EP2885593B1 - Wärmetauscher - Google Patents
Wärmetauscher Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2885593B1 EP2885593B1 EP13745348.6A EP13745348A EP2885593B1 EP 2885593 B1 EP2885593 B1 EP 2885593B1 EP 13745348 A EP13745348 A EP 13745348A EP 2885593 B1 EP2885593 B1 EP 2885593B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- tubes
- fins
- metal structure
- adjacent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/003—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/002—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using inserts or attachments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger having at least two header tanks, which are fluidly connected to one another by means of a plurality of pipes, and a porous metal structure at least partially surrounding the pipes, wherein the heat exchanger has a plate-like shape with a front side and a rear side.
- Such heat exchangers are frequently used for cooling fluids of a machine, for example an internal combustion engine.
- the fluid to be cooled flows into one of the collecting tanks and passes through the many pipes to an opposite collecting tank.
- the tubes are at least partially surrounded by a porous metal structure. Air can flow through the heat exchanger transversely to its plane of extent and thus temper the fluid in the tubes, in particular cool.
- the generic EP 1 511 969 B1 discloses a heat exchanger having two header tanks fluidly interconnected by a plurality of tubes, and a porous metal structure at least partially surrounding the tubes, the heat exchanger having a plate-like shape with a front side and a rear side.
- the disadvantage is that the coating of the individual tubes with the porous metal structure represents a high procedural expense.
- the FR 2 738 625 A discloses a heat exchanger, in particular for motor vehicles, comprising a plurality of tubes arranged in a bundle and through which a first fluid can flow, porous blocks of thermally conductive material being arranged in contact with the tubes, each of the porous blocks a plurality of cavities communicating with each other so that the block can be flowed through by a second fluid in heat exchange relationship with the first fluid.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a simple to manufacture and robust heat exchanger.
- a vehicle with a heat exchanger according to the invention is claimed in claim 6.
- a heat exchanger has at least two header tanks fluidly interconnected by a plurality of pipes, and a porous metal structure at least partially surrounding the pipes, the heat exchanger having a plate-like shape with a front side and a rear side, and wherein the metal structure is formed by a plurality of each in cross section is formed perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the tubes L-shaped with a base part and a leg portion lamellae, which are each held with the respective base part between two adjacent tubes and extend on at least the front of the heat exchanger with the respective leg portion in each case at least one adjacent tube , wherein the lamellae form a closed cover surface at least on the front side of the heat exchanger in front of the tubes.
- the porous metal structure By forming the porous metal structure, with which the tubes of the heat exchanger are at least partially surrounded, of a plurality of (identical) lamellae held between two adjacent tubes and extending on at least one side of the heat exchanger over at least one of the adjacent tubes,
- the pipes can be provided in a very simple and cost-effective manner with a greatly enlarged surface, which also protects against damage from the outside.
- the slats Form on the at least one side of the heat exchanger, where they extend over the adjacent tube, a closed top surface in front of the pipes, which keeps air flowing particles from the sensitive pipes.
- Suitable metal structures include foams, nonwovens and fine metal mesh structures.
- the slats each extend on the front side via an adjacent tube. If the air flows on the front of the heat exchanger and on the back again, it is sufficient to extend the fins over the pipes only on the front side, since only here is a significant damage potential.
- the slats are each formed in an L-shape.
- the L-shaped sipes have a base part held by the adjacent tubes and a leg part extending over one of the adjacent tubes.
- the front of the heat exchanger is anodized.
- the coating of the leg portions of the slats with hard anodizing additionally increases the resistance of the heat exchanger and can also produce a pleasing appearance by using different colors of the anodized.
- the slats are made of an aluminum alloy.
- Aluminum is particularly well suited because it has a low melting point, is comparatively light and inexpensive.
- the aluminum alloy is foamed. A metal foam is particularly easy to bring in the desired lamella shape.
- the tubes are designed as flat tubes.
- Flat tubes are particularly well suited to permanently fix the lamellae between them.
- the lamellae can also be connected to the tubes with a material fit.
- a vehicle has at least one heat exchanger according to the invention, which in a particularly preferred embodiment can be supplied with air at the front in the installed state.
- the heat exchanger serves, for example, as the main radiator for an internal combustion engine or as an air conditioning condenser. This is usually arranged on a vehicle front behind a decorative grille. The impacting particles during travel are safely trapped by the metal structure.
- a heat exchanger 1 has two opposite collecting tanks 2, which are fluidly connected by means of several (not visible here) pipes 3, so that in the one collecting tank 2, a fluid can enter and passes through the tubes 3 to the other collection box 2 to there the heat exchanger 1 leave again.
- the tubes 3 are surrounded by a porous metal structure 4, which is formed by a plurality of fins 5.
- the slats 5 are made of a metal foam and have an L-shaped configuration with a (not visible in the present case) base 5a and a leg portion 5b, which can be held with the base part 5a between two adjacent tubes 3 and the leg portion 5b on the front 1a of the heat exchanger 1 extends protectively over in each case one of the adjacent tubes 3.
- FIG. 2 the composite of tubes 3 and 5 slats is shown again in section.
- Two adjacent tubes 3 each hold the base part 5a of a lamella 5, so that the leg part 5b on the front side 1a can extend over one of the adjacent tubes 3.
- the lamellae 5 form in combination the protective metal structure 4.
- the leg portions 5b may be coated to further increase the protective effect with a hard anodized.
- the tubes 3 are partially exposed. When installed, the air flows through the heat exchanger 1 from the front side 1a to the rear side 1b thereof.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher mit zumindest zwei Sammelkästen, die mittels mehrerer Rohre fluidtechnisch miteinander verbunden sind, und einer die Rohre zumindest teilweise umgebenden porösen Metallstruktur, wobei der Wärmetauscher eine plattenartige Form mit einer Vorderseite und einer Rückseite aufweist.
- Derartige Wärmetauscher werden häufig zur Kühlung von Fluiden einer Maschine, beispielsweise einer Brennkraftmaschine, eingesetzt. Dazu strömt das zu kühlende Fluid in einen der Sammelkästen ein und gelangt über die vielen Rohre zu einem gegenüberliegenden Sammelkasten. Zur Vergrößerung der Oberfläche sind die Rohre zumindest teilweise mit einer porösen Metallstruktur umgeben. Luft kann den Wärmetauscher quer zu dessen Erstreckungsebene durchströmen und so das Fluid in den Rohren temperieren, insbesondere kühlen.
- Die gattungsbildende
EP 1 511 969 B1 offenbart einen Wärmetauscher mit zwei Sammelkästen, die mittels mehrerer Rohre fluidtechnisch miteinander verbunden sind, und einer die Rohre zumindest teilweise umgebenden porösen Metallstruktur, wobei der Wärmetauscher eine plattenartige Form mit einer Vorderseite und einer Rückseite aufweist. Nachteilig ist, dass die Beschichtung der einzelnen Rohre mit der porösen Metallstruktur einen hohen verfahrenstechnischen Aufwand darstellt. Weiterhin sei auf dieEP 1 553 379 A1 verwiesen, die einen Wärmetauscher mit einer Vielzahl von Flachrohren zeigt, zwischen denen eine poröse Metallstruktur angeordnet ist. Auf der Vorderseite und der Rückseite des Wärmetauschers liegen die Rohre offen, weshalb eine Beschädigung, beispielsweise durch Steinschlag, hier leicht möglich ist. - Die
FR 2 738 625 A - Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.
- Ein Fahrzeug mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher ist in Patentanspruch 6 beansprucht.
- Ein Wärmetauscher hat zumindest zwei Sammelkästen, die mittels mehrerer Rohre fluidtechnisch miteinander verbunden sind, und eine die Rohre zumindest teilweise umgebende poröse Metallstruktur, wobei der Wärmetauscher eine plattenartige Form mit einer Vorderseite und einer Rückseite aufweist und wobei die Metallstruktur durch eine Vielzahl von jeweils im Querschnitt senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Rohre L-förmig mit einem Basisteil und einem Schenkelteil ausgebildeten Lamellen gebildet wird, die mit dem jeweiligen Basisteil jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Rohren gehalten werden und sich auf zumindest der Vorderseite des Wärmetauschers mit dem jeweiligen Schenkelteil jeweils über zumindest ein benachbartes Rohr erstrecken, wobei die Lamellen zumindest auf der Vorderseite des Wärmetauschers vor den Rohren eine geschlossene Deckfläche ausbilden.
- Indem die poröse Metallstruktur, mit der die Rohre des Wärmetauschers zumindest teilweise umgeben sind, aus einer Vielzahl von (identischen) Lamellen gebildet wird, die zwischen zwei benachbarten Rohren gehalten werden und sich auf zumindest einer Seite des Wärmetauscher über zumindest eines der benachbarten Rohre erstrecken, können die Rohre auf sehr einfache und kostengünstige Weise mit einer stark vergrößerten Oberfläche versehen werden, die zudem auch vor Beschädigungen von außen schützt. Die Lamellen bilden dazu auf der mindestens einen Seite des Wärmetauschers, auf der sie sich über das benachbarte Rohr erstrecken, eine geschlossene Deckfläche vor den Rohren, die mit der Luft anströmende Partikel von den empfindlichen Rohren fernhält. Als Metallstruktur eignen sich unter anderem Schäume, Vliese und feine Gitterstrukturen aus Metall.
- Gemäß der Erfindung erstrecken sich die Lamellen jeweils auf der Vorderseite über ein benachbartes Rohr. Strömt die Luft auf der Vorderseite des Wärmetauschers an und auf der Rückseite wieder aus, so ist es ausreichend die Lamellen über die Rohre nur auf der Vorderseite erstrecken zu lassen, da nur hier ein nennenswertes Beschädigungspotential vorhanden ist.
- Gemäß der Erfindung sind die Lamellen jeweils L-förmig ausgebildet. Die L-förmigen Lamellen haben einen Basisteil, der von den benachbarten Rohren gehalten wird, und einen Schenkelteil, der sich über eines der benachbarten Rohre erstreckt.
- In einer bevorzugten Ausführung ist die Vorderseite des Wärmetauschers eloxiert. Die Beschichtung der Schenkelteile der Lamellen mit Hart-Eloxal erhöht die Widerstandsfähigkeit des Wärmetauschers zusätzlich und kann zudem ein gefälliges Erscheinungsbild durch den Einsatz verschiedener Farben des Eloxals erzeugen.
- In einer bevorzugten Ausführung bestehen die Lamellen aus einer Aluminiumlegierung. Aluminium eignet sich besonders gut, da es einen niedrigen Schmelzpunkt besitzt, vergleichsweise leicht und kostengünstig ist. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung ist die Aluminiumlegierung geschäumt. Ein Metallschaum lässt sich besonders einfach in die gewünschte Lamellenform bringen.
- In einer bevorzugten Ausführung sind die Rohre als Flachrohre ausgebildet. Flachrohre eignen sich besonders gut, um die Lamellen zwischen sich dauerhaft fest zu fixieren. Die Lamellen können zusätzlich auch noch stoffschlüssig an den Rohren angebunden sein.
- Ein Fahrzeug hat mindestens einen erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher, der in einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung im eingebauten Zustand an der Vorderseite mit Luft angeströmt werden kann. In einem Fahrzeug dient der Wärmetauscher beispielsweise als Hauptkühler für eine Brennkraftmaschine oder als Klimakondensator. Dieser ist in der Regel an einer Fahrzeugfront hinter einem Ziergitter angeordnet. Die während der Fahrt anprallenden Partikel werden durch die Metallstruktur sicher abgefangen.
- Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen.
- Darin zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Wärmetauschers; -
Fig. 2 eine Schnittansicht eines Wärmetauschers. - Gemäß der
Fig: 1 hat ein Wärmetauscher 1 zwei einander gegenüberliegende Sammelkästen 2, die mittels mehreren (vorliegend nicht sichtbaren) Rohren 3 fluidtechnisch verbunden sind, so dass in den einen Sammelkasten 2 ein Fluid eintreten kann und über die Rohre 3 zum anderen Sammelkasten 2 gelangt, um dort den Wärmetauscher 1 wieder zu verlassen. Die Rohre 3 sind von einer porösen Metallstruktur 4 umgeben, die durch eine Vielzahl von Lamellen 5 gebildet wird. Die Lamellen 5 bestehen aus einem Metallschaum und haben eine L-förmige Ausgestaltung mit einem (vorliegend nicht sichtbaren) Basisteil 5a und einem Schenkelteil 5b, wobei diese mit dem Basisteil 5a zwischen zwei benachbarten Rohren 3 gehalten werden können und der Schenkelteil 5b sich auf der Vorderseite 1a der Wärmetauschers 1 schützend über jeweils eines der benachbarten Rohre 3 erstreckt. - In der
Fig. 2 ist der Verbund aus Rohren 3 und Lamellen 5 noch einmal im Schnitt gezeigt. Zwei benachbarte Rohre 3 halten jeweils den Basisteil 5a einer Lamelle 5, so dass sich der Schenkelteil 5b auf der Vorderseite 1a über eines der benachbarten Rohre 3 erstrecken kann. Die Lamellen 5 bilden im Verbund die schützende Metallstruktur 4. Die Schenkelteile 5b können zur weiteren Erhöhung der Schutzwirkung mit einem Hart-Eloxal beschichtet sein. Auf der Rückseite 1b des Wärmetauschers liegen die Rohre 3 teilweise frei. Im eingebauten Zustand strömt die Luft durch den Wärmetauscher 1 von der Vorderseite 1a zu dessen Rückseite 1b. -
- 1
- Wärmetauscher
- 1a
- Vorderseite
- 1b
- Rückseite
- 2
- Sammelkasten
- 3
- Rohr
- 4
- Metallstruktur
- 5
- Lamelle
- 5a
- Basisteil
- 5b
- Schenkelteil
Claims (7)
- Wärmetauscher (1) mit zumindest zwei Sammelkästen (2), die mittels mehrerer Rohre (3) fluidtechnisch miteinander verbunden sind, und einer die Rohre (3) zumindest teilweise umgebenden porösen Metallstruktur (4), wobei der Wärmetauscher (1) eine plattenartige Form mit einer Vorderseite (1a) und einer Rückseite (1b) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallstruktur (4) durch eine Vielzahl von jeweils im Querschnitt senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Rohre (3) L-förmig mit einem Basisteil (5a) und einem Schenkelteil (5b) ausgebildeten Lamellen (5) gebildet wird, die mit dem jeweiligen Basisteil (5a) jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Rohren (3) gehalten werden und sich auf zumindest der Vorderseite (1a) des Wärmetauschers (1) mit dem jeweiligen Schenkelteil (5b) jeweils über zumindest ein benachbartes Rohr (3) erstrecken, wobei die Lamellen (5) zumindest auf der Vorderseite (1a) des Wärmetauschers (1) vor den Rohren (3) eine geschlossene Deckfläche ausbilden.
- Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorderseite (1a) des Wärmetauschers (1) eloxiert ist.
- Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lamellen (5) aus einer Aluminiumlegierung bestehen.
- Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumlegierung geschäumt ist.
- Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre (3) als Flachrohre ausgebildet sind.
- Fahrzeug mit mindestens einem Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
- Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (1) im eingebauten Zustand an der Vorderseite (1a) mit Luft angeströmt werden kann.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012016442.4A DE102012016442A1 (de) | 2012-08-18 | 2012-08-18 | Wärmetauscher |
PCT/EP2013/002294 WO2014029465A1 (de) | 2012-08-18 | 2013-08-01 | Wärmetauscher |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2885593A1 EP2885593A1 (de) | 2015-06-24 |
EP2885593B1 true EP2885593B1 (de) | 2018-11-21 |
Family
ID=48917486
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13745348.6A Expired - Fee Related EP2885593B1 (de) | 2012-08-18 | 2013-08-01 | Wärmetauscher |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9664459B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2885593B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN104583708B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012016442A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014029465A1 (de) |
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US10302017B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2019-05-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Light weight component with acoustic attenuation and method of making |
US10724131B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2020-07-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Light weight component and method of making |
US10323325B2 (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-06-18 | United Technologies Corporation | Light weight housing for internal component and method of making |
US10335850B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2019-07-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Light weight housing for internal component and method of making |
US10399117B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2019-09-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Method of making light weight component with internal metallic foam and polymer reinforcement |
US11828501B2 (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2023-11-28 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Metal foam heat exchangers for air and gas cooling and heating applications |
CN114025142B (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-06-13 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | 一种液冷散热冷头、液冷散热系统及激光电视 |
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2013
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- 2013-08-01 CN CN201380043923.9A patent/CN104583708B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-01 EP EP13745348.6A patent/EP2885593B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-01 WO PCT/EP2013/002294 patent/WO2014029465A1/de active Application Filing
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Title |
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None * |
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US9664459B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
WO2014029465A1 (de) | 2014-02-27 |
EP2885593A1 (de) | 2015-06-24 |
US20150292818A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
CN104583708A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
CN104583708B (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
DE102012016442A1 (de) | 2014-02-20 |
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