EP3117178B1 - Geschoss - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3117178B1
EP3117178B1 EP15715665.4A EP15715665A EP3117178B1 EP 3117178 B1 EP3117178 B1 EP 3117178B1 EP 15715665 A EP15715665 A EP 15715665A EP 3117178 B1 EP3117178 B1 EP 3117178B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
annular
projectile
orthogonal plane
angle
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15715665.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3117178A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Pichler
Christian Müller
Martin Emsenhuber
Bernhard Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hirtenberger Defence Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Hirtenberger Defence Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hirtenberger Defence Systems GmbH filed Critical Hirtenberger Defence Systems GmbH
Priority to MEP-2018-65A priority Critical patent/ME03050B/me
Priority to PL15715665T priority patent/PL3117178T3/pl
Priority to RS20180395A priority patent/RS57134B1/sr
Publication of EP3117178A1 publication Critical patent/EP3117178A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3117178B1 publication Critical patent/EP3117178B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/28—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the projectile wall being built from annular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/367—Projectiles fragmenting upon impact without the use of explosives, the fragments creating a wounding or lethal effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/24—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction with grooves, recesses or other wall weakenings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile with a projectile body, which has a recess for receiving explosives, wherein the projectile body at least partially has a cylindrical outer surface which is at least partially surrounded by a plurality of predetermined breaking points annular elements, wherein the predetermined breaking points in the decay of Element-forming splitter are predefined, and the splitter are connected to form the annular member in an annular connecting portion.
  • splinters of different masses are formed in a natural decay.
  • the disadvantage here is that splinters with very small mass only a small effect, splinter large mass have a very large radius of action, which often goes beyond the desired radius of action.
  • a plurality of rings are arranged one above the other to form a splitter shell, wherein the rings have inside cylindrical or triangular in cross-section recesses to determine the desired size of the splitter.
  • an annular splitter element for a hand grenade is known, the outside of which has two circumferential V-shaped recesses.
  • a similar embodiment with substantially gear-shaped rings is for example from the FR 2 523 716 A known.
  • EP 273 994 B1 a projectile with a plurality of rings, which have inside triangular recesses.
  • a bullet with a casing composed of rings is known, the rings in one embodiment having parallel surfaces angled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the bullet.
  • Comparable embodiments are further from the DE 37 216 19 A1 , of the US 2 413 008 A or even the US 8,276,520 B1 known.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a projectile of the type mentioned, in which the splinters are ejected from the projectile in such a way that the radius in which the splinters develop an effect is increased.
  • the annular elements were substantially disc-shaped, i. the cantilevered ends of the predefined splitter and the opposite end of the annular element to which the splitter is connected to each other were arranged in the same orthogonal plane. Due to this disc-shaped configuration known in the state of the art, the fragments are hitherto ejected substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the usually cylindrical section of the projectile body in the event of an explosion of the explosive received in the projectile body. Therefore, if in the case of a floor igniter, the projectile is projected at an angle of e.g.
  • At least a subset of the fragments in cross section are substantially rectilinear, ie not curved, formed, so that on the one hand the trajectory can be well determined;
  • the production of the annular elements can be achieved in a simple manner by prefabrication of initially annular discs be, in which then - at least a subset - the splitter from the plane of the splitter connecting annular connecting portion are bent.
  • annular elements are arranged at the same angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical portion of the projectile body, since preferably the arrangement of the annular elements is divided into at least two sections, wherein the Arrangement or alignment of the annular elements in the first section is reversed relative to the arrangement of the annular elements in the second section, or the annular elements in the two sections can be arranged in mirror image with respect to an orthogonal plane to the longitudinal axis of the rotationally symmetrical portion of the projectile body.
  • one subset of the splitter may include a first angle other than 90 ° with the orthogonal plane defined by the annular connecting section and another subset also one of 90 ° deviating second angle with the defined by the annular connecting portion orthogonal plane.
  • the second angle preferably corresponds in terms of magnitude to the first angle, but the inclination of the splitter is mirrored about a plane passing through an annular connecting section.
  • annular element has in each case two groups of splinters, which have different angles of inclination to the plane defined in the annular connecting section, so that in the explosion of the explosive in each annular element splinters are ejected in different directions.
  • the annular elements each have a plurality of grooves as predetermined breaking points.
  • a substantially disk-shaped, annular element can be produced, in which then grooves can be incorporated by means of stamping, milling, lasers or possibly also by (wire) erosion in order to produce a controlled fragmentation of the annular elements.
  • the grooves have a substantially rectangular cross-section.
  • the groove bottom of the substantially rectangular grooves can be designed differently. It is particularly advantageous if the grooves are introduced by means of wire erosion, since in this case the grooves can have a relatively small width and thus comparatively low material losses can be achieved in the production of the predetermined breaking points. It follows that due to the usually round wire cross-section, the grooves have an arcuate groove bottom.
  • the grooves have an acute-angled groove bottom.
  • annular elements with grooves or predetermined breaking points which are not apparent on the outer side of the annular elements, advantageously result.
  • the provision of an outer (protective) shell can thus advantageously be dispensed with.
  • the annular connecting portion has a substantially full-surface, outer circumferential surface, so that when superimposed such annular elements a substantially closed, preferably cylindrical outer surface results without additional measures would have to be taken.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the annular elements each have a non-90 ° angle with an upper and lower surface of the annular connecting portion, so that the Mantle surface is substantially parallel to the cylindrical almond surface of the projectile body.
  • annular elements are produced in particular as follows:
  • substantially planar annular discs are produced, in which then using the above Steps (eroding, punching, milling, etc.) predetermined breaking points are introduced, wherein an annular connecting portion remains. Subsequently, the cantilevered ends of the predefined splitter are bent out of the plane defined by the annular connecting portion, whereby the desired ejection direction is defined.
  • the sharp-edged triangular projections of the annular elements are advantageously removed, preferably in a turning process and after the annular elements have been bonded together, so that the desired substantially planar outer Lateral surface is achieved.
  • This can then be provided with a protective lacquer or the like known in the art.
  • the ground-level annular elements are ejected at a different angle than the ground-away annular elements, so that it is advantageous if a positioning ring is arranged between a first subset and a second subset of the annular elements , With the aid of the positioning ring, the annular elements can thus be subdivided in a simple manner into at least two subsets, preferably with different ejection directions.
  • the positioning ring to an orthogonal plane of the longitudinal axis of the rotationally symmetric portion of the projectile body has a sloping upper and lower contact surface, wherein the positioning ring is preferably designed mirror image about a central orthogonal plane of the longitudinal axis of the rotationally symmetric portion.
  • annular element for a projectile which has at least partially a plurality of predetermined breaking points, which are defined by the decay of the element forming splitter, wherein the freely projecting ends of the splitter at least partially in one common orthogonal plane to a longitudinal axis of the annular element are arranged, and this orthogonal plane is arranged deviating from an orthogonal plane defined by the annular connecting portion.
  • Fig. 1 is an inventive projectile 1 can be seen, which has a projectile body 2 with a rear part 3 and a blast pipe 4.
  • the blasting tube 4 in this case has a recess 5 for receiving the explosive and a subsequent recess 6 for receiving a (not shown) detonator.
  • a bottom igniter or a ground clearance igniter can be provided.
  • the blast pipe 4 has a substantially cylindrical shape, so that in a portion of the projectile 2, a rotationally symmetrical, cylindrical shell in the present case is formed on which easily accommodated a plurality of annular elements 8 can be.
  • the outer diameter of the cylindrical lateral surface 7 and the inner diameter of the annular elements 8 is in this case selected so that the annular elements 8 can be pushed or threaded in a simple manner with play on the substantially cylindrical tubular element.
  • a longitudinal axis 7 'of the cylindrical jacket surface 7 of the blasting tube 4 and a longitudinal or rotational axis 8' of the annular elements 8 essentially coincide.
  • annular elements 8 are divided into two groups or partial quantities 10, 10 'by means of a positioning ring 9.
  • all annular elements 8 are designed the same, but the spatial arrangement of annular elements 8 in the first group 10, which is arranged closer to the igniter receptacle 6, contrary to the arrangement of the annular elements 8 in the second subset or group 10 'is. This further improves the scattering angle of the splinters in the event of explosion, as explained in more detail below.
  • Fig. 1a is an alternative embodiment of the projectile according to the invention 1 can be seen, in which case a continuous convexly curved outer surface 16 is provided.
  • the lateral surface 16 is achieved in a central portion by arranging annular elements 8 with a substantially identical inner diameter, but different outer diameter, on a cylindrical lateral surface 7 of the blasting tube 4.
  • the outer diameter of the annular elements 8 is in this case selected such that advantageously in the region of the positioning ring 9, the projectile 1 has the largest diameter.
  • This convexly curved configuration of the outer lateral surface 16 advantageously results in a particularly favorable aerodynamics, which substantially corresponds to the aerodynamic design of other projectiles (without annular splinter elements).
  • the invention according to the desired increase in the scattering angle can be further promoted.
  • annular connecting section 11 is formed on the outside, from which a multiplicity of splinters 12, each with a cantilevered end 13, extends inwards.
  • the inventively embodied annular elements 8 unlike in The prior art known - not formed as a substantially flat, disc-shaped elements, but according to the invention, the annular elements 8 with respect to the orthogonal plane 11 'and also the lateral surface 7 of the blast pipe 4 slanted splitter 12 to the ejection direction of the splitter 12 at ignition of to change in the recess 5 provided explosives such that the number of effective splitter 12 is increased due to their ejection direction.
  • the annular elements 8 according to the invention are preferably made of annular discs, said annular discs for determining the inclination of the splitter 12 in the embodiment shown at an angle ⁇ of substantially 30 ° relative to an orthogonal plane 11 'and 13' then preferably by means of a Stamping process to be reshaped.
  • the desired groove shape can be produced in a particularly simple and efficient manner by means of punching.
  • the possible groove production methods are of course also related to the choice of material of the annular elements 8, wherein in the embodiment of the invention preferably a suitable iron material, which corresponds to the desired requirements in connection with the formation of splinters in terms of hardness and toughness, is selected.
  • a suitable iron material which corresponds to the desired requirements in connection with the formation of splinters in terms of hardness and toughness, is selected.
  • Such an iron material basically also has good punching capabilities.
  • the dimensions of the annular disc element, which serves as an intermediate for the annular elements according to the invention are chosen such that a cuboid Splitter design, particularly preferably a cubist splitter design, is achieved.
  • grooves 14 are produced with a substantially rectangular cross-section in a simple manner, wherein the groove base 15 'alternatively circular arc-shaped (see. FIGS. 2 to 4 ), acute-angled (cf. Fig. 5 ), or in a straight line (cf. Fig. 7 ) may be formed.
  • FIG. 6 A particularly material-saving production method was used in the Fig. 6 shown used in which grooves 14 with a relatively small cross-sectional width by means of wire erosion.
  • the grooves can of course also be produced by means of laser.
  • FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 shows a further alternative embodiment of the annular element 8, in which case the annular element 8 has two groups of splinters 12, wherein one group of the splinters 12 faces upwards relative to an orthogonal plane 11 'defined by the annular connecting section 11' and the other group of the Splitter 12 is bent down.
  • the different orientation of the splitter 12 is in this case chosen alternately, seen in the circumferential direction, so that advantageously the same design annular elements 8 can be intimately stacked in a twisted around a splitter 12 arranged alignment.
  • annular elements 8 in which the splinters 12 are bent in one direction only in relation to the plane 11 'defined by the annular connecting section 11, to allow different directions of ejection, in which the shaped elements 8 are arranged in different spatial directions Orientation to the cylindrical surface 7 are pushed.
  • the annular elements 8 of the group 10 ' which are arranged closer to the rear part 3 of the projectile 2, have a scattering angle ⁇ ' of magnitude preferably also about 0 ° to 70 ° to the orthogonal plane 13 ', but in the opposite direction.
  • the ejection angle of the splinters 12 increases further as the splinters move away from the positioning ring 9 or a median plane, so that advantageously an overall effective ejection angle of up to 140 ° results.
  • annular elements 8 in their assembled position form a substantially planar outer circumferential surface 16. Since the outer circumferential surface of the annular connecting portion 11 when embossing for the purpose of inclination of the splitter 12 are also initially arranged obliquely to the desired flat lateral surface 16, the annular elements 8 are preferably glued together and then sharp edged, in cross-section substantially triangular projections in a rotational process removed, so that the desired substantially flat lateral surface 16 is achieved. This can then be provided in terms of improved corrosion protection with a paint layer or the like.
  • annular elements 8 are provided with different angles ⁇ or partially disc-shaped elements in which the splitter substantially in the direction of an orthogonal plane on the longitudinal axis 8 'extend. It is only essential that at least some annular elements 8 are provided, in which the cantilevered ends 13 of the splitter 12 are arranged in a different orthogonal plane 13 'to the defined by the annular connecting portion orthogonal plane 11' to increase the scattering angle of the splitter 12 ,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP15715665.4A 2014-03-14 2015-03-10 Geschoss Active EP3117178B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MEP-2018-65A ME03050B (me) 2014-03-14 2015-03-10 Projektil
PL15715665T PL3117178T3 (pl) 2014-03-14 2015-03-10 Pocisk
RS20180395A RS57134B1 (sr) 2014-03-14 2015-03-10 Projektil

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50190/2014A AT515209B1 (de) 2014-03-14 2014-03-14 Geschoss
PCT/AT2015/050062 WO2015135013A1 (de) 2014-03-14 2015-03-10 Geschoss

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3117178A1 EP3117178A1 (de) 2017-01-18
EP3117178B1 true EP3117178B1 (de) 2018-01-31

Family

ID=52823962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15715665.4A Active EP3117178B1 (de) 2014-03-14 2015-03-10 Geschoss

Country Status (24)

Country Link
US (2) US10415939B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3117178B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP6375587B2 (pl)
KR (1) KR101915174B1 (pl)
AT (1) AT515209B1 (pl)
AU (1) AU2015230658B2 (pl)
BR (1) BR112016021064B1 (pl)
CA (1) CA2940739C (pl)
CL (1) CL2016002288A1 (pl)
DK (1) DK3117178T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2662978T3 (pl)
IL (1) IL247765B (pl)
ME (1) ME03050B (pl)
MX (1) MX378795B (pl)
MY (1) MY185509A (pl)
NO (1) NO3117178T3 (pl)
NZ (1) NZ724453A (pl)
PH (1) PH12016501730B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3117178T3 (pl)
RS (1) RS57134B1 (pl)
RU (1) RU2684795C2 (pl)
SG (1) SG11201607618XA (pl)
WO (1) WO2015135013A1 (pl)
ZA (1) ZA201605972B (pl)

Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT515209B1 (de) 2014-03-14 2015-07-15 Hirtenberger Defence Systems Gmbh & Co Kg Geschoss
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JP2017507313A (ja) 2017-03-16
ES2662978T3 (es) 2018-04-10
KR101915174B1 (ko) 2018-11-06
SG11201607618XA (en) 2016-10-28
AU2015230658B2 (en) 2019-05-16
ZA201605972B (en) 2017-08-30
RS57134B1 (sr) 2018-07-31
WO2015135013A1 (de) 2015-09-17
BR112016021064B1 (pt) 2021-02-23
NO3117178T3 (pl) 2018-06-30
RU2684795C2 (ru) 2019-04-15
EP3117178A1 (de) 2017-01-18
US20190041176A9 (en) 2019-02-07
US20180202783A1 (en) 2018-07-19
JP6375587B2 (ja) 2018-08-22
PH12016501730A1 (en) 2017-02-06
MX378795B (es) 2025-03-10
PL3117178T3 (pl) 2018-07-31
AU2015230658A1 (en) 2016-09-15
RU2016139462A3 (pl) 2018-09-19
AT515209A4 (de) 2015-07-15
US20190360789A1 (en) 2019-11-28
MX2016011623A (es) 2016-11-29
PH12016501730B1 (en) 2019-05-24
RU2016139462A (ru) 2018-04-17
CL2016002288A1 (es) 2017-01-20
IL247765B (en) 2019-02-28
CA2940739A1 (en) 2015-09-17
US10648783B2 (en) 2020-05-12
US10415939B2 (en) 2019-09-17
ME03050B (me) 2018-10-20
AT515209B1 (de) 2015-07-15
KR20160142841A (ko) 2016-12-13
DK3117178T3 (en) 2018-05-07
MY185509A (en) 2021-05-19
CA2940739C (en) 2022-07-26
NZ724453A (en) 2022-01-28

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