wedge - in the absence of the closure element 25 - can be inserted into the groove 19 in the radial direction.
- the dimensioning of the centrifugal wedge 23 and the groove 19 is such that only a lateral insertion is possible. Both embodiments are equally possible within the scope of the present invention.
- the centrifugal wedge 23 has a front wedge surface 33, which bears against the closure element 25, and a back surface 35, which bears flat against the second groove wall 31. If no closure element is provided, the front wedge surface 33 bears directly on the cutting plate.
- the front wedge surface 33 is interrupted by a recess 37 running in the longitudinal direction of the centrifugal wedge 23, so that a first pressure surface 39 is present above the recess 37 and a second pressure surface 41 is provided below the recess.
- the second pressure surface 41 has an elevation 43 in the form of a bead running in the longitudinal direction, which enables a positive connection with a corresponding, complementarily shaped recess 47 of the closure element 25.
- the bottom of the centrifugal wedge 23 is stepped, so that there is a first bottom surface 49 adjacent to the front wedge surface 33 and a second bottom surface 51 adjacent to the back surface 35.
- First and second bottom surfaces 49, 51 are separated by a step 53, which preferably extends essentially parallel to the back surface 35.
- the second bottom surface 51 forms an angle of 90 degrees or more, preferably between 91 and 93 degrees, with the back surface 35.
- one or more elongated holes 55 arranged at a distance from one another can be provided in the centrifugal wedge 23. Between the elongated holes 55 there is a screw hole 57 with a longitudinal axis 59, which extends from the top surface 61 to the second bottom surface 51. The longitudinal axis 59 of the screw hole 57 extends essentially parallel to the back surface 35.
- the screw hole 57 has an internal thread 63 for receiving a rear threaded section 99 of the screw 29 ( Fig. 7 ).
- the bottom of the groove is also stepped. It comprises a first groove base surface 65, which corresponds to the second base surface 51 of the centrifugal wedge 23, and a second groove base surface 67, which corresponds to the first base surface 49.
- a screw hole 69 with an internal thread 70 is provided in the first groove base surface 65.
- the screw hole 69 is collinear with the longitudinal axis 59, so that by turning the screw 29 the centrifugal wedge 23 from an upper clamping position, in which the closure element 25 and the cutting plate 15 are pressed firmly against the first groove wall 27, into a lower tool change position, in which the Cutting plate 15 can be removed in the radial direction, is movable.
- the bottom surface 51 forms an angle of 90 90 degrees with the back surface 35
- the angle between the first Groove base 65 and the back surface 31 preferably about 90 degrees. If the bottom surface 51 forms an angle of> 90 degrees with the back surface 35, when the tool holder is opened, the second bottom surface 51 of the centrifugal wedge 23 comes into contact with the first groove base surface 65 near the step 53. This acts on the centrifugal wedge 23 when it is reached a transverse force into the tool change position, which causes the centrifugal wedge 23 to tilt due to the existing tolerances of the screw threads ( Fig. 2 ). The closure element 25 and the cutting plate 15 are released from the first side wall 27.
- a special feature of the closure element 25 is that at least one, but preferably two or more, magnets 69 are provided in the lower region ( Figure 5 ). These are preferably received in recesses 71 flush with the adjacent surface of the tool.
- the magnets 69 serve to hold the cutting plates 15, which are usually made of a weakly magnetizable material, adhering to the closure element 25, in particular when changing tools, so that the same can be removed more easily.
- two elastically deformable plastic knobs 73 are provided in the closure element 25 at a distance from one another. These can be inserted into corresponding holes 75 in the closure element 25.
- the knobs 73 have the purpose of pushing the cutting plate 15 upward when tightening. The mode of operation of the knobs 73 is described in more detail below.
- a U-shaped recess 77 is provided in the center of the rear fastening section for the lateral centering of the closure element 25 in the groove 19.
- an axially adjustable centering pin 79 engages in this recess 77 and is received in a pin hole 81 of the tool head body ( 1 to 3 ).
- the pin hole 81 is machined into the tool head body at an angle to the first groove wall 27.
- a single groove 83 is provided in the first groove wall 27.
- a stop bar 85 is received in a form-fitting manner in this groove 83.
- the groove 83 and the corresponding stop bar 85 can Cross-section quadrangular or polygonal or round.
- the stop bar 85 cooperates in the clamping position for a precise positioning with a groove 87 in the cutting plate 15 ( Fig. 6 ).
- This groove 87 is a certain distance, preferably at least 5% and particularly preferably at least 10% wider than the stop bar 85.
- the groove 87 is advantageously between 20% to 80% wider than the stop bar. In specific exemplary embodiments, the groove 87 is between 30% and 60% wider than the stop bar 85. It is conceivable that instead of the stop bar 85, a corresponding elongated stop 85a is formed directly in the groove wall 27.
- the cutting plate 15, according to Fig. 6 is designed as a profile knife 21, can have a U-shaped recess 89 in the center of the tool base and analogous to the closure element 25, which serves to center the cutting plate 15.
- the head of the centering pin 79 engages in the U-shaped recesses 77, 89 of the closure element 25 and the cutting plate 15, so that they come to lie exactly one above the other.
- the cutting tip has a cutting edge 92 on the cutting tip face 90.
- a functional surface in the form of a chamfer 94 is formed on the edge diagonally opposite the cutting edge 92.
- the first groove wall 27 is not a straight surface, but has a shoulder 91 at a distance from the groove base, against which the cutting plate can rest.
- the rear (recessed) wall section above the shoulder 91 is designated in the present case with the reference number 93 and the front (upstream) wall section with the reference number 95.
- the shoulder 91 has a depth which essentially corresponds to the thickness of a cutting plate 15 to be clamped. When the cutting plate 15 is inserted, the cutting plate face is thus essentially flush with the front wall section 95.
- the groove 19 denotes those sections of the tool holder which cooperate in the tool holder.
- the groove 19 accordingly has first and second groove walls 27 and 31 of unequal length.
- the rear wall section 93 of the first groove wall 27 above the shoulder 91 can be inclined slightly inwards relative to the front wall section 95 and can assume an angle of up to 5 degrees (see FIG. Fig. 3 ). In this way, the tool can be biased even more strongly against the groove wall 27 in the front region.
- the screw 29 for tensioning and loosening the centrifugal wedge 23 is preferably a threaded pin with a front and a rear threaded section 97, respectively. 99 trained ( Fig. 7 ).
- the screw has an attack means 101 for a tool, for example an internal square or hexagon or a Torx® thread drive.
- the front and rear threaded section 97.99 are separated from one another by a constriction 103.
- the front threaded section 97 is designed to cooperate with the internal thread 70 of the screw hole 69.
- the rear threaded section 99 is designed to cooperate with the internal thread 63 of the screw hole 57 formed in the centrifugal wedge 23.
- front and rear threaded sections 97.99 have opposing screw threads.
- the front threaded section 97 is a left-hand thread and the rear threaded section 99 is a right-hand thread. This has the advantage that the screw can be turned in the usual direction to tension the centrifugal wedge. The radial position of the centrifugal wedge 23 changes by one thread turn with a full screw revolution.
- a further modified embodiment of a centrifugal wedge 23 has a centering element 105 on the wedge surface 33 in the form of a centering knob protruding from the wedge surface 33 ( Fig. 8 ).
- the centering element 105 serves for the lateral centering of the in the Figure 9 shown closure element 25a by means of positive locking.
- a recess 77 in the surface oriented to the centrifugal wedge 23 instead of a recess 77 in the surface oriented to the centrifugal wedge 23, only a U-shaped recess 107 is formed. This depression 107 extends in the middle of the closure element 25a at a right angle from the base 109 of the closure element 25a (central axis 102). Further differences are that the closure element 25a has no magnets or plastic knobs.
- the Figures 11 and 12 show a tool head 11a with the centrifugal wedge 23 and the closure element 25a according to Figure 9 , In contrast to the first embodiment according to the Figures 1 to 7
- the tool head 11a has a sleeve-shaped pressure element 113a, which is inserted into an enlarged, front pin hole section 115 of the pin hole 81.
- the upper edge of the pressure element 113a protrudes from the front wall section 95 on the groove side at the shoulder 91.
- the pressure element 113a presses in the changing position of the tool holder against the closure element 25a and biases it against the centrifugal wedge 23a.
- the part of the elastically deformable pressure element 113 a protruding from the wall section 95 is deformed and presses the cutting plate 15 radially outwards and thus against the stop bar 85. This automatically centers the cutting plate 15 in the radial direction.
- the stop bar 85 and the depression 87 ie the depression 87 is wider than the stop bar 85 by a certain amount, preferably between 0.05 and 1.5 mm and particularly preferably between 0.3 and 1.0 mm the insert 15 is loosely inserted into the tool holder and rests on the shoulder 91 ( Fig. 9 ), the upper edge 117 of the stop bar 85 can substantially correspond to the inner side edge 119 of the recess 87.
- the embodiment according to the Figures 13 and 14 differs from that of Figures 11 and 12 in that at least one pressure element 113b, but preferably two pressure elements 113b, is received in a separate blind hole 121 which is provided in the area of the shoulder 91 in the tool head body.
- a blind hole 121 and a pressure element 113b are preferably provided symmetrically on both sides of the centering pin 79.
- the functioning of the pressure element 113b is the same as that of the pressure element 113a, ie the part of the pressure element 113b protruding from the blind hole 121 and from the wall section 95 causes the cutting plate 15 to be centered radially when clamped.
- a further modification of this embodiment is in the area of the lateral positioning the insert 15 located.
- the cutting plate 15 has no U-shaped recess for the lateral positioning. For lateral positioning, the positioning pin 79 is axially outside the cutting plate 15 moved so that the cutting plate 15 can be struck on the left or right side of the positioning pin 79.
- the Figures 15 and 16 show a further tool head 11c, in which the tool holder 13a represents a less deep cut than in the tool heads described above and the cutting plate 15a has only a small height and two cutting edges 92a, 92b.
- the closure element 25c is also shorter than in the other exemplary embodiments.
- the tool head 11c has a stop bar 85a which is integral with the tool body.
- a centering pin is also not arranged in the center, but rather a lateral stop for the lateral centering of the cutting plate (not shown in the figures). Otherwise, the tool head 11c corresponds in terms of function and structure to the other tool heads, so that a more detailed description can be dispensed with.
- the tool head 11d represents a flattening knife head, which differs from the previously described embodiments in that the tool holder 13 is not provided in the circumference but in the end face 123 of the tool head 11d. Due to this construction, the centrifugal forces generated when the tool head is rotating only act to a small extent on the closure element 25 and the cutting plate 15. In order to keep the centrifugal wedge 23 precisely in the groove 19, two spaced-apart reinforcing elements 125 projecting from the wall are provided in the groove wall 31 and cooperate in a form-fitting manner with corresponding grooves 127 in the centrifugal wedge 23.
- a modified clamping mechanism is shown. This differs from those described above in that the clamping screw 29a only has a rear thread 99.
- a head 129 is provided on the front of the tensioning screw 29a and is supported on the groove base 65, 67.
- a centering extension 131 is formed on the head 129, which engages in the screw hole 60, which in this case does not have to have an internal thread.
- the centering extension can also be dispensed with, since it is not required for clamping the insert.
- the described embodiment of a tool head is otherwise not provided with a closure element, but the centrifugal wedge 23 acts directly on the cutting plate 15.
- the embodiment according to Fig. 18 does not fall under the invention according to claim 1 and claim 5.
- Die Figures 19 to 21 show an embodiment of a spring element 133, on the one hand, the function of the centering pin described above (see. Fig. 3 ) for the lateral alignment of the insert and on the other hand the pressure element for the radial positioning of the insert.
- the spring element 133 has a rear clamping section 135, comparable to a heavy-duty clamping pin, which can be inserted into the pin hole 81.
- a spring tongue 137 is formed on the tensioning section 135 with a terminal lug 139 which, when inserted into the pin hole 81, projects beyond the front wall section 95.
- the spring tongue 137 presses with the nose 139 onto the closure element 25, pushes it away and thus facilitates the removal of the cutting plate 15 when the centrifugal wedge is released Fig. 21 ).
- the tool head according to the invention is used as follows: To insert a new cutting insert into the tool head according to the Figures 1 to 3 the centrifugal wedge 23 is first brought into abutment with the base of the groove by turning the clamping screw as far as possible in the corresponding direction of rotation. In the tool change position then assumed, the centrifugal wedge 23 is tilted with respect to the first groove wall 27, so that a gap which opens in the radial direction is formed between the closure element 25 and the rear wall section 93 of the groove wall 27 ( Fig. 2 ).
- the new insert can now be inserted into the gap, the centering pin 79 ensuring the correct lateral centering of the insert 15.
- the cutting plate 15 rests on the shoulder 91.
- the elastically deformable pressure elements 73, 113a, 113b can also touch the base of the insert or be arranged at a short distance from it. If the screw 29 is now rotated in the clamping direction, the pressure elements 73, 113a, 113b are clamped between the front wall section 95 and the closure element. These expand laterally and push the cutting insert radially outward, so that the cutting insert rests with the lower edge 100 of the groove 87 on the stop bar 85.
- the position of the groove 87 and in particular of the lower edge 100 plays in relation to the cutting surface 108 an important role. This is the only way to ensure that the expansion of the pressure elements when clamping the tool is sufficient to ensure exact positioning of the cutting plate in the radial direction during the clamping process. In this way, an exact positioning of the cutting plate in the radial direction is ensured, which significantly increases the accuracy of the work to be carried out.
- the screw 29 is rotated until the centrifugal wedge lies firmly against the closure element 25. The centrifugal force generated when using the rotating tool head increases the clamping force.
- the tool head according to the invention is used, in particular, for the machining of wood, plastic and similar materials, in which the method for processing and for removing chips or particles is similar. Similar materials are, for example, cork, bone, plastic, light metal alloys, wood-based materials such as chipboard, fibreboard, plywood, etc. Cutting plates with a straight, convex or profiled cutting edge are used as tools.
- the inserts consist of flat blades with a thickness between approximately 1 mm and 3 mm.
- the cutter head is rotatably arranged in operation on a spindle of a woodworking machine, and further cutter heads can be attached directly adjacent to the spindle.
- the centrifugal wedge (tensioning and loosening) can be adjusted by means of a single screw for all application widths.
- the cutting insert is already pressed against the stop bar 85 in the direction of flight during clamping, so that the cutting insert can no longer move when the tool head is rotating.
- the exemplary embodiments are each described by way of example with reference to a tool head which is circular-cylindrical in section, in which the tool is received in an axial groove (which is axially parallel to the axis of rotation).
- the tool holder respectively.
- the groove also runs at an angle to the axis of rotation (eg conical tool head). The groove can thus assume 3 spatial angles relative to the axis of rotation and thereby define a rake angle, offset angle and axis angle.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
Claims (16)
- Tête d'outil (11, 11, 11b), en particulier pour une machine de travail du bois, avec un corps de base de forme cylindrique, conique ou profilée,- qui présente au moins deux logements d'outil (13) placés en étant de préférence régulièrement répartis sur sa circonférence pour le logement d'une plaque de coupe (15),- cependant que les logements d'outil (13) comprennent chacun une gorge (19) qui se rétrécit dans le sens radial, gorges dans chacune desquelles une plaque de coupe (15) peut être serrée entre une première paroi latérale (27) de la gorge (19) et un élément de fermeture (25) de la tête d'outil (11, 11, 11 b) et- une première liaison par conjugaison de formes (85, 85a, 87) est prévue entre la plaque de coupe (15) et la première paroi latérale (27) et- une cale de serrage (23) est placée entre l'élément de fermeture (25) et une seconde paroi latérale (31) placée en face de la première paroi latérale (27) de la gorge,caractérisée en ce
qu'une seconde liaison par conjugaison de formes (43, 47) est prévue entre l'élément de fermeture et la cale de serrage (23). - Tête d'outil (11, 11, 11b) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la cale de serrage (23) présente une forure (57) avec un filet intérieur dans laquelle une vis de serrage (29) peut être mise en place, cependant que la cale de serrage (23) peut être déplacée par rotation de la vis de serrage (29) dans une première direction dans la position de serrage et par rotation de la vis de serrage (29) dans une seconde direction opposée dans la position de changement d'outil.
- Tête d'outil (11, 11, 11b) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de fermeture (25) ou, de manière alternative, la cale de serrage (23) est équipée d'au moins un aimant (68).
- Tête d'outil (11, 11, 11b) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu un élément de pression ou à ressort (73, 113a, 113b) qui est positionné de telle manière qu'il agit sur la plaque de coupe (15) lors du serrage de l'outil dans le sens radial en pressant ainsi la plaque de coupe (15) vers l'extérieur dans le sens radial contre une butée (85, 85a) avant d'atteindre la position de serrage finale.
- Procédé pour mettre en place et serrer une plaque de coupe (15) dans un logement d'une tête d'outil (11, 11, 11b) avec les étapes de procédé suivantes :- mise en place de la plaque de coupe (15) dans une fente entre une première paroi latérale (27) d'une gorge (19) et un élément de fermeture (25) ;- réalisation d'une liaison par conjugaison de formes entre la plaque de coupe (15) et la première paroi latérale (27) de la gorge et- serrage de la plaque de coupe (15) à l'aide d'une cale de serrage (23), caractérisé ce plus par la- réalisation d'une seconde liaison par conjugaison de formes (43, 47) entre l'élément de fermeture (25) et la cale de serrage (23) lors de la mise en place de l'élément de fermeture (25) dans le logement d'outil (13).
- Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de coupe (15) est serrée dans le sens de la force centrifuge au moyen d'une vis de serrage (29) qui attaque (23).
- Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de coupe est pressée vers l'extérieur dans le sens radial contre une butée (85, 85a) avant d'atteindre la position de serrage finale.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le positionnement radial de la plaque de coupe (15) se fait de manière automatique lors du serrage de l'outil à l'aide d'un élément de pression ou à ressort.
- Système d'outil avec une tête d'outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 et une plaque de coupe (15), la plaque de coupe (15) présentant les caractéristiques suivantes :- une arête de coupe (92) configurée sur un premier côté de la plaque de coupe (15),- un renfoncement (87) qui sert de goulotte de positionnement qui est prévue sur le second côté de la plaque de coupe (15) opposé à l'arête de coupe (92) et- une surface fonctionnelle opposée en diagonale à l'arête de coupe, sous forme d'un biseau (94) ou d'un arrondi.
- Système d'outil selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le biseau (94) est plus grand que 0,6 mm, ceci étant vu dans l'épaisseur de la plaque de coupe.
- Système d'outil selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la goulotte de positionnement (87) est plus large entre 30% et 60% qu'une baguette de butée (85) prévue dans un logement d'outil (13).
- Système d'outil selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la goulotte de positionnement (87) peut être configurée angulaire, semi-circulaire ou en forme de V.
- Système d'outil selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une seule goulotte de positionnement (87) dont l'arête inférieure (100) se trouve à une distance de < 10 mm et de préférence de < 8 mm de la surface de base (108) de la plaque de coupe.
- Système d'outil selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de coupe (15) présente un renfoncement en forme de U (89) pour le positionnement latéral.
- Système d'outil selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, pour des plaques de coupe (15) sans renfoncement en forme de U, un goujon de positionnement (79) est placé de telle manière que la plaque de coupe (15) peut buter sur le goujon de positionnement (79) soit sur le côté gauche, soit sur le côté droit, pour le positionnement latéral.
- Système d'outil selon l'une des revendications 9 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de coupe est une lame plate avec une épaisseur entre environ 1 mm et 3 mm.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL15717077T PL3131719T3 (pl) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Głowica narzędziowa i sposób wkładania i zaciskania płytki skrawającej oraz płytka skrawająca |
EP19206429.3A EP3623127A1 (fr) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Tête d'outil et procédé de positionnement d'une plaque de coupe dans le logement d'outil de la tête d'outil |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00569/14A CH709488A1 (de) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | Werkzeugkopf und Verfahren zum Einsetzen und Spannen einer Schneidplatte, sowie Schneidplatte. |
PCT/CH2015/000055 WO2015157871A2 (fr) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Tête d'outil et procédé pour la mise en place et le serrage d'une plaquette de coupe ainsi que plaquette de coupe |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19206429.3A Division EP3623127A1 (fr) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Tête d'outil et procédé de positionnement d'une plaque de coupe dans le logement d'outil de la tête d'outil |
EP19206429.3A Division-Into EP3623127A1 (fr) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Tête d'outil et procédé de positionnement d'une plaque de coupe dans le logement d'outil de la tête d'outil |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3131719A2 EP3131719A2 (fr) | 2017-02-22 |
EP3131719B1 true EP3131719B1 (fr) | 2020-02-12 |
Family
ID=50774599
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15717077.0A Active EP3131719B1 (fr) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Tête d'outil et procédé pour la mise en place et le serrage d'une plaquette de coupe ainsi que plaquette de coupe |
EP19206429.3A Pending EP3623127A1 (fr) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Tête d'outil et procédé de positionnement d'une plaque de coupe dans le logement d'outil de la tête d'outil |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19206429.3A Pending EP3623127A1 (fr) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Tête d'outil et procédé de positionnement d'une plaque de coupe dans le logement d'outil de la tête d'outil |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20170028583A1 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP3131719B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN106488835B (fr) |
CH (1) | CH709488A1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK3131719T3 (fr) |
LT (1) | LT3131719T (fr) |
PL (1) | PL3131719T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015157871A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CH709488A1 (de) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-10-15 | Oertli Werkzeuge Ag | Werkzeugkopf und Verfahren zum Einsetzen und Spannen einer Schneidplatte, sowie Schneidplatte. |
DE102014015199A1 (de) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-04-14 | Leitz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Messerkopf zur spanenden Bearbeitung von Werkstoffen und Messer hierfür |
DE102016204300A1 (de) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Werkzeugmaschinenvorrichtung |
US10528088B2 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2020-01-07 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Opening state detection of a foldable device using self-capacitance |
CH713020A1 (de) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-13 | Oertli Werkzeuge Ag | Messerkopf und Messerkopfsystem, insbesondere für eine Holzbearbeitungsmaschine. |
IT201800008191A1 (it) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-02-27 | Twt Srl | Dispositivo di fissaggio degli inserti taglienti di frese da taglio |
AT521821B1 (de) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-11-15 | Aigner Werkzeuge Ges M B H | Werkzeugkopf zur Bearbeitung von Werkstücken bei hohen Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten |
DE102019111986B3 (de) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-09-17 | Leitz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Schärfen eines in einen Messerkopf einsetzbaren Messers und Messerkopf mit geschärftem Messer |
TWI768610B (zh) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-06-21 | 林翔 | 刮刮卡用之刮削器具 |
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-
2014
- 2014-04-14 CH CH00569/14A patent/CH709488A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2015
- 2015-04-14 PL PL15717077T patent/PL3131719T3/pl unknown
- 2015-04-14 LT LTEP15717077.0T patent/LT3131719T/lt unknown
- 2015-04-14 CN CN201580019790.0A patent/CN106488835B/zh active Active
- 2015-04-14 DK DK15717077.0T patent/DK3131719T3/da active
- 2015-04-14 EP EP15717077.0A patent/EP3131719B1/fr active Active
- 2015-04-14 WO PCT/CH2015/000055 patent/WO2015157871A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-04-14 US US15/304,221 patent/US20170028583A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-04-14 EP EP19206429.3A patent/EP3623127A1/fr active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-01-02 US US16/733,108 patent/US11298851B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5647699A (en) * | 1995-07-17 | 1997-07-15 | Great Lakes Carbide Tool Manufacturing, Inc. | Rotary cutter head |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH709488A1 (de) | 2015-10-15 |
PL3131719T3 (pl) | 2020-08-24 |
DK3131719T3 (da) | 2020-05-18 |
CN106488835A (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
EP3623127A1 (fr) | 2020-03-18 |
WO2015157871A3 (fr) | 2015-12-03 |
US11298851B2 (en) | 2022-04-12 |
US20170028583A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
US20200130224A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
EP3131719A2 (fr) | 2017-02-22 |
CN106488835B (zh) | 2022-10-14 |
WO2015157871A2 (fr) | 2015-10-22 |
LT3131719T (lt) | 2020-05-25 |
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