EP0049372B1 - Bougie pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Bougie pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0049372B1
EP0049372B1 EP81106944A EP81106944A EP0049372B1 EP 0049372 B1 EP0049372 B1 EP 0049372B1 EP 81106944 A EP81106944 A EP 81106944A EP 81106944 A EP81106944 A EP 81106944A EP 0049372 B1 EP0049372 B1 EP 0049372B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
spark plug
spark
plug according
electrically conducting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81106944A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0049372A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Hermann Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Friese
Rudolf Pollner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0049372A1 publication Critical patent/EP0049372A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0049372B1 publication Critical patent/EP0049372B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/34—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding

Definitions

  • Spark plugs of this type generally belong to the prior art (DE-OS 2404454, DE-PS 1 208 120), but have the disadvantage that, due to the use of completely different materials for the insulating body and central electrode, tension can occur between the two, which can damage the insulating body.
  • the spark plug according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that tensions between the central electrode and the insulating body and undesired sintering reactions when the central electrode and the insulating body are sintered together can be avoided, and thus a uniform quality of the spark plugs is achieved.
  • a further advantage is that the spark plug remains functional even after the electrically conductive layer on the original spark-over area has burned off, and the spark plug requires only a slightly higher ignition voltage because it then continues to work as a combined sliding spark-air spark spark plug.
  • spark plugs which are formed between the center electrode and the insulating body without a gap, are characterized by the fact that they a) have a very constant heat conduction over the service life and thus an unchangeable position of their working temperature range on average and b) have a larger working temperature range than spark plugs with a gap between the center electrode and the insulating body.
  • the measures listed in the subclaims permit advantageous developments and improvements of the spark plug specified in the main claim. It is particularly advantageous if the pin is made of the same material from which the insulating body is made, because then the shrinkage behavior when the center electrode and the insulating body are sintered together is ideal and the above-mentioned advantages are optimally exploited. Furthermore, an excellent interference wave suppression can be achieved in the design of the electrically conductive layer on the pin as a resistance element, because the resistance element is arranged very close to the spark gap; the electrically conductive layer can also be designed as a spark gap.
  • the spark plug 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 has a metallic housing 11, which has on its outside a screw thread 12 and a key hexagon 13 for the installation of the spark plug 10 in the internal combustion engine cylinder head, and with its inner bore 14 a large part of an essentially tubular insulating body 15 includes; the ignition-side end face 16 of this housing 11 carries a hook-shaped ground electrode 17.
  • the insulating body 15 has on its outside shoulders 18 and 19 with which it is fixed in the housing 11 with the interposition of sealing rings 20a and 20b.
  • a connecting pin 22 and a center electrode 23 are seated with their mutually facing ends firmly in an electrically conductive, known material, hereinafter referred to as sealant 24.
  • the connecting bolt 22 has at its connection-side end section a thread 25 for connecting a power cable, not shown, and at the opposite end section an anchor 26 for the sealing compound 24.
  • the center electrode 23 is provided with a head 27 with which it is in contact in the electrically conductive sealing compound 24 stands and which rests on a shoulder 28 in the insulating body longitudinal bore 21 and fixes the center electrode 23 in the longitudinal direction; this center electrode head 27 can also be equipped with elevations or depressions, not shown be, which ensure better anchoring with the sealing compound 24, but can also be omitted.
  • the ignition-side end surface 29 is flush with the insulating body end surface 30, but can also protrude from the ignition-side end of the insulating body 15 in some types of internal combustion engine or also protrude in the longitudinal bore 21 of the insulating body.
  • the center electrode 23 is composed of an electrically non-conductive pin 23/1 and an electrically conductive, erosion-resistant layer 31 covering this pin 23/1; While the pin 23/1 consists essentially of the same material (e.g. aluminum oxide) as the insulating body 15 and thus has the same shrinkage behavior when sintering together and also the same thermal expansion behavior as the insulating body 15, the layer 31 is preferably made of a metal -Ceramic mixture (e.g. platinum-alumina mixture), but can also only be made of a suitable metal such. B. exist platinum.
  • a metal -Ceramic mixture e.g. platinum-alumina mixture
  • the layer 31 is 0.05 mm thick, but it is mostly reinforced in the region of the ignition-side end section of the central electrode 23, in particular on the central electrode end face 29, but can also be omitted entirely in the region of the end face 29 in certain applications. Such a strengthening of the layer 31 can take place by means of so-called stoving preparations or plasma spraying.
  • the diameter of the center electrode 23 is dimensioned such that it fits without a gap into the ignition-side end section of the insulating body longitudinal bore 21 and forms a firm and tight connection when sintered together with the insulating body 15.
  • the electrically conductive layer 31 located on the cylindrical part of the pin 23/1 is provided with a helical groove 32 and thus forms a resistance element (without reference number), which is very close to the spark gap 33 and, consequently, excellent interference suppression causes.
  • the electrically conductive layer 31 can be applied directly as a coil or as a layer to the pin 23/1 according to a known method; Materials such as cermets, aluminum oxide with a platinum metal content, semiconducting oxide layers (for example Fe 2 0 3 / A1 2 0 3 ) with a platinum metal content can be used.
  • the electrically conductive layer 31 can be provided with a spark gap (not shown); all that is necessary is to provide the layer 31 with at least one interruption, which for example runs in a ring around the pin 23/1. If the pin 23/1 provided with the conductive layer 31 is sintered closely into the longitudinal insulator bore 21, the interruption must be filled with a porous layer (not shown); aluminum oxide, magnesium spinel or the like without flux can be used as the porous layer, for example.
  • a further embodiment is also possible for certain forms of application, namely the use and design of the spark plug as a sliding spark plug.
  • the ignition-side end section of the pin 23/1 is left uncovered by the electrically conductive layer 31; if there is a gap between the pin 23/1 and the longitudinal insulator bore 21 in the ignition area, it is not necessary to fill this area with a porous layer of aluminum oxide or glass, which is necessary, however, provided the pin 23/1 all around the insulator -Longitudinal bore 21 is interposed.
  • the central electrode 23 in the insulating body 15
  • a narrow gap (not shown) between the center electrode 23 and the longitudinal insulator bore 21 is possible.
  • the center electrode pin 23/1 can - if different materials for insulating body 15 and pin 23/1 are used - also be influenced in its shrinkage behavior by being pre-sintered slightly before sintering into the longitudinal bore 21 of the insulating body.
  • the pin 23/1 can be manufactured by extrusion, powder pressing or also by thermoplastic injection molding.
  • the spark plug 10 'shown in Fig. 2 differs from the spark plug 10 in Fig. 1 in that its central electrode 23' is provided with a head 27 'which is not inside the longitudinal bore 21 of the insulator, but as the ignition area on the igniter End surface 30 'of the insulating body 15' rests; due to the abutment of the head 27 'on the end face 30' of the insulator, the position of the center electrode 23 'in the longitudinal bore 21' of the insulator is also fixed.
  • the end face 29 'of the center electrode 23' is preferably also covered with an electrically conductive layer 31 '. Due to the larger diameter of the central electrode end face 29 'compared to the central electrode end face 29 of the spark plug 10 in FIG.
  • the fuel vapor / air mixture entering the spark gap 33' can be fired even more reliably.
  • the remaining structure and the attachment of the center electrode 23 'in the insulating body 15' essentially corresponds to the embodiment of the spark plug 10 shown in FIG. 1, the center electrode pin and the groove being designated by 23/1 'and 32', respectively.
  • a significant advantage of such a rejected relaxedep MiIT Q lelektrode 23 or 23 ' is that the Spark plug 10 or 10 'remains functional even if parts of layer 31 or 31' should have burned away because a so-called "combined melting and air spark gap" is then formed.
  • Such a combined glide and air spark gap requires only a slightly higher ignition voltage than the corresponding pure air spark gap.
  • center electrodes 23 or 23 'without a groove 32 or 32' located in the layer 31 or 31 ' i. That is, without combining the center electrode 23, 23 'with a resistance element, a resistance element, not shown, can be integrated into the electrically conductive sealant 24, 24', as described for. B. is known from German patent specification 2245 404. Otherwise, the embodiments of the resistance elements and spark gaps mentioned for FIG. 1 are also possible in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Bougie d'allumage pour moteurs à combustion interne, avec un boîtier métallique tubulaire, qui porte à son extrémité côté allumage une électrode de masse, et qui enserre de façon étanche, dans son alésage interne, un corps isolant comportant un perçage longitudinal dans lequel pénètre, côté raccordement, un axe de raccordement et qui contient un matériau électriquement conducteur en contact avec cet axe de raccordement, ce matériau conducteur comportant des proportions élevées de matière non métallique et étant en liaison électrique côté allumage avec une électrode médiane montée dans le corps isolant et séparée de l'électrode de masse par la section d'étincelle, bougie d'allumage caractérisé en ce que l'électrode médiane (23, 23') est une broche (23/1, 23/1') en un matériau non électriquement conducteur, revêtue au moins partiellement sur sa surface externe, d'une couche électriquement conductrice (31, 31'), le coefficient de dilatation thermique du matériau constituant cette broche (23/1, 23/1') correspondant au coefficient de dilatation thermique du corps isolant (15,15').
2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la liaison entre l'électrode médiane (23, 23') et le corps isolant (15, 15') est une liaison parfrittage.
3. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le matériau constituant la broche (23/1, 23/1') comporte lors du processus de frittage un comportement de retrait identique à celui du corps isolant ou susceptible de s'y adapter.
4. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la broche (23/1, 23/1') est constituée du même matériau que le corps isolant (15,15').
5. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la couche électriquement conductrice (31, 31') sur la broche (23/1, 23/1') est constituée d'un mélange céramique-métal.
6. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la broche (23/1,23/1') comporte dans sa partie d'extrémité côté raccordement, ou bien côté allumage, une tête (27, 27').
7. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la couche électriquement conductrice (31, 31') est renforcée sur la face frontale côté allumage (29, 29') ou bien sur la partie d'extrémité côté allumage de la broche (23/1, 23/1').
8. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la couche électriquement conductrice (31, 31') est réalisée sur une partie de la surface cylindrique de la broche (23/1, 23/1') sous la forme d'élément résistant.
9. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la couche électriquement conductrice (31, 31') sur une partie de la surface cylindrique de la broche (23/1, 23/1') comporte au moins une interruption jouant le rôle de pré-section d'étincelle.
10. Bougie J'allumage selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que l'interruption de la couche électriquement conductrice (31, 31'), jouant le rôle de pré-section d'étincelle, est remplie avec une couche poreuse.
11. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 ou bien 7 10, caractérisée en ce que la couche électriquement conductrlce (31) laisse non recouverte la partie d'extrémité côté allumage de la surface cylindrique de la broche (23/1
12. Bougie d'allumàge selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que la partie d'extrémité précitée, côté allumage de la surface cylindrique de la broche (23/1) porte une couche poreuse de céramique.
EP81106944A 1980-10-14 1981-09-04 Bougie pour moteurs à combustion interne Expired EP0049372B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3038720 1980-10-14
DE19803038720 DE3038720A1 (de) 1980-10-14 1980-10-14 Zuendkerze fuer brennkraftmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0049372A1 EP0049372A1 (fr) 1982-04-14
EP0049372B1 true EP0049372B1 (fr) 1984-02-22

Family

ID=6114332

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81106944A Expired EP0049372B1 (fr) 1980-10-14 1981-09-04 Bougie pour moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4406968A (fr)
EP (1) EP0049372B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5796483A (fr)
DE (2) DE3038720A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3144253A1 (de) * 1981-11-07 1983-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Zuendkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE3212770A1 (de) * 1982-04-06 1983-10-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum spaltfreien einbau von mittelelektroden in isolierkoerper von zuendkerzen fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE3619854A1 (de) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zuendkerze mit gleitfunkenstrecke
JPH02196612A (ja) * 1989-01-25 1990-08-03 Meisei Kinzoku Kogyosho:Kk 汎用型インジェクション・モールド用中央部金型支承構造
US5550425A (en) * 1995-01-27 1996-08-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Negative electron affinity spark plug
US6304023B1 (en) 1999-03-02 2001-10-16 Caterpillar Inc. Spark plug for an internal combustion engine having a helically-grooved electrode
BR0006701A (pt) * 1999-07-29 2001-04-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vela de ignição para um motor de combustão interna
US6509676B1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2003-01-21 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Spark plug construction for enhanced heat transfer
US7224108B2 (en) * 2001-02-15 2007-05-29 Integral Technologies, Inc. Low cost spark plug manufactured from conductive loaded resin-based materials
US7223144B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2007-05-29 Integral Technologies, Inc. Low cost spark plug manufactured from conductive loaded resin-based materials
JP4596700B2 (ja) * 2001-07-26 2010-12-08 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
US20050215160A1 (en) * 2004-03-29 2005-09-29 Kolp Colonel T Higher-performance spark plug and ramrod engine ignition system using piezo-electric enhancement components
US20060238964A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-10-26 Cho-Hsine Liao Display apparatus for a multi-display card and displaying method of the same
US7703428B2 (en) * 2007-09-13 2010-04-27 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd Spark plug and internal combustion engine in which the spark plug is disposed
US9231381B2 (en) 2008-08-28 2016-01-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Ceramic electrode including a perovskite or spinel structure for an ignition device and method of manufacturing
US8044561B2 (en) * 2008-08-28 2011-10-25 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Ceramic electrode, ignition device therewith and methods of construction thereof
US8044565B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2011-10-25 Federal-Mogul Ingnition Company Composite ceramic electrode and ignition device therewith
US9219351B2 (en) 2008-08-28 2015-12-22 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Spark plug with ceramic electrode tip
US8614541B2 (en) 2008-08-28 2013-12-24 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Spark plug with ceramic electrode tip
WO2012092432A1 (fr) 2010-12-29 2012-07-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Élément d'allumage à effet de couronne doté d'une commande d'espacement améliorée
EP2741382B1 (fr) * 2011-08-04 2018-09-05 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie d'allumage
JP6691379B2 (ja) * 2012-05-07 2020-04-28 フェデラル−モーグル・イグニション・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニーＦｅｄｅｒａｌ−Ｍｏｇｕｌ Ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ Ｌｌｃ 焼き嵌めセラミック中心電極
JP7125289B2 (ja) * 2018-06-29 2022-08-24 株式会社Soken 内燃機関用の点火装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1568621A (en) * 1920-07-06 1926-01-05 Ac Spark Plug Co Nonmetallic electrode for spark plugs
US1621581A (en) * 1923-10-02 1927-03-22 John M Clark Flame plug for internal-combustion engines
CH193725A (de) * 1936-12-29 1937-10-31 Meyer Hans Ludwig Friedrich Dr Zündkerze.
GB505085A (en) * 1937-10-28 1939-04-28 John Gabler Improvements in or relating to sparking plugs
US2265352A (en) * 1940-03-29 1941-12-09 Gen Motors Corp Spark plug
US2795723A (en) * 1954-03-03 1957-06-11 Sr Roy C Townsend Spark plug
FR1233513A (fr) * 1956-04-27 1960-10-12 Siemens Ag Bougie d'allumage
DE1626461B1 (de) * 1962-12-19 1970-10-29 Licencia Talalmanyokat Zündkerze
JPS5029833B2 (fr) * 1971-08-10 1975-09-26
US4081711A (en) * 1976-11-30 1978-03-28 Bernard Wax Spark plug
US4261085A (en) * 1977-12-14 1981-04-14 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Method of making an ignition plug insulator having an electrically conductive end

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4406968A (en) 1983-09-27
DE3038720A1 (de) 1982-06-03
JPS5796483A (en) 1982-06-15
DE3162383D1 (en) 1984-03-29
EP0049372A1 (fr) 1982-04-14
JPS633424B2 (fr) 1988-01-23

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