EP2900879A1 - Élément de construction et procédé de production d'un élément de construction - Google Patents

Élément de construction et procédé de production d'un élément de construction

Info

Publication number
EP2900879A1
EP2900879A1 EP13753867.4A EP13753867A EP2900879A1 EP 2900879 A1 EP2900879 A1 EP 2900879A1 EP 13753867 A EP13753867 A EP 13753867A EP 2900879 A1 EP2900879 A1 EP 2900879A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction element
construction
element according
transparent
interior
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13753867.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Seele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Seele Product Holding GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2900879A1 publication Critical patent/EP2900879A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
    • E06B3/5427—Fixing of glass panes or like plates the panes mounted flush with the surrounding frame or with the surrounding panes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • E04F13/0878—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer the basic insulating layer comprising mutual alignment or interlocking means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/145—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/96—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2002/001—Mechanical features of panels
    • E04C2002/004—Panels with profiled edges, e.g. stepped, serrated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0821—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements
    • E04F13/0826—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements engaging side grooves running along the whole length of the covering elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel construction element, which is particularly suitable as an outer wall for forming a building envelope, as a wall covering, as a partition, as a facade element but also as a roofing.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a construction element.
  • a mullion and transom façade is a façade system made up of load-bearing profiles. With the mullion and transom construction, relatively large openings but also entire façade surfaces can be produced. The construction is based on the combination of vertical post profiles (main profiles) and horizontal transom profiles, which together form a skeletal supporting structure. The load transfer takes place via the vertical posts. In a mullion-and-transom façade system, the infills may be either transparent or opaque. ken Material ien exist. Between the load-bearing facade scaffolding and the facade fields usually elastic sealing profiles are used.
  • the post-and-beam facade system on the construction site on site from individual parts artisanal and glazed there, or provided with the infills.
  • the present invention is based on the problem that, although the known post-and-beam facades are lightweight facade constructions compared to solid perforated facades, which also offer a significantly better exposure possibility, however, the structure and assembly of the skeletal support structure in particular, but also the onset of infills, especially the subsequent vitrification associated with relatively many steps on site and thus comparably time consuming.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a novel facade construction, which offers better exposure options and a much larger visual reference to the outside compared to solid perforated facades similar post-latch facades, however, significantly reduces the amount of manual work during installation shall be.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a structural element for cladding facades or roofs or for forming exterior walls or partitions of a building, which on the one hand has a high thermal resistance and at the same time draws maximum benefit from the available solar energy ,
  • the present invention relates in particular to a construction element, such as a prefabricated wall or an elemental façade, wherein this construction element is designed as a self-supporting and / or as a flat supporting sandwich element, which has an interior as well as double-sided glass cover layers and the interior defining cover layers from a glassy material.
  • cover layer is understood to mean a surface element made of glass or a vitreous material, in particular a single-pane safety glass pane (ESG) or a laminated safety glass pane (VSG).
  • the core of the sandwich element is a material with heat-insulating properties which is accommodated in the interior defined or bounded by the two-sided (glassy) cover layers.
  • the structure and operation of the construction element according to the invention differ significantly from the conventional mullion-transom façade, since it is in the present case a sandwich element, d. H. a construction product, which has two mutually frictionally connected glass cover layers and a heat-insulating core. Due to the frictional connection of the two cover layers, the cover layers together with a support structure integrated in the construction element act together under load, so that the construction element is to be regarded as a self-supporting element (surface support).
  • self-supporting element is generally understood to mean an element which, by virtue of its material and shape, is capable of bearing both its own load and all loads (eg snow, wind, internal air pressure) acting on the element
  • loads eg snow, wind, internal air pressure
  • the supporting structure formed by the vertical posts in conventional mullion-and-transom constructions is integrated within the structural element according to the invention so that it is no longer required for on-site erection
  • the construction element according to the invention in the form of a self-supporting sandwich element, in which the two-sided outer layers of glass or a glass-like material shear-resistant connected to each other via an integrated support structure, it is thus and a special form of solid wall construction, since the construction element prefabricated in panel construction over several storey heights and can be delivered to the site.
  • the attachment of the construction element is preferably made via fixed and sliding bearings.
  • the attachment of the construction element can be varied between a standing façade, where the camps are located below, and a hanging facade, with the fixed camps above.
  • the frictional and shear-resistant connection between the two cover layers is realized with the aid of a support structure integrated in the construction element.
  • This support structure is integrated and formed in the structural element in such a way as to form a supporting structure, that is to say to form a building structure constructed with the aid of at least one supporting profile, which serves for receiving and discharging attacking loads.
  • the loads of the construction element as well as all other loads introduced into the construction element, such as wind loads are considered as loads.
  • the support structure integrated in the construction element is joined to the inner surfaces of the two-sided outer layers defining the inner space in a shear-resistant manner, in which case in particular a cohesive connection (gluing) is used.
  • the support structure integrated in the construction element has at least one support profile which is integrated in the construction element and arranged between the cover layers of the construction element, that between the inner surfaces of the two-sided cover layers a predetermined or definable distance is defined. Depending on the desired thermal insulation behavior or other insulating properties is thereby the Distance adjusted between the inner surfaces of the outer layers. In practice, it has been found that a minimum distance of 50 mm is advantageous.
  • the two-sided, the interior of the construction element limiting and defining cover layers each as a surface element, in particular monolithic surface element a (single) glass material or a (single) glasar- term material are formed, in which context it has turned out to be particularly advantageous if the two surface elements are designed without material interfaces and seamless.
  • the design element is not or only insignificantly influenced by weathering in terms of its functionality.
  • the formation of the cover layers of the construction element as surface elements made of glass or a vitreous material has the further advantage that the surface elements can be selectively and individually made at least partially opaque in a particularly easy to implement manner. This is preferably done by applying a coating to the side surface of the corresponding surface element facing the interior of the construction element.
  • the coating may be, for example, an enamel layer; however, other coatings are also suitable, for example plotter or roller pressure coatings, or even screen-printing coatings.
  • an active or activatable sun protection coating is provided on at least one inner surface of the two surface layers formed as a surface element in order to increase the opacity of the corresponding surface element, if necessary.
  • an insulating material is at least partially introduced in the interior defined and bounded by the cover layers of the construction element.
  • rigid polyurethane foam is suitable, which is also referred to as "PU foam” or “polyurethane foam” and has excellent insulating properties.
  • PU foam also referred to as "PU foam” or “polyurethane foam”
  • PU foam also referred to as "PU foam”
  • polyurethane foam has excellent insulating properties.
  • Insulating material consists of mineral wool or similar fiber material.
  • Other solutions come into question here, such as loose fibers inserted into the interior, flakes introduced into the interior, in particular injected flakes, insulating material in the form of chips or honeycomb-shaped insulating elements. Also, a material in the form of a bed would be conceivable.
  • a window area to be formed inside the construction element which, for example, serves to introduce sunlight into the interior of the building.
  • an arbitrarily formed (round, rectangular, etc.) cavity may be formed in the insulating layer forming the core of the sandwich element, which cavity forms a space free of insulation material.
  • the construction element according to the invention may have a plurality of individual insulating material-free spaces, which are arranged distributed at regular or irregular intervals.
  • the insulation material-free space Since air is preferably located within the insulation material-free intermediate space, pressure fluctuations can occur, in particular due to the heating by the sunlight within the transparent partial area.
  • the insulation material-free space has a frame element which is designed to compensate for pressure fluctuations within the transparent portion.
  • the latter may have, for the purpose of pressure compensation or for the purpose of compensating pressure fluctuations, a first compensation volume which is in fluid communication with the already mentioned cavity of the insulation material-free intermediate space. Further, for example, is provided as a second compensation volume, which is connected via a fluid-tight membrane with the first compensation volume and having a pressure compensation opening.
  • At least a portion of the insulation material-free intermediate space can have a transparent surface element.
  • This transparent surface element may be, for example, a glass element, which is covered by the insulating layer.
  • aumpsseinrichtu ng and / or display device is integrated in the interior of the construction element, so that corresponding lighting effects or information can be detected from the outside over the at least partially transparently formed first surface element.
  • the first surface element which is at least partially transparent, simultaneously undertakes the cover for the lighting or display device. It is also conceivable in this context, for example, to integrate OLED films within the construction element.
  • the construction element is substantially rectangular, wherein on at least one outer edge of the construction element, a tongue and / or groove profiling is provided, which serves to form a connection with an adjacent (adjacent) construction element ,
  • a tongue and / or groove profiling is provided, which serves to form a connection with an adjacent (adjacent) construction element .
  • the construction element according to the invention is characterized in that it is a statically self-supporting element, in particular a sandwich element, which is suitable for forming a wall and / or roof structure without complex post frame structures or the like is provided because in the structural element already the structure is integrated.
  • the construction element according to the invention represents a cost-effective and additionally aesthetically very attractive alternative to conventional facade constructions.
  • the invention relates not only to the novel construction element, but also to a method for producing such a construction element, wherein the method is characterized in particular by the fact that a self-supporting element facade can be realized in only a few process steps and with only a few components.
  • this merely requires that a support structure is integrated into the intermediate space of two spaced-apart surface elements, which preferably takes place in such a way that this support structure is connected in a shear-resistant manner to the two surface elements.
  • the formation of a shear-resistant connection is preferably carried out by gluing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the construction element according to the invention
  • FIG. 2a is a cross-sectional view through the first shown in FIG
  • Fig. 2b shows a cross-sectional view through a second embodiment of the construction element according to the invention
  • Fig. 2c shows a cross-sectional view through a third embodiment of the construction element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2d shows a cross-sectional view through a fourth embodiment of the construction element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view from above through the second embodiment of the construction element according to the invention shown in FIG. 2b, along the section axis III-III; a schematic perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the inventive design element; a schematic perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the construction element according to the invention; a cross-sectional view through two structural elements according to a seventh embodiment; a cross-sectional view through an inventive construction element according to the embodiment of FIG.
  • Figure 6a and a cross-sectional view through a construction element known from the prior art; a cross-sectional view through an inventive construction element according to an eighth embodiment in conjunction with a known from the prior art construction element; a schematic perspective view of an eighth embodiment of the construction element according to the invention; a cross-sectional view through two interconnected construction elements according to the invention;
  • FIG. 9a to 9c Top views of different embodiments of a designed as a facade element construction element according to the present invention; a cross-sectional view through two interconnected and designed as a facade element construction elements of FIG. 9a to 9c; a plan view of a structural element according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention; a plan view of a tenth embodiment of the construction element according to the invention; a plan view of an eleventh exemplary embodiment of the construction element according to the invention; a plan view of a twelfth exemplary embodiment of the construction element according to the invention; a sectional view taken along the line A - A in Fig. 14a; a detail of the sectional view of FIG. 14b; a detail of the sectional view of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment of the construction element according to the invention for the cladding of facades and roofs is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the construction element has a first outer surface element 11 and a second inner surface element 12.
  • the second inside surface element 12 is arranged parallel to the first surface element 11 and connected via an insulating layer 13 with the second inside surface element 11.
  • an additional adhesive layer is provided, which connects the surface elements 11, 12 with the insulating layer 13.
  • At least the first outside surface element is designed to be transparent in order to make better use of solar energy and to produce an improved visual impression.
  • the insulating layer 13 is preferably formed of rigid polyurethane foam, but may also consist of any other foamed insulating material.
  • An insulating layer 13 made of rigid polyurethane foam has the advantage that it is possible to draw on an adhesive layer between the surface elements 11, 12 and the insulating layer 13. For this purpose, during the production of the construction element, the rigid polyurethane foam can be sprayed into a space between the surface elements 11, 12 in order to completely foam it out.
  • the second inner surface element 12 may be formed either transparent or opaque. It is conceivable that the second inside surface element 12 is formed from materials such as glass, metals or plastics. However, it is particularly advantageous if the second inside surface element 12 is designed as a transparent surface element.
  • the second inside surface region 12 may be, for example, fluid glass, Plexiglas or polycarbonate.
  • a transparent subregion can be formed in the construction element, as will be described in more detail below with reference to the illustrations in FIGS. 2 a to 2 d.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2d show that, according to one embodiment of the invention, the insulating layer 13 can have at least one intermediate space 14 free of insulating material, which extends from the first planar element 11 to the second planar element 12 and is designed to form a transparent partial region.
  • the simplest form of such a damaging material-free Gap 14 is shown in Fig. 2a.
  • FIG. 2a is in the transparent portion only to a cavity 17 within the insulating layer 13, which forms the insulating material-free space 14.
  • This cavity 17 can have any shape, for example round or square.
  • the transparent partial region of the construction element 1 formed by the insulating material-free intermediate space 14 in particular assumes the function of a window, ie it serves to feed sunlight into the interior of a building.
  • the insulating material-free intermediate space 14 is preferably introduced directly into the insulating layer 13 during the foaming mentioned above. This can be achieved, for example, by providing a frame element 20 (FIG. 2b) between the surface elements 11, 12
  • the insulating material-free intermediate space 14 can have a frame element 20 which is designed to compensate for pressure fluctuations within the insulation material-free gap 14.
  • the frame element 20 has for this purpose a first compensation volume VI, which is in fluid communication with the cavity 17 of the insulating material-free gap 14.
  • the frame element 20 has a second compensation volume V2 which is fluid-tight
  • the second compensation volume V2 has a pressure equalization opening 23, which is shown schematically in the illustration, by way of which an overpressure or underpressure within the cavity of the insulation material-free intermediate chamber 14 can be compensated.
  • FIG. 2b a situation is shown in FIG. 2b, in which an overpressure prevails in the cavity 17, which overflows via a permeable membrane 21 into the first compensation volume VI and thus bears against the fluid-tight membrane 22.
  • the fluid-tight membrane 22 bends in the direction of the second compensation volume V2, whereby the first Kompensationsvol VI is increased and thus results in a pressure compensation.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view from above along the section axis shown in Fig. 2b III-III shown.
  • the insulating material-free gap 14 according to this embodiment is round.
  • the dashed line represents not about a hidden edge, but the permeable membrane 21, via which the first compensation volume VI is in fluid communication with the cavity 17.
  • the first compensation volume VI is in turn separated by the fluid-tight, flexible membrane 22 from the second compensation volume V2. This results in a transparent part of the construction element, which on the one hand can be used as a light passage and at the same time is able to compensate for pressure fluctuations.
  • the pressure fluctuations within the insulation material-free gap 14 can be reduced by a transparent volume element 30 or 40, which is arranged at least in a partial region of the insulation material-free gap 14.
  • a transparent volume element 30 or 40 Two examples of such transparent volume elements 30, 40 are shown in FIGS. 2c and 2d.
  • the transparent volume element shown in FIG. 2c it should be mentioned that this can be designed in particular in one piece.
  • the integrally formed transparent volume element 30 can thus be enclosed by the insulating layer 13, so that only a small remaining portion of the insulating material-free intermediate space 14 is formed as hollow space filled with air.
  • the one-piece transparent volume element must by no means - as shown - be rectangular in cross-section; Rather, it can be provided, the volume element with curved surfaces, d. H. as an optical lens, form to optimize the light input.
  • a multi-part transparent volume element 40 may be provided. It is preferred to form this as insulating glass arrangement.
  • this insulating glass arrangement has a first transparent surface element 41, which is connected via spacers 43 to a second transparent surface element 42.
  • the cavity 17 of the insulating material-free gap 14 is subdivided into three partial areas 17a, 17b, 17c, which in turn makes it possible to compensate for the pressure fluctuations.
  • the transparent surface elements 41, 42 may also be designed as lens optics, which enlarges the aperture of the transparent partial region.
  • the first and / or the second surface element 11, 12 may be formed as a glass laminate 1 12 '.
  • the formation of the surface elements 11, 12 as glass laminate 1 12 ' can be used to improve the sound insulation of the construction element 1 of the invention.
  • a further improvement of the sound insulation properties can be achieved with a likewise in FIG. 4 shown third surface element 15 can be achieved.
  • the third surface element 15 may preferably be disposed within the insulating layer 13 and parallel to the first and second surface elements 11, 12.
  • the third surface element 15 is glued in particular to the insulating layer 13. This can be done for example by additional adhesive layers or alternatively by the adhesive properties of the insulating layer 13 itself.
  • the third surface element 15 may be a plate element with a certain thickness, which is made of glass, metal or plastic.
  • the third surface element 15 should be adapted to the insulating material-free spaces 14 shown in FIGS. 2 a to 2 d, as far as these are provided.
  • the third surface element 15 may have corresponding transparent regions or openings, which are arranged in the region of the insulating material-free intermediate space 14.
  • the construction element 1 according to the invention can furthermore have a solar device 16, which is arranged between the first surface element 11 and the insulating layer 13.
  • the solar device 16 may be, for example, a plurality of photovoltaic modules, which are arranged together in the form of a photovoltaic film.
  • This photovoltaic film is in the inventive construction element 1 between see the insulating layer 13 and the first, outer surface element 11 glued. Accordingly, it is of course conceivable that see the first, outside surface element 11 and the solar device 16 and between the solar device 16 and the insulating layer 13 additional adhesive layers (not shown) are located. Since the first outer surface element 11 is designed to be transparent according to the invention, the solar device 16 can readily be integrated integrally into the volume element 1 according to the invention and thereby utilize the solar radiation impinging on the transparent surface element 11 for energy generation.
  • the solar device 16 is formed as a thin-film Voltaik Rhein and has at least one layer of conductive and / or semiconductive materials, which is at least partially vapor-deposited on the inner surface of serving as a carrier material and transparent first surface element 11.
  • the construction element 1 is preferably formed substantially rectangular and at the outer edges of the insulating layer 13 grooves 131 and / or springs 132 for connecting a plurality of construction elements 1 with each other.
  • the construction element 1 according to the invention has a respective groove 131 on an outer edge of the insulating layer 13 and a spring 132 on the opposite side.
  • the grooves 131 and springs 132 are formed so that a plurality of structural members 1 (Fig. 6a) can be easily connected to each other.
  • the springs 132 of a first construction element can be introduced into the grooves 131 of a second construction element, whereby a 29meidweicher composite is formed.
  • the first outside surface elements 11 are each arranged such that they project beyond the outer edge of the insulation layer 13 on the groove side.
  • the situation is analogous with the second inside surface element 12.
  • the surface elements 11, 12 are arranged opposite the insulation layer 13 such that they cover the connection gap 18 which is formed between the insulation layers 13 of the individual construction elements 1.
  • Fig. 6b shows a connection between a construction element 1 according to the invention and a construction element 100 known from the prior art.
  • the insulating layer 13 is formed with grooves 131 and springs 132, wherein the spring engages in the example shown in a groove 1131 of a conventional construction element 100.
  • the surface elements 11, 12 are arranged opposite to the insulating layer 13, that they cover the connecting gap 18 between the construction element 1 according to the invention and the conventional construction element 100.
  • the construction element 100 known from the prior art also has an insulation layer 113 which is covered by two surface elements 111, 112.
  • the surface elements 111, 112 are formed as metal sheets and arranged opposite the insulating layer 113 in such a way that the outer edges of the insulating layer 113 are also projected beyond this.
  • construction elements according to the invention it is not only possible by the construction elements according to the invention to produce a connection of several construction elements 1 according to the invention with each other; Rather, it is also conceivable to connect the construction elements 1 according to the invention with conventional construction elements 100, whereby the design possibilities are set very little.
  • the insulating layer 13 has two parallel springs 132, which are designed to receive two complementary grooves 1131, running parallel to one another, of a second structural element 100. It follows that the configuration of the grooves and springs of the construction element 1 according to the invention can be made very variable depending on the application. Of course, the springs and grooves 131, 132 are preferably each adapted to existing construction elements.
  • FIG. 7 a further embodiment of the construction element 1 according to the invention is shown. In this embodiment, to increase the
  • the reinforcement 19 is preferably a reinforcing material, such as For example, a glass fiber or synthetic fiber fabric, which is at least partially penetrated by the insulating material.
  • a glass fiber or synthetic fiber fabric which is at least partially penetrated by the insulating material.
  • glass fibers or plastic fibers instead of a fabric structure, however, it is also conceivable to use glass fibers or plastic fibers as a reinforcement 19.
  • the reinforcement 19 may also be formed as a honeycomb structure, in particular paper honeycomb structure, wherein the insulating material of the insulating material layer 13 is at least partially filled in the individual honeycomb of the honeycomb structure KTUR.
  • a reinforcing adhesive layer is preferably also provided, which is formed between the first and / or second surface element 11, 12 and the Dämmmaterial silk 13, wherein the Arm michskleber Mrs on the inner surface is formed of the first and / or second serving as a carrier material surface element 11, 12.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a possibility for connecting two construction elements 1.
  • the construction elements 1 are provided with corresponding groove-shaped profile ends 45, in which a locking element 46, which preferably also has a composite structure, is inserted.
  • This type of connection allows a particularly easy replacement of one of the two structural elements 1.
  • supports 47 can be attached in order to fasten the entire structural element structure to a post of, for example, a mullion-transom construction.
  • the support member 47 may also be used to attach, for example, sun protection devices.
  • An intermediate space between the groove-shaped regions and the carrier element is preferably sealed by means of seals 48.
  • FIGS. 9a to 9c show plan views of different embodiments of a structural element 1 designed as a facade element according to the present invention.
  • Each structural element 1 has a length L which is sufficient for the structural element 1 to have at least one, Preferably, two and more preferably three floors of, for example, an office building can cover.
  • the length L is a total of 13 meters. Of course, other lengths are conceivable here as well.
  • FIG. 9a to 9c shown different embodiments of the structural element 1 designed as a facade element differ essentially by their respective width B. While the facade element according to FIG. 9a, for example, has a width B of 1375 mm, in the facade element according to FIG. 9b has a width B of 1605 mm and a width B of 2400 mm is selected for the facade element as shown in FIG. 9c.
  • All embodiments have in common that they have a total of three insulating material-free spaces 14 which each extend from the first transparent surface element 11 to the second transparent surface element 12 of the construction element 1 and form a transparent portion.
  • the insulating material-free spaces 14 seen in a plan view rectangular.
  • the insulating material-free intermediate spaces 14 have a length L 'of 400 mm or 300 mm. The dimensions of the insulating material-free spaces 14 are selected depending on the application of the facade element accordingly.
  • Fig. 10 shows a cross-sectional view through two construction elements 1 connected according to the invention and designed as facade elements.
  • the design elements 1 designed as a facade element are formed at their edge region as groove-shaped profile ends 45.
  • the insulating material not with the first and second surface element 11, 12 concludes, but forms a groove-shaped recess in which a locking element 46 can be accommodated.
  • On the inside of the surface elements 11, 12 can be applied by means of, for example, a screen printing process, a coating 50, in particular a UV protection.
  • an assembly element 51 is arranged, which preferably also from a foamed material is formed.
  • the surface of the assembly element 51 pointing in the direction of the insulating material-free gap 14 is preferably provided with an optical layer 52.
  • a pressure equalization tube 53 can be accommodated in order to allow a pressure equalization between the cavity subareas 17a and 17b.
  • the cavity portions 17 a, 17 b are formed in the insulating material-free gap 14 by providing a third surface element 15.
  • the third surface element 15 is held by the assembly element 51, namely plane-parallel to the first and second surface element 11, 12th
  • Fig. 11 shows a plan view of a structural element 1 according to the ninth exemplary embodiment.
  • the structural element 1 of this exemplary embodiment is designed in the form of a self-supporting sandwich element and has double-sided glass cover layers which are spaced apart from one another and thus define an interior space of the structural element 1 formed between the glass cover layers.
  • the glass cover layers are designed as surface elements 11, 12, which are in particular monolithic surface elements made of a glass material.
  • the in Fig. 11 is an embodiment of the invention shown in a plan view
  • Construction element 1 is characterized in that at least the outer surfaces, d. H. the interior of the structural element 1 opposite side surfaces of the surface elements 11, 12 are executed without joints and without material interfaces.
  • the surface elements 11, 12, which form the double-sided cover layers of the construction element 1 are partially opaque.
  • an edge region of the two surface elements 11, 12 is opaque, while a (rectangular) center region is designed as a transparent region.
  • the two transparent areas The surfaces of the first and second surface elements 11, 12 are designed such that they are aligned with one another and form a transparent window region.
  • the opaque edge region is achieved by applying an opaque coating to the two inner surfaces of the spaced-apart surface elements 11, 12.
  • This opaque coating is an enamel layer in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the support structure integrated in the structural element 60 at least one support profile, which is embodied here in the form of a circumferential edge profile 65.
  • the edge profile 60 is arranged within the opaque area of the surface elements 11, 12 and connected to the respective edge regions of the inner surfaces of the two surface elements by a material fit (with the aid of an adhesive bond).
  • the exact structure of the edge profile 60 integrated as a supporting profile 65 in the construction element according to FIG. 11 will be described in more detail below with reference to the illustration in FIGS. 14a to 14d.
  • the support structure is in the structural element according to the in
  • Fig. 11 illustrated embodiment also integrates a frame structure 66 in the structural element.
  • the construction and operation of this frame structure 66 will also be described in more detail below with reference to the illustrations in FIGS. 14a to 14d.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of another (tenth) exemplary embodiment of the construction element according to the invention.
  • This tenth embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 11 in that the support structure 60 integrated in the construction element not only has a circumferential edge profile 65, but additionally several support profiles 63 arranged parallel to the side edge of the construction element and integrated into the construction element having. These linearly extending support profiles 63 are shear-resistant and preferably materially connected to the two surface elements of the construction element.
  • the eleventh exemplary embodiment of the construction element according to the invention shown in FIG. 13 also has further linearly extending support profiles 63, so that overall a truss-like support structure is formed.
  • FIG. 14a there is shown a plan view of the construction element according to the twelfth embodiment.
  • Fig. 14b is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 14a, while FIGS. 14c and 14d are sections of the illustration in FIG. Present 14b.
  • a transparent window area is provided in the construction element which is surrounded by an opaque edge area of the construction element.
  • a support structure 60 is integrated in the structural member, which, as in the ninth exemplary embodiment of FIG. 11 - 12 is formed by a peripheral edge profile 65, which is materially connected to the respective edge regions of the inner surfaces of the two surface elements 11, 12.
  • a frame structure 66 is integrated, which transmits surrounds the parent window area.
  • FIG. 14a further pressure equalization channels 64 are indicated, which connect the trapped by the window area air volume in terms of flow with the outside atmosphere to allow for pressure equalization if necessary.
  • Fig. 14b the construction element according to the twelfth embodiment is shown in a sectional view, this section along the line A - A in FIG. 14a was taken.
  • an insulating layer 13 is introduced in the interspace between the surface elements 11, 12, this being preferably mineral wool, since mineral wool corresponds to higher fire protection requirements, in comparison to rigid polyurethane foam (PU or PU) . PURE).
  • the insulating layer 13 (here preferably mineral wool) is disposed in the space between the surface elements 11, 12, in the area where the surface elements correspond are executed opaque.
  • FIG. 14b the illustration in FIG. 14b that the structural element 1 has at its edges an edge profile 65, which makes it possible to be connected via a corresponding connecting element with an adjacent (further) structural element.
  • the detailed construction of the frame structure 66 integrated in the construction element 1 will now be described in more detail with reference to the illustrations in FIGS. 14c and 14d.
  • FIG. 14c the illustration in FIG. 14c to a section of FIG. 14b, in a transition region between the transparent window area and the opaque and Dämmma- material-filled edge region of the construction element.
  • Fig. 14d is in the further detail of the edge region of FIG. 14b shown construction element.
  • the frame structure 66 integrated in the construction element 1, which is arranged in the edge region of the transparent window area, has a spacer 67, which rather, is integrally connected with the inner surface facing the interior of the construction element by the first surface element 11 and ensures a predetermined or determinable distance between an additional transparent surface element 15 arranged in the window region and the first surface element 11.
  • the spacer is designed as a thermally insulating spacer and it surrounds the window area formed by the transparent edge region of the surface elements. With the top of the spacer 67, the additional transparent surface element 15 is materially bonded (with the aid of a bond).
  • the frame structure 66 shown in FIG. 14c furthermore has a reveal profile 68, which on the one hand is materially connected to the additional transparent surface element 15 and on the other hand to the second surface element 12 (the inside surface element) of the construction element 1.
  • the transparent window area is divided into two volume areas, namely in a first volume area or in a first volume VI, which is bounded by the reveal profile 68, the additional transparent area element 15 and the transparent area of the second area element 12, and a second volume area or a second volume volume V2, which is bounded by the spacer, the additional transparent area element 15 and the transparent area of the first area element 11.
  • At least one pressure equalization channel 64 is provided, as already described with reference to the illustration in FIG. 14a, which fluidly connects the first volume VI to the outside atmosphere.
  • a filter element is preferably also integrated in order to prevent dirt particles and / or moisture from penetrating into the first volume VI from the outside.
  • the reveal profile 68 between see the additional transparent surface element 15 and the second inside surface element 12 is arranged and with these two mecanicnelemen- materially connected.
  • the reveal profile 68 slightly offset from the spacer, so that the reveal profile 68 directly connects the first surface element 11 with the second surface element 12. This would also have the advantage that an additional rigid connection between the two surface elements 11, 12 is provided.
  • the support structure has a circumferential edge profile 65 as the support profile, which is connected in a material-bonded manner to the respective edge regions of the inner surfaces of the two surface elements 11, 12.
  • the edge profile 65 has a cross-sectional geometry with two leg regions 61 extending parallel to one another and a base region 62 connecting the two leg regions, wherein the edge profile 65 extends over its
  • FIGS. 15a to 15c show a further (thirteenth) exemplary embodiment of the construction element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of the construction element 1 according to the invention.
  • This construction element is characterized in that the transparent window area of the construction element is designed as an openable window area 69.
  • the transparent window area is designed as an apparent window area, wherein this revealable window area 69 may be formed either transparent or opaque.
  • the invention is not limited to the feature combinations shown in the embodiments. On the contrary, the invention results from an overview of all features disclosed in the individual embodiments.
  • the glass laminate 11 ', 12' as well as the third surface element 15 and the solar device 16 can basically be found in each of the embodiments shown in the figures.
  • each transparent portion shown in Figures 2a to 2d is applicable to all embodiments shown in the figures.
  • the first volume of space via a pressure equalization opening is not fluidly connected to the outside atmosphere, but is supplied via a pressure line with dried air.
  • the first volume of space communicates fluidly with a second (further) volume, wherein the wall of the second (further) volume consists of a flexible, vapor-tight material, in particular film material.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de construction (1) qui se présente sous la forme d'un élément en sandwich autoporteur et/ou réalisé en tant que structure porteuse plane, comprenant un espace intérieur et, des deux côtés, des couches de recouvrement en verre ou des couches de recouvrement de type verre qui définissent l'espace intérieur de l'élément de construction.
EP13753867.4A 2012-09-03 2013-08-30 Élément de construction et procédé de production d'un élément de construction Withdrawn EP2900879A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012215608.9A DE102012215608B4 (de) 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 Statisch selbsttragendes fassadenelement
PCT/EP2013/067994 WO2014033261A1 (fr) 2012-09-03 2013-08-30 Élément de construction et procédé de production d'un élément de construction

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EP2900879A1 true EP2900879A1 (fr) 2015-08-05

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DE (1) DE102012215608B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014033261A1 (fr)

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DE102016102780B4 (de) * 2016-02-17 2020-06-10 Sedak Holding Gmbh Anordnung mit mindestens einem Dach- oder Fassadenelement in Gestalt eines sandwichartig aufgebauten Dämmpaneels und mit einem benachbart zu dem Dach- oder Fassadenelement angeordneten Fensterelement

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DE102012215608B4 (de) 2015-02-19
WO2014033261A1 (fr) 2014-03-06

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