EP1939527B1 - Bougie de préchauffage - Google Patents

Bougie de préchauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1939527B1
EP1939527B1 EP20070119036 EP07119036A EP1939527B1 EP 1939527 B1 EP1939527 B1 EP 1939527B1 EP 20070119036 EP20070119036 EP 20070119036 EP 07119036 A EP07119036 A EP 07119036A EP 1939527 B1 EP1939527 B1 EP 1939527B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receiving element
glow plug
heating element
pencil
ceramic heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20070119036
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1939527A1 (fr
Inventor
Eric Delhomme
Jens Schneider
Jacques Stephany
Patrick Gayrard
Simon Schmittinger
Alexander Klonczynski
Patrick Lacroux
Julien Waller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1939527A1 publication Critical patent/EP1939527A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1939527B1 publication Critical patent/EP1939527B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in a chamber of an internal combustion engine. Specifically, the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in a pre-vortex or combustion chamber of an air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • Such a glow plug is off WO-A-2007000372 known, in which a ceramic heating element is arranged in the interior of a metallic glow tube.
  • the ceramic heating element is connected on the one hand with a conical end portion with a first receiving element to the glow tube and on the other hand via a bolt-shaped end portion with a second receiving element of a Glühstromtechnisch. Between the two end portions, the ceramic heating element has a continuous cylindrical shape without a cross-sectional reduction.
  • a ceramic heating element is arranged in the interior of a metallic glow tube, which is connected on the one hand by means of a receiving element with the metallic glow tube and on the other hand by means of a further receiving element with a Glühstromzutechnisch.
  • the ceramic heating element has a cylindrical shape throughout.
  • At one off JP 57-12221 A bekante glow plug is embedded in a metallic glow tube, a heating element made of a cermet material in a ceramic insulating powder.
  • a known glow plug is a metallic heating coil embedded within a glow tube in a ceramic powder.
  • the ceramic powder contains a getter material capable of binding oxygen to reduce the tendency of oxidation on the surface of the heating coil.
  • the known glow plug has a plug housing, to which a connection device for a glow current can be connected. Furthermore, an incandescent tube is provided, which protrudes partially from the candle housing. Within the glow tube, a control coil and a heating coil are arranged. By supplying the glow current through the connection device, heating of the heating coil is achieved, which results in heating of the glow tube.
  • the from the DE 102 48 802 A1 known glow plug has the disadvantage that both the metallic heating coil and the control coil are damage and aging-prone. Specifically, the metallic heating coil limits the maximum temperature and life of the glow plug, whereby the range of application of the known glow plug is limited.
  • the glow plug according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a reduction of the thermal load in the region of the contact points is achieved.
  • heating of the heating element is mainly achieved in this section and the maximum temperature is reached in this section.
  • the receiving elements are preferably formed of at least one metallic material.
  • the occurring metal / ceramic contacts are made by plugging the two metallic receiving elements with the ceramic heating element.
  • a good match between a cone-shaped portion of the ceramic heating element and a cap of a receiving element is advantageously achieved in order to form the largest possible contact surface and thus the lowest possible contact resistance.
  • the occurring contacts are preferably non-positively and are permanently held over the longitudinal axis of the glow plug by compression or by means of a spring element, in particular a spring. This ensures reliable operation of the glow plug. Furthermore, a long life of the glow plug is possible.
  • the interior of the glow tube is sealed gas-tight.
  • the interior can be filled with a powder, in particular a stuffed packing made of a magnesium oxide, to isolate the ceramic heating element and the receiving elements relative to the electrically conductive, metallic glow tube.
  • at least one sacrificial material is provided in the interior, which serves for binding water and / or oxygen. Even with a correct assembly can still be a residual amount of oxygen and / or water in the interior after the gas-tight sealing of the glow tube.
  • the materials used magnesium oxide and process gas can deliver or have a residual amount of oxygen and / or water, which are trapped after assembly in the interior, which is a heating chamber, so to speak.
  • the sacrificial material provided in the interior serves to bind water and / or oxygen, so that it is permanently bound, as a result of which there are no longer any free water and oxygen gases in the interior space.
  • the embodiment of the sacrificial material can be done in several ways. It is advantageous that one or more sacrificial layers are provided, which are applied to an inner wall of the glow tube and / or the receiving elements. Furthermore, sacrificial grains and / or a sacrificial grit and / or a sacrificial powder may also be provided, which are admixed with the magnesium oxide used as filler and the like. For example, the blending amount may be 0.1 wt% to 5.0 wt%.
  • the grain size may be selected, for example, as d90, that is from a range of 0.001 mm to less than 1 mm.
  • the layer thickness of a sacrificial layer can be selected, for example, from a range of 1 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m.
  • the sacrificial material is formed from an easily oxidizable metal or an easily oxidizable metal alloy.
  • Suitable metals are, for example, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc and the like. This provides a cost effective solution for producing a sacrificial material.
  • At least one electrically conductive contact means between the ceramic heating element and the first receiving element is provided and / or that at least one electrically conductive contact means between the ceramic heating element and the second receiving element is provided.
  • the contact between the ceramic heating element and the respective receiving element can be improved.
  • at least one of the contact means is formed as a contact layer, at least partially applied to the heating element or the receiving element.
  • the surface of the heating element or of the respective receiving element can be reliably protected, as a result of which, in particular, corrosion is prevented or reduced and a low contact resistance is formed.
  • at least one contact means may be formed as a contact paste or as a contact powder, wherein the contact means between the receiving element and the heating element is provided. Also advantageous is a combination of these possibilities, firstly to prevent oxidation in the region of the ceramic heating element and the receiving elements and secondly to maintain a reliable electrical contact with a low resistance.
  • Fig. 1 shows a glow plug 1 in an axial sectional view.
  • the glow plug 1 can be configured in particular as a glow plug 1 for an air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • the glow plug 1 has a metallic glow tube 2, which in vor- and swirl chamber engines in the chamber of the internal combustion engine and in direct injection engines in a combustion chamber of the engine sticks out.
  • the glow plug 1 according to the invention is also suitable for other applications.
  • the glow plug 1 has a metallic housing 3, which includes, inter alia, a concentric through hole.
  • the metallic glow tube 2 is partially disposed within the concentric through hole of the housing 3 and projects at a chamber side opening 4 partially out of the housing.
  • the housing 3 also has an external thread 5, which serves for screwing the glow plug 1 in a bore of the internal combustion engine, wherein the housing 3 is connected in the mounted state of the glow plug 1 above the engine block with electrical ground. There are also other ways to connect the glow plug 1 with electrical ground possible.
  • a Glühstrom endeavour 6 is formed, which is connected at a remote end 7 with a connecting element 8, which serves for connecting a contact plug or the like.
  • a connecting element 8 which serves for connecting a contact plug or the like.
  • an electrically insulating insulating member 9 is provided, which electrically insulated the Glühstrom effet 6 relative to the housing 3, to prevent a short circuit.
  • the metallic glow tube 2 is connected by means of a sealing element 10 with the metallic connecting bolt 6, wherein the sealing element 10, the metallic glow tube 2 with respect to the metallic terminal pin 6 is electrically isolated.
  • the sealing element 10 may be formed, for example, viton and designed as an annular sealing element 10.
  • an inner space 11 is formed, which is closed by the sealing element 10 and thus sealed.
  • the metallic connecting bolt 6 extends partially into the inner space 11, the sealing element 10 enclosing the connecting bolt 6 in sections.
  • the sealing element 10 is preferably designed as a sealing ring 10 and formed of Viton, Teflon or boron nitride.
  • first receiving element 15 and a second receiving element 16 are arranged in the interior 11.
  • the first receiving element 15 is connected to a chamber-side end 17 of the glow plug 1 with the metallic glow tube 2 by welding.
  • the second receiving element 16 is connected to the metallic connecting bolt 6, wherein it can be pressed into a bore of the metallic connecting bolt 6.
  • the receiving elements 15, 16 receive a ceramic heating element 18, which is likewise arranged in the inner space 11.
  • the first receiving element 15 connects the ceramic heating element 18 with the glow tube 2.
  • the second receiving element 16 connects the ceramic heating element 18 with the metallic connecting bolt 6.
  • the ceramic heating element on the one hand electrically by means of the first receiving element 15 with the glow tube 2 and on the other hand by means of the second Receiving element 16 electrically contacted with the metallic connecting pin 6 and thus the connecting element 8.
  • the interior 11 is at least substantially filled with a stuffing of a powder, such as a powder of magnesium oxide, to allow a heat transfer from the ceramic heating element 18 to the metallic glow tube 2.
  • one or more sacrificial materials may be provided in the interior 11, as it is based on the Fig. 2 is described in detail.
  • the ceramic heating element 18 has a central portion 19, on which the ceramic heating element 18 is connected neither to the first receiving element 15 nor to the second receiving element 16. In the middle section 19, the ceramic heating element 18 has at least one hot spot 20 with a reduced cross-section, at which during operation of the glow plug 1, a particularly high heating is achieved.
  • connection element 8 By applying a voltage to the connection element 8 with respect to the electrical ground to which the metallic housing 3 is connected, a glow current is generated which flows, inter alia, through the ceramic heating element 18. This results in a heating of the ceramic heating element 18. The heat generated thereby is passed through the powder of magnesium oxide, with which the interior 11 is filled to the metallic glow tube 2, so that it comes to heating of the metallic glow tube 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows the in Fig. 1 labeled II section of the glow plug 1 according to an embodiment in an axial sectional view.
  • the ceramic heating element 18 is held by the receiving elements 15, 16, wherein the ceramic heating element 18 is inserted into the receiving elements 15, 16.
  • the second receiving element 16 is acted upon by a spring element 21 designed as a spring with a spring force, so that a reliable electrical contact between the first receiving element 15 and the ceramic heating element 18 and the second receiving element 16 and the ceramic heating element 18 is ensured.
  • the interior 11 is substantially filled with a stuffing of a magnesium oxide.
  • a stuffing of a magnesium oxide in the interior 11 after closing usually still water and / or oxygen, which in the operation of the glow plug 1, when the ceramic heating element 18 heats up, to corrosion, especially in the region of the contact point between the ceramic heating element 18 and first receiving element 15 and the second receiving element 16, can lead.
  • one or more sacrificial materials which serve to bind water and / or oxygen are also introduced into the interior 11.
  • an inner wall 22 of the metallic glow tube 2 is coated with a sacrificial layer 23 formed of a sacrificial material.
  • the sacrificial material used is especially elemental metals or alloys of readily oxidizable metals, for example of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc and the like. In this way, the residues of water and / or oxygen can be chemically bound by means of the sacrificial material, so that they are removed from the interior 11. Additionally or alternatively, a coating of the first receiving element 15 and / or a coating of the second receiving element 16, as illustrated by the sacrificial layers 24, 25.
  • one or more sacrificial grains and / or a sacrificial grit and / or a sacrificial powder may also be contained, which are each formed from at least one sacrificial material.
  • a sacrificial grit or a sacrificial powder is preferably admixed with the stuffed packing of magnesium oxide or the like. Accordingly, the sacrificial grains 30 are preferably embedded in the powder of magnesium oxide.
  • the sacrificial material provided in the form of the sacrificial grain 30, the sacrificial grit or the sacrificial powder also enables a permanent chemical bond of water or oxygen.
  • the ceramic heating element 18 has the middle section 19 and conical end sections 31, 32 adjoining the middle section 19.
  • the conical end sections 31, 32 serve for connecting the ceramic heating element 18 on the one hand to the first receiving element 15 and on the other hand to the second receiving element 16.
  • the conical end sections 31, 32 are at least partially coated with at least one contact layer 33, 34 in order to produce a reliable to allow electrical contact with the associated receiving elements 15, 16.
  • the receiving elements 15, 16 may additionally or alternatively be partially coated on a contact surface 35 or on a contact surface 36 with a contact layer in order to increase the electrical contact between the ceramic heating element 18 and the respective receiving element 15, 16 improve.
  • the contact layers 33, 34 also prevent corrosion of the ceramic heating element 18 in the region of its surface.
  • corrosion of the contact surfaces 35, 36 of the receiving elements 15, 16 is prevented by the coating of the contact surfaces 35, 36.
  • a respective contact paste 37, 38 or a contact powder 37, 38 between the ceramic heating element 18 and the respective receiving element 15, 16 may be provided.
  • the contact layers 33, 34 which are applied to the ceramic heating element 18, the coating of the contact surfaces 35, 36 which are provided on the receiving elements 15, 16, and the contact paste or the contact powder 37, 38 which between the ceramic heating element and the each receiving element 15, 16 are provided, represent advantageous embodiments of electrically conductive contact means which may be provided between the ceramic heating element 18 and the first receiving element 15 and the second receiving element 16 to a reliable, permanent electrical contact between the ceramic heating element 18 and to ensure two receiving elements 15, 16.

Claims (9)

  1. Bougie de préchauffage (1) destinée à être disposée dans une chambre d'un moteur à combustion interne avec un boîtier (3) et un tube de préchauffage métallique (2) qui sort en partie hors du boîtier (3), un élément chauffant céramique (18) étant disposé dans un espace interne (11) du tube de préchauffage (2), lequel est connecté d'une part au moyen d'un premier élément de réception (15) au moins de manière indirecte au tube de préchauffage (2) et d'autre part au moyen d'un deuxième élément de réception (16) au moins de manière indirecte à une conduite de courant de préchauffage (6), caractérisée en ce que l'élément chauffant céramique (18) présente une portion centrale (19) et, en position adjacente à la portion centrale (19), des portions d'extrémité coniques (31, 32), en ce que les portions d'extrémité coniques (31, 32) servent à la connexion de l'élément chauffant céramique (18) d'une part au premier élément de réception (15) et d'autre part au deuxième élément de réception (16), et en ce que l'élément chauffant céramique (18), dans la portion centrale (19) au niveau de laquelle l'élément chauffant céramique (18) n'est connecté ni au premier élément de réception (15) ni au deuxième élément de réception (16), présente au moins une zone de préchauffage (20) de section transversale réduite.
  2. Bougie de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'espace interne (11) du tube de préchauffage (2) est fermé de manière étanche aux gaz.
  3. Bougie de préchauffage selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    dans l'espace interne (11) est prévu au moins un matériau sacrificiel qui sert à la liaison de l'eau et/ou de l'oxygène.
  4. Bougie de préchauffage selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    dans l'espace interne (11) est prévue au moins une couche sacrificielle (23, 24, 25) qui est appliquée au moins en partie sur une paroi interne (22) du tube de préchauffage (2) et/ou en partie sur le premier élément de réception (15) et/ou sur le deuxième élément de réception (16), et en ce que la couche sacrificielle (23, 24, 25) est formée d'au moins un matériau sacrificiel.
  5. Bougie de préchauffage selon la revendication 3 ou 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    dans l'espace interne (11) sont prévus au moins un grain sacrificiel (30) et/ou au moins une semoule sacrificielle et/ou une poudre sacrificielle, qui sont formés d'au moins un matériau sacrificiel.
  6. Bougie de préchauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le matériau sacrificiel est formé d'un métal facilement oxydable ou d'un alliage de métaux facilement oxydable.
  7. Bougie de préchauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'au moins un moyen de contact électriquement conducteur (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38) est prévu entre l'élément chauffant céramique (18) et le premier élément de réception (15) ou le deuxième élément de réception (16).
  8. Bougie de préchauffage selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le moyen de contact est réalisé sous forme de couche de contact (33, 34, 35, 36), qui est appliquée au moins en partie sur l'élément chauffant (18) ou sur l'élément de réception (15 ; 16).
  9. Bougie de préchauffage selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le moyen de contact est réalisé sous forme de pâte de contact (35, 38) ou de poudre de contact.
EP20070119036 2006-12-22 2007-10-23 Bougie de préchauffage Not-in-force EP1939527B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610062215 DE102006062215A1 (de) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Glühstiftkerze

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1939527A1 EP1939527A1 (fr) 2008-07-02
EP1939527B1 true EP1939527B1 (fr) 2014-05-14

Family

ID=39135138

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20070119036 Not-in-force EP1939527B1 (fr) 2006-12-22 2007-10-23 Bougie de préchauffage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1939527B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006062215A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014220036A1 (de) * 2014-10-02 2016-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
DE102015205028A1 (de) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Maschine und Kontaktanordnung dafür

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5712221A (en) 1980-06-25 1982-01-22 Hitachi Ltd Glow plug for diesel engine
JPS5866720A (ja) 1981-10-15 1983-04-21 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd セラミツクグロ−プラグ
DE19756988C1 (de) 1997-12-20 1999-09-02 Daimler Benz Ag Elektrisch beheizbare Glühkerze oder Glühstab für Verbrennungsmotoren
DE10248802A1 (de) 2002-10-19 2004-04-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze mit stark verkürzter Regelwendel
DE102005030207A1 (de) 2005-06-29 2007-01-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006062215A1 (de) 2008-06-26
EP1939527A1 (fr) 2008-07-02

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