EP3014184A1 - Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable - Google Patents

Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable

Info

Publication number
EP3014184A1
EP3014184A1 EP14734049.1A EP14734049A EP3014184A1 EP 3014184 A1 EP3014184 A1 EP 3014184A1 EP 14734049 A EP14734049 A EP 14734049A EP 3014184 A1 EP3014184 A1 EP 3014184A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow
glow plug
tube
electrical resistance
resistance element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14734049.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3014184B1 (fr
Inventor
Bruno CERON NICOLAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3014184A1 publication Critical patent/EP3014184A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3014184B1 publication Critical patent/EP3014184B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/004—Manufacturing or assembling methods

Definitions

  • Glow plugs also referred to as glow plugs, or abbreviated based on the English term "glow plug” with GLP, which are used in internal combustion engines to ignite a fuel-air mixture are preheated in the cold state before their temperature is sufficiently high that Furthermore, to reduce emissions after start-up, it may be necessary to continue to operate the glow plugs for at least some time to increase the temperature inside the combustion chamber.
  • Glow plugs generally comprise an electrical resistance element, also referred to as a heating resistor, which is designed as a combustion chamber-side heating coil and a control coil welded to the heating coil.
  • the electrical resistance element of an example metallic glow tube, or a protective tube, surrounded as an outer shell coaxially.
  • the projecting into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine portion of the glow tube is usually filled with an electrically insulating filler powder, such as magnesium oxide, in which the electrical resistance element is embedded.
  • the electrical connection is generally via a connecting bolt, which is electrically conductively connected to the control coil and the heating coil.
  • One end of the heating coil is electrically contacted with the glow tube, via which the current return to ground occurs.
  • a connector can be attached to the connection bolt.
  • the heating resistor is made of a suitable material comprising an alloy containing chromium, aluminum or the like in addition to the main components iron and nickel.
  • the pipe, in The heating resistor is accommodated, is usually made of an alloy containing as main constituents iron and nickel.
  • the heating coil forms the front part of the glow tube, the heating zone.
  • the rear part namely the control coil, has the property that with increasing temperature the resistance increases, i. the control coil has a high positive resistance temperature coefficient (PTC "Positive Temperature-Coefficient")
  • the heating coil has a high electrical resistance at room temperature, which remains almost constant over the operating temperature range.
  • control coil has a very low electrical resistance at room temperature, which increases steeply with increasing temperature.
  • Materials of the control coil are pure nickel or a cobalt-iron alloy or a cobalt-iron-nickel alloy.
  • a glow plug comprising a heating coil of a metal material containing tungsten or molybdenum as the main constituent, and which is accommodated in a tube consisting of an alloy containing 0.5 to 5.0 wt Contains aluminum and 20 to 40 wt .-% chromium, so as to be able to realize the highest possible temperatures of the heating resistor without this reaches its melting point and to ensure the temperature resistance of the tube.
  • a glow plug for arrangement in a combustion chamber of a
  • Resistive element is included, formed as Einstoff mindfull with a defined resistance temperature coefficient and recorded in a glow tube.
  • the electrical resistance element is heated by means of a dynamically changing drive voltage and / or maintained at a predetermined temperature, wherein a Temperature control of the glow plug over a determined resistance value.
  • the electrical resistance element contains at least one refractory metal and is gas-tight and corrosion-resistant welded to the glow tube.
  • Suitable materials for a corresponding electrical resistance element which are suitable for the specific electrical resistance and also show a high durability, include chromium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten but also nickel, titanium, rhenium and copper and their alloys.
  • the electric heating element contains at least one refractory metal as the main constituent, for example molybdenum or tungsten or their alloys.
  • nickel-chromium-iron alloys with more than 10 wt .-% nickel, more than 10 wt .-% chromium, more than 1 wt .-% aluminum and / or more than 0.5 wt .-% silicon. It is also possible, a nickel-chromium-iron alloy with 15 to 60 wt .-% nickel and / or 12 to 27 wt .-% chromium and / or 24 to 58 wt .-% iron and / or 0.1 to use 10 wt .-% aluminum.
  • molybdenum or tungsten prove to be involved
  • Suitable material compositions contain, in addition to iron and nickel as main constituents, proportions of aluminum and chromium.
  • a nickel-chromium alloy includes inter alia at least 1 to 10 wt% aluminum, 10 to 30 wt% chromium and 0.05 to 5 wt% silicon.
  • the material of the glow tube comprise more than 5% by weight of iron and / or more than 0.05% by weight of titanium and / or less than 0.2% by weight of copper and / or less than 0.5% by weight % Of carbon and / or less than 0.3% by weight of yttrium and / or less than 0.2% by weight of zirconium and / or less than 0.7% by weight of manganese.
  • a refractory metal as a material of the heating resistor, which allows correspondingly high temperatures of the filament, in combination with a metallic glow tube, makes special demands on the connection of the heating element to the glow tube.
  • a front end portion of the heating element formed as Einstoff mindfull is connected according to the invention with a front end portion of the glow tube.
  • Heating element designed as Einstoff Listel is introduced into the glow tube, wherein the front end portion, designed as Glührohrhals, the same is open.
  • the front end portion of the glow tube may be welded to at least a part of the heating element, so that the
  • Front end sections of glow tube and heating element material and thus electrically connected to each other.
  • the front end section of the electrical resistance element can be joined to the glow tube material by material bonding, for example by welding, for example by means of laser welding, and then the closing of the glow tube takes place in a further integral joining step.
  • the joints can be closed by means of soldering material.
  • Refractory metals have the property of oxidizing with oxygen, with the
  • the joints are largely gas-tight, especially against nitrogen and oxygen. Further, the distance is particularly the front end portion of the electric
  • Heating element relative to the outer surface of the front end portion of the glow tube of importance is related to the formation of the joint, which in turn depends on the chosen connection method.
  • the invention proposes to form the front end portion of the glow tube in the form of a Glührohrhalses, wherein the length of the Glührohrhalses is selected according to the specifications. Furthermore, the distance which corresponds at least twice the diameter of the filament formed to Einstoff Listel, important to make contact with the hot combustion chamber gases to the electric
  • the proposed solution according to the invention provides a glow plug that allows heat generation at extremely high temperatures, without it to a
  • the refractory metals proposed according to the invention as constituents of the heating element are characterized by extremely high melting temperatures, with low coefficients of thermal expansion and high temperature and current conductivity.
  • a control and / or regulation of the temperature of the glow plug can be achieved in a simple manner, since the refractory metals used in the operating temperature range of the glow plug allow a detectable relationship between measurable resistance and temperature.
  • the material of the glow tube is important.
  • a certain proportion of aluminum and chromium in the material composition of the glow tube is necessary in order to act as an oxygen scavenger element, in particular in the interior of the glow tube. Since the interior of the glow tube is sealed from the environment, the oxygen partial pressure in the
  • Glow tube interior can be effectively lowered. Further, an oxide film formed on the outer surface of the glow tube prevents further intrusion of oxygen
  • Oxidation resistance of the elements of the glow plug is improved. A sensitive coordination of the materials of the glow tube and the electrical
  • Heating element allows a long life of the glow plug while at the same time
  • the alloys or Materials of the glow tube can be processed excellently and are characterized by a high creep resistance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glow plug according to the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a detail of a schematic cross-sectional view of a glow plug according to a variant embodiment
  • Figure 3 is an illustration of the front end portion of a glow plug according to a
  • Figure 4 is an illustration of the front end portion of a glow plug, wherein
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a glow plug 10.
  • the glow plug 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes, inter alia, a substantially hollow-cylindrical glow tube 12 which is connected to a housing 14.
  • an electrical resistance element 16 which comprises a control coil 18 and a downstream, with the control coil 18 generally welded heating coil 20.
  • the substantially spirally formed Wderstandselement 16 is disposed coaxially with the glow tube 12 and preferably completely embedded in a filling powder 22 for mechanical stabilization and for electrical insulation.
  • the filling powder 22 may be, for example, magnesium oxide (MgO).
  • the control coil 18 and the heating coil 20 are electrically connected to each other via a contact pad 24, wherein they are connected in series.
  • a lower end of the heating coil (not designated) is electrically connected by means of a contact point 26 with a Glandohrendabites 28.
  • a likewise not designated end of the control coil 18 is electrically conductively connected by means of a further contact point 30 with a substantially cylindrical connecting bolt 32.
  • the connecting bolt 32 is made of an electrically conductive metallic
  • the contact points 24, 26, 30 may be formed as welding points.
  • a cap-shaped round plug 34 is screwed, which is also made of a highly conductive electrical material.
  • Rundsteckers 34 is an electrical connection of the glow plug 10 to a
  • housing seal 40 Another, disc-shaped Glizingohrabdichtung 42 is provided in the region of the glow tube 12.
  • the housing seal 40 and the Glizingohrabdichtung 42 are made of an electrically insulating, temperature-resistant material, wherein in addition to the electrical insulation function, a coaxial attachment of the connecting bolt 32 and the control and heating coil 18, 20 is ensured within the glow tube 12 and the housing 14 , variants
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of an embodiment of the glow plug 10 according to the invention.
  • a tip of the glow plug 10 is shown, which projects into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the glow plug 10 includes an incandescent tube 12 which is substantially coaxial with an electrical
  • Resistance element or a filament comprises, which is formed according to the embodiment of the invention as Einstoff Listel 44.
  • the single-material coil 44 combines properties of the heating coil 20 and the control coil 18 of FIG. 1 and is also referred to as Heating element called. Furthermore, the single-material coil 44 is embedded in the glow tube 12 in the electrically insulating filling powder 22. In Figure 2 is also with 42 the
  • the Einstoff mindfull 44 includes a filament, which is made of a uniform material and functions of the heating coil 20 is met.
  • the uniform material of the single-material coil 44 used has a resistor with PTC behavior.
  • the single-material coil 44 contains at least one refractory metal.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of the glow plug 10.
  • the glow tube is referred to, in which coaxially formed as Einstoff Listel 44 electrical resistance element is added.
  • the glow tube 12 has a front end portion 46, which in the illustration of Figure 3 is in the form of a glow tube neck 48 and is shown open, i. has an opening 49.
  • the Einstoff Listel 44 is in the form of a heating coil, which has different average pitches 52, 54. In particular, that portion of the Einstoff mindfull 44, referred to as
  • Front end portion 50 received in glow tube throat 48 has a smaller average pitch 54.
  • Glow tube 12 is connected, for example, is embedded in the material of the glow tube 12.
  • a piece of material can first be arranged, which is made of the same material as the glow tube 12 and the Glührohrhals 48.
  • Front end portion 50 of Einstoffchtl 44 is connected to the front end portion 46.
  • the single-material coil 44 is materially connected to the glow tube 12, in particular is embedded in the material of the glow tube 12.
  • FIG. 4 shows a joint 56 which, on the one hand, closes the opening 49 of the opening
  • Glow tube 12 corresponds and on the other hand represents the area of embedding the Einstoff Listel 44 in the material of the glow tube 12.
  • the front end portion 50 of the single-material coil 44 has a distance 60 from an outer tip 58 of the glow tube 12. To prevent that sensitive material of Einstoff mindfull 44 comes into contact with the hot combustion chamber gases, a sufficiently large 60 distance is necessary. This also takes into account that in the case of external corrosion of the glow tube 12 during the life, the wall thickness of the glow tube 12 decreases. Furthermore, it is of great importance that the joint 56 is gas-tight with respect to oxygen and nitrogen.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) utilisée dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile, comprenant un élément résistance électrique (16) logé dans un tube incandescent (12) et constitué d'un filament homogène (44) présentant un coefficient thermique de résistance défini, l'élément résistance électrique (16) étant chauffé et/ou maintenu à une température prédéfinie par une tension de commande variant de manière dynamique. En outre, le matériau de l'élément résistance électrique (16) comprend au moins un métal réfractaire et le tube incandescent (12) est fait d'un alliage nickel-chrome.
EP14734049.1A 2013-06-26 2014-06-18 Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable Not-in-force EP3014184B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310212283 DE102013212283A1 (de) 2013-06-26 2013-06-26 Glührohr für eine regelbare Glühstiftkerze
PCT/EP2014/062883 WO2014206847A1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-06-18 Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3014184A1 true EP3014184A1 (fr) 2016-05-04
EP3014184B1 EP3014184B1 (fr) 2018-08-08

Family

ID=51033160

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14734049.1A Not-in-force EP3014184B1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-06-18 Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3014184B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105308392B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013212283A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014206847A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6661229B2 (ja) * 2015-10-30 2020-03-11 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6587501B2 (ja) * 2015-10-30 2019-10-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6796957B2 (ja) * 2016-06-22 2020-12-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6794176B2 (ja) * 2016-08-23 2020-12-02 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
EP3333483B1 (fr) 2016-12-12 2020-08-12 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
JP6931566B2 (ja) * 2016-12-12 2021-09-08 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6996848B2 (ja) 2017-02-03 2022-01-17 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
EP3396250B1 (fr) 2017-04-24 2019-12-04 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
EP3396249B1 (fr) 2017-04-24 2019-10-09 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
EP3441672B1 (fr) * 2017-08-09 2021-05-19 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
DE102019127689A1 (de) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-15 Türk & Hillinger GmbH Elektrischer Rohrheizkörper mit Anschlussbolzen und Herstellungsverfahren für elektrische Rohrheizkörper mit Anschlussbolzen

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105308392A (zh) 2016-02-03
DE102013212283A1 (de) 2014-12-31
WO2014206847A1 (fr) 2014-12-31
CN105308392B (zh) 2017-07-18
EP3014184B1 (fr) 2018-08-08

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