EP3124664B1 - Maschenbildendes verfahren und vorrichtung - Google Patents

Maschenbildendes verfahren und vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3124664B1
EP3124664B1 EP15179093.8A EP15179093A EP3124664B1 EP 3124664 B1 EP3124664 B1 EP 3124664B1 EP 15179093 A EP15179093 A EP 15179093A EP 3124664 B1 EP3124664 B1 EP 3124664B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
system components
loop
spacer
forming
needle bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15179093.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3124664A1 (de
Inventor
Marco ANDREOLI
Stefano RIZZI
Martin Woernle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Groz Beckert KG
Santoni SpA
Original Assignee
Groz Beckert KG
Santoni SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PT151790938T priority Critical patent/PT3124664T/pt
Application filed by Groz Beckert KG, Santoni SpA filed Critical Groz Beckert KG
Priority to EP15179093.8A priority patent/EP3124664B1/de
Priority to CN201680044719.2A priority patent/CN108026676B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2016/067914 priority patent/WO2017017145A1/en
Priority to KR1020187005741A priority patent/KR102607933B1/ko
Priority to JP2018524547A priority patent/JP6911027B2/ja
Priority to US15/748,918 priority patent/US20190003090A1/en
Priority to TW105123932A priority patent/TWI605164B/zh
Publication of EP3124664A1 publication Critical patent/EP3124664A1/de
Priority to HK18109671.7A priority patent/HK1250251A1/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3124664B1 publication Critical patent/EP3124664B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/02—Knitting tools or instruments not provided for in group D04B15/00 or D04B27/00
    • D04B35/04—Latch needles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/06—Sinkers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/10—Needle beds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/02—Knitting tools or instruments not provided for in group D04B15/00 or D04B27/00
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/14—Needle cylinders

Definitions

  • Circular knitting machines Incular knitting machines, flat knitting machines or warp knitting machines belong to the most important types of these machines.
  • Knitting machines usually comprise at least one needle bed for supporting knitting tools. Needle beds of circular knitting machines are often called “cylinder” because of their cylindrical shape. In the present publication the impression “needle bed” refers to all kinds of devices that support knitting tools no matter if they are flat, cylindrical or whatever.
  • Knitting tools are for example needles, sinkers or the like. Knitting tools are parts of knitting machines that are directly involved in the loop forming process and hereby have contact to threads. The different knitting tools grasp, lead or hold down the threads. In the present publication all knitting tools are called "system components".
  • slider needles One kind of special system components are slider needles.
  • the publication DE 698 03 142 T2 shows a slider needle.
  • the respective slider's profile is u-shaped in the plane perpendicular to the slider's movement.
  • the two legs of the u-shaped sliders partially embrace the shank of the needle on which the respective slider is moved.
  • any leg of the sliders is partially arranged between the needle shank of the needle on which the respective slider slides and the adjacent needle or the adjacent needle shank.
  • the slider temporarily closes the opening for the thread inside the hook or carries the loop along the needle shank. In doing so the slider gets regularly in contact with the thread.
  • the publication EP 0 672 770 A1 shows a flat knitting machine for knitting a tubular knitted fabric.
  • One of the shown knitting machines uses two needles in one common groove.
  • the needles are provided with transfer elements as blades.
  • the said publication mentions that a spacer can be necessary to prevent interference between the needles caused by the transfer elements.
  • the spacer itself and its mode of operation are not described in more detail.
  • the publication DE 33 11 361 A1 shows a knitting machine comprising needles and sinkers for loop-forming that move in the same longitudinal direction.
  • Said knitting machine comprises a first cylinder placed in a lower region of the knitting machine where the needles are supported in channels.
  • the needles used have a very long shank so that the hook is always far outside the needle cylinder in an upward direction.
  • On top of the needle cylinder there is an additional cylinder for supporting the sinkers and the sinkers are short compared to the needles.
  • the aforementioned long shanks of the needles are on top of the trick walls of the channels of the cylinder for the sinkers and therefore between the sinkers.
  • the means for loop-forming of the needles and the sinkers commonly extend in a region of the knitting machine where loops are formed. Said region is located upside of the cylinder of the sinkers.
  • the needles and the sinkers are hereby at least partially separately guided in channels and thus the friction is reduced compared to an arrangement in which needles and sinkers are solely guided in common channels.
  • the application DE 197 40 985 A1 shows recesses on the flat sides of knitting needles or on the walls of channels of a needle bed.
  • the recesses are only provided in certain regions of the side faces of the knitting needles and not on the full length of the side faces of the needles.
  • the surface area of the contacting surfaces of the said elements of the knitting process is reduced.
  • the energy consumption and the heat generation in the machine are reduced.
  • the application EP1860219A1 shows knitting needles with a relatively thin shank.
  • Some of the figures of this publication show in a cross-sectional view that the needles are arranged askew or diagonally in the needle grooves so that only one of the two top corners and the opposing bottom corner of the needles' cross section touch the needle groove.
  • the surface area of the contacting surfaces is once again reduced so that the energy consumption of the system decreases. The heat generation is thus also reduced.
  • the DE610511B discloses two very similar types of needles. Both types comprise a thick (in the direction of the width of the needles) and stable rear part which carries the needle butts. The difference between the two needle types is that the first group is provided with a longer rear part than the other type.
  • the front parts of both types of needles, which support the hook, are relatively thin.
  • the front parts have the same length.
  • the DE610511B aims at reducing the costs for grinding the common long needle channels of the needle bed: These long channels are replaced by the above mentioned slots which only cover relatively small segments of the length of the needles.
  • this publication fails to teach a knitting device which is apt to the requirements of modern knitting processes: If the knitting beds shown in the DE610511B were subject to modern knitting velocities the needles would be bent.
  • the EP 672 770 A discloses a knitting machine with two "opposed" knitting beds of the same structure.
  • the needle beds contain pairs of first and second needles in one groove. Any pair of needles is provided with one sinker plate 15.
  • either the first or the second needles 81 and 82 take part in a knitting process.
  • the EP 2 578 733 shows "needles" which consist of a first hook main body part, a connection part, and a second hook main body part.
  • the first and the second hook main body part and the connection part are either "integrally manufactured” or “later joined and integrated”.
  • the whole needle is housed in a groove of a needle bed.
  • the application WO2012055591A1 shows a knitting machine which was constructed for the following purposes: High gauge, low manufacturing costs and low energy consumption.
  • This publication also shows groups of two needles which are in contact to each other during the knitting process (side-by-side needles): The rear part of these needles is placed in a joint needle channel so that segments of the side faces of these needles have contact with each other. In its front part this needle channel is bifurcated so that the front parts of the two needles of a needle bed are spaced away from each other. As a result, the front part of each needle is bent during its movements in its length direction. This fact causes wear and energy consumption. Moreover, it is not easy to bend needles with thick shanks.
  • Application WO2013041380A1 shows a knitting machine with improved actuation cams for the type of side by side needles shown by the aforementioned WO2012055591A1 .
  • the knitting machines can be manufactured at lower costs and they can produce high quality fabrics.
  • the publication's teaching has the same drawbacks as mentioned before.
  • inventive loop forming processes including inventive ones - a plurality of needles will be used for forming the respective loops.
  • One characteristic of the inventive loop forming process is that there is at least one groove which is provided with at least two system components. There can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or even more of these system components in one groove.
  • system components means textile tools which are provided with loop forming means like hooks or latches which are in contact with the yarn (or also called threads) and which actively take part in the loop forming process. Therefore the loop-forming means are preferably involved in the forming of loops at least for a period of time during the loop-forming process. Usually such system components are called needles or sinkers.
  • the inventive method uses a so-called spacer or spacing means in order to adjust the distance between the loop forming means of two adjacent system components which are moved or housed in one groove. Therefore the word "spacer” is a functional expression which denotes an additional part as well as an integral part which is made of one piece preferably with the respective system component's shank.
  • the spacer does not take part in or abstains from the loop forming process.
  • the distance between the loop forming means of two adjacent system components is a distance in the second direction (x) which corresponds to the direction of the width of the grooves.
  • x the second direction
  • the man-skilled in art will understand that this second direction could have a purely linear character if flat knitting machines are concerned.
  • the movements of system parts of circular knitting machines can - however - be described with cylinder coordinates (r, ⁇ , z). Therefore the direction of the width of the grooves of the channels has circular components ( ⁇ ).
  • the direction of the width of the grooves of all knitting machine types shall be denoted with "x" in the present publication.
  • the space between the loop forming means of the two adjacent system components is free of loop forming means which belong to or are actuated by system components of the same grove or even of the same needle bed.
  • the distance which is adjusted by the spacers or by means of the spacers is the width - or the extension in the second direction (x) - of the aforementioned free space between the loop forming means of two adjacent system components of one needle bed.
  • No loop forming means which is actuated by or part of a system component which is moved or housed in the same groove - or expressed in a wider way - which is housed in the same (first) needle bed interferes in this space.
  • loop forming means of other grooves - or broader - another second needle bed which is directed differently may interfere there and cooperate with the loop forming means of the first needle bed so as to form loops.
  • the first needle bed houses knitting needles.
  • the second needle bed houses sinkers which interfere in this space in order to hold down the previously formed loops so that the needles can form new loops.
  • the distance adjusted by the spacers is free of system components of the same groove or the same needle bed, so that the above definition still applies.
  • the grooves of the first and the second needle bed need to have a different direction so that the system components of the second needle bed or its grooves can cooperate in the way described above. Therefore another definition of the "distance" of the space defined by this distance could say, that there are no loop-forming means in this space or area of the loop forming zone, in which loop forming means which are moved in the same direction reach into.
  • the aforementioned spacer is moved together with one of said two adjacent system components.
  • "Moved together” means in the present context that the relative velocity between the spacer and the respective at least one system component is nil. It is possible to actively move the spacer this way, however, it is also possible to in any way connect these two elements (spacer and system component) so that they will not move with respect to each other.
  • the respective connection can transfer power between the spacer and the system component. Most advantageously the connection can sustain the amount of power necessary for the movement either of spacer or of the respective system component.
  • the respective connection can be made in several ways and the connection can be adjusted so as to sustain different amounts of power. Another definition for this point could be that the spacer is not relocatable or immovable with regard to the system component with which it is connected.
  • the spacer could also be part of and integral with said system component.
  • the spacer and the respective first system component with which it moves is at least temporarily moved inside a section of the groove in which the spacer and the second of the two adjacent components are in mechanical contact with each other.
  • the length of the section or the sections in which the spacer and the second of the two adjacent components and/or the spacer of the second system component are in mechanical contact with each other is equal to 70, 80, 90 or 95 % of the system component's length.
  • the spacers and the system components are the only components moved in the groove on the respective sections of the groove.
  • a different approach is to provide the side surfaces of system components with a plurality of spots or areas which adjust the distance between the system components. Therefore these spots are "elevated" with regard to the side surfaces in the x-direction.
  • the distance between the two spots which are provided with the biggest distance of said plurality of spots (in y-direction) of one side surface is at least equal to 70, 80, 90 or 95% of the system component's length.
  • Embodiments which have spots or areas of the kind described above on one system component should be provided with a smooth and/or even side surface on the adjacent side of the other adjacent system component.
  • spots or areas are either situated in different segments of the longitudinal extension of the two system components or the areas are provided with an even side surface so that the system components can still move with regard to each other when the side surfaces touch each other or are in mechanical contact with each other.
  • the spacers there are two spacers which are situated between the two adjacent system components.
  • the first spacer is connected with the first of the two system components and the second spacer with the second of the two system components.
  • the spacers could be in mechanical contact with each other.
  • that at least one spacer could also be in mechanical contact with the other system component with which it is not connected and/or with the other spacer.
  • Needle beds which have a plurality of grooves which are parallel to each other are advantageous. Most of the time “temporarily” means at least during a period of time during the loop forming process.
  • the distance between the loop forming means of two adjacent system components of one groove should be in relation with the gauge of the respective knitting machine. It should be at least half of the width of the loop forming means of the system components or even better it should be the full width of these loop forming means.
  • the system components perform periodic movements in the longitudinal direction which are caused by the relative movement of the respective needle bed with regard to cam holders:
  • the system components and spacers which are inserted in the grooves of a needle bed are provided with butts. These butts protrude out of the needle bed.
  • the aforementioned relative movement of the needle bed with regard to a cam holder forces the butts to move along a cam track which is formed by the cams.
  • Circular knitting machines are usually provided with cam holders which are fixed on the machine frame.
  • Flat knitting machines often use cam holders which are part of carriages which are moved with regard to the needle bed. In both cases there is a relative movement between cam holders and needle beds.
  • the loop forming means of adjacent system components of one needle bed perform their movements and therefore reach their extrema in their longitudinal direction with a certain delay.
  • this delay corresponds to the mechanical distance of the loop forming means of these two adjacent system components.
  • this distance - and therefore the respective delay - is related with the gauge. Therefore, the distance between the loop forming means of two adjacent system components which is adjusted by means of the spacer should be in the range between half of the width of the system component's loop forming means and their full width.
  • first velocity (vk) denotes the relative velocity between the needle bed and the machine frame which carries the cams.
  • the system components of the needle bed usually perform periodic movements in the longitudinal direction (y). These movements resemble harmonic functions and the system components reach minima and maxima (extrema) of their longitudinal position during these movements. It is advantageous if two adjacent system components reach their extrema with a delay of time. In embodiments with a good performance this delay should be bigger than half of a first quotient or more advantageously equal to said first quotient.
  • Said first quotient is the quotient of the distance between the loop forming means of the two adjacent system components in the second direction and the first velocity.
  • Another property is the distance between the loop-forming means in x-direction which is adjusted by the at least one spacer: It is in the same range or approximately the same as the width of the needle component's shanks.
  • the range can start with 0.7 times the width of the shank. It is however advantageous if the respective factor is 0.9 or 1.
  • Embodiments in which the two system components are provided with only one spacer which is immovably connected with one of said two adjacent system components have the following benefit: At least one specially shaped system component which is connected with or which includes the spacer could be the "first system component", whereas the (at least one) second system component could be a "standard needle” which is to say a needle which can belong to the state of the art.
  • the thickness of the specially shaped needle can be twice or 1.5 times the thickness of the "standard” needle.
  • the distance can be built up by the two spacers in different ways.
  • the distance in the second direction between the loop forming means of the at least two system components is equal to at least one distance between the loop forming means of two other adjacent system components of the needle bed in the second direction, whereby these two other system components are separated by an immovable wall of a groove of a needle bed.
  • a system component which is connected with the spacer can be manufactured out of the same piece as the spacer.
  • the "spacer” can also be a bend (or a plurality of bends) of the shank of the system component with which it is connected.
  • the "bend” is any kind of a deviation from an even extension of the shank in its longitudinal direction. Most of the time a shank with such bends would show a meandering or a zigzag pattern in the x-y plain.
  • each bend may comprise a portion of the shank of the system component with which it is connected. This portion is offset in the x-direction relative to the even extension of the system component's shank.
  • the spacer could consist of an additional part which has been connected in a mating process with a system component. In this case it is easier to provide the spacer with materials which are not present in the system components.
  • the shank of the system components can be a relatively conventional one, which means it can be a punched metal part.
  • the additional part could possess a side surface of graphite which would decrease friction with the adjacent system component of the respective spacer.
  • mating processes which could have its advantages in the present context.
  • the phrase "material” means in the present context that different elements and mixtures of elements can be used to manufacture system components and the respective spacer. Additionally and alternatively this phrase can mean that a spacer and the respective system component is manufactured with a different manufacturing method. These methods can include the use of plastics or other synthetic material for forming parts of the system components or above all the spacer.
  • System components which can be used with benefit in the present context possess a butt with a width which is smaller than the maximum combined extension of the shank and the spacer(s) with which the respective system component is immovably connected in the same second direction (x).
  • the maximum combined extension is the maximum distance of the side surfaces of the spacer and the respective system component which are directed in opposite directions.
  • the butt of a system component extends in the third direction which corresponds to the height direction of the shank and overtowers the shank.
  • the butt has its extension in the other two directions.
  • Preferable butts have a front part with a width which is smaller than the width of their middle part. This is to say the butts could also be wedge-shaped.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is the shape and the symmetry of the system units used.
  • system unit means a group of members or elements which are moved together during the loop forming process.
  • system units disclosed which consist of one spacer and one system component like a needle.
  • An interesting point is that the system units which consist of one spacer on one side of the system component are asymmetric with regard to a symmetry line which is parallel to the system components' side surfaces and which passes through the centre of the hook of this system component. Standard system components are symmetric with regard to the aforementioned symmetry line.
  • System units which consist of two spacers which are inmovably placed on the side surfaces of the respective system component can also be symmetrical with regard to the aforementioned symmetry line. As mentioned in the above paragraph it has advantages to provide such a system unit with a butt with a width which is smaller than the width of the system unit. Therefore one could also say that many inventive embodiments are provided either with a symmetrical system unit or with at least one system unit which is provided with two spacers (one on each side surface of the system component).
  • Figure 1 shows a needle bed 14 which is provided with grooves 16 which are delimited by immovable walls 15.
  • the grooves 16 of this first embodiment of a needle bed 14 there are two system components 11 and 12.
  • the power for the movement of the system components is transferred with butts 17 to the system components 11 and 12.
  • Each system component 11, 12 is provided with loop forming means.
  • the system components 11 and 12 are latch needles and therefore their loop forming means are hooks 20 and latches 24, which extend in a loop forming zone 19.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are about the same embodiment of the needle bed 14 and its system components 11, 12.
  • Figure 2 shows a system component 11 of the kind used in the needle bed 14 of figure 1 .
  • the system component 11 is a needle with a butt 17 and a shank 39.
  • the system component 11 is also provided with a spacer 10 with which it is immovably connected.
  • the spacer 10 and the shank 39 of the system component 11 are of one piece.
  • Figure 3 shows a section of the needle bed 14 of figure 1 in a cross-sectional view.
  • the distance 21 which is also the distance between the loop forming means 20, 24 of two adjacent loop forming components 11, 12 of one groove 16 is clearly shown.
  • the line 40 symbolizes the limitation between spacers 10 and shank 39 which does not really exist since these two members of the first embodiment are of one piece.
  • the first 11 and the second 12 system component are each provided with one spacer 10. These spacers 10 have the same width so that each of the spacers adjust half of the distance 21.
  • those spacers are of one piece with the shanks 39 of the system components 11, 12 with which they are immovably connected.
  • Figures 4 , 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the needle bed and its respective system components.
  • the only significant difference between the first and the second embodiment shown in this publication is that in the second embodiment two adjacent system components 11, 12 of one groove 16 are only provided with one spacer 10 which is immovably connected with the first 11 of the two system components.
  • This spacer 10 is once again of one piece with the system component with which it is connected.
  • the two spacers 10 are in contact with each other when the system components 11, 12 are moved in the grooves 16.
  • the first system component 11 is provided with a spacer 10 and the spacer 10 touches the second system component 12 when moved and even when the knitting machine does not work.
  • the segments 41 of the grooves 16 in which this condition applies are very long (more than 90 % of the system components' length.
  • Figure 7 shows a pair of system components 11, 12 which is very similar to the pairs of system components 11, 12 which are housed in the grooves 16 of the first embodiment: Both system components 11, 12 are immovably connected with one respective spacer 10. Unlike the needles of the first embodiment the needles shown in figure 7 are not of one piece with their respective spacer 10. Therefore, this spacer 10 is an additional part 38 which is mated with the shank 39 of the respective system component 11, 12 with several weld points 42. Therefore the line 40 has in figure 7 a very physical significance since it denotes the limitation between two members 11, 10, or 12, 10. In most cases the joints or connections of very similar materials could be welt points or welt lines. Solder points or lines can mate similar or at least slightly different materials like different metals.
  • Figure 8 shows two butts 17 of system components 11, 12 which pass through the passage 35 of a cam 18.
  • the reason for the butts' 17 passing through the passage 35 is the relative movement vk (see the respective pointer in figure 8 ) between cam holder and cams on one side and the needle bed 14 (not shown in figure 8 ) and system components 11, 12 with their butts 17 on the other side.
  • the cam 18 is not completely shown in figure 8 .
  • the limitations 48 of the passage 35 are however shown. They are surrounded by a hatching which symbolizes parts of the cam 18.
  • the viewer of figure 8 can see the two butts 17 through the passage 35 (the cam holder is for the viewer transparent) so that invisible parts of the system components shanks (the parts covered by the cam) have to be shown with broken lines.
  • Both butts 17 have an extension 45 in the first direction y.
  • the width 46 of the butts 17 in the end sections 43 is smaller than their width 47 in their middle sections 49.
  • This definition does not include end sections of state-of the art butts with rounded edges or edges which are in any other ways chamfered.
  • the aforementioned feature (different widths in different sections, see above) is advantageous with regard to any embodiment of the present invention. It is however even more advantageous with regard to embodiments which are equipped with butts which have a maximum width in the second direction x which is bigger than the extension of the respective system component's 11, 12 loop forming means 20, 24.
  • end sections 43 of the butt 17 with a width which is equal to the width of the loop forming means 20, 24. It is even more advantageous if there are sections in the middle part which are provided with a width which is equal to the maximum width of the system component and the spacer combined (in x direction). In most cases the end sections will have a somewhat wedge-shaped end. The very end section of the butts 17 could be rounded.
  • Figure 10 provides a plain view of a needle bed 14 which is equipped with system components 11, 12 which have the same butts which are shown in more detail in figure 8 .
  • system components 11, 12 which have the same butts which are shown in more detail in figure 8 .
  • a pair of system components 11 and 12 is housed in one groove 16 which is delimited by immovable walls 15.
  • the butts of the different system components are arranged with regard to each other as if they were passing a passage 35 of a cam 18 as the ones shown in figure 9 .
  • Figure 9 shows two cams 18. The second one is placed above the first one. Each of the cams 18 is provided with a passage 35 and a maximum 37. Figure 13 also shows two cams being arranged above each other. The maxima 37 of the two cams 18 are displaced or shifted in the second direction x with regard to each other. This shift 50 is a very advantageous possibility to adjust the delay between adjacent system components which are therefore driven by different groups of cams 18 whereby each of the groups defines one cam track.
  • the cams are fixed on a cam holder. Circular knitting machines usually have a cam holder which is fixed on the machine frame. Flat knitting machines are often provided with a carriage which performs a relative movement with regard to the needle bed.
  • the "distance" 50 shall be a linear distance in flat-knitting machines and a distance which comprises circular components in circular knitting machines. There are additional benefits if this measure is used with regard to needles which are provided with butts 17 which have a width in the second direction x which is equal or nearly equal to the combined joint width of spacer 10 and system component 11, 12.
  • Figure 11 once again shows a plain view of a third needle bed 14 in which pairs of system components 11, 12 are moved in one groove 16.
  • the said grooves 16 are once again delimited by immovable walls 15. It is necessary to emphasize that the present invention has also its benefits with regard to needle beds which house 3, 4, 5, 6 or even more system components.
  • the first system components 11 and the second system components 12 have their butts 17 in different longitudinal y positions. Hence the first and second system components 11, 12 are moved along different cam tracks.
  • the spacers 10 of the embodiment shown in figure 11 are bends 51 of the shanks of the respective system components 11, 12.
  • the bends 51 of the first system components 11 are in contact with the shanks 39 of the second system components 12 and vice versa. Therefore, no bend 51 or spacer 10 (which are the same in this embodiment) touches another spacer's surface and all spacers touch another's system components side surface.
  • Figure 12 shows a top view of a fifth needle bed 14. Needle beds of the kind shown in figure 12 are often used in circular knitting machines. In the case of circular knitting machines the needle bed 14 would also be called needle cylinder.
  • Figure 12 shows an example of a loop-forming process which takes place in the loop-forming zone 19. The needles 11, 12 and especially the hooks 20 and latches 24 take part in the loop forming process and therefore get in contact with the yarn 23. The sinkers 25 also get in contact with the yarn 23. The extension of the loops 33 in x-direction is symbolized by the brackets 33.
  • Figure 12 also shows some more details of the needles 11, 12 and the needle bed 14 which are well known to the man skilled in-the-art: The latches 24 are pivoted in the saw slot 26.
  • the latches 24 swing around the pivot 27 so that the interior of the hooks 20 is opened and closed for the yarn 23 by the latches 24.
  • the needles essentially move in the direction y of their shanks or of the grooves 16 of the needle bed 14.
  • the sinkers 25 essentially move in the direction z of the height of the shanks of the needles 11, 12.
  • the needle bed 14 is provided with slots 28 which look like teeth in the view provided by figure 12 .
  • the slots 28 guide the sinkers' 25 movements.
  • the spacers 10 move together with the system components 11, 12. They are mated with them with splints 44 which are symbolized by the dotted lines 44.
  • the spacers 10 are also devoid of loop forming means like hooks 20 and latches 24 and the like and do not take part in the loop-forming process.
  • the spacers essentially define the distance between two neighboring or adjacent system components 11, 12 and their loop-forming components 20, 24. Most of the time the sinkers 25 and the respective system components 11, 12 still have a certain distance, so that the distance between these system components 11, 12 is the sum of these distances and the sinkers' 25 width.
  • the areas of the loop-forming zone 19 which are situated between the loop-forming means 20, 24 of the system components 20, 24 of the first needle bed 14 are free from loop forming means which are part of or actuated by loop forming means of this needle bed.
  • the loop forming means of the sinkers 25 are part of the sinkers which are moved in the grooves of another needle bed.
  • the grooves of individual needle beds 14 are usually parallel to each other.
  • the immovable walls 15 and/or the shanks 39 of the system components 11, 12 and/or the spacers 10 have the correct width corresponding with the gauge of the respective needle bed 14.
  • the width of immovable walls 15 and/or the shanks 39 of the system components 11, 12 and/or the spacers 10 is (nearly) equal.
  • Figure 12 also provides a different possibility to define the distance between adjacent loop-forming means:
  • the numeral 52 denotes the distance between the centers of the hooks 20 of two adjacent system components. This distance 52 is (of cause) equal to the distance of two adjacent loops which are being formed by the respective hooks.
  • the man-skilled-in-the-art often calls this distance "pitch" (the pitch denotes this distance in millimetres whereas the gauge is the number of needles per inch). In most loop-forming methods and also in most loop-forming devices this pitch is even (all system components of one needle bed have the same distance with regard to each other). Otherwise the knitted fabric produced by such a machine would be perceived as uneven by the consumer.
  • Figure 14 provides a plain view of the first groove 16 of the needle bed 14 which is equipped with system components 11, 12.
  • Each of the system components 11, 12 is immovably connected with a spacer 10 by means of a weld point 42. Therefore one could also say, that the system component 11 and the spacer 10 with which it is immovably connected form a system unit 54. The same applies with regard to the other system component 12 and the respective spacer 10.
  • the line 53 is a symmetry line which is directed in the longitudinal direction y parallel to the side surfaces of the needles' shanks 39 and which crosses the centre of the needles' hook 20.
  • Figure 14 shows that the system component 11 is symmetrical with regard to the symmetry line 53.
  • This figure also shows that the system unit 54 which moves together during the loop-forming process is not symmetrical with regard to the line 53.
  • Figure 15 shows a slightly different excellent groove which is equipped with two system components 11, 12 and one spacer 10 which provides for the whole distance between the loop-forming means 20, 24 of the two adjacent system components 11, 12.
  • the respective spacer 10 is immovably connected by a plurality of weld points 53 (only one weld point is shown by figure 15 ) with the system component 11 so that the system components 11 and the spacer 10 once again form a system unit 54 which is moved together during the loop forming process.
  • the system component 11 is symmetrical with regard to symmetry line 53.
  • the unit 54 which is formed by the system components 11 and the spacer 10 is not symmetrical with regard to the aforementioned line 53.
  • the system component 12 can be a standard needle which is symmetrical to the other line 53 which cuts the respective system component in two halfs.
  • FIG 14 and 15 show that inventive embodiments are most of the time provided with system units which are not symmetrical with regard to symmetry line 53 which is parallel to the side surfaces of the respective system component 11, 12 and which crosses the centre of the hook 20.
  • figure 16 shows an exceptional embodiment of a further groove 16 which is delimited by the immovable walls 15 and the bottom of the groove 55.
  • the system component 11 which is placed in the middle of the groove and surrounded by two other system components 12 is immovably connected with two spacers 10 whereby each of the spacers 10 is placed on one of the system component's 11 two different side surfaces. Therefore the system component 11 and the two spacers 10 with which it is connected form another system unit 54.
  • This system unit 54 is symmetrical with regard to the symmetry line 53.
  • inventive embodiments shown in figure 16 can be equipped with system units (elements which form a unit which is moved together during the loop forming process) which are symmetrical with regard to the symmetry line 53.
  • inventive embodiments shown in figures 14 and 15 are provided with at least one system unit which is not symmetrical with regard to the symmetry line 53. This feature is generally of benefit for inventive embodiments.
  • Figures 14, 15 and 16 elucidate another property of the invention.
  • the grooves 16 are broader (possess a bigger width in the direction x) than state-of-the-art needle beds 14. Needle beds which are appropriate for the present invention have a width which is bigger 0,7 times the pitch 52, or even bigger than the pitch 52 are even bigger than 1 1 ⁇ 2 times the pitch 52.
  • the grooves which are provided with the aforementioned pitch can have a length which equals 95, 90, 85, 80, 70 or 60% of the system components' length.
  • the respective grooves are easy to clean and the oil consumption of the overall new device is smaller than in most state-of-the-art devices.
  • the broad grooves or channels are cheap and easy to grind (especially if a small pitch is required).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Maschenbildungsvorgang, die Folgenden Schritte umfassend:
    • mindestens zwei Systemkomponenten (11, 12) werden in einer Nut (16) eines Nadelbetts in Bezug zum Nadelbett (14) in eine erste Richtung (y), die deren Längsrichtung entspricht, bewegt,
    • die Systemkomponenten (11, 12) berühren Fäden (23), um mit ihren Maschenbildungseinrichtungen (20, 24) Maschen zu bilden und sind zumindest während eines Zeitraums während des Maschenbildungsvorgangs an der Maschenbildung beteiligt,
    • mindestens ein Abstandhalter (10) wird zwischen zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12), die in der Nut (16) bewegt werden, platziert,
    • wobei der Abstandhalter (10) zum Einstellen des Abstands (21) zwischen den Maschenbildungseinrichtungen (20, 24) der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12) in eine zweite Richtung (x), die der Richtung der Breite der Nuten (16) des Nadelbetts (14) entspricht, beiträgt, wobei der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) nicht am Maschenbildungsvorgang beteiligt ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    • dass der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) mit einer der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12) zusammen bewegt wird und damit unbeweglich verbunden ist,
    • und dass der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) zumindest zeitweise in einem Abschnitt (41) der Längsausdehnung (y) der Nut (16) bewegt wird,
    • wobei der Abstandhalter (10) und die zweite der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (12) in mechanischem Kontakt miteinander stehen und/oder wobei der Abstandhalter (10) mit einem zweiten Abstandhalter (10), der zusammen mit der zweiten (12) der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12) bewegt wird, in mechanischem Kontakt steht.
  2. Maschenbildungsvorgang nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    • dass das Nadelbett (14) in Bezug zu einem Nockenhalter der Strickmaschine mit einer ersten Geschwindigkeit (vk) bewegt wird, sodass Füße (17) der Systemkomponenten (11, 12) durch Nocken (18) verlaufen, die mit einem Nockenhalter der Maschenbildungsmaschine verbunden sind, wobei die Füße (17) die Kraft für die Bewegung der Systemkomponenten (11, 12) aufnehmen,
    • dass die Systemkomponenten (11, 12) periodische Bewegungen in ihrer Längsrichtung (y) durchführen und dass die Systemkomponenten (11, 12) bei diesen Bewegungen Minima und Maxima erreichen,
    • und dass die Maschenbildungseinrichtungen (20, 24) der ersten (11) und der zweiten (12) der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten die Minima und Maxima (37) ihrer Bewegungen mit einer Zeitverzögerung erreichen, die größer als die Hälfte eines ersten Quotienten oder vorzugsweise gleich dem ersten Quotienten ist,
    • wobei der erste Quotient der Quotient des Abstands (21) zwischen den Maschenbildungseinrichtungen der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten in der zweiten Richtung (x) und der ersten Geschwindigkeit (vk) ist.
  3. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung, Folgendes umfassend:
    • ein Nadelbett,
    • mehrere Systemkomponenten (11, 12), die Maschenbildungseinrichtungen (20, 24) umfassen und zumindest für einen Zeitraum während des Maschenbildungsvorgangs an der Maschenbildung beteiligt sind,
    • wobei das Nadelbett (14) mit mehreren Nuten (16) versehen ist, die sich in eine erste Richtung (y), die der Längsrichtung (y) der Systemkomponenten (11, 12) entspricht, erstrecken, wobei die Systemkomponenten (11, 12) beweglich in den Nuten (16) angeordnet sind und jede Nut mindestens zwei Systemkomponenten (11, 12) mit Maschenbildungseinrichtungen, die am Maschenbildungsvorgang beteiligt sind, aufnimmt,
    • mindestens einen Abstandhalter (10), der zum Einstellen des Abstands (21) zwischen den Maschenbildungseinrichtungen (24) zweier benachbarter Systemkomponenten (11, 12) einer Nut (16) in einer zweiten Richtung (x), die der Richtung der Breite der Nuten (16) des Nadelbetts (14) entspricht, beiträgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    • dass der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) an einer Position der Längsausdehnung (y) der Systemkomponenten (11, 12), die während des Maschenbildungsvorgangs zumindest zeitweise in einem Abschnitt einer Nut (16) aufgenommen ist, unbeweglich mit einer der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12) verbunden ist,
    • wobei der Abstandhalter (10) und die zweite Systemkomponente (12) in mechanischem Kontakt miteinander stehen und/oder wobei der Abstandhalter (10) mit einem zweiten Abstandhalter (10), der unbeweglich mit der zweiten der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (12) verbunden ist, in mechanischem Kontakt steht.
  4. Vorrichtung nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    nur eine der zwei Systemkomponenten (11, 12) mit einem Abstandhalter (10) versehen ist, der mit dieser der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12) unbeweglich verbunden ist.
  5. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach Anspruch 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die zwei Systemkomponenten (11, 12) mit zwei Abstandhaltern (10) versehen sind, wobei der erste Abstandhalter (10) mit der ersten (11) der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten unbeweglich verbunden ist und der zweite Abstandhalter (10) mit der zweiten (12) der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten unbeweglich verbunden ist.
  6. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach einem der Ansprüche 3-5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Abstand (21) in der zweiten Richtung (x) zwischen den Maschenbildungseinrichtungen (20, 24) der zwei Systemkomponenten (11, 12) der Nut (16) gleich mindestens einem Abstand zwischen den Maschenbildungseinrichtungen zweier anderer benachbarter Systemkomponenten des Nadelbetts (14) in der zweiten Richtung (x) ist,
    wobei diese zwei anderen Systemkomponenten (11, 12) durch eine unbewegliche Wand (15) einer Nut (16) eines Nadelbetts (14) getrennt sind.
  7. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach einem der Ansprüche 3-6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Abstand in die zweite Richtung (x), der durch den mindestens einen Abstandhalter (10) zwischen den Maschenbildungseinrichtungen (20, 24) der zwei Systemkomponenten (11, 12) eingestellt wird, in etwa gleich der Breite eines Kolbens (39) in der zweiten Richtung (x) mindestens einer der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12) ist.
  8. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach einem der Ansprüche 3-7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) mit der Systemkomponente (11, 12), mit der der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) unbeweglich verbunden ist, einstückig ausgebildet ist.
  9. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) eine Krümmung (51) des Kolbens (39) der mindestens einen der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12), mit der er unbeweglich verbunden ist, ist.
  10. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) eine Krümmung (51) des Kolbens (39) einer der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12), mit der er unbeweglich verbunden ist, ist, und dass mindestens ein Abschnitt der Seitenfläche der Krümmung (51), die der anderen benachbarten Systemkomponente (11, 12) zugewandt ist, parallel zur Fläche einer unbeweglichen Wand (15) der Nut (16), in der die jeweiligen Systemkomponenten (11, 12) aufgenommen sind, verläuft.
  11. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der mindestens eine Abstandhalter (10) ein Zusatzteil (38) ist, das in einem Verbindungsvorgang mit der einen der zwei benachbarten Systemkomponenten (11, 12), mit der er unbeweglich verbunden ist, verbunden wurde.
  12. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das mindestens eine Zusatzteil (38) Materialien umfasst, die in der Systemkomponente (11, 12) nicht enthalten sind.
  13. Vorrichtung zur Maschenbildung nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Verbindung zwischen dem Zusatzteil und der Systemkomponente (11, 12), mit der der Abstandhalter (10) verbunden ist, mindestens eines der folgenden Elemente umfasst:
    • einen Spleiß,
    • eine Schweißverbindung (42),
    • eine Lötverbindung bzw.
    • einen Splint (44).
EP15179093.8A 2015-07-30 2015-07-30 Maschenbildendes verfahren und vorrichtung Active EP3124664B1 (de)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15179093.8A EP3124664B1 (de) 2015-07-30 2015-07-30 Maschenbildendes verfahren und vorrichtung
PT151790938T PT3124664T (pt) 2015-07-30 2015-07-30 Método e dispositivo para a formação de laço
PCT/EP2016/067914 WO2017017145A1 (en) 2015-07-30 2016-07-27 Loop-forming method, device and system component
KR1020187005741A KR102607933B1 (ko) 2015-07-30 2016-07-27 루프 형성 방법, 디바이스, 및 시스템 구성 요소
CN201680044719.2A CN108026676B (zh) 2015-07-30 2016-07-27 成圈方法、装置以及系统部件
JP2018524547A JP6911027B2 (ja) 2015-07-30 2016-07-27 ループを形成するための方法、装置、及びシステム部品
US15/748,918 US20190003090A1 (en) 2015-07-30 2016-07-27 Loop-Forming Method, Device and System Component
TW105123932A TWI605164B (zh) 2015-07-30 2016-07-28 迴路形成的方法，裝置及系統組件
HK18109671.7A HK1250251A1 (zh) 2015-07-30 2018-07-26 成圈方法、裝置以及系統部件

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TWI605164B (zh) 2017-11-11
CN108026676B (zh) 2021-07-20
PT3124664T (pt) 2020-03-23
WO2017017145A1 (en) 2017-02-02
KR102607933B1 (ko) 2023-12-01
JP2018526542A (ja) 2018-09-13
EP3124664A1 (de) 2017-02-01
KR20180033284A (ko) 2018-04-02
JP6911027B2 (ja) 2021-07-28
HK1250251A1 (zh) 2018-12-07
US20190003090A1 (en) 2019-01-03
TW201718967A (zh) 2017-06-01

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