EP3067651A1 - Sechoir pour articles en ceramique - Google Patents

Sechoir pour articles en ceramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3067651A1
EP3067651A1 EP16158383.6A EP16158383A EP3067651A1 EP 3067651 A1 EP3067651 A1 EP 3067651A1 EP 16158383 A EP16158383 A EP 16158383A EP 3067651 A1 EP3067651 A1 EP 3067651A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
rotary drum
housing
air
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16158383.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Scharnagl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinen und Stahlbau Julius Lippert GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Maschinen und Stahlbau Julius Lippert GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102015106029.9A external-priority patent/DE102015106029A1/de
Application filed by Maschinen und Stahlbau Julius Lippert GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinen und Stahlbau Julius Lippert GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3067651A1 publication Critical patent/EP3067651A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/003—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/02—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle
    • F26B15/04—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle in a horizontal plane
    • F26B15/06—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle in a horizontal plane involving several planes, one above the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/02—Ceramic articles or ceramic semi-finished articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dryer apparatus for drying ceramic dry material, preferably for hard leather drying of ceramic green bodies.
  • Ceramic greenware dryer devices are used in the ceramics industry to treat greenware applied to gypsum molds, e.g. H. wet ceramic blanks to dry with hot air.
  • the green compacts are transferred during drying in the so-called leather-hard state in which they are easily detached from the plaster mold and have sufficient mechanical stability for further processing.
  • the US 1 743 643 shows a dryer for pottery with a rotatable about a vertical axis cup-shaped frame having a plurality of receiving pockets on which to be dried pottery can be arranged.
  • the receiving pockets are vertically spaced from each other, being heated by a burner heated dry air via a fan in the interior of the cup-shaped frame is introduced and flows through outflow openings to the outside.
  • the outflow openings are respectively arranged in the bottom of the receiving pockets, so that the dry air flows from above onto the pottery.
  • a drier for pottery consisting of a rotatable frame for receiving the objects to be dried on individual rack shelves.
  • the rotatable frame is enclosed in a housing such that only a limited number of shelves are accessible via the access point for the loading and unloading of the pottery at any given time.
  • the frame is gradually rotatable in the housing. After removing the dried pottery and loading the shelves with damp pottery, the frame is rotated one step. Since the shelves form the end parts of a conduit system for supplying heated drying air, the drying air at the access point emerges outwards and flows through a person performing the removal and charging.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a dryer apparatus for ceramic green compacts, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned and is inexpensive to produce.
  • the solution is a drying device for drying ceramic dry material, preferably for hard leather drying of ceramic green bodies.
  • the annulus is divided into N radial sections by being divided into N-1 drying sections and one feed section or N-N drying sections and n feed sections.
  • N-1 drying sections and one feed section or N-N drying sections and n feed sections There are provided designs with only one feed section. But there are also provided designs with multiple feed sections. In embodiments with multiple feed sections, it is preferably provided that only one feed section can be operated at the same time.
  • the further loading sections are then preferably closed by a door.
  • the solution according to the invention provides in this context that on the outer wall of the rotary drum in a sectional arrangement storage plates for receiving the dry matter are arranged.
  • each drying section is assigned a drying air circuit, preferably in each case a separate drying air circuit which is designed such that hot air is sucked out of the interior of the rotary drum via a circulation fan and in the drying section, preferably directly onto the material to be dried is blown and the drying air is recycled in the interior of the rotary drum.
  • the feed section is formed by the fact that the housing wall is formed open in the loading section and the charging section is not assigned a ventilation duct and / or no circulation fan for generating a drying circuit, which is formed, hot air from the interior of the Aspirate the rotary drum and blow it onto the material to be dried in the feed section.
  • the proposed drying device has the advantage that drying air entering the feed section is sucked off, so that no so-called "air hose” is formed which obstructs the loading of the drying device and / or impairs an operator. Additionally or alternatively, the proposed dryer device has the advantage that in the feed section no ventilation channels are present, but only the preferably a few mm thick Abstellbleche and here a generous space for manual loading and unloading is available.
  • Embodiments are possible which provide that the feed section is associated with a circulation fan and / or an exhaust fan, which sucks air out of the feed section and blows it outside or into the interior of the rotary drum.
  • a vent sucks air from the bottom of the rotary drum. Through the perforated plates of the rotary drum air is sucked from the sections back into the rotary drum.
  • the feed section is open, ie the air that is drawn in is fresh air needed to exchange the air One must dissipate moisture and the fresh air is "drier" than the discharged air.
  • the one or more of the drying sections bounding housing wall is formed as a main air duct or has a main air duct, which opens into at least one directed into the drying section side air duct, each having at least one outflow opening, which has a Shelf or more shelves is arranged.
  • the main air duct is connected to the circulating fan associated with the drying section, which blows hot air out of the interior of the rotary drum.
  • each drying section is assigned in each case at least one circulation fan and in each case at least one main air channel.
  • each main air duct has a plurality of respective side air channels arranged one above the other in corresponding floors.
  • the shelves on the outer wall of the rotary drum may be formed as an all-round storage rack.
  • the interior of the rotary drum is assigned a gas burner or another heating device which heats the air in the interior of the rotary drum and / or the air supplied into the interior of the rotary drum.
  • the heater may be another heat generator, such as steam or hot air from other processes, such as from a kiln.
  • Structurally particularly advantageous embodiments are that provide that the housing has a housing head plate on or on which the circulation of the dryer sections and / or the exhaust fan of the charging section and / or the gas burner is mounted.
  • the rotary drum has an end bearing ring on the end face facing the underframe, which is rotatably mounted on the underframe via wheels distributed on the circumference of the underframe.
  • the rotary drum may have a stepper drive whose pitch is 360 / N °.
  • the step size in a trained as a regular dodecagon rotary drum 30 °.
  • the stepper drive can be triggered, for example, by the operator by pressing a button.
  • Particularly advantageous embodiments are that provide that the rotary drum has a regular N-shaped floor plan, and / or that the housing has a regular N-shaped floor plan.
  • the storage shelves are arranged in floors, wherein at least N storage shelves are provided in one floor.
  • the shelves form an all-round shelf, so that, for example, two plaster molds can be arranged on this shelf per section.
  • each ten shelves are arranged in a section of the dryer device.
  • Each of the shelves can be designed to receive a plaster mold with lying dry material.
  • the dry material can be, for example, rotationally symmetrical or plate-shaped bodies.
  • the side air ducts are arranged above the storage plates at a distance which is greater than the height of the dry material or the combination formed from the plaster mold and the laid dry material.
  • the underside of the side air duct is designed as a tube nozzle field.
  • the underside of the side air channel can be arranged through sweeping tube nozzles. But it can also be provided to form the underside of the side air duct as a plate having through holes, wherein the diameter of the through holes corresponds to the inner diameter of the tube nozzle and the thickness of the plate corresponds to the length of the tube nozzle.
  • Adjacent tube nozzles may be arranged at a distance such that air cones formed from the dry air emerging from the tube nozzles slightly overlap one another.
  • the rotational speed of the circulation fan and / or the exhaust fan is adjustable or controllable.
  • the circulating fans are adjustable or adjustable, preferably either in speed or by louvers. It is thus possible to influence the drying intensity and it is thus also possible to influence the degree of drying in the individual drying zones and / or drying sections.
  • a humidity sensor is arranged in the side air duct and / or in the rotary drum.
  • the humidity sensor may be connected to the input of a control device whose outputs or their output is connected to a drive motor or an air valve of the exhaust fan.
  • a control device whose outputs or their output is connected to a drive motor or an air valve of the exhaust fan.
  • the exhaust fan can be with a speed control or damper affect the exhaust air flow and thus affect the amount of fresh air. With more or less air exchange then the relative humidity in the process space is influenced.
  • the Fig. 1 to 3 show a dryer apparatus 1 for ceramic greenware applied to plaster molds 2, which are dried in the dryer apparatus 1 by flowing hot air and thereby converted into a leather-hard condition.
  • the ceramic green compacts are hereinafter referred to as moist dry material 3 and the green-leathers transferred to the leather-hard condition are referred to below as leather-dry material 4.
  • the dry material 3, 4 is in the in Fig. 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment formed as a plate.
  • drying apparatus 1 is designed as a rotary shelf leather hard dryer, comprising a base frame 11, a rotary drum 12, a housing 13, circulating fan 14, an exhaust fan 15 and a gas burner 16th
  • the rotary drum 12 has on the lower frame 11 facing end face on a Stirnlagerring 12l, which distributed over the circumference of the lower frame 11 Wheels 11r is rotatably mounted on the base frame 11 (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the rotary drum 12 is formed in cross section as a regular dodecagon, wherein on the front side of each section thus formed ten shelves 12a are arranged in five superposed floors.
  • Each of the storage plates 12a is designed to receive a plaster mold 2 with wet moist dry material 3 or leather-hard dry material 4 (see FIG Fig. 2 ).
  • the moist dry material 3 is transferred into the leather-hard dry material 4 in one revolution of the rotary drum 12.
  • the shelves 12a can be designed as all-round round racks (360 °).
  • the rotary drum 12 has a in the Fig. 1 to 3 Stepper drive, not shown, which rotates the rotary drum 12 upon actuation of a button by an operator 17 by a rotational step of 30 °.
  • the housing 13 surrounds with a housing wall 13w the rotary drum 12.
  • the housing wall 13w is also formed as a regular dodecagon, but one of the thus formed sections of the housing wall 13w is formed as an open section in which the housing wall 13w is open.
  • the open section forms a feed section 1 b, in which the operator 17 takes out the leather-hard dry material 4 including the plaster mold 2 and then turns off moist dry material 3 together with the plaster mold 2 on the shelf 12 a.
  • the remaining eleven closed sections form drying sections 1t. It can also be used other dry material with other dimensions.
  • the housing wall 13w is formed in each case with a main air duct 13I, the main air ducts 13I being partitioned from one another by lateral partitions (see FIG Fig. 1 ).
  • Each main air duct 13l has an associated separate fan 14.
  • the main air ducts 13l are connected in their upper end portion to the outlet of a circulating fan 14, respectively.
  • the circulating fans 14 are arranged on a housing head plate 13k of the housing 13, the entrances of the circulating fans 14 being connected to through holes arranged in the housing head plate 13k.
  • the circulating fans 14 associated with the drying sections 1t thus suck in air from the interior of the drum 12 and blow them into the associated main air duct 13l.
  • the main air ducts 13l have radially directed to the central axis of the housing 13 side air ducts 13s, which are each arranged above the shelf plates 12a with a distance which is greater than the height of the gypsum mold 2 and the applied dry material 3, 4 combination. As Fig. 2 shows, only a small clearance space between the top of the side air duct 13s and the bottom of the adjacent tray 12a is formed.
  • the exhaust fan 15 is disposed on the housing head plate 13k in the portion covering the charging section 1b, the inlet of the exhaust fan 15 being connected to a through hole formed in the aforesaid portion of the housing head plate 13k, and the outlet of the exhaust 15 being formed so as to be in the ambient air blows off.
  • the exhaust fan 15 associated with the charging section 1b thus sucks air from the charging section and blows it into the ambient air.
  • a pipe can be mounted on the exhaust, so that the air can be released into the open air.
  • the gas burner 16 is arranged in the center of the housing head plate 13k and passes through the housing head plate 13k.
  • the gas burner 16 has a fan which blows the dry heated drying air leaving the gas burner 16 into the interior of the rotary drum 12.
  • the heated drying air provided by the gas burner 16 enters the first circulating fan 14 arranged downstream of the gas burner 16, which injects the drying air into the main air duct 13l arranged downstream of the first circulating fan 14.
  • the dry air is now passed via the side air ducts 13 s to the downstream moist dry material 3.
  • the bottom of the side air passage 13s is formed as a tube nozzle panel 13sr.
  • the lower side of the side air passage 13s are penetrated through tube nozzles 13sd.
  • the dry air emerging from the tube nozzles 13sd forms an air cone. It has proven a cone angle of about 17 °.
  • the distance between adjacent tube nozzles 13sd is chosen so that the air cones overlap slightly.
  • the dry air absorbs water by contact with the surfaces of the moist dry material 3 and the plaster mold 2 and cools down.
  • the wet, cooled dry air now passes through formed in the side wall of the rotary drum 12 through holes in the interior of the rotary drum 12 and mixes with the emerging from the gas burner 16 dry heated dry air.
  • This gas mixture of moist, cooled dry air and dry, heated dry air is fed back into the drying air circulation as described above by the circulation fan 14.
  • the above-described drying air circuit is not formed.
  • the exhaust fan 15 sucks the drying air entering the charging section 1b and removes it from the drying air circuit. At the same time, the exhaust fan 15 sucks in ambient air. Therefore, there is no "air hose" that could hinder the feed of the dryer device 1.
  • the degree of dryness of the wet dry material 3 can be set separately by, for example, varying the speed of the circulating fan 14 associated with the drying sections 1t. It is possible to set the speed of the circulating fan 14 in the sense of a control. But it is also possible to control the speed of the circulation fan, wherein a control signal from a arranged in the outgoing air from the side air ducts 13s drying air moisture sensor to the input a speed controller is set, which controls the humidity of the outflowing drying air to a predetermined setpoint.
  • 11 recirculation and 1 exhaust fan are present.
  • the exhaust can be used for humidity control.
  • a humidity sensor is advantageously arranged in the exhaust air.
  • the exhaust air is the actual process air. With more or less exhaust air, the relative humidity in the process room can be regulated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP16158383.6A 2015-03-11 2016-03-03 Sechoir pour articles en ceramique Withdrawn EP3067651A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015103603 2015-03-11
DE102015106029.9A DE102015106029A1 (de) 2015-03-11 2015-04-20 Trocknervorrichtung zum Trocknen von keramischem Trockengut

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3067651A1 true EP3067651A1 (fr) 2016-09-14

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Family Applications (1)

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EP16158383.6A Withdrawn EP3067651A1 (fr) 2015-03-11 2016-03-03 Sechoir pour articles en ceramique

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EP (1) EP3067651A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109520280A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-26 宝莲华新能源技术（上海）股份有限公司 一种双通道智能烘干机
CN109520281A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-26 宝莲华新能源技术（上海）股份有限公司 一种高温型双通道智能烘干机
CN114102823A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-03-01 福建省德化新艺美陶瓷有限公司 高强度透光薄胎白瓷及其制备工艺

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1743643A (en) 1929-06-20 1930-01-14 Albert C Ward Revolving drier
GB513539A (en) * 1938-04-12 1939-10-16 Boulton Ltd William Improvements in and relating to drying stoves for pottery and other goods
US2376095A (en) * 1942-10-15 1945-05-15 Davison Chemical Corp Dehydrating process
US2424213A (en) * 1943-02-12 1947-07-22 Swinnerton S Ltd Vulcan Potter Drying stove comprising relatively rotatable annular walls
GB644522A (en) * 1948-05-11 1950-10-11 John Wright Unsworth Improvements relating to pottery drying stoves
GB656952A (en) * 1949-01-15 1951-09-05 J And G Meakin Ltd Improvements in and relating to pottery drying stoves
GB701854A (en) * 1951-10-20 1954-01-06 William Hancock Improvements relating to drying apparatus for pottery ware and the like
DE1629107A1 (de) 1964-04-22 1971-01-21 Victoria Heating & Ventilating Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Toepfereiwaren

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1743643A (en) 1929-06-20 1930-01-14 Albert C Ward Revolving drier
GB513539A (en) * 1938-04-12 1939-10-16 Boulton Ltd William Improvements in and relating to drying stoves for pottery and other goods
US2376095A (en) * 1942-10-15 1945-05-15 Davison Chemical Corp Dehydrating process
US2424213A (en) * 1943-02-12 1947-07-22 Swinnerton S Ltd Vulcan Potter Drying stove comprising relatively rotatable annular walls
GB644522A (en) * 1948-05-11 1950-10-11 John Wright Unsworth Improvements relating to pottery drying stoves
GB656952A (en) * 1949-01-15 1951-09-05 J And G Meakin Ltd Improvements in and relating to pottery drying stoves
GB701854A (en) * 1951-10-20 1954-01-06 William Hancock Improvements relating to drying apparatus for pottery ware and the like
DE1629107A1 (de) 1964-04-22 1971-01-21 Victoria Heating & Ventilating Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Toepfereiwaren

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109520280A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-26 宝莲华新能源技术（上海）股份有限公司 一种双通道智能烘干机
CN109520281A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-26 宝莲华新能源技术（上海）股份有限公司 一种高温型双通道智能烘干机
CN114102823A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-03-01 福建省德化新艺美陶瓷有限公司 高强度透光薄胎白瓷及其制备工艺
CN114102823B (zh) * 2021-11-10 2023-08-04 福建省德化新艺美陶瓷有限公司 高强度透光薄胎白瓷及其制备工艺

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