WO2014202265A1 - Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pour régulation de la température d'incandescence - Google Patents

Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pour régulation de la température d'incandescence Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014202265A1
WO2014202265A1 PCT/EP2014/058664 EP2014058664W WO2014202265A1 WO 2014202265 A1 WO2014202265 A1 WO 2014202265A1 EP 2014058664 W EP2014058664 W EP 2014058664W WO 2014202265 A1 WO2014202265 A1 WO 2014202265A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
electrical resistance
glow plug
resistance element
weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/058664
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Albrecht Geissinger
Andreas Reissner
Bruno CERON NICOLAT
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to EP14720140.4A priority Critical patent/EP3011230A1/fr
Priority to CN201480035085.5A priority patent/CN105324610B/zh
Publication of WO2014202265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014202265A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • GLP Term "glow plug” abbreviated to GLP, which are used in internal combustion engines to ignite a fuel-air mixture are preheated in the cold state before their temperature is sufficiently high that it is sufficient for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture
  • GCU electrical glow control device
  • a glow plug has to an electrical resistance heater in the form of a
  • Glow wire which acts on the cold glow plug in a short period of 1 to 2 seconds with voltage such that reaches a temperature of more than 1000 ° C at the top of the glow plug. Differences are so-called 1 1 volt glow plugs, which are operated with battery or vehicle voltage + and
  • Heating voltage is, for example in a range of 4 to 7 volts. This gives the possibility to adjust or apply the temperature at different engine conditions.
  • the steady-state temperature of the glow plugs ie the operating temperature, is around 980 ° C.
  • the electric resistance heater generally comprises a combustion chamber-side heating coil and a control coil welded to one end of the heating coil, which are surrounded coaxially in the glow plug by a metallic glow tube or a protective tube as an outer shell.
  • the section of the glow tube protruding into the combustion chamber is usually filled with an electrically insulating filling powder,
  • connection pin which is electrically connected to the control coil and the heating coil. Another end of the heating coil is electrically contacted with the glow tube, via which the current feedback nach0 mass.
  • a connection plug can be attached to the connection bolt
  • Heating and control coil are electrically connected in o series, both coils have positive but different high temperature resistance coefficients.
  • the heating coil typically made of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, has a high electrical resistance at room temperature, which remains almost constant over the operating temperature range.
  • the control coil is usually made of pure nickel or a cobalt-iron alloy or a cobalt-iron-5 nickel alloy, wherein the electrical resistance at room temperature is very low and increases very steeply with increasing temperature.
  • Shunt plug a mathematical relationship between measured Temperatur5 and measured resistances in a reference operation of the internal combustion engine is recorded. This mathematical relationship is dynamically adjusted over the life of the glow plug. The behavior of the glow plug is measured in a reference mode in air or recorded by expensive and special temperature measuring candles. However, during operation in an engine compartment, an actual temperature of the glow plug differs by the influence of numerous boundary conditions, such as load, speed, outside temperature, diesel particulate regeneration, etc.
  • Motor vehicle comprising an electrical resistance element with a defined Wderstands temperature coefficient and formed as Einstoff Listel. It is further provided that the electrical Wderstandselement is heated by means of a dynamically changing drive voltage and / or maintained at a predetermined temperature. The drive voltage is dependent on a measured
  • the electrical Wderstandselement has a defined, positive Wderstands-temperature coefficient.
  • the inventive glow plug shows in an operating temperature range of 20 ° C to 1200 ° C preferably a linear behavior of the defined Wderstands- temperature coefficient.
  • the glow plug according to the invention is based on the detection of the electrical
  • the glow plug comprises an electrical Wderstandselement, designed as a helix, also referred to as Einstoff Listel, which combines the properties of a heating coil and a control coil in a single helix.
  • a material property important for the single-material coil is the specific electrical resistance and its dependence on the temperature.
  • Suitable materials which show suitable temperature dependencies with respect to the specific electrical resistance are alloys comprising inter alia constituents from a material group (a): niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten and their alloys and from a material group (b): chromium, nickel, titanium and their alloys.
  • the single-material coil is distinguished by a specific electrical resistance p, which in one embodiment, based on the material group (a), at a temperature of 20 ° C. is 0.1 + 0.06 mQ mm, for example, and with increasing temperature increases, wherein at 1000 ° C, the specific electrical resistance p a, for example, 0.5 + 0.2 mQ mm.
  • the specific electrical resistance p b based on the material group (b), at a temperature of 20 ° C, for example, 1 + 0, 1 mQ mm and at a temperature of 1000 ° C, the electrical resistivity of the helical material, for example 1, 25 + 0, 1 mQ mm increased.
  • molybdenum-titanium-zirconium alloys is molybdenum-titanium-zirconium alloys.
  • nickel-chromium-iron alloys with 19 to 60 wt .-% nickel, 14 to 25 wt .-% chromium, 24 to 58 wt .-% iron and 1 to 2.4 wt .-% aluminum.
  • Another example includes molybdenum or tungsten with up to 3 weight percent lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ), up to 3 weight percent thoria (Th0 2 ), up to 3 weight percent ceria (CeO 2 ), bis to 2 wt .-% yttria (Y 2 0 3 ), up to 30 wt .-% rhenium and up to 50 wt .-% copper (Cu).
  • Glow plug is located, as these only about 5 mm into a combustion chamber of a
  • the inventive method for controlling the temperature of a glow plug is based on a defined relationship between temperature and electrical resistance, which can be determined in Einstoff Listeln. A difference in resistance is determined from a measured resistance (R) and an input resistance (R 0 ). From the determined resistance difference (R - R 0 ) and the known Wderstands-
  • the glow time control device can be adapted to the respective glow plugs by means of a so-called teach-in phase.
  • an initial temperature (Ti) of the respective glow plugs can be adapted to the respective glow plugs by means of a so-called teach-in phase.
  • an initial temperature (Ti) of the respective glow plugs can be adapted to the respective glow plugs by means of a so-called teach-in phase.
  • Glow plugs at a certain voltage level (Ui) determined, which corresponds to an initial resistance (R ⁇
  • the solution according to the invention provides a heating device for regulating or controlling the temperature in an internal combustion engine, which provides the heating element in front of a
  • the PTC behavior of the heating element made of a uniform material complements with a dynamically changed drive voltage for controlling or controlling a glow plug.
  • the constant monitoring of the electrical resistance of the heating element or the Einstoffchtl allows control of the annealing temperature, which are adjusted by adjusting the drive voltage to different engine conditions. Accordingly, it is not necessary to take into account for the exact determination of the temperature in the engine compartment permanently values with respect to the combustion characteristics of the internal combustion engine, for example, the speed of the internal combustion engine, the amount of in the
  • the robustness of the glow plug is increased, but also by the constant monitoring of the electrical resistance is an opportunity to detect the aging of a glow plug and, if necessary, to detect a malfunction in a timely manner.
  • the temperature is dependent on a measured electrical
  • the measured electrical resistance forms a
  • a controlled annealing system generally provides increased protection of the glow plug, increasing service life and promoting combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber.
  • more stable combustion in the combustion chamber of a combustion engine can be achieved by a constant temperature, wherein improved exhaust gas values and a lower need for exhaust aftertreatment can be achieved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glow plug according to the
  • Figure 2 is a detail of a schematic cross-sectional view of a glow plug according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a specific electrical Wderstand - temperature diagram for
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a glow plug in a
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a glow plug 10.
  • the glow plug 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes, inter alia, a substantially hollow-cylindrical glow tube 12 which is connected to a housing 14.
  • an electrical resistance element 16 which comprises a control coil 18 and a downstream, with the control coil 18 generally welded heating coil 20.
  • the substantially spirally formed Wderstandselement 16 is disposed coaxially with the glow tube 12 and preferably completely embedded in a filling powder 22 for mechanical stabilization and for electrical insulation.
  • the filling powder 22 may be, for example, magnesium oxide (MgO).
  • the control coil 18 and the heating coil 20 are electrically connected to each other via a contact pad 24, wherein they are connected in series.
  • a lower end of the heating coil (not designated) is electrically connected by means of a contact point 26 with a Glandohrendabites 28.
  • a likewise not designated end of the control coil 18 is electrically conductively connected by means of a further contact point 30 with a substantially cylindrical connecting bolt 32.
  • the connecting bolt 32 is made of an electrically conductive metallic
  • the contact points 24, 26, 30 may be formed as welding points.
  • a cap-shaped round plug 34 is screwed, which is also made of a highly conductive electrical material.
  • Rundsteckers 34 is an electrical connection of the glow plug 10 to a
  • Glhackohrabdichtung 42 is provided in the region of the glow tube 12.
  • the housing seal 40 and the glow tube seal 42 are made of an electrically insulating,
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of an embodiment of the glow plug 10 according to the invention.
  • a tip of the glow plug 10 is shown, which projects into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the glow plug 10 also includes the glow tube 12, which comprises a filament substantially coaxially, which is formed according to the embodiment of the invention as Einstoff Listel 44.
  • the single-material coil 44 combines properties of the heating coil 20 and the control coil 18 of FIG. 1 and is also referred to as a heating element.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the radiator seal at 42.
  • Single-material coil 44 comprises a glow wire which is made of a uniform material and fulfills functions of the heating coil 20.
  • Single-material coil 44 has a resistor with PTC behavior.
  • FIG. 3 shows a specific electrical resistance (p) temperature (T) diagram of uniform materials suitable for the single-material coil 44.
  • FIG. 3 shows courses of the specific electrical resistance (p in mQ mm) with increasing temperature (T in ° C), where with 46 a range of a course of the specific electrical resistance p with increasing temperature of a material group (a) and with 48 a range of History of the specific Wderstands p with increasing temperature of a material group (b) is characterized. It can be seen that the specific electrical resistances of the material groups (a) and (b) increase with increasing temperature, wherein the specific electrical resistance values are in a range of values, bounded in each case by an upper line 50, 52 and a lower line 56, 58.
  • a temperature range 60 can be seen from FIG. 3, in which the sheathed-element glow plug 10 according to the invention is used.
  • the limits of the temperature range 60 are chosen such that on the one hand a sufficient annealing temperature can be achieved and on the other hand overheating of the glow plug 10 is avoided.
  • the material groups (a) and (b) differ by the absolute values of the specific electrical resistance (p) and their temperature response, or the course of the specific electrical resistance with increasing temperature.
  • Suitable materials for a single-material coil 44 include in the material group (a): niobium, molybdenum, tantalum and tungsten and their alloys and in the material group (b): chromium, nickel and titanium and their alloys.
  • FIG. 4 generally shows an annealing system 1.
  • the glow plug 10 protrudes into a combustion chamber 62 of an internal combustion engine 64, for example, a diesel engine.
  • the glow plug 10 is on the one hand connected to a Glühzeit Kunststoff Congress 66 and on the other hand leads to a vehicle electrical system voltage 68, the glow plug 10 with a voltage controls.
  • the glow time controller 66 is connected to an engine controller 70, which in turn leads to the engine 64.
  • the glow plug 10 is preheated in a push phase, which lasts 1 to 2 seconds, by the application of a voltage, or an overvoltage.
  • a voltage or an overvoltage.
  • Resistance element 16 of the glow plug 10 the electrical energy is converted into heat, so that the temperature at the top of the glow plug 10 rises steeply.
  • the fuel-air mixture is conducted past the hot tip of the glow plug 10 and heats up. Connected with the intake air heating during the compressor stroke of the internal combustion engine 64, the ignition temperature of the fuel-air mixture is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) utilisée dans un moteur à combustion interne (64) d'un véhicule automobile, comprenant un élément résistance électrique (16) présentant un coefficient de température de résistance défini, constitué d'un filament spiralé monosubstance (44). Une tension de commande, variant de manière dynamique, appliquée à l'élément résistance électrique (16), permet de chauffer ce dernier et/ou de le maintenir à une température prédéfinie.
PCT/EP2014/058664 2013-06-21 2014-04-29 Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pour régulation de la température d'incandescence WO2014202265A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14720140.4A EP3011230A1 (fr) 2013-06-21 2014-04-29 Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pour régulation de la température d'incandescence
CN201480035085.5A CN105324610B (zh) 2013-06-21 2014-04-29 用于预热温度调节的预热塞

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013211789.2A DE102013211789A1 (de) 2013-06-21 2013-06-21 Glühstiftkerze für Glühtemperaturregelung
DE102013211789.2 2013-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014202265A1 true WO2014202265A1 (fr) 2014-12-24

Family

ID=50624591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/058664 WO2014202265A1 (fr) 2013-06-21 2014-04-29 Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pour régulation de la température d'incandescence

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3011230A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105324610B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013211789A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014202265A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015221689A1 (de) 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizeinsatz zum Einsatz in einem Glührohr einer elektrisch beheizbare Glühstiftkerze
JP6796957B2 (ja) * 2016-06-22 2020-12-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
DE102016216963A1 (de) 2016-09-07 2018-03-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glührohr für eine Glühstiftkerze und Verfahren zur Herstellung

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4636614A (en) * 1983-06-13 1987-01-13 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Self-control type glow plug
US4934349A (en) * 1987-04-22 1990-06-19 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Glow plug controlling apparatus for a diesel engine
DE4029185A1 (de) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-19 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Gluehkerze
EP0648978A2 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-19 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Bougie à incandescence en céramique
EP0657698A2 (fr) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-14 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Bougie à incondescence et à autoréglage de courant
US5834736A (en) * 1994-04-22 1998-11-10 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Glow plug with porous PTC element impregnated with metal therein
DE10014526A1 (de) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-27 Gernot Hausch Selbstregelnde Schnellheizstabglühkerze
EP1193446A1 (fr) * 2000-09-26 2002-04-03 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie à incandescence
US20040206742A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-10-21 Fleming Circle Associates, Llc Glow plug
WO2009079530A2 (fr) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-25 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Bougie de préchauffage gainée
DE102008040971A1 (de) 2008-08-04 2010-02-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regeln der Temperatur von Glühstiftkerzen in einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP2410243A2 (fr) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-25 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
EP2587156A1 (fr) * 2010-06-22 2013-05-01 NGK Spark Plug Company Limited Bougie de préchauffage, procédé de production associé et dispositif de chauffage

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005029839A1 (de) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
JP2008157485A (ja) * 2006-12-21 2008-07-10 Denso Corp グロープラグ

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4636614A (en) * 1983-06-13 1987-01-13 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Self-control type glow plug
US4934349A (en) * 1987-04-22 1990-06-19 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Glow plug controlling apparatus for a diesel engine
DE4029185A1 (de) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-19 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Gluehkerze
EP0648978A2 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-19 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Bougie à incandescence en céramique
EP0657698A2 (fr) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-14 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Bougie à incondescence et à autoréglage de courant
US5834736A (en) * 1994-04-22 1998-11-10 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Glow plug with porous PTC element impregnated with metal therein
DE10014526A1 (de) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-27 Gernot Hausch Selbstregelnde Schnellheizstabglühkerze
EP1193446A1 (fr) * 2000-09-26 2002-04-03 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie à incandescence
US20040206742A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-10-21 Fleming Circle Associates, Llc Glow plug
WO2009079530A2 (fr) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-25 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Bougie de préchauffage gainée
DE102008040971A1 (de) 2008-08-04 2010-02-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regeln der Temperatur von Glühstiftkerzen in einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP2587156A1 (fr) * 2010-06-22 2013-05-01 NGK Spark Plug Company Limited Bougie de préchauffage, procédé de production associé et dispositif de chauffage
EP2410243A2 (fr) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-25 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage

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ANONYMOUS: "Temperature coefficient - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia", 21 May 2013 (2013-05-21), XP055126378, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20130521233436/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature_coefficient> [retrieved on 20140702] *
PLANSEE: "Molybdän (Mo) | PLANSEE", 25 May 2013 (2013-05-25), XP055126373, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20130525130817/http://www.plansee.com/de/Werkstoffe-Molybdaen-402.htm> [retrieved on 20140702] *
PLANSEE: "Wolfram (W) | PLANSEE", 25 May 2013 (2013-05-25), XP055126375, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20130525134447/http://www.plansee.com/de/Werkstoffe-Wolfram-403.htm> [retrieved on 20140702] *
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102013211789A1 (de) 2014-12-24
CN105324610B (zh) 2017-11-21
EP3011230A1 (fr) 2016-04-27
CN105324610A (zh) 2016-02-10

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