EP3014184B1 - Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable - Google Patents

Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3014184B1
EP3014184B1 EP14734049.1A EP14734049A EP3014184B1 EP 3014184 B1 EP3014184 B1 EP 3014184B1 EP 14734049 A EP14734049 A EP 14734049A EP 3014184 B1 EP3014184 B1 EP 3014184B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow
electrical resistance
glow tube
resistance element
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14734049.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3014184A1 (fr
Inventor
Bruno CERON NICOLAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3014184A1 publication Critical patent/EP3014184A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3014184B1 publication Critical patent/EP3014184B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/004—Manufacturing or assembling methods

Definitions

  • Glow plugs also referred to as glow plugs, or abbreviated based on the English term "glow plug" with GLP, which are used in internal combustion engines to ignite a fuel-air mixture are preheated in the cold state before their temperature is sufficiently high that it is sufficient for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture. Further, to reduce post start emissions, it may be necessary to continue to operate the glow plugs for some time to increase the temperature inside the combustion chamber.
  • Glow plugs generally comprise an electrical resistance element, also referred to as a heating resistor, which is designed as a combustion chamber-side heating coil and a control coil welded to the heating coil.
  • the electrical resistance element of an example metallic glow tube, or a protective tube, surrounded as an outer shell coaxially.
  • the projecting into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine portion of the glow tube is usually filled with an electrically insulating filler powder, such as magnesium oxide, in which the electrical resistance element is embedded.
  • the electrical connection is generally via a connecting bolt, which is electrically conductively connected to the control coil and the heating coil.
  • One end of the heating coil is electrically contacted with the glow tube, via which the current return to ground occurs.
  • a connector can be attached to the connection bolt.
  • the heating resistor is made of a suitable material comprising an alloy containing chromium, aluminum or the like in addition to the main components iron and nickel.
  • the pipe, in The heating resistor is accommodated, is usually made of an alloy containing as main constituents iron and nickel.
  • the heating coil forms the front part of the glow tube, the heating zone.
  • the rear part namely the control coil, has the property that with increasing temperature the resistance increases, i. the control coil has a high positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC "Positive Temperature-Coefficient" characteristic). With increasing temperature and thus increasing resistance value, there is a Abregeln the stream, which sets a defined end temperature. Heating and control coil are electrically connected in series, both coils have positive, but mutually different high resistance temperature coefficient.
  • the heating coil has a high electrical resistance at room temperature, which remains almost constant over the operating temperature range.
  • control coil has a very low electrical resistance at room temperature, which increases steeply with increasing temperature.
  • suitable materials of the control coil are pure nickel or a cobalt-iron alloy or a cobalt-iron-nickel alloy.
  • a glow plug comprising a heating coil made of a metal material containing tungsten or molybdenum as a main component, which is housed in a tube made of an alloy containing 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of aluminum and 20 to 40 Wt .-% chromium, in order to realize the highest possible temperatures of the heating resistor can, without this reaches its melting point and to ensure the temperature resistance of the tube.
  • a glow plug for arrangement in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle according to claim 1 is proposed.
  • the electrical resistance element is heated by means of a dynamically changing drive voltage and / or maintained at a predetermined temperature, wherein a Temperature control of the glow plug over a determined resistance value.
  • Suitable material compositions contain, in addition to iron and nickel as main constituents, proportions of aluminum and chromium.
  • a nickel-chromium alloy includes inter alia at least 1 to 10 wt% aluminum, 10 to 30 wt% chromium and 0.05 to 5 wt% silicon.
  • Further embodiments of the material of the glow tube comprise more than 5% by weight of iron and / or more than 0.05% by weight of titanium and / or less than 0.2% by weight of copper and / or less than 0.5% by weight % Of carbon and / or less than 0.3% by weight of yttrium and / or less than 0.2% by weight of zirconium and / or less than 0.7% by weight of manganese.
  • a front end portion of the heating element formed as Einstoff mindfull is connected according to the invention with a front end portion of the glow tube.
  • the heating element, designed as Einstoff mindfull is introduced into the glow tube, wherein the front end portion, designed as Glührohrhals, the same is open. Now, the front end portion of the glow tube is closed, wherein the front end portion of the heating element is at least partially embedded.
  • the front end portion of the glow tube may be welded to at least a part of the heating element, so that the front end portions of the glow tube and heating element are materially and thus electrically connected to each other.
  • the front end section of the electrical resistance element can be joined to the glow tube material by material bonding, for example by welding, for example by means of laser welding, and then the closing of the glow tube takes place in a further integral joining step.
  • the joints can be closed by means of soldering material.
  • the refractory metals suitable for the single-filament helix have the property of oxidizing with oxygen, whereby the heating resistance of the same deteriorates, it is important that the joints are largely gas-tight, in particular with respect to nitrogen and oxygen.
  • the distance, in particular, of the front end portion of the electric heating element relative to the outer surface of the front end portion of the glow tube of importance.
  • the distance is related to the formation of the joint, which in turn depends on the chosen connection method.
  • the invention proposes to form the front end portion of the glow tube in the form of a Glührohrhalses, wherein the length of the Glührohrhalses is selected according to the specifications.
  • the solution proposed according to the invention provides a glow plug which allows heat to be generated at extremely high temperatures without melting the electrical resistance element.
  • the refractory metals proposed according to the invention as constituents of the heating element are characterized by extremely high melting temperatures, with low coefficients of thermal expansion and high temperature and current conductivity.
  • a control and / or regulation of the temperature of the glow plug can be achieved in a simple manner, since the refractory metals used in the operating temperature range of the glow plug allow a detectable relationship between measurable resistance and temperature.
  • the material of the glow tube is important.
  • a certain proportion of aluminum and chromium in the material composition of the glow tube is necessary in order to act as an oxygen scavenger element, in particular in the interior of the glow tube. Since the interior of the glow tube is sealed from the environment, the oxygen partial pressure in the glow tube interior can be effectively lowered. Further, an oxide film formed on the outer surface of the glow tube prevents further penetration of oxygen, thereby improving the oxidation resistance of the elements of the glow plug.
  • a sensitive tuning of the materials of the glow tube and the electric heating element allows a long life of the glow plug while reducing costs, since the choice of material according to the invention provides a savings potential.
  • the contact to the negative terminal of the motor is produced by the mechanical and electrical contacting of the electrical resistance element to the metallic glow tube. It is particularly advantageous that embrittlement does not occur at the contact point between the electrical heating element and the glow tube, even at high temperatures and with a long service life.
  • the alloys or Materials of the glow tube can be processed excellently and are characterized by a high creep resistance.
  • FIG. 1 a cross-sectional view of a glow plug 10 forth.
  • Sheathed-element glow plug 10 shown includes, inter alia, a substantially hollow-cylindrical glow tube 12 which is connected to a housing 14.
  • an electrical resistance element 16 which comprises a control coil 18 and a downstream, with the control coil 18 generally welded heating coil 20.
  • the substantially spirally formed resistance element 16 is arranged coaxially to the glow tube 12 and preferably completely embedded in a filling powder 22 for mechanical stabilization and for electrical insulation.
  • the filling powder 22 may be, for example, magnesium oxide (MgO).
  • the control coil 18 and the heating coil 20 are electrically connected to each other via a contact pad 24, wherein they are connected in series.
  • a lower end of the heating coil (not designated) is electrically connected by means of a contact point 26 with a Glandohrendabêt 28.
  • a likewise not designated end of the control coil 18 is electrically conductively connected by means of a further contact point 30 with a substantially cylindrical connecting bolt 32.
  • the connecting bolt 32 is made of an electrically conductive metallic material.
  • the contact points 24, 26, 30 may be formed as welding points.
  • a cap-shaped round plug 34 is screwed, which is also made of a highly conductive electrical material.
  • an electrical connection of the glow plug 10 is created to a power distribution of an electrical supply system of a motor vehicle, not shown, which is connected, for example, with the positive pole of a battery and / or a generator.
  • the electrical insulation against the housing 14 is, inter alia, arranged below the circular connector 34 disc-shaped Insulating disc 38 and a frusto-conical housing seal 40.
  • Another, disc-shaped Glckenohrabdichtung 42 is provided in the region of the glow tube 12.
  • the housing seal 40 and the Glhackohrabdichtung 42 are made of an electrically insulating, temperature-resistant material, wherein in addition to the electrical insulation function, a coaxial attachment of the connecting bolt 32 and the control and heating coil 18, 20 is ensured within the glow tube 12 and the housing 14 ,
  • FIG. 2 a detail view of an embodiment of the glow plug 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • a tip of the glow plug 10 is shown, which projects into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the glow plug 10 includes an incandescent tube 12, which essentially coaxially comprises an electrical resistance element or a filament, which is formed according to the embodiment of the invention as Einstoff Listel 44.
  • the Einstoff Listel 44 combines properties of the heating coil 20 and the control coil 18 of FIG. 1 and is also called Heating element called.
  • the single-material coil 44 is embedded in the glow tube 12 in the electrically insulating filling powder 22.
  • FIG. 2 is also shown at 42 the radiator seal.
  • the Einstoff mindfull 44 includes a filament, which is made of a uniform material and functions of the heating coil 20 is met.
  • the uniform material of the single-material coil 44 used has a resistor with PTC behavior.
  • the single-material coil 44 contains at least one refractory metal.
  • FIG. 3 a detail of the glow plug 10 is shown.
  • the glow tube is referred to, in which coaxially formed as Einstoff Listel 44 electrical resistance element is added.
  • the glow tube 12 has a front end portion 46, which in the illustration of FIG. 3 is formed in the form of a Glührohrhalses 48 and is shown open, that has an opening 49.
  • the Einstoff Listel 44 is in the form of a heating coil, which has different average pitches 52, 54.
  • that portion of the single-material coil 44 referred to as the front end portion 50, which is accommodated in the Glührohrhals 48, has a smaller average pitch 54th
  • the glow plug 10 is shown with a closed front end portion 46.
  • the front end portion 50 of the Einstoff mindfull 44 is connected to the front end portion 46 of the glow tube 12, for example, in the material of the glow tube 12 is embedded.
  • a piece of material can first be arranged, which is made of the same material as the glow tube 12 and the Glührohrhals 48.
  • a cohesive joining process for example by arc welding, When the material piece is melted, the front end portion 46 is closed and the front end portion 50 of the single-material coil 44 is connected to the front end portion 46.
  • the single-material coil 44 is materially connected to the glow tube 12, in particular is embedded in the material of the glow tube 12.
  • a joint 56 which on the one hand corresponds to the closure of the opening 49 of the glow tube 12 and on the other hand represents the region of embedding the Einstoff mindfull 44 in the material of the glow tube 12.
  • the front end portion 50 of the single-material coil 44 has a distance 60 from an outer tip 58 of the glow tube 12. To prevent that sensitive material of Einstoff mindfull 44 comes into contact with the hot combustion chamber gases, a sufficiently large 60 distance is necessary. This also takes into account that in the case of external corrosion of the glow tube 12 during the life, the wall thickness of the glow tube 12 decreases. Furthermore, it is of great importance that the joint 56 is gas-tight with respect to oxygen and nitrogen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) destinée à être disposée dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile, comprenant un tube incandescent (12) et un élément de résistance électrique (16) reçu dans le tube incandescent (12), réalisé sous forme d'hélice en un seul matériau (44) ayant un coefficient de température de résistance défini, l'élément de résistance électrique (16) étant chauffé au moyen d'une tension de pilotage à variation dynamique et/ou étant maintenu à une température prédéfinie, le matériau de l'élément de résistance électrique (16) comprenant au moins un métal réfractaire et étant soudé de manière étanche aux gaz et résistant à la corrosion au tube incandescent (12), le matériau de l'élément de résistance électrique (16) étant choisi parmi les métaux réfractaires constitués par le molybdène ou le tungstène, caractérisée en ce que le matériau de l'élément de résistance électrique (16) comprend du molybdène ou du tungstène avec de l'oxyde de lanthane (La2O3).
  2. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le matériau de l'élément de résistance électrique (16) est de l'oxyde de cérium (CeO2) et/ou de l'oxyde d'yttrium (Y2O3).
  3. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'une portion d'extrémité avant (50) de l'élément de résistance électrique (16) est connectée à une portion d'extrémité avant (46) du tube incandescent (12).
  4. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la portion d'extrémité avant (46) du tube incandescent (12) est réalisée sous forme de col de tube incandescent (48) qui est fermé au moyen d'au moins un procédé de soudage de telle sorte que la portion d'extrémité avant (50) de l'élément de résistance électrique (16) soit connectée par liaison de matière et électriquement au tube incandescent (12).
  5. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une portion d'extrémité avant (50) de l'élément de résistance électrique (16) est espacée d'une certaine distance (60) par rapport à une pointe extérieure (58) du tube incandescent (12).
EP14734049.1A 2013-06-26 2014-06-18 Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable Not-in-force EP3014184B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310212283 DE102013212283A1 (de) 2013-06-26 2013-06-26 Glührohr für eine regelbare Glühstiftkerze
PCT/EP2014/062883 WO2014206847A1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-06-18 Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3014184A1 EP3014184A1 (fr) 2016-05-04
EP3014184B1 true EP3014184B1 (fr) 2018-08-08

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14734049.1A Not-in-force EP3014184B1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-06-18 Tube incandescent pour une bougie-crayon de prechauffage reglable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3014184B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105308392B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013212283A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014206847A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6661229B2 (ja) * 2015-10-30 2020-03-11 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6587501B2 (ja) * 2015-10-30 2019-10-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6796957B2 (ja) * 2016-06-22 2020-12-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6794176B2 (ja) * 2016-08-23 2020-12-02 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
EP3333483B1 (fr) 2016-12-12 2020-08-12 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
JP6931566B2 (ja) * 2016-12-12 2021-09-08 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6996848B2 (ja) 2017-02-03 2022-01-17 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
EP3396249B1 (fr) 2017-04-24 2019-10-09 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
EP3396250B1 (fr) 2017-04-24 2019-12-04 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
EP3441672B1 (fr) * 2017-08-09 2021-05-19 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage
DE102019127689A1 (de) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-15 Türk & Hillinger GmbH Elektrischer Rohrheizkörper mit Anschlussbolzen und Herstellungsverfahren für elektrische Rohrheizkörper mit Anschlussbolzen

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105308392B (zh) 2017-07-18
WO2014206847A1 (fr) 2014-12-31
EP3014184A1 (fr) 2016-05-04
DE102013212283A1 (de) 2014-12-31
CN105308392A (zh) 2016-02-03

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